हिन्दी साहित्य- सीमांचल | कल्पना की उड़ान



Geography

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Aerial view of the Andaman Islands

There are 572 islands in the territory, of which only approximately 38 are permanently inhabited. Most of the islands (about 550) are in the Andamans group, 26 of which are inhabited. The smaller Nicobars comprise some 22 main islands (10 inhabited). The Andamans and Nicobars are separated by a channel (the Ten Degree Channel) some 150 km wide.

The total area of the Andaman Islands is some 6,408 km2 (2,474 sq mi); that of the Nicobar Islands approximately 1,841 km2 (711 sq mi).

History

First inhabitants

The Andaman and Nicobar islands have been inhabited for several thousand years, at the very least. The earliest archaeological evidence yet documented goes back some 2,200 years; however, the indications from genetic, cultural and linguistic isolation studies point to habitation going back 30,000 to 60,000 years, well into the Middle Paleolithic.[2]

In the Andaman Islands, the various Andamanese peoples maintained their separated existence through the vast majority of this time, diversifying into distinct linguistic, cultural and territorial groups. By the 1850s when they first came into sustained contact by outside groups, the indigenous peoples of the Andamans were:

• the Great Andamanese, who collectively represented at least 10 distinct sub-groups and languages;

• the Jarawa;

• the Jangil (or Rutland Jarawa);

• the Onge; and

• the Sentinelese (most isolated of all the groups).

In total, these peoples numbered somewhere around 7,000 at the time of these first encounters. As the numbers of settlers from the mainland increased (at first mostly prisoners and involuntary indentured labourers, later purposely recruited farmers), these indigenous peoples lost territory and numbers in the face of land encroachment and the effects of various epidemic diseases. The Jangil and most of the Great Andamanese groups soon became extinct; presently there remain only approximately 400-450 indigenous Andamanese, the Jarawa and Sentinelese in particular maintaining a steadfast independence and refusing most attempts at contact.

The indigenous peoples of the Nicobars (unrelated to the Andamanese) have a similarly isolated and lengthy association with the islands. There are two main groups:

• the Nicobarese, or Nicobari, living throughout many of the islands; and

• the Shompen, restricted to the interior of Great Nicobar.

• Demographics

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• The major languages spoken in the Andamans in numerical order are Bengali, Hindi, Tamil, Nicobarese and Telugu. Other languages include Malayalam and English. [5] The majority of Andamans are Hindus, but there are significant Muslims and Christian and Sikh minorities.

• Foreigners wishing to visit the Andaman and Nicobar Islands require a Restricted Area Permit; however, there are now available on arrival at Port Blair's Veer Savarkar Airport.

• The Andaman & Nicobar Islands [pic]pronunciation (help·info) (Bengali: আন্দামান ও নিকোবর দ্বীপপুঞ্জ , Tamil: அந்தமான் நிக்கோபார் தீவுகள்) is a Union Territory of India. Informally, the territory's name is often abbreviated to A & N Islands, or ANI.

• The territory is located in the Indian Ocean, and geographically is considered part of Southeast Asia. It comprises two island groups, the Andaman Islands and the Nicobar Islands, separated by the 10° N parallel, with the Andamans to the north of this latitude, and the Nicobars to the south. The Andaman Sea lies to the east and the Bay of Bengal to the west.

• The territory's capital is the Andamanese town of Port Blair. The territory's population as per the most recent (2001) Census of India was 356,152. Added together, the total land area of the territory is approximately 6,496 km² or 2,508 sq mi.

|Country |[pic] India |

|District(s) |3 |

|Established |1956-11-01 |

|Capital |Port Blair |

|Largest city |Port Blair |

|Lt. Governor |Lieutenant General Bhopinder Singh |

|Population |356,1521 (32) |

|• Density |• 43 /km2 (111 /sq mi) |

|Language(s) |Nicobarese, Bengali, English, Hindi,Tamil, Malayalam, Telugu|

|Time zone |IST (UTC+5:30) |

|Area |8,250 km2 (3,185 sq mi) |

|ISO 3166-2 |IN-AN |

|Footnotes[show] |

|Population data as per the Indian Census[1]. |

|Website |tourism.andaman.nic.in/ |

Effect of the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake on India

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Countries affected by the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake.

In India, 10,136 people, according to official estimates, were killed and hundreds of thousands were rendered homeless when a tsunami triggered by the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake near the Indonesian island of Sumatra hit the southern peninsular coast on 26 December 2004. The earthquake registered 9.0 in moment magnitude and was the biggest in five decades. This was followed by strong aftershocks, including a 7.1 magnitude quake [1] in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands.

Affected states and regions

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Satellite photo of east coast of India, flooded by tsunami, 26 Dec 2004

Andaman and Nicobar

The Andaman and Nicobar Islands comprise 572 islands (all land masses in both low and high tides) out of which 38 are inhabited, both by people from the mainland and indigenous tribes. The islands lie just north of the earthquake epicentre, and the tsunami reached a height of 15 m in the southern Nicobar Islands. The official death toll is 1,310, and about 5,600 are still missing. The unofficial death toll (including those missing and presumed dead) is estimated to be about 7,000.

The Great Nicobar and Car Nicobar islands were the worst hit among all the islands because of their proximity to the quake and relative flatness. Aftershocks continue to rock the area. [2] One fifth of the population of the Nicobar Islands is said to be dead, injured or missing ([3]). Chowra Island has lost two thirds of its population of 1,500. Entire islands have been washed away, and the island of Trinket has been split in two ([4]). Communications have not been restored with the Nancowry group of islands, some of which have been completely submerged, with the total number of the population still out of contact exceeding 7,000 ([5]).

Among the casualties in Car Nicobar, 111 Indian Air Force personnel and their family members were washed away when the wave hit their air base, which was reported to have been severely damaged ([6]). The St. Thomas Cathedral (also known as the John Richardson church after John Richardson, a missionary and member of parliament) was washed away. The church, established in 1930 was one of the oldest and prominent churches in the region. A cricket stadium named after John Richardson and a statue dedicated to him were also washed away.

The majority of the population of Andaman Islands is made up of people from the mainland, mostly from West Bengal and Tamil Nadu. The natives of Andaman and Nicobar Islands are endangered tribal groups, such as the Jarawa, the Sentinelese, the Shompen, the Onge and the Great Andamanese. They are regarded as anthropologically significant as they are some of the world's most primitive tribes and considered the world's only link to ancient civilisation. Most of these tribes have maintained their aboriginal lifestyle for centuries, and government policy has been to not interfere with them unless absolutely essential.

It is reported that most of the native islanders survived the tsunami because they live on higher ground or far from the coast ([7]). The Onge (with a 2001 census population of 96), Jarawa (240), Sentinelese (39) and Great Andamanese (43) have been reached by survey teams and are confirmed to be safe although the number of dead is unknown. The Sentinelese live on a reserved island and are hostile to outsiders which is making it difficult for Indian officials to visit the island. They have shot arrows at helicopters sent to check on them. ([8],[9],[10]). In the Nicobar Islands, the Nicobarese, a Southeast Asian-looking tribe (2001 population of 28,653), have lost about 656 lives with 3,000 still missing. Surveys are being conducted on the Shompen (2001 census count of 398) located on Great Nicobar island.

India's only active volcano, Barren 1, located at Barren Island 135 kilometres (80 miles) northeast of the capital Port Blair, erupted because of increased seismic activity on 30 December 2004. People have been evacuated since then and there have been no reports of any casualties. India was highly affected as 700 children lost their parents.

History and Geography

The Union Territory of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, is situated between 6° and 14° North Latitude and 92° and 94° East Longitude. The islands located north of 10° north latitude are known as Andaman Group of islands while islands located south of 10° north latitude are called Nicobar Group of islands. The climate of the islands can be defined as humid, tropical coastal climate. The islands receive rainfall from both the south west and north east monsoons and maximum precipitation is between May & December.

The original inhabitants of the islands lived in the forests on hunting and fishing. There are four Negrito tribes, viz., the Great Andamanese, Onge, Jarawa and Sentinalese in the Andaman group of islands and two Mongoloid tribes, viz., Nicobarese and Shompens in the Nicobar group of islands.

Agriculture

A total of 51,694.35 hect. of area 8068.71 hect. under agriculture and plantation in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands was damaged by Tsunami/Earthquake. Out of that paddy and other field crops in 2177.70 hect. and 5891.01 hect. under plantation crops. Area under permanent submergence is 4206.64 hect. with paddy and other field crops.

