Battle: - University of North Carolina Wilmington



Guided Notes for Unit on Battles of Civil War

Battle: Fort Sumter

Date: April, 1861

Location: Charleston, South Carolina

Important People of the Battle: Major Robert Anderson

General Pierre Beauregard

Victor(winner)(Union or Confederacy): Confederacy

Significance (Why Important): All hopes of compromise ended----WAR!!!

Battle: Bull Run

Date: July, 1861

Location: Bull Run, Virginia - Manassas Junction

Important People of the Battle: General Irwin McDowell/General Winfield Scott, General Robert E. Lee/General “Stonewall” Jackson

Victor(winner)(Union or Confederacy): Confederacy

Significance (Why Important): Showed both sides, especially North, how unprepared and inexperienced they were in war

inflated Southern overconfidence

Battle: Antietam

Date: September, 1862

Location: Antietam Creek, Maryland

Important People of the Battle:

General George E. McClellan, General Robert E. Lee

Victor(winner)(Union or Confederacy): Union

Significance (Why Important):

The bitterest and bloodiest day of the war. Gave the North a great diplomatic advantage. Enabled President Lincoln to issue the Emancipation Proclamation. Convinced Britain and France not to actively take the side of the Confederacy

Battle: Gettysburg

Date: June-July, 1863

Location: Gettysburg, Pennsylvania

Important People of the Battle:

General George G. Meade, General Robert E. Lee/General George E. Pickett

Victor(winner)(Union or Confederacy): Union

Significance(Why Important):

Lee’s defeat was his worst to date. From now on the Southern cause was doomed. President Lincoln delivers his Gettysburg address. Turning point of the war. Pickett’s Charge Fails

Battle: Vicksburg

Date: May-July, 1863

Location: Vicksburg, Mississippi

Important People of the Battle:

General Ulysses S. Grant-Union

Victor(winner)(Union or Confederacy): Union

Significance(Why Important):

Five days later Port Hudson, Louisiana fell to Union hands. Union controls the Mississippi River. The Confederacy is split it two by the Mississippi

Battle: Between the Merrimack and the Monitor

Date: March, 1862

Location: Virginia waters of Chesapeake Bay

Important People of the Battle:

the Monitor. the Merrimack, later named the Virginia

Victor(winner)(Union or Confederacy):

Stand-off but the Merrimack withdrew

Significance(Why Important):

First battle-testing of the new IRONCLADS. End of the wooden warships. South can’t break the blockade of the Union.

Event: “March to the Sea”

Date: 1864-1865

Location: from Chattanooga, Tennessee to Atlanta, Ga to Savannah, Ga, to Columbia, S.C. to Raleigh, N.C.

Important People of the Battle:

General William T. Sherman. General Joseph E. Johnston

Victor(winner)(Union or Confederacy):

Significance(Why Important):

Destroyed supplies destined for the Confederate army.

Weakened morale of the men at the front by waging war on their homes

“Total war”/ path of destruction

Battle: Chattanooga

Date: October, 1863

Location: Chattanooga, Tennessee

Important People of the Battle:

General Ulysses S. Grant. General Braxton Bragg

Victor(winner)(Union or Confederacy): Union

Significance(Why Important):

Separates Confederacy further. Eliminates Chatanooga as a rail center for the South

Battle: Shiloh

Date: April, 1862

Location: Shiloh, Tennessee-Mississippi Border

Important People of the Battle:

General Ulysses S. Grant. General Johnston

Victor(winner)(Union or Confederacy):

Significance(Why Important):

Grant says “I gave up all idea of saving the Union except by complete conquest”

Battle: Appomattox Court House

Date: April, 1865

Location: Appomattox Court House

Important People of the Battle:

General Ulysses S. .General Robert E. Lee

Victor(winner)(Union or Confederacy): Union

Significance(Why Important):

The War is OVER. The Rebels are our countrymen again.

Commanders of the Union Army of the Potomac

Musical Chairs

Winfield Scott-drew up the Anaconda Plan for the war then succeeded by

George C. McClellan followed by

John Pope followed by

George C. McClellan again followed by

Ambrose Burnside followed by

Joseph J. Hooker followed by

George G. Meade followed finally by the man that was able to win

Ulysses S. Grant____________

The changes were made by Lincoln in an attempt to find a General that would be able USE the army in the best way to win the war. Lincoln was frustrated numerous times that his generals would not take the fight to the Confederacy.

Commander of the Northern Army of Virginia- Robert E. Lee

Songs of the War

North- “Battle Hymn of the Republic”

South- “Dixie”

Nicknames

North- “Boys in Blue”, “Billy Yank”, “ Yankee”

South- “Boys in Gray”, “Johnny Reb”, “Rebel”

Flags

North- ”Stars and Stripes”:

South- ”Stars and Bars”

Quotes:

“War is Hell”

“...and that government of the people, by the people, and for the people, shall not perish from the earth.”

“A house divided against itself cannot stand”

“A rich man’s war and a poor man’s fight.”

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