Chapter 3 - Culture

Name: ______________________________________________________ Period:__________________

Chapter 3 - Culture

Goals

Explain how culture and heredity affect social behavior Describe how language and culture are related Name the essential components of culture Discuss how cultural diversity is promoted within a society Understand the role of ethnocentrism in society Identify similarities in cultures around the world

Vocabulary Culture Society Instincts Reflexes Drives Symbols Hypothesis of linguistic relativity Norms Folkways Mores Taboo Law Formal Sanctions

Informal Sanctions Values Nonmaterial Culture Beliefs Material Culture Ideal Culture Real Culture Social Categories Subculture Counterculture Ethnocentrism Cultural Universals Cultural Particulars

_____________________ - group of people that live in a defined territory and participate in a common culture.

___________: a biologically inherited reaction to a physical stimuli ex.

Learned through our interaction with and

observation of

____________________.

___________: impulse to reduce discomfort ex.

Cultural transmission is...

_________________________________________________ theory that our perception of the world depends largely upon language

1. Norms that lack ___________________ _____________ 2. Group survival does not depend on adherence

Ex.

1. Norms with great ___________________ _____________ 2. ________________ is a social requirement. Society's well-being depends on adherence

Ex.

1. Formally _____________ and _________________ by officials (police/teachers/adminis tration) 2. Intentionally created and enforced 3. Essential for society's ____________

Ex.

1. Most serious forms of violation are considered __________ 2. Violation requires punishment by group members 3. Not _______, but certainly ___________________

Ex.

1.

2.

A. Believe specific behavior is appropriate

B. C.

NAME: ______________________________________________

PERIOD: _________

T H E NO R M K ITE

If a society is to fly, it must have these basic elements of social structure.

 Norms are based on _______________. Broad ideas about what most people in a

society/group consider desirable No not dictate a specific behavior Ex. 1

Ex. 2

Duggar Family

One-Child law in China

o Germans believed a poster of Hitler on their walls would prevent them from crumbling during bombing o No intelligent life on Mars exists

o Not defined by physical characteristics o Rather, defined by our beliefs, norms, and values

High set of standards that most people aim for.

Examples:

Draw your object and writes its cultural meaning below.

Discovery

Invention

Diffusion

Cultural Universals

Across all cultures there exists more than ______ common cultural traits which are essential to the culture's________________________.

Biological Physical Social

Cultural Particulars

Cultures choose to carry out the cultural universals in different ways. Example:_________________________ _______________________________

_______________________________ Judging others in terms of one's

own cultural standards.

_______________ ____________________ Groupings of persons who share

a social characteristic

Subculture

Counterculture

NAME: _______________________________________________

PERIOD: ________

DIRECTIONS: Read the scenarios and determine whether they best describe a Folkway (F), More (M), Taboo (T), or a Law (L).

1._____ Wearing shorts in the winter time. 2._____ Today, the practice of footbinding, popular in ancient China, would not be tolerated because it is a... 3._____ A newspaper article highlights a man who revealed he is married to 3 different women. 4._____ Alex received a ticket for speeding in his car on the highway. 5._____ A person fails to say "Thank you" after a polite stranger holds the door for them. 6._____ While church was in session, Eddie swore loudly and stormed out of the sanctuary. 7._____ A stranger stares at you for an awkwardly long period of time while riding the bus. 8._____ Bill was audited by the IRS for cheating on his income taxes. 9._____ At work, Maria is discriminated against and excluded from activities because she is a minority. 10._____ Jenny sneaks her own soda and snacks into the movie theater to avoid buying high-priced

concessions. 11._____ In the movie "Precious", the main character becomes impregnated by her father. 12._____ In America, able-bodied, qualified men who simply choose not to work for a living are frowned

upon. 13._____ In India, followers of Hinduism are forbidden from eating cows. If they were to do this, it would be

considered a ______. 14._____ A girl eats a candy bar with a fork and knife at a restaurant. 15._____ Jessica was fined $300 for littering in Tyler State Park. 16._____ Jacob is a "close-talker", often invading people's personal space and speaking loudly.

NAME: _______________________________________________

PERIOD: ________

CULTURAL COMPONENTS

Write the letter of the component as it applies to each statement below. If you think that more than one applies, write it and

explain.

Value

Norm

Physical Object Symbol

Language

1. _____ Thou shalt not kill

2. _____ Saying your name out loud

3. _____ Automobiles

4. _____ Murder is illegal

5. _____ A stop sign

6. _____ Helping a senior citizen cross the street

7. _____ Following the Golden Rule

8. _____ The type of house you live in

9. _____ Being quiet in a church

10. _____ Man proposing marriage to a woman

11. _____ Waving hello

12. _____ Saying hello

13. _____ Applauding

14. _____ Children attending school

15. _____ The white flag in battle

16. _____ Not screaming "fire" in a crowded room

17. _____ A Greenday CD

18. _____ Working hard

19. _____ Holding open the door for someone

20. _____ Saying the pledge of allegiance (nationalism)

21. _____ Eating with a fork, knife, and spoon

22. _____ Airplanes

23. _____ Sticking up your middle finger

24. _____ Shaking the hand of someone you meet

25. _____ Singing the national anthem before a baseball game

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