Paddy the main food crop, is mostly cultivated in Andaman group of Islands, whereas Coconut and Areca nut are the cash crops of Nicobar group of Islands. Field crops, namely, pulses, oilseeds and vegetable grown followed by paddy during Rabi season. Different kinds of fruits such as mango, sapota, orange, banana, papaya, pineapple and root crops are grown on hilly land owned by the farmers. Spices, viz. pepper, clove, nutmeg and cinnamon are grown under multitier cropping system. Rubber, red oil, palm and cashew are grown on a limited scale in these Islands.

Industry

There are 1833 registered MSMEs and Handicrafts Units as on 31 March 2007. Two units are 100 per cent export oriented units in the line of Fish/Prawn processing activity. Apart from this, there are shells and wood based handicraft units. SSI units are engaged in the production of paints and varnishes, mini flour mills, soft drinks and beverages, steel furniture and fixtures, readymade garments, steel gate grills and structures. MSMEs handicraft units are also engaged in shell crafts, bakery products, rice-milling, furniture-making, etc. The Andaman and Nicobar Islands Integrated Development Corporation in the Public sector has spread its wings in the field of Tourism, Fisheries, Industries and Industrial financing and functions as authorized agents for Alliance Air/Jet Airways/Air Deccan.

Transport

The Motor Transport Department of A & N Administration operates from 13 stations in Northern and Southern group of islands. The department has a total number of 205 buses in operation mainly in rural area of A & N islands. Computerized ticketing for ATR express service has been implemented w.e.f. 15th August, 2007 where advance tickets can be obtained.

During the year 2007-08 a total of 135.88 lakh people travelled by the State Transport Service buses and the Department have generated revenue of Rs. 1075.22 lakhs. It is therefore evident that the Department has been making steady progress in not only providing better public transport service but also has been increasing its earnings.

Tourism

Andaman and Nicobar Islands have been recognised as an eco-friendly tourist's destination. As a tourist paradise, these islands have something very special to offer like Cellular Jail, Ross Island and Havelock Island.

The Andaman tropical evergreen rain forests, beautiful silver sandy beaches, serpentine mangrove-lines creeks, marine life abounding in rare species of plants, animals, corals, etc., provide a memorable experience to the tourists. There is tremendous scope for enjoying nature in the beach resorts, water sports and adventure water sports, adventure tourism like trekking, Island camping, Nature trail, Scuba Diving, etc.

Tourism Department runs guest houses in various parts of the Islands for comfortable accommodation to tourists visiting these Islands. The important places of tourist interest are Anthropological Museum. Marine Museum, Water Sports Complex, Gandhi Park, North Bay, Viper Island, Ross Island, Chidiyatapu, (Bird watching), Red Skin Island, Corbyn's cove Beach, Islands like Neil Island, Havelock Island, Cinque, Little Andaman, Diglipur (Ross and Smith), etc.

As regards the connectivity, the islands are well connected to the mainland by air and sea. Indian Airlines, Air Deccan, Jetlite operates to Port Blair from Kolkata and Chennai. There are regular passenger ship service from Chennai, Kolkata and Vishakhapatnam.

Forests

The recorded forest area is 7,171 sq km of the total geographical area of the islands. Many types of forests are found in the islands, such as tropical wet evergreen, tropical semi evergreen, moist deciduous, littoral, mangrove and swamp forests. A large variety of timbers are found in the Andaman group of islands. The most valuable timbers are padauk and gurjan. These species are not found in Nicobar.

Wildlife

There are 96 Wildlife Sanctuaries, 9 National Parks and 1 Biosphere Reserve in these Islands.

Mammals - Out of 55 terrestrial and 7 Marine mammal species reported so far, 32 species are endemic.

Birds - As many as 246 species and sub species of birds are reported to inhabit these Islands, and of these, 99 species and sub species are endemic.

Reptiles - There are 76 terrestrial reptiles of these 24 species are endemic.

Marine Life - Islands harbour more than 1,200 species of fish, 350 species of echinoderms, 1,000 species of molluscs and many more lower forms of life. Among vertebrates dugongs, dolphins, whales, salt water crocodiles, sea turtles, sea snakes, etc., are common.

Coral and Coral reefs - So far, 179 species of corals belonging to 61 genera have been reported. Reefs are mostly fringing type on eastern coast and barrier type on the western.

सामान्य जानकारी के

A&N ISLANDS अंडमान व निकोबार द्वीप समूह

Location स्थान

|Location स्थान |Bay of Bengal बंगाल की खाड़ी |

|Longitude देशांतर |92 0 to 94 0 East 92 0 94 0 |

| |पूर्व से |

|Latitude अक्षांश |6 0 to 14 0 North 6 0 14 0 |

| |करने के लिए उत्तर |

Altitude (Highest Point) ऊंचाई (उच्चतम प्वाइंट)

|Andaman Islands अंडमान द्वीप समूह |

|Saddle Peak (North Andaman Island) Saddle पीक (उत्तरी |732 Metres 732 मीटर |

|अंडमान द्वीप) | |

|Nicobar Islands निकोबार द्वीप समूह |

|Mount Thullier (Great Nicobar Island) माउंट Thullier (ग्रेट|642 Metres 642 मीटर |

|निकोबार द्वीप) | |

Area क्षेत्र

|Total Area कुल क्षेत्र |Sq.km Sq.km |8249 8249 |

|Andaman District अंडमान जिला |" " |3106 3106 |

|Nicobar District निकोबार जिला |" " |1841 1841 |

|North & Middle Andaman उत्तर और मध्य अंडमान |" " |3302 3302 |

|URBAN AREA शहरी क्षेत्र |" " |16.64 16,64 |

|RURAL AREA ग्रामीण क्षेत्र |" " |8232.36 8232,36 |

Length & Breadth लम्बाई और चौड़ाई

|Length and Breadth of Andaman Islands लम्बाई और चौड़ाई अंडमान द्वीप समूह के |

|Total Length कुल लम्बाई |467kms 467kms |

|Maximum Width अधिकतम चौड़ाई |52 Kms 52 किलोमीटर |

|Average Width औसत चौड़ाई |24kms 24kms |

|Length and Breadth of Nicobar Islands लम्बाई और चौड़ाई निकोबार द्वीप समूह के |

|Total Length कुल लम्बाई |259 Kms 259 किलोमीटर |

|Maxiimum Width Maxiimum चौड़ाई |58 Kms 58 किलोमीटर |

|Biggest inhabitant Island in Andaman Group सबसे बड़ी निवासी अंडमान द्वीप समूह में |

|Middle Andaman Island मध्य अंडमान द्वीप |1536 Sq.Km 1536 Sq.Km |

|Biggest inhabitant Island in Nicobar Group सबसे बड़ी निवासी निकोबार द्वीप समूह में |

|Great Nicobar Island ग्रेट निकोबार द्वीप |1045 Sq.Km. 1045 Sq.Km. |

|Smallest inhabitant Island in Andaman Group छोटा निवासी अंडमान द्वीप समूह में |

|Curlew Island Curlew द्वीप |0.3 Sq Km. 0.3 वर्ग किमी. |

|Smallest inhabitant Island in Nicobar Group छोटा निवासी निकोबार द्वीप समूह में |

|Pilomillow Island Pilomillow द्वीप |1.3 Sq.Km 1.3 Sq.Km |

Distance दूरी

|Distance by Sea (In Kms.) दूरस्थ सागर द्वारा (किलोमीटर में.) |

|Between Port Blair & Chennai पोर्ट ब्लेयर और चेन्नई के बीच |1190 1190 |

|Between Port Blair & Calcutta पोर्ट ब्लेयर और कोलकाता के बीच|1255 1255 |

|Between Port Blair & Vishakapatnam पोर्ट ब्लेयर और |1200 1200 |

|Vishakapatnam के बीच | |

|Distance by Air Kms. दूरस्थ एयर किलोमीटर के द्वारा. |

|Between Calcutta & Port Blair कोलकाता और पोर्ट ब्लेयर के बीच|1301 1301 |

|Between Chennai & Port Blair चेन्नई और पोर्ट ब्लेयर के बीच |1375 1375 |

Administrative Unit प्रशासनिक इकाई

|Administrative Unit प्रशासनिक इकाई |No. नहीं |

|District जिला |3 3 |

|Sub-Division उप प्रभाग |6 6 |

|Tahsil Tahsil |9 9 |

|Town कस्बा |3 3 |

|CDBlock CDBlock |5 5 |

|Lok Sabha Seat लोकसभा सीट |1 1 |

|Municipal Council नगरपालिका परिषद |1 1 |

|Municipal Ward नगर वार्ड |18 18 |

|Panchayat पंचायत |67 67 |

|Police Station पुलिस स्टेशन |15 15 |

|Panchayat Samiti पंचायत समिति |07 07 |

|Zilla Parishad जिला परिषद |01 01 |

|Island/ Village द्वीप / ग्राम |Nos. Nos. |

|Revenue Village राजस्व ग्राम |204 204 |

|Census Village जनगणना ग्राम |547 547 |

|Inhabited Village बसा गांव |501 501 |

|Uninhabited Village निर्जन गांव |46 46 |

|Inhabited Island बसे हुए द्वीप |38 38 |

Climate जलवायु

|Normal Rainfall at Port Blair सामान्य वर्षा पोर्ट ब्लेयर में |3180 mm 3180 मिमी |

