Name _________________________________ Date ...



Name _________________________________ Date __________ Period _____ Score ________

THE DESERT BLOOMS AS A ROSE - CHAPTER 6

Immigration, Settlement, and Expansion

Other groups of Mormons came from other parts of the country and foreign countries to “Zion.”

Non-Mormons came too, to open businesses and later to work in the mines and on the railroad.

Brigham Young was the government leader and became knows as a great colonizer because

he constantly sent people to begin new towns based on self-sufficiency and religious ideals.

Arrival In Salt Lake City

The people of Salt Lake City turned out to welcome the immigrants as they arrived.

Missionaries encouraged converts to make the long and difficult journey to the Great Basin.

Brigham Young wanted them to come to help build the “kingdom.” He wanted large

numbers and their working skills.

An “emigrant” is a person leaving a place.

An “immigrant” is a person coming into a place.

The movement of the people of Utah and the establishment of more than 500 settlements is

one of the most remarkable stories in American history.

There were four distinct eras of Mormon immigration:

1847 Covered wagons pulled by oxen

1856-1860 Handcarts pulled by people

1861-1869 Down and back wagon trains

1869 Steam locomotives

To help poor converts, the Perpetual Emigrating Fund Company was formed in 1849. The

PEF gave them money to buy what they needed to come to Utah.

The handcart system was implemented or put into action, because of it’s low cost. About

3,000 Latter-day Saints came to Utah this way.

The first handcart group, who left in June 1856, arrived in Salt lake City in September.

The Martin and Willie handcart companies left late and got stuck in mountain snowstorms

in Wyoming.

There were 10 handcart companies in all.

The group of young men called the “Utah Boys” were sent on special missions to

pick up immigrants in Iowa and other places and bring them to Utah.

Immigrants Come to Utah

During the 1840s and 1850s, four million immigrants entered the United States.

About 50,000 L.D.S. from the British Isles and 30,000 from Scandinavia came west in

the beginning of the 1900s along with small numbers from other parts of the world

(Switzerland, Germany, Netherlands, Italy, France, Australia, South Africa, India, &

the Pacific Islands.)

After arriving, they would take a river boat as far as possible and then go by oxen and wagons

until the railroad came.

Many swindlers offered the immigrants fake jobs or rides when they got off the steamboats

so the L.D.S. Church stationed agents at the immigration ports to protect the Mormon converts

against these dishonest people.

Sometimes the American Flag was drawn upside down to signal distress. Many were sick on

the ocean voyage and many died.

Great Salt Lake City

Challenges that faced the first pioneers were:

1. They were unfamiliar with the environment

2. They were isolated from the rest of the world

3. They were living in Indian inhabited land.

4. Every year more people arrived with no jobs or money

5. There was friction between the non-Mormons and the Mormons.

Within a few weeks of arriving, the first pioneers had set up a place to make adobe bricks,

cut timber, and constructed a fort.

Features of Utah Settlements

L.D.S. settlers, unlike those going to Oregon and California, wanted to live in towns so they

could work together in cooperative building and farming projects.

Towns were built in valleys near streams from the canyons.

Utah settlements included:

1. Streets in a grid pattern.

2. Very wide main and side streets with irrigation ditches beside them.

3. Large city blocks

4. Public buildings and parks in the center of towns.

5. Farmlands beyond the city center with tall poplar trees as wind breaks.

Leaders of the church were also leaders of the government.

People were divided into “wards” according to where they lived. “Stakes” were groups of wards.

Ward and stake leaders were responsible for both temporal and religious matters.

Land was given according to need and extra food was given to the bishop.

Church leaders provided jobs for incoming immigrants

Mormon towns were built for several reasons:

1. A temporary gathering place for new converts

2. As trading posts

3. To raise supplies and produce goods

4. As Indian missions. (Las Vegas was one of these)

In 1861 Brigham Young asked 309 families

to go south to settle “Utah’s Dixie.”

Permanent colonies were established to provide homes and farms for the new immigrants.

Called to Settle a New Place

Calls to settle new towns were often given by reading names out loud from the pulpit at

church meetings.

The people were often chosen by the skills they had so the new community would have all

the things it needed.

The settlers often built their homes together,

with a log or adobe wall surrounding

them for protection from the Indians and wild animals.

During the first decade (10 years) some 100 settlements were established from Bear River

Valley to Arizona and Nevada.

On May 10, 1869, the “wedding of the rails” took place at Promontory Summit, Utah. It

was almost the end of wagon travel to Utah.

