World History I
Name: ______________________________________________ Period: _________
Late Middle Ages Study Guide
Vocabulary - Define each word using the glossary in the back of your textbook. To identify the people, you will need to look in the chapters or in the index for the specific page numbers.
1. Apprentice
2. Barter economy
3. Urban II
4. Crusades
5. Capital
6. Craft guilds
7. Great Schism
8. John Wycliffe
9. Domestic system
10. Journeyman
11. Geoffrey Chaucer
12. Hundred Years’ War
13. Market economy
14. Scholasticism
15. Joan of Arc
16. War of the Roses
17. Usury
18. Vernacular languages
19. Saladin
20. Black Death
Study Questions – Use your class notes to answer the following questions.
1. Why were the Crusades considered the major turning point of the Middle Ages?
2. How many Crusades were there in all?
3. What three monotheistic religions see Jerusalem as their Holy Land?
4. In the 600s, Arab Muslims took over the Holy Land, but they allowed Christians and Jews to use Jerusalem. In the 1000s, a new group of Muslims took the Holy Land. Who were these new Muslims?
5. The Byzantine Emperor feared losing his empire to the new invading Muslims. Who did the emperor ask for help?
6. Who issued the call for the 1st Crusade and in what year?
7. Roughly, how many Western European Crusaders left to go on the 1st Crusade?
8. What were the many reasons why the Europeans decided to go on Crusade?
9. What was the result of the 1st Crusade?
10. What two kings led troops on the 2nd Crusade?
11. What was the result of the 2nd Crusade?
12. In 1187, a very powerful Muslim man united all the Muslims to take Jerusalem, greatly terrifying the Western Europeans. Who was this man that united the Muslim forces?
13. What three kings attempted to lead troops on the 3rd Crusade?
14. Which of the above three kings died on the way to the Holy Land?
15. What was the result of the 3rd Crusade? Who signed a truce?
16. What was the reasoning behind the Children’s Crusade of 1212?
17. Overall, would the Crusades be considered a success or a failure?
18. What were some positive effects of the Crusades?
19. What Medieval trade town was known for the trading of cloth?
20. What were the three major Mediterranean trade towns?
21. Why were the 1st banks created?
22. Describe a Medieval town—its layout, smell, etc.
23. What disease killed 1/3 of Europe’s population in the Middle Ages?
24. What is a craft guild?
25. Masters controlled the craft guilds. Trace the steps one would need to take to become a master, starting with being an apprentice.
26. What was scholasticism?
27. Describe the characteristics of the Romanesque style of architecture.
28. Describe the characteristics of the Gothic style of architecture.
29. Where is the Cathedral of Notre Dame located?
30. What was the name of the war in which Great Britain and France were fighting over who would gain control of the French throne?
31. What were the two major battles of the above war?
32. What weapon allowed the English to win many victories over the French?
33. Who was Joan of Arc? What happened to Joan?
34. Who won the Hundred Years’ War—France or England?
35. What was the War of the Roses in England?
36. In the War of the Roses, what family was represented by a red rose?
37. In the war of the Roses, what family was represented by a white rose?
38. Who was the 1st Tudor monarch of England?
39. In the 1250s, Spain was not truly unified, what were the three parts of Spain?
40. What was the Babylonian Captivity?
41. What was the Great Schism?
42. John Wycliffe wanted to reform the Catholic Church. He also translated the Bible. Into what language did he translate the Bible?
43. Jan Hus tried to lead a reform movement in Bohemia, but he failed. What happened to Jan Hus?
Discussion Questions – Answer the following in essay format. You should have an introduction, body, and conclusion.
Describe how the Catholic Church weakened during the Late Middle Ages.
Describe the Black Death and its effects.
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