GEOGRAPHY SUBJECT

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GEOGRAPHY SUBJECT

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DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.1.2143.8162

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Ministry of Education Secondary Education Modernization Projec t

Consultancy Phase ?? (Funded by ADB / NDF Loan No.356)

SEMP

DRAFT FINAL REPORT

GEOGRAPHY SUBJECT

Professor KNJ Katupotha Domestic Consultant/Geography Subject.

SEMP-PHASE ll (ADB/NDF No: 356

AUGUST 2004

SUBMITTED BY

Helsinki Consulting Group oy Ltd HELSINKI FINLAND

Helsinki Consulting Group Ltd, Visiting Address: Kaisaniemenikatu 6 A, 6th Floor Postal Aggree: P. O. Box 1300 FIN-00101 Helsinki, Finland Telephone (int) + 358 9 191 44455 Fax (int) +358 9191 44453 E-mail:hcg@hcg.helsinki.fi Internet: hcg.helsinki.f

Sri Lanka Project Office: 11 Annasikotuwa Road, Depanama. Pannipitiya 10230, Sri Lanka Tele +9411 2890654/2850033 Fax9411 2890754 E-mail: calsemp@ Resident Representative: Chris S Nawaratna

CONTENTS

iii

Abbreviations

v

Executive Summary

vii

Acknowledgments

1 Geography Subject

1

1.1 Introduction

1

1.2 Dimensions of Geography Education

3

1.3 Strengthening Geographical Education

4

1.4 Quality Improvement - The SEMP Geography Subject

6

Component

1.4.1 Terms of Reference

6

2 Geography Curriculum Design

7

2.1 Introduction

7

2.2 Curriculum Content

9

3 The Geography Curriculum For Grades 10-13 (GCE OL & AL)

11

3.1 Strengths and Weaknesses

11

3.1.1 Grades 10-11 (GCE OL) ? Geography Syllabus

12

3.1.2 Grades 12-13 (GCE AL) ? Geography Syllabus

16

3.2 Practical Difficulties in the Implementation of the Existing

18

Geography Curricula

4 Improving the Geography Subject Curriculum

19

4.1 Moderniziong Of Geography Curricula

19

4.2 Recommendations Relevant to Grades 10-11 (GCE O/L)

20

4.3 Common Recommendations Relevant to Grades 11 - 13 (GCE 30

O/L& A/L)

4.4 Computer Assisted Learning (CAL)

32

5 Implementation of Modernized Curriculum

36

5.1 Necessity of Implementation

36

5.2 Teachers Capacity Building Measures

38

5.3 Facilities and required Resources

41

5.4 Institutional Development

44

5.5 Textbooks

45

6 Career Development and Employability

49

7 Summary of Recommendations

53

References

56

APPEDICES

1 Number of (a) candidates sat for GCE OL and (b) GCE AL 57

Examinations and results by Grades. (c) Indicates the number

of Geography students who applied and selected candidates

for Universities

2 Draft of the proposed Geography Syllabus for Grade 10 - 58

Suggested Themes and Topics

3 Draft of the proposed Geography Syllabus for Grade 11 - 62

Suggested Themes and Topics

4 Proposed objectives, key issues and concepts, suggested 66

learning activities, suggested learning resources, skills, and

attitudes for Grades 10 and 11

5 Draft of the proposed Geography Syllabus (Geography Paper 75

1 - Physical Environment) for Grades 12 ? 13. Suggested

themes and topics

6 Proposed objectives, key issues and concepts, suggested 80

learning activities, suggested learning resources, skills, and

attitudes for Geography Paper 1, Grades 12-13

7 Draft of the proposed Geography Syllabus (Geography Paper

89

II - People and Human Geography) for Grade 12-13.

Suggested themes and topics

8 Proposed objectives, key issues and concepts, suggested 93

learning activities, suggested learning resources, skills, and

attitudes for Geography Paper II, Grades 12-13

9 Action plan for modernizing Grades (10 - 11) Geography 99

Curriculum

10 Action plan for modernizing Grades (12 - 13) Geography 100

Curriculum

11 List of equipment for the Environmental Field Centres 101

(Resource Centres) ? on site

12 Assessment mobility, teaching-learning aspects and

103

significant linkages with basic competencies

13 List of equipment and cadre position for proposed

108

cartography laboratory

14 Cost estimate for proposed Action plan, GCE (OL)

109

15 Cost estimate for proposed Action plan, GCE (AL)

112

ii

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