|Actual Rainfall at Port Blair during 2003 2003 के दौरान पोर्ट |3004.2 mm 3004.2 मिमी |

|ब्लेयर में वास्तविक वर्षा | |

|Rainy days at Port Blair during 2003 2003 के दौरान पोर्ट ब्लेयर |149 149 |

|में बरसात के दिनों | |

|Mean Minimum Temperature at Port Blair during 2003 पोर्ट ब्लेयर|23.9 0 Celcius 23.9 0 सेल्सियस |

|में 2003 के दौरान न्यूनतम तापमान मतलब | |

|Mean Maximum Temperature at Port Blair during 2003 पोर्ट ब्लेयर|30.2 0 Celcius 30.2 0 सेल्सियस |

|में 2003 के दौरान अधिकतम तापमान मतलब | |

|Mean Relative Humidity at Port Blair During 2003 पोर्ट ब्लेयर के|81% 81% |

|दौरान 2003 में सापेक्ष आर्द्रता मतलब | |

Population जनसंख्या

|TOTAL POPULATION कुल जनसंख्या |1971 1971 |1981 1981 |1991 1991 |2001 2001 |

| |115133 115133 |188741 188741 |280661 280661 |356152 356152 |

|Male नर |70027 70027 |107261 107261 |154369 154369 |192972 192972 |

|Female मादा |45106 45106 |81480 81480 |126292 126292 |163180 163180 |

|RURAL POPULATION ग्रामीण जनसंख्या |88915 88915 |139107 139107 |205706 205706 |239954 239954 |

|Male नर |53195 53195 |78401 78401 |111986 111986 |128961 128961 |

|Female मादा |35720 35720 |60706 60706 |93720 93720 |110993 110993 |

|URBAN POPULATION शहरी जनसंख्या |26218 26218 |49634 49634 |74955 74955 |116198 116198 |

|Male नर |16832 16832 |28860 28860 |42383 42383 |64011 64011 |

|Female मादा |9386 9386 |20774 20774 |32572 32572 |52187 52187 |

|RELIGION-WISE POPULATION धर्म के अनुसार जनसंख्या |

|Religion धर्म |1971 1971 |1981 1981 |1991 1991 |2001 2001 |

|Hindu हिंदु |70134 70134|121793 121793 |189521 189521 |246589 246589 |

|Christian क्रिश्चियन |30342 30342|48274 48274 |67211 67211 |77178 77178 |

|Muslim मुस्लिम |11655 11655|16188 16188 |21354 21354 |29265 29265 |

|Sikh सिख |865 865 |991 991 |1350 1350 |1587 1587 |

|Buddhist बौद्ध |103 103 |127 127 |322 322 |421 421 |

|Jain जैन |14 14 |11 11 |17 17 |23 23 |

|Others अन्य |2020 2020 |1357 1357 |886 886 |1089 1089 |

LITERACY RATE साक्षरता दर

|(As per Census of India - 1st March 2001) (भारत की जनगणना के अनुसार - 1 मार्च 2001) |

| |Male नर |Female मादा |Total कुल |

|A & N Islands अंडमान व निकोबार|71.07% 71.07%|76.09% 76.09%|65.15% 65.15% |

|द्वीप समूह | | | |

A BRIEF NOTE ON VULNERABLE TRIBAL GROUPS संवेदनशील जनजातीय समूह पर एक संक्षिप्त नोट

Particularly vulnerable Tribal Groups (PTGs) who have been identified in the Andaman & Nicobar Islands. विशेष रूप से संवेदनशील जनजातीय समूह है जो कि अंडमान और निकोबार द्वीप समूह में पहचान की गई है (PTGs). They are i) Great Andamanese of Strait Islandii) Onges of Little Andaman iii) Jarawas of South and Middle Andaman  (iv) Sentinelese of Sentinel Islands.and v) Shompens of Great Nicobar वे मुझे) ग्रेट Andamanese जलसंयोगी Islandii के) Onges लिटिल अंडमान के iii) Jarawas दक्षिण और मध्य अंडमान (iv) Sentinelese प्रहरी Islands.and ध् के) Shompens ग्रेट निकोबार के हैं

|[pic] |Arts & Artifacts of Nicobari Tribes |

| |कला और शिल्प निकोबारी जनजाति के |

|Welfare of the Jarawas and the Sentinelese कल्याण Jarawas और |

|Sentinelese की |

| |

|[pic](i) The Great Andamanese :- (i) महान Andamanese: -- |

|They were once the largest in population amongst the various tribes inhabiting the Andaman Islands. वे एक बार जनसंख्या में विभिन्न जनजातियों|

|के अंडमान द्वीप inhabiting बीच सबसे बड़े थे. Their estimated population in 1789 was 10,000. 1789 में उनकी अनुमानित जनसंख्या 10,000 थी. By 1901, |

|their number had decreased to 625 and by 1969 their number had reduced to 19 only. 1901 तक उनकी संख्या 625 से कम था और 1969 तक उनकी संख्या|

|19 से कम ही थी. According to the Census of 1971, only 24 of them were around, but by 1999, their number had increased to 41. , उनकी |

|संख्या 41 से बढ़ा था जनगणना 1971 की, उनमें से केवल 24 के अनुसार चारों ओर थे, लेकिन 1999 के द्वारा. The Administration is doing its best to protect |

|and preserve this tribe. प्रशासन की रक्षा के लिए अपनी पूरी कोशिश कर रहा है और इस जनजाति की रक्षा करता है. These tribals have been |

|rehabilitated in a small island named Strait Island. इन आदिवासियों का एक छोटा सा द्वीप जलसंयोगी द्वीप नाम में पुनर्वास किया गया है. The Great |

|Andamanese were foragers. महान Andamanese foragers थे. Today, they eat rice, dal, chapati and other modern food items. आज, वे चपाती और |

|अन्य आधुनिक खाद्य वस्तुओं चावल, दाल खाओ. They can cook food using spices. वे मसालों का इस्तेमाल कर खाना बना सकता है. At times they still go |

|hunting and gathering. कई बार वे अभी भी जाने शिकार और जनसमूह. Their traditional diet consists of fish, dugong, turtle, turtle eggs, |

|crabs, roots and tubers. उनके पारंपरिक आहार की मछली, कछुआ dugong हैं, कछुआ अंडे, केकड़ों, जड़ें और tubers. They also eat pork, Andaman water |

|monitor lizard etc. As coastal people, they relish octopus, molluses taken out from shell of marine animals like turban shell, |

|scorpion shell, sundial, helmet, trochus and screw shell besides various types of crabs and fish. वे भी, अंडमान पानी छिपकली आदि तटवर्ती |

|लोगों, वे स्वाद ऑक्टोपस, जैसा कि देखरेख, बिच्छू शैल, धूपघड़ी, हेलमेट, trochus और पेंच खोल पगड़ी खोल जैसे समुद्री जानवरों का खोल केकड़ों और मछली के विभिन्न प्रकार|

|के अलावा से बाहर ले molluses सुअर का मांस खाते हैं. Lately some of them have taken to cultivating vegetables and have also established |

|poultry farms. हाल ही में उनमें से कुछ सब्जियों की खेती करने के लिए और भी ले लिया है पॉल्ट्री फार्मों की स्थापना की है. They are vulnerable to |

|communicable diseases besides unhealthy drinking habits, acquired after contact with the non-tribal, urban, dominant and advanced |

|communities. वे अस्वस्थ पीने वाला, गैर, शहरी, प्रमुख आदिवासी और उन्नत समुदायों के साथ संपर्क के बाद अधिग्रहण के अलावा संचारी रोगों के लिए जोखिम रहता है. |