Settlers now took the train and saved almost 3 months of travel time.

Before the train, the trip took 112 days. After the trains were running, it only took 30 days.

Paintings can record how places and people’s lifestyles change over time. They also show

us how people saw themselves.

Railroad and Mining Towns

A gentile is a person of non-Jewish faith

or nation. Among Mormons, it was

anyone not a Mormon.

The train city of Corinne became the “Gentile Capital of Utah.” A railroad station and sawmill

were built and the citizens of Corinne hoped it would be chosen as the junction city for the

new north and south railroad tracks. Ogden won out.

Mining towns also grew after the coming of the railroad.

The town of Stockton east of Salt Lake, was Utah’s first non-Mormon town.

12 Jewish farmers created Clarion and was

home to several hundred Jewish immigrants.

They live in communes called Moshav which are

cooperative farming communities.

People from any countries, of many religions, came to Utah during the 1880s and 1890s.

Most came to get better jobs and more freedom and others for religious freedom.

It wasn’t uncommon for a family to send one person at a time to America.

Hawaiian converts first came in the 1870s. They settled a community called Iosepa or “Joseph”.

The climate and culture was just too different and so many went back to Hawaii or moved

to Salt Lake City.

The last officially organized Mormon company set sail in 1913 from England with

Swedish Saints.

Brave Men in Wooden Boats

More than 20 years after the first pioneers settled in Utah, the first transcontinental railroad

tracks were completed near Promontory.

John Wesley Powell rode the train west and set into the Green River to ride the river into

the area marked “Unexplored”. He began his adventure on May 29, 1869.

They couldn’t fish or hunt much because they had to keep going to get out before winter.

They named one river the Dirty Devil because it was so full of mud.

On August 27, they went down a ferocious S-shaped chute. The next morning Powell and his

men abandoned all their hard-won measurements and samples and sent 3 men to climb out.

A Stereograph picture is a double picture that when placed in a special viewer makes it look

like it’s 3-D.

Powell created the United States Bureau of Ethnology to study the American Indians.

A Census Report

The U.S. Constitution calls for a census, or population count, to be made every ten years.

A Census includes the number of people, age, ethnic background, number of children in

families, education level, and income.

Name _________________________________ Date __________ Period _____ Score ________

THE DESERT BLOOMS AS A ROSE - CHAPTER 6

Immigration, Settlement, and Expansion

Other groups of Mormons came from other parts of the country and foreign countries to “__________.”

Non-Mormons came too, to open __________ and later to work in the __________ and on the __________ .

Brigham Young was the __________ leader and became knows as a great __________

because he constantly sent people to begin new towns based on __________ and

religious ideals.

Arrival In Salt Lake City

The people of Salt Lake City turned out to welcome the __________ as they arrived.

Missionaries encouraged converts to make the long and difficult journey to the __________

__________ .

Brigham Young wanted them to come to help build the “ __________ .” He wanted large

numbers and their working skills.

An “emigrant” is a person __________ a place.

An “ __________ ” is a person coming into a place.

The movement of the people of Utah and the establishment of more than________ settlements is

one of the most remarkable stories in American history.

There were four distinct eras of Mormon immigration:

1847 Covered __________ pulled by oxen

1856-1860 __________ pulled by people

1861-1869 __________ and __________ wagon trains

1869 Steam __________

To help poor converts, the __________ __________ __________ Company was formed in 1849. The P.E.F. gave them __________ to buy what they needed to come to Utah.

The handcart system was implemented or put into action, because of it’s ______ _____ . About

__________ Latter-day Saints came to Utah this way.

The first handcart group, who left in _______ ______ , arrived in Salt lake City in September.

The Martin and Willie handcart companies left late and got stuck in mountain snowstorms

in __________ .

There were ____ handcart companies in all.

The group of young men called the “ _____ _____ ” were sent on special missions to

pick up immigrants in Iowa and other places and bring them to Utah.

Immigrants Come to Utah

During the 1840s and 1850s, __________ million immigrants entered the United States.

About 50,000 L.D.S. from the _____ _____ and __________ from Scandinavia came west in

the beginning of the 1900s along with small numbers from other parts of the world

(Switzerland, Germany, Netherlands, Italy, France, Australia, South Africa, India, &

the Pacific Islands.)

After arriving, they would take a river boat as far as possible and then go by oxen and wagons

until the __________ came.