|  |

|[pic]ii) ONGE :- ii) ONGE: -- |

|Onges are one of the most primitive tribes in India. Onges एक भारत में सबसे आदिम जनजातियों के हैं. They belong to the Negrito racial stock |

|and they have been relegated to the reservation at Dugong Creek in Little Andaman Island. वे Negrito नस्लीय शेयर करने के लिए हैं और वे लिटिल |

|अंडमान द्वीप में Dugong क्रीक में आरक्षण के लिए relegated किया गया है. They are a semi-nomadic tribe and fully dependent on the food pro vided |

|by nature. वे एक अर्द्ध घुमंतू जनजाति और पूरी तरह से खाना समर्थक स्वभाव से vided पर निर्भर हैं. They have now experienced the impact of outsiders, |

|as efforts at befriending them have proved successful. वे अब, उन्हें befriending पर प्रयास के रूप में सफल साबित कर दिया है बाहरी लोगों के प्रभाव |

|को महसूस किया है. They have been provided with pucca houses, food, clothes, medicine etc. by the Administration. उन्होंने पक्का मकान, भोजन,|

|कपड़े, प्रशासन द्वारा दवा आदि उपलब्ध कराए जा चुके हैं. They eat turtle, fish, roots and jack fruits etc. They have developed artistry and |

|crafts. वे, मछली, वे artistry और शिल्प का विकास किया है जड़ें और जैक फल आदि कछुआ खाओ. The Onges can make canoes. इस Onges canoes कर सकते हैं. A |

|primary school has also been functioning at the Dugong Creek settlement of Onges. एक प्राथमिक विद्यालय भी Onges के Dugong क्रीक निपटान पर|

|कार्य कर रहा है. The population of this tribe is stable and is at present 94. इस जनजाति की जनसंख्या स्थिर है और वर्तमान 94 पर है. |

|iii) JARAWAS : iii) JARAWAS: |

|The Jarawa tribes with an estimated population of 341 inhabit the Western coasts of South & Middle Andaman islands. 341 की अनुमानित |

|जनसंख्या के साथ Jarawa गोत्राों अंडमान द्वीपों दक्षिण एवं मध्य के पश्चिमी coasts रहती है. [pic]They are leading their normal life of hunting and |

|gathering. वे शिकार और भीड़ के अपने सामान्य जीवन जी रहे हैं. The Ministry of Home Affairs, Govt. गृह मंत्रालय, सरकार की. of India, in |

|consultation with the Ministry of Tribal Affairs and A & N Administration had finalized a policy on the Jarawa Tribe of Andaman |

|Island, on the basis of the recommendations of the experts in various fields. भारत, परामर्श में जनजातीय कार्य मंत्रालय और अंडमान व निकोबार के|

|प्रशासन के साथ की, विभिन्न क्षेत्रों के विशेषज्ञों की सिफारिशों के आधार पर Jarawa जनजाति अंडमान द्वीप पर एक नीति को अंतिम रूप दिया था. The policy was |

|notified in December, 2004 and is being implemented strictly to ensure protection and welfare of Jarawas. इस नीति में दिसंबर, 2004 में |

|अधिसूचित किया गया था सख्ती संरक्षण और Jarawas के कल्याण को सुनिश्चित करने के लिए कार्यान्वित की जा रही है. |

|In order to ensure a rich resource of forest based traditional food like wild pig, turtle, honey and fish etc, the  Jarawa reserve |

|area has been increased from 847 to 1028 Sq. आदेश में आधारित है, 847 से 1028 वर्ग को बढ़ाकर ने Jarawa आरक्षित क्षेत्र कर दिया गया है जंगली सुअर, |

|कछुआ, हनी और मछली आदि जैसे परंपरागत भोजन वन के एक अमीर संसाधन को सुनिश्चित करने के लिए. kms. किमी. Exclusive marine resource base has also been|

|increased by declaring coastal water upto 5 km from High Tide Line as tribal reserve. विशेष समुद्री संसाधन आधार भी तटीय पानी तक आदिवासी |

|आरक्षित के रूप में उच्च ज्वार रेखा से 5 किमी की घोषणा से बढ़ा दिया गया है. Exclusive Wards at Primary Health Centre, Tushnabad, Kadamtala and GB |

|Pant Hospital, Port Blair for Jarawas have been provided and such Wards are declared as tribal reserves to prevent curious |

|non-tribals from interacting with them. विशेष वार्ड प्राथमिक स्वास्थ्य केन्द्र, Tushnabad, Kadamtala और जीबी पंत अस्पताल, पोर्ट ब्लेयर Jarawas के |

|लिए और इस तरह के वार्ड आदिवासी भंडार उनके साथ बातचीत से उत्सुक गैर आदिवासियों को रोकने के लिए घोषित कर रहे हैं प्रदान की गई है. The Jarawa patients |

|are being treated at these Centres. इस Jarawa रोगियों को इन केन्द्रों में इलाज किया जा रहा है. A buffer zone of 5 km radius has been notified|

|around the Jarawa reserve, to ensure that they do not become unwitting targets of large scale tourism or commercial activities . 5 |

|किमी के दायरे के बफर जोन का Jarawa रिज़र्व के आसपास है कि वे बड़े पैमाने पर पर्यटन या व्यावसायिक गतिविधियों का अज्ञान लक्ष्य बन नहीं है यह सुनिश्चित करने के |

|लिए अधिसूचित किया गया है. |

|(iv) SENTENELESE :- (iv) SENTENELESE: -- [pic] |

|The Sentinelese are the inhabitants of North Sentinel Island. इस Sentinelese उत्तर प्रहरी द्वीप के निवासियों रहे हैं. The area is about 60 |

|Sq. इस क्षेत्र के बारे में 60 वर्ग है. Kilometers. किलोमीटर. They are probably the world's only Paleolithic people surviving today without |

|contact with any other group or community. They are considered as an off-shoot to the Onge Jarawa tribes which have acquired a |

|different identity due to their habitation in an isolated and have lost contact with the main tribes. वे शायद दुनिया का एकमात्र |

|Paleolithic लोग आज किसी अन्य समूह या समुदाय के साथ संपर्क के बिना जी रहे हैं. वे एक से, जो एक और पृथक से संपर्क खो दिया है साथ में एक अलग पहचान उनकी |

|बस्ती की वजह से प्राप्त कर लिया है कि Onge Jarawa जनजातियों के लिए शूटिंग के रूप में माना जाता है मुख्य गोत्राों. The Sentinelese are very hostile and |

|never leave their Island. यह बहुत Sentinelese और विरोधी हैं उनके द्वीप को छोड़ कभी नहीं. Very little is known about these hostile tribes. |

|बहुत कम इन शत्रुतापूर्ण जनजातियों के बारे में जाना जाता है. |

|(v) SHOMPENS : (v) SHOMPENS: [pic] |

|The habitation of Shompens is the Great Nicobar which is the largest among the Nicobar Group of Islands. Shompens की बस्ती में ग्रेट |

|निकोबार जो इस निकोबार द्वीप समूह के बीच में सबसे बड़ा है. Like the Nicobarese, they belong to the Mongoloid race. इस Nicobarese की तरह, वे |

|Mongoloid दौड़ के हैं. The Shompens have two divisions, the smaller division being known as Mawa Shompens. इस Shompens, छोटे प्रभाग Mawa |

|Shompens के रूप में जाना जा रहा दो डिवीजनों है. They inhabit areas very close to the coastal region along the river valleys. वे क्षेत्रों बहुत |

|नदी घाटियों साथ तटीय क्षेत्र के पास रहती है. They are very shy. वे बहुत शर्मीली हैं. They are quite intimate with the Nicobarese. वे काफी |

|Nicobarese के साथ घनिष्ठ रहे हैं. The major group of shompens are the hostile Shompens living in Alexendra and Galathia river areas and |

|also on the east coast of the area in the interior of the island. Shompens के प्रमुख समूह के शत्रुतापूर्ण Shompens Alexendra और Galathia नदी |

|और क्षेत्रों में भी इस क्षेत्र के पूर्वी तट पर इस द्वीप के इंटीरियर में रह रहे हैं. In the past, frequent attacks are believed to have been made on the |

|Mawa Shompens by the hostile Shompens. अतीत में, लगातार हमलों के Mawa Shompens पर शत्रुतापूर्ण Shompens द्वारा किया गया है करने के लिए विश्वास कर |

|रहे हैं. But now such hostility has stopped. लेकिन अब ऐसी शत्रुता करना बंद कर दिया है. It is probably because they have been largely reduced |

|in number due to various diseases. क्योंकि वे मुख्यतः संख्या में विभिन्न रोगों के कारण कम हो गया है यह शायद है. The Shompens are the victims of |

|disease, and physically very weak. इस Shompens रोग के शिकार है, और शारीरिक रूप से बहुत कमजोर हैं. With the establishment of the settlement |

|at Campbell Bay in Great Nicobar, Shompens have been visiting the settlers and they are gradually shaking off their shyness and |

|indifferent attitude towards the civilized people. ग्रेट निकोबार में कैम्पबेल बे में निपटान की स्थापना के साथ, Shompens ने settlers का दौरा किया |

|गया है और वे धीरे धीरे अपनी लज्जा और सभ्य लोगों के प्रति उपेक्षापूर्ण रवैया से हिल रहे हैं. |

इस द्वीप समूह में पर्यटन स्थलों

Tourists from all over the world travel round the countries to enjoy as well as visualize the land, the climate, and the people and the Historical monuments found in that place. देशों के साथ ही आनंद लेने के लिए देश कल्पना की यात्रा के दौर में दुनिया भर से पर्यटक, मौसम, और लोगों को और ऐतिहासिक स्मारकों उस स्थान में पाया. Even places which are least spoken off have many tourist spots to enjoy. जिसमें कम से कम से बात भी कर रहे हैं स्थानों का आनंद लेने के लिए कई पर्यटन स्थलों की है. These specific groups of islands too have many tourist spots in them. द्वीपों के इन विशिष्ट समूहों को भी उन में कई पर्यटन स्थलों की है.

Chatham Saw Mill, one of Asia's largest saw mills was built here during the British rule. Chatham देखा मिल है, एक एशिया के सबसे बड़े देखा मिलों के यहां अंग्रेजों के शासनकाल के दौरान बनाया गया था. Expensive woods like Patak, Marble, Curzon and Satin wood are all cut into various sizes of planks, blocks and sleepers. Patak, संगमरमर, कर्जन और साटन की लकड़ी की तरह कीमती जंगल planks, ब्लॉक और सोने के विभिन्न आकार में सब काट रहे हैं. They are dropped in chemical solutions and then sold. वे रासायनिक समाधान में है और फिर बेचा गिर रहे हैं. These are used for the islanders as well as the people of other states for their requirements. ये आइलैंड वासी के लिए और साथ ही अन्य राज्यों के लोगों को उनकी आवश्यकताओं के लिए उपयोग किया जाता है. They must get permits to use these woods for houses, government offices and factories. वे परमिट मकानों के लिए इन जंगलों का उपयोग करने के लिए जाना होगा, सरकारी कार्यालयों और कारखानों. Containers cater these huge logs of woods by ships to other states in India. कंटेनर जहाज द्वारा भारत में अन्य राज्यों के लिए जंगल के इन विशाल लॉग पूरा करते हैं. 1000 employees work in this mill and are owned by the government. इस चक्की में 1000 कर्मचारी काम करते हैं और सरकार के स्वामित्व में हैं. Tourists are permitted to see the process in this mill. पर्यटकों को इस मिल में इस प्रक्रिया को देखने के लिए अनुमति है.

There is a museum undertaken by the forest department in Hadoo, which is a store house of the kinds of trees available in the islands. इसमें एक संग्रहालय Hadoo, जो पेड़ों के द्वीपों में उपलब्ध के प्रकार की एक दुकान है घर में वन विभाग द्वारा किया जाता है. The trees and its kinds are exhibited by their names. पेड़ और उसके प्रकार उनके नाम से प्रदर्शित कर रहे हैं. Wooden handicrafts are displayed and sold. लकड़ी के हस्तशिल्प का प्रदर्शन कर रहे हैं और बेच दिया. Hadoo also has a mini zoo where rare species of birds, crocodiles, monkeys, foxes, pythons, deer, wild goats, pigs, parrots and pigeons are found. Hadoo भी जहाँ पक्षी, मगरमच्छ, बंदर, foxes, pythons, हिरण, जंगली बकरी, सूअर, तोतों और कबूतरों की दुर्लभ प्रजाति पाई जाती हैं एक मिनी चिड़ियाघर है. There is a naval marine museum set up at Samudrika in Hadoo where Corals, Shells, Fish, Sea creatures are found here. इसमें जहां कोरल, गोले, मछली, समुद्री जीव यहाँ पाया जाता है एक नौसैनिक समुद्री संग्रहालय Samudrika पर Hadoo में स्थापित किया है. Navy's costumes, equipments and weapons are also displayed. नौसेना के परिधान, उपकरणों और हथियार भी प्रदर्शित किए जाते हैं. We also find documentaries of same islands. हम भी इसी द्वीप के वृत्तचित्रों पाते हैं. There is an anthropological museum in phoenix Bay where the weapons, pottery, hut models, wooden boats and the photographs of the native tribes have been displayed. वहाँ बे, जहां हथियारों, बर्तनों, झोपड़ी मॉडलों, लकड़ी नौकाओं और मूल जनजातियों की तस्वीरें प्रदर्शित किया गया है फोनिक्स में एक मानवविज्ञान संग्रहालय है. This exhibits a five cultural heritage of the tribes. Another national monument is the cellular jail located in Atlanta point which was constructed by the Britishers. यह गोत्राों के एक पाँच सांस्कृतिक विरासत को दर्शाती है. एक और राष्ट्रीय स्मारक के सेलुलर जेल अटलांटा बिंदु में जो अंग्रेजों द्वारा बनाया गया था स्थित है. This is a symbol of cruelty and brutal treatment that the Britishers imposed on the Indian freedom fighters. यह क्रूरता और अंग्रेजों ने भारतीय स्वतंत्रता सेनानियों पर लगाया क्रूर व्यवहार का प्रतीक है.

There is a fishers museum located of Aberdeen jetty were many strange sea creatures and fishers are found. वहाँ एक पालकों संग्रहालय Aberdeen के घाट स्थित है बहुत अजीब समुद्र जीव और पालकों में पाए जाते हैं थे. Fishers of great quality are exported from here. महान गुणवत्ता के Fishers यहाँ से निर्यात किया जाता है. One who is interested in getting information regarding fishers can visit this museum. जो जानकारी के बारे में पालकों इस संग्रहालय की यात्रा कर सकते हैं प्राप्त करने में दिलचस्पी है. There is a beach named Corbyn's Cove Beach which is natural and a picturesque coastline next to the capital city, surrounded by coconut palms. वहाँ एक समुद्र तट Corbyn है Cove Beach, जो और एक सुन्दर समुद्र तट की राजधानी शहर के बगल में, नारियल हथेलियों से घिरा स्वाभाविक है नाम पर रखा गया है. The favourite sports are sea swimming, sun bathing, and beach combing and riding. पसंदीदा खेल समुद्र तैराकी, सूर्य स्नान, और समुद्र तट तलाशी और सवारी कर रहे हैं. One has the facility of changing the clothes after swimming. एक तैरने के बाद कपड़े बदलने की सुविधा है. A restaurant is nearby where drinks and snacks can be got. एक भोजनालय आसपास जहां ड्रिंक्स और नाश्ता मिला जा सकता है. Well off people stay in the star hotel which faces the coastline. There is a water sports complex located at Aberdeen jetty named Aberdeen water sports where rowing boats, Pedal boats, kayaks aqua cycle, aqua glides and bumper are available. लोग तो दूर, जो समुद्र तट चेहरों के सितारा होटल में रहते हैं. एक पानी के खेल परिसर Aberdeen घाट Aberdeen पानी के खेल, जहां नौकायन नौकाओं, पेडल नावों, kayaks एक्वा साइकिल, एक्वा glides और भरपूर उपलब्ध हैं नाम पर स्थित है. There is also a small pool. वहाँ भी एक छोटा सा तालाब है. People can enjoy water sports in deep sea. लोग गहरे समुद्र में पानी के खेल का आनंद सकता है.