Many __________ offered the immigrants fake jobs or rides when they got off the steamboats

so the L.D.S. Church stationed agents at the __________ ports to protect the Mormon converts

against these dishonest people.

Sometimes the American Flag was drawn ________ down to signal distress. Many were sick on

the ocean voyage and many __________ .

Great Salt Lake City

Challenges that faced the first pioneers were:

1. They were unfamiliar with the __________

2. They were __________ from the rest of the world

3. They were living in __________ inhabited land.

4. Every year more people arrived with no __________ or __________

5. There was __________ between the non-Mormons and the Mormons.

Within a few weeks of arriving, the first pioneers had set up a place to make __________ bricks, cut __________ , and constructed a __________ .

Features of Utah Settlements

L.D.S. settlers, unlike those going to Oregon and California, wanted to live in __________ so they could work together in __________ building and farming projects.

Towns were built in valleys near streams from the canyons.

Utah settlements included:

1. Streets in a __________ pattern.

2. Very __________ main and side streets with irrigation ditches beside them.

3. Large city __________

4. Public buildings and parks in the __________ of towns.

5. Farmlands __________ the city center with tall __________ trees as wind breaks.

Leaders of the church were also leaders of the __________ .

People were divided into “ __________ ” according to where they lived. “ __________ ” were groups of wards.

Ward and stake leaders were responsible for both __________ and religious matters.

Land was given according to __________ and extra food was given to the __________ .

Church leaders provided __________ for incoming immigrants

Mormon towns were built for several reasons:

1. A temporary __________ __________ for new converts

2. As __________ posts

3. To raise supplies and produce __________

4. As __________ missions. (Las Vegas was one of these)

In 1861 Brigham Young asked 309 families

to go south to settle “ __________ __________ .”

__________ colonies were established to provide homes and farms for the new immigrants.

Called to Settle a New Place

Calls to settle new towns were often given by reading names out loud from the __________ at

church meetings.

The people were often chosen by the __________ they had so the new community would have all the things it needed.

The settlers often built their homes together,

with a log or adobe wall surrounding

them for protection from the Indians and __________ __________ .

During the first _________ (10 years) some ___ settlements were established from Bear River

Valley to Arizona and Nevada.

On May 10, 1869, the “ __________ of the rails” took place at __________ Summit, Utah. It

was almost the end of __________ travel to Utah.

Settlers now took the train and saved almost ____ months of travel time.

Before the train, the trip took 112 days. After the trains were running, it only took 30 days

from __________ .

Paintings can record how places and people’s __________ change over time. They also show

us how people saw themselves.

Railroad and Mining Towns

A __________ is a person of non-Jewish faith

or nation. Among Mormons, it was

anyone not a __________ .

The train city of __________ became the “Gentile Capital of Utah.” A __________ station and __________ were built and the citizens of Corinne hoped it would be chosen as the

junction city for the new north and south railroad tracks. Ogden won out.

__________ __________ also grew after the coming of the railroad.

The town of __________ west of Salt Lake, was Utah’s first non-Mormon town.

12 Jewish farmers created __________ and was

home to several hundred Jewish immigrants.

They live in communes called __________ which are

cooperative farming communities.

People from many __________ , of many religions, came to Utah during the 1880s and 1890s.

Most came to get better ________ and more freedom and others for __________ freedom.

It wasn’t uncommon for a family to send _____ person at a time to America.

Hawaiian converts first came in the ____ . They settled a community called Iosepa or “Joseph”.

The ________ and _______ was just too different and so many went back to Hawaii or moved

to Salt Lake City.

The last officially organized Mormon company set sail in 1913 from England with

__________ Saints.

Brave Men in Wooden Boats

More than _____ years after the first pioneers settled in Utah, the first transcontinental railroad

tracks were completed near Promontory.

John Wesley __________ rode the train west and set into the Green River to ride the river into

the area marked “Unexplored”. He began his adventure on May 29, 1869.

They couldn’t fish or hunt much because they had to keep going to get out before __________ .

They named one river the __________ __________ because it was so full of mud.

On August 27, they went down a ferocious S-shaped chute. The next morning Powell and his

men abandoned all their hard-won __________ and __________ and sent 3 men to climb out.

A __________ picture is a double picture that when placed in a special viewer makes it look

like it’s __________ .

Powell created the United States Bureau of __________ to study the American Indians.

A Census Report

The U.S. Constitution calls for a census, or __________ count, to be made every ten years.

A Census includes the number of people, _____, ethnic background, number of __________ in

families, __________ level, and income.

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