A marine park is situated near Aberdeen jetty. एक समुद्री पार्क Aberdeen घाट के पास स्थित है. This is the suitable place for family picnic and one can taste sea breeze. यह परिवार पिकनिक के लिए उपयुक्त जगह है और एक समुद्री हवा स्वाद कर सकते है. It is an amusement park. यह एक मनोरंजन पार्क है. There is a toy train and a traffic park which explain traffic rules and road safety to children. जो बच्चों को यातायात के नियमों और सड़क सुरक्षा समझाने एक खिलौना रेलगाड़ी और एक ट्रैफिक पार्क है. A sound and light show takes place in the cellular jail where one can witness the gory sights of the Britishers fortune both in Hindi and in English at specific times. एक ध्वनि और प्रकाश दिखाने की सेलुलर जेल में विशेष समय पर कर सकते हैं जहाँ एक गवाह हिन्दी दोनों में है और अंग्रेजी में अंग्रेजों के भाग्य का रक्तमय जगहें जगह ले लेता है. Tickets are sold at the entrance of the jail. टिकट जेल के प्रवेश द्वार पर बेच रहे हैं. The Sipicot central agricultural research form which belongs to the central government is near port Blair, about 14 kms away from the city. जिसमें केंद्र सरकार का है इस Sipicot सेंट्रल कृषि अनुसंधान फार्म पोर्ट ब्लेयर, शहर से लगभग 14 किलोमीटर दूर के पास है. This centre cultivates experimental crops, vegetables, essences and perfumes. यह केन्द्र प्रयोगात्मक फसलों, सब्जियों, सुगंध और इत्र cultivates. The area is on a stretch of about 80acres. इस क्षेत्र के बारे में 80acres के एक खंड पर है. Researchers are made on sea creatures and fishers too. शोधकर्ताओं का समुद्री जीव और पालकों पर भी बना रहे हैं.

Wandoor Beach and Mahatma Gandhi marine national park is a beautiful locale located 29km away from port Blair. Wandoor Beach और महात्मा गांधी समुद्री राष्ट्रीय पार्क एक सुंदर स्थान दूर पोर्ट ब्लेयर से 29km स्थित है. Mahatma Gandhi marine national park has been constructed on these islands which stretch about 281.50gq.km. People come across coral reefs, deep sea animals and mangrove forests here. महात्मा गांधी समुद्री राष्ट्रीय पार्क है जिसके बारे में 281.50gq.km. लोग मूँगे की राख के पार आए खिंचाव इन द्वीपों पर निर्मित किया गया है, गहरे समुद्र जानवरों और mangrove जंगलों यहाँ. Pristine coastline adds beauty to the beach. प्राचीन समय का समुद्र तट समुद्र तट करने के लिए सौंदर्य कहते हैं. Tourists will surely love the fun here. पर्यटकों को निश्चित रूप से यहाँ मज़ा प्यार करेंगे.

A small port charters boats to Jolly buoy and Red skin Islands. एक छोटे से बंदरगाह चार्टर नौकाओं और Red त्वचा द्वीप बोया Jolly लिए. The Jolly buoy and red skin islands are port of the mahatma Gandhi Park. इस जेल्ली और बोया लाल त्वचा द्वीपों को महात्मा गांधी पार्क के बंदरगाह हैं. Clean sands and swimming pools add fun to these islands. साफ रेत और तरणताल इन द्वीपों के लिए मज़ा जोड़ें. The water is clear and transport. पानी साफ है और परिवहन. Lots of fish of various colour swim across without fear of humans. विभिन्न रंग की मछली की बहुत भर में मनुष्य के डर के बिना तैरना. Life style of deep sea creatures can be observed. गहरे समुद्र जीव की जीवन शैली देखी जा सकती है. It is a half day trip. यह एक आधे दिन की यात्रा है. Tourists must take food and water along with them. पर्यटकों को उनके साथ भोजन और पानी रखना चाहिए. Mount Harriet, a big mountain about 55km away from port Blair, raised about 365 m from sea level. माउंट Harriet, 55km के बारे में एक बड़ा पहाड़ दूर पोर्ट ब्लेयर, समुद्र तल से 365 मीटर के बारे में उठाए से. One has to travel to Pamp Plot by boat and travel 15 km by car. एक Pamp प्लॉट करने के लिए नाव से यात्रा करने के लिए है और गाड़ी से 15 किमी यात्रा. Phoenix Bay is the starting point for the boats to Ferry to bamboo plot. फोएनिक्स बे Ferry को नावों के लिए भूखंड बांस को शुरुआती बिंदु है. The Governor of the British Empire spent his summer on this mountain. राज्यपाल ने ब्रिटिश साम्राज्य के अपने गर्मियों इस पर्वत पर बिताया. The whole Government too functioned here during the British rule. पूरी सरकार भी यहाँ ब्रिटिश शासन के दौरान कार्य किया. This is a place filled with fantastic atmosphere, Verdant forests, solitude, blue skies, visible pristine sea coasts are rare spots from this mountain. यह एक शानदार जगह वातावरण, सब्ज़ जंगलों, एकांत, नीला आकाश, दिखाई आदिम समुद्र coasts से भरी इस पहाड़ से दुर्लभ स्थानों रहे हैं. This mountain is a favourite place for private time seekers and it is also a creator's paradise. यह पर्वत निजी समय चाहने के लिए एक पसंदीदा जगह है और यह भी एक निर्माता के लिए स्वर्ग है. The mountain has a government tourist home also. पहाड़ भी एक सरकारी पर्यटक घर है.

Ross Island which is opposite to Aberdeen jetty was the capital city during the British rule. रॉस द्वीप, जो Aberdeen घाट के विपरीत है कि राजधानी में ब्रिटिश शासन के दौरान किया गया. Now this is a part of the naval force. अब इस नौसैनिक बल का एक हिस्सा है. It's near phoenix bay. यह फोनिक्स बे के पास है. The Island can be reached through cruises. इस द्वीप cruises के माध्यम से पहुँचा जा सकता है. Some of the ruins built by the British officials still remain. कुछ खंडहर ब्रिटिश अधिकारियों द्वारा निर्मित की अभी भी बाकी है. A museum named 'Smrithka' maintained by the naval force is also located here. एक संग्रहालय का नाम 'Smrithka' को नौसेना के बल द्वारा अनुरक्षित भी यहीं स्थित है. Photo copies of letters written by British officials, photographs and detailed documentary about the Island are found in the museum. पत्र ब्रिटिश अधिकारियों, तस्वीरें और द्वीप के बारे में विस्तृत दस्तावेजी ने लिखा की फोटो प्रतियां संग्रहालय में पाए जाते हैं. Due to earthquakes, some parts of the Island are sinking. The Island might completely get sunk after some years. भूकंप के कारण, इस द्वीप के कुछ हिस्सों डूब रहे हैं. इस द्वीप पूरी तरह से कुछ वर्षों के बाद विफल हो सकता है. The tourists can find deer and peacocks in abundance in this Island. पर्यटकों बहुतायत में इस द्वीप में हिरण और मोर पा सकते हैं. It is pleasant during day time. यह दिन के समय सुखद है. There is a graveyard for the Britishers. इस अंग्रेजों के लिए एक कब्रिस्तान है. The island is completely surrounded by coconut palms. यह द्वीप पूरी तरह नारियल हथेलियों से घिरा हुआ है. It also whispers woeful tales of the past. यह भी फुसफुसाती अतीत के शोकान्वित कहानियाँ.

Chidiya Tapu which is in south Andaman is located 26 km away from Port Blair. Chidiya जो Tapu दक्षिण अंडमान में है पोर्ट ब्लेयर से 26 किमी दूर स्थित है. The forests here are dense and have a beautiful coastline. जंगलों यहाँ घने होते हैं और एक सुंदर समुद्र तट है. This is a village fully populated with birds. The sunset amidst the mountains is awesome. यह एक गांव को पूरी तरह पक्षियों से आबाद है. पहाड़ों भययोग्य है सूर्यास्त के बीच. The favourite sports in Chidiya Tapu are snorkeling and boat riding. Chidiya में Tapu पसंदीदा खेल और नाव की सवारी snorkeling हैं. The industrial emporium in Sagarika is an emporium for wooden handicrafts undertaken by the government in Port Blair. सागरिका में औद्योगिक एम्पोरियम लकड़ी हस्तशिल्प पोर्ट ब्लेयर में सरकार द्वारा किए गए के लिए एक एम्पोरियम है. Variety of furniture, wooden dolls, chairs, vessels made of wood, shell ornaments, walking sticks made of wood and ornamental lamps are exhibited in this emporium. विभिन्न प्रकार के फर्नीचर, लकड़ी गुड़िया, कुर्सियाँ, बर्तन लकड़ी, खोल गहनों के चलते बनाया लकड़ी का बना है और चिपक सजावटी लैंप इस एम्पोरियम में प्रदर्शित कर रहे हैं. The prices of the goods are cheap. माल की कीमतों में सस्ते होते हैं.

Gandhi Park is located near the Lieutenant Governor's residence. गांधी पार्क के लेफ्टिनेंट गवर्नर के आवास के निकट स्थित है. It is also located near Shri Vetrimalai Murugan temple. यह भी श्री Vetrimalai Murugan मंदिर के पास स्थित है. The Gandhi Park is constructed in Dil Dhaman Lake. गांधी पार्क में दिल Dhaman झील का निर्माण किया है. The park has an ancient Buddha Temple. यह पार्क एक प्राचीन बुद्ध मंदिर है. There is also a statue of Gandhi in a seated position. वहाँ भी एक बैठा स्थिति में गांधी की एक प्रतिमा है. Here children enjoy Giant Wheels, Bumper boats and Boat riding. This place is well suited for families to enjoy their weekends. यहाँ बच्चों के विशालकाय पहियों, बम्पर नौकाओं और नाव की सवारी का आनंद लें. इस जगह को अच्छी तरह से उनके परिवारों के लिए सप्ताहांत का आनंद लेने के लिए अनुकूल है. There is a restaurant also in this park. वहां एक रेस्तरां भी इस पार्क में है. Port Blair features cruise rides. पोर्ट ब्लेयर क्रूज की सवारी सुविधाएँ. From Port Blair, tourists and people of the Islands cruise to some Islands such as Ross Island, Hadoo, Panighat, Viper Island, Harbour and Floating Shipping yard. पोर्ट ब्लेयर, पर्यटकों और द्वीप समूह के लोगों से क्रूज कुछ द्वीप रॉस द्वीप, Hadoo, Panighat, सांप द्वीप, हार्बर और फ़्लोटिंग नौवहन यार्ड जैसे.

Madhar Baba Durgah is located on the way to Corbyn's Cove. Madhar बाबा Durgah है Corbyn Cove करने के रास्ते में स्थित है. It is believed that a person who wishes to get something will get it by the grace of the Baba. ऐसा लगता है कि एक व्यक्ति जो बाबा की कृपा से मिल जाएगा कुछ प्राप्त करना चाहता है माना जाता है. Animals' sacrifices are common and devotees are served with meal. पशु 'बलि आम होते हैं और भक्तों को भोजन के साथ परोसा जाता है. People come here irrespective of their cast and creed. लोग यहाँ भले ही उनके डाली और पंथ के आते हैं. Rangat-Cutbert Bay is in Middle Andaman which is about 170 kms away from Port Blair. Rangat-बे Cutbert मध्य अंडमान में जिसके बारे में पोर्ट ब्लेयर से 170 किलोमीटर दूर है. The means of transports to this Bay are both by road as well as by boat. इस बे के लिए transports का मतलब है दोनों को सड़क मार्ग से नाव के साथ ही कर रहे हैं. The population here is next to that of Port Blair. जनसंख्या यहाँ है कि पोर्ट ब्लेयर के बगल में है. The village is surrounded by mountains. गांव के पहाड़ों से घिरा हुआ है. The place is serene and calm. यह शांत जगह है और शांत हो जाओ. Turtles lay eggs on the coast line of this village. There is both government as well as private resorts here. कछुओं को इस गांव के तट रेखा पर अंडे देते हैं. दोनों सरकार और साथ ही निजी resorts यहाँ है.

Another picnic spot in Middle Andaman is Aam-Kunj Beach, a beach found in Rangat. मध्य अंडमान में एक और पिकनिक स्पॉट आम है कुंज बीच, एक समुद्र तट Rangat में पाया. This place is filled with commercial viability. यह जगह व्यावसायिक व्यवहार्यता से भरा है. Foreign tourists will surely have fun and enjoy this place. विदेशी पर्यटकों को जरूर मजा करेंगे और इस जगह का आनंद लो. The waves in this beach are very high and strong. इस बीच में तरंगें बहुत अधिक हैं और मजबूत. Maya Bunder, a dense forest about 240 kms away from Port Blair is in North Andaman. माया Bunder, 240 किलोमीटर के बारे में एक घने जंगल में भाग पोर्ट ब्लेयर से उत्तरी अंडमान में है. There is a harbour near by. वहाँ से एक बंदरगाह के निकट है. Office of top police officials, government offices and educational institutions are here. कार्यालय शीर्ष पुलिस अधिकारियों, सरकारी कार्यालयों और शैक्षणिक संस्थानों के यहाँ हैं. This is a busy location. यह एक व्यस्त स्थान है. Karmatang Beach also in North Andaman is about 10 kms from Maya Bunder. Karmatang बीच उत्तरी अंडमान में भी माया Bunder से लगभग 10 किलोमीटर दूर है. The coastline is beautiful due to its white waves. इस समुद्र तट की अपनी सफेद लहरों के कारण सुंदर है. A government tourist home 'Yatrik Nivas”, is close to this beach. एक सरकारी पर्यटक घर 'यात्रिक Nivas ", इस बीच करीब है.

Diglipur is also in North Andaman. उत्तरी अंडमान Diglipur है भी. One has to reach Diglipur by rowing to Kalighat from Maya Bunder and travel by bus to Diglipur. एक नौकायन द्वारा Kalighat को माया Bunder और यात्रा से Diglipur को बस से Diglipur तक पहुँचने के लिए है. There is no roadway for 46 km. इसमें 46 किमी सड़क के लिए नहीं है. elephants cart the wooden logs to Diglipur. हाथियों Diglipur करने के लिए लकड़ी के लॉग गाड़ी. A dense forest has to be crossed to reach Diglipur. Bengalis are abundant here. यहां प्रचुर मात्रा में हैं एक घने जंगल Diglipur तक पहुँचने के लिए पार करना होगा. बंगालियों. Only few Tamilians dwell here. केवल कुछ Tamilians यहाँ पर ध्यान केन्द्रित करना. The Kalpang River has a hydro-electric power project. इस Kalpang नदी एक पनबिजली बिजली परियोजना है. This place needs a day to enjoy. Havelock Island is in South Andaman. यह जगह. Havelock द्वीप का आनंद लेने के लिए दक्षिण अंडमान में है एक दिन की जरूरत है. It is about 30 kms away from port Blair. यह पोर्ट ब्लेयर से लगभग 30 किलोमीटर दूर है. There is no road transport. कोई सड़क परिवहन है. It is a peaceful island. यह एक शांतिपूर्ण द्वीप है. The Havelock Island has Rudhanagar beach which is a natural one. इस Havelock द्वीप, जो एक प्राकृतिक एक है Rudhanagar बीच है. Dense forests are found in the coastline. घने जंगलों के समुद्र तट में पाए जाते हैं. Elephants take bath and drink cool drinks. हाथियों नहाना और ठंडा पेय पीते हैं. Nature lovers who love to live here all the time. जो यहाँ हर समय रहने के लिए प्यार प्रकृति प्रेमियों.

Neil Island is 32 kms away from Port Blair. नील द्वीप पोर्ट ब्लेयर से 32 किलोमीटर दूर है. One has to travel by boat to reach the island from Port Blair. It's a very small island. एक पोर्ट ब्लेयर से द्वीप तक पहुँचने के लिए नाव से यात्रा करने के लिए किया है. यह एक बहुत छोटा सा द्वीप है. Both Bengalis and Tamilians dwell here. Garden crops are found here and they are taken to Port Blair. दोनों बंगालियों और Tamilians यहाँ पर ध्यान केन्द्रित करना. उद्यान फसलों यहां पाए जाते हैं और वे पोर्ट ब्लेयर ले जाया जाता है. People who love being alone would suit well to this place. लोग जो अकेले ही जा रही अच्छी तरह इस जगह को सूट करेगा प्यार करते हैं. Little Andaman is a bit far from port Blair and it requires small ships to travel to Little Andaman. The travel time is ten hours. लिटिल अंडमान थोड़ी दूर पोर्ट ब्लेयर से है और यह छोटा जहाज लिटिल अंडमान की यात्रा करने की आवश्यकता है. इस यात्रा के समय दस घंटे है. Hut Bay is the capital city of Little Andaman. Here the head office of Andaman and Nicobar Islands Harbour and some other refugees from Bangladesh and Srilanka dwell. हट बे लिटिल अंडमान की राजधानी शहर है. अंडमान और निकोबार द्वीप समूह हार्बर और बंगलादेश और Srilanka बसना से कुछ अन्य शरणार्थियों की यहाँ के मुख्य कार्यालय. Farms, palms trees, are cultivated. Palm oil is extracted from the factories. फार्म, हथेलियों के पेड़, खेती कर रहे हैं. पाम तेल के कारखानों से निकाली है. There is a huge waterfall in the centre part of the island. इस द्वीप के केंद्र भाग में एक विशाल झरना है. The abode of the Nicobari tribes is Harmandar Bay a part of the island. इस निकोबारी जनजाति का वास Harmandar बे द्वीप का एक हिस्सा है. The Ongi tribes live in Twank creek. इस Ongi गोत्राों Twank क्रीक में रहते हैं. Malaka is found in car Nicobar. Malaka कार निकोबार में पाया जाता है. A temple for lord Murugan is built on the coastline. A shrine built by the Tamils 'Shri Gnana Dhandayudhapani' is in Malaka. प्रभु Murugan के लिए एक मंदिर के समुद्र तट पर बनाया गया है. एक मंदिर में तमिलों 'श्री Gnana Dhandayudhapani' Malaka में है द्वारा निर्मित. Christian tribes one populated here. क्रिश्चियन गोत्राों एक यहाँ बसा. A few Tamilians dwell here. कुछ Tamilians यहाँ पर ध्यान केन्द्रित करना.

The boundary of Nicobar is Campbell Bay. The trip of Campbell Bay is called Indira point. निकोबार की सीमा कैम्पबेल बे है. कैम्पबेल बे की यात्रा इंदिरा बिन्दु कहा जाता है. It is 60 miles away from Indonesia. यह 60 मील दूर इंडोनेशिया से है. The actual and historical name for this place is Nakkavaram. Nakkavaram features in ancient Tamil literature. इस जगह के लिए वास्तविक और ऐतिहासिक नाम प्राचीन तमिल साहित्य में Nakkavaram. Nakkavaram विशेषताएं है. River Kalathiya runs here. नदी Kalathiya यहाँ चलाता है. Foreign turtles visit the Island. विदेश कछुए द्वीप पर जाएँ. They come here to lay eggs and go back. वे यहाँ पर अंडे देते हैं और वापस चले आते हैं. The shore has Crocodiles. किनारे मगरमच्छ है. This Island is frequented by earthquakes and cyclones. यह द्वीप भूकंप और चक्रवातों के द्वारा frequented है. Ex – Army men live here. पूर्व - सेना पुरुषों यहाँ रहते हैं.

There is a tourism festival in the Islands. इस द्वीप समूह में एक पर्यटन त्योहार है. This is organized to encourage tourists to come in abundance. यह पर्यटकों बहुतायत में आने के लिए प्रोत्साहित करने के लिए आयोजित किया जाता है. Before the festival starts decorations take place. इससे पहले कि त्योहार सजावट जगह रखना शुरू होता है. At the time of the festival stalls are displayed both off government and private. त्योहार स्टालों के समय दोनों को सरकारी और निजी प्रदर्शित कर रहे हैं. The festival goes on for 10 days. इस त्योहार पर चला जाता है 10 दिनों के लिए. We can find both North Indian, South Indian artists exhibit their talents in music, dance, poetry and debates. हम संगीत, नृत्य, कविता और बहस में अपनी प्रतिभा का प्रदर्शन दोनों उत्तर भारतीय, दक्षिण भारतीय कलाकारों की खोज कर सकते हैं. Every year the festival takes place during the second week of February. त्योहार फरवरी के दूसरे सप्ताह के दौरान जगह लेता है हर साल. The inauguration of the festival is by a VIP from India. त्योहार का उद्घाटन एक वीआईपी द्वारा भारत से है. During these 10 days Port Blair will be crowded all the more. पोर्ट ब्लेयर के दौरान सभी अधिक भीड़ होगी इन 10 दिन.

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मूल अंग्रेज़ी पाठ:

The Shompens have two divisions, the smaller division being known as Mawa Shompens.

[pic]बेहतर अनुवाद सुझाएँ

The dreadful moment when the Tsunami of 26 December 2004 hits the Thai coast after travelling ca. 400 km around the northern tip of Sumatra and then WNW across the Andaman sea and the Strait of Malacca. The coast shown in this photograph is "sheltered" (if that is quite the word for it in these circumstances) by Sumatra. The epicentre of the earthquake was on the far side of Sumatra and the tsunami had to work its way around the northern tip of that island, losing a lot of energy in the process. The photograph captures only too clearly the tremendous power that even a weakened major tsunami can have.

The human figure on the left and the boats on the right can give a sense of scale. The unknown photographer did not survive and the same must be assumed for the human being. The camera was found later with the film intact. The exact part of the coast shown has not been identified. The breaking wave appears to be roughly 5-6 m high, which compares with the unimaginable wave of 30 m or even more that hit the town of Aceh much closer and in direct line to the epicentre

 

Tsunami

 

The Tragedy in Pictures

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|Warning: |

|There are pictures in this section that may be distressing to those with delicate sensibilities. |

|You look at these pictures at your own risk! |

 

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The arrival of the Tsunami 

The following sequence of six pictures was taken by a couple, Mr and Mrs John and Jackie Knill of North Vancouver, Canada, who were on a beach at Khao Lak resort in Thailand just before 10:11 a.m. on 26th December 2004. They saw the tsunami coming and took a series of pictures that are among the most impressive photographs to come out of the disaster.

Their camera was found later, washed up on a beach among other debris. Its chip still contained the couple's last pictures.

Mr and Mrs Knill died seconds after their last picture. Their bodies were found and identified.

May they and the countless other victims of the disaster rest in peace. 

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Photograph 1 shows the "false ebb" (receding waters) before the arrival of the tsunami which is just visible on the horizon

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Photograph 2

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Photograph 3

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Photograph 4

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Photograph 5 (note the lone human figure on the beach and the boats for comparison of size)

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Photograph 6

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The Nicobar Islands

 

Camorta Island (Nicobars)

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|30 Dec 2004 | |30 Dec 2004, Camorta jetty |

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|30 Dec 2004, Camorta jetty | |30 Dec 2004, Camorta jetty |

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|30 Dec 2004, Rani Isge's grave | | |

Car Nicobar Island

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|31 Dec 2004 | | |

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|31 Dec 2004, Mus village, jetty | |31 Dec 2004, Mus village, jetty |

Nancowry island (Champin village)

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|30 Dec 2004 | |30 Dec 2004 |

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|30 Dec 2004 | |30 Dec 2004 |

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|30 Dec 2004 | |30 Dec 2004 |

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|30 Dec 2004 | |30 Dec 2004 |

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|30 Dec 2004 | | |

Trinket Island

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|30 Dec 2004 | | |

Other and unknown locations

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|Nicobari survivors on their boat | |26 Dec 2004, on a flooded island |

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|31 Dec 2004, survivors on a rescue vessel | |31 Dec 2004, survivors in a "daisy chain" of small boats being |

| | |towed to safety |

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|31Dec 2004, children praying on board a rescue vessel | |31 Dec 2004, survivors on a rescue vessel |

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|26 Dec 2004, flooding in Marirk | |"It is an ill wind that blows nobody any good" - small businessmen|

| | |use the opportunity after the disaster |

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Damage in unidentified Nicobarese places. Bottom right shows a doomed coconut grove, standing in salty water.

 

  

The Moken of the Thai Coast

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The new Moken boat

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The Moken reclaim Ko Surin

 

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Building a new Moken village

 

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Temporary tent accomodation on Ko Surin

 

 

Sumatra: closest to the epicenter

 

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The city of Banda Aceh (population around 100,000). The city was visited by Marco Polo in 1292 abd by Ibn Battutah 1345/46. Apart from the ancient mosque, only ground-level rectangles show where houses have stood only days before the picture was taken.

 

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|Banda Aceh before 26th December 2004 | |Banda Aceh after 26th December 2004 |

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Thailand

|[pic] | |Left and below: nobody was spared: |

| | |Bodies on the beach at Khao Lak |

| | |where the tsunami reached a hight of 10.6 m. |

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An after-wave of the tsunami hits the beach of Patong on Phuket island in Thailand after the main wave. The main waves there reached 5.5 m.

 

 

Sri Lanka

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 The tsunami was "only" a little less than 4 m in height when it reached the southwestern coast of Sri Lanka. Yet it still had enough power to throw a train off the rails and kill more than 1000 of its passengers. The twisted rails shown above were found not far from the derailed train (photos: Jimin Lai / AFP, above; Shahidul Alam / DRIK, below).

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