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Early Immigration DBQShort-Answer QuestionsDirections: Analyze the documents and answer the short-answer questions that follow each document in the space provided.Document 11362710363220Hard Times &U.S. Industrial Epidemics in Italy ExpansionIrish Famine & Military Draft in GermanyAnti-Semitism & Draft in RussiaJapanese ImmigrationPanic of 1873 and DepressionWorld War IChinese ImmigrationEconomic Opportunity Railroad Building &Free Western LandU.S. Panic Political Unrestof 1857in GermanyOutbreak ofU.S. Depressions 1884 & 1893Irish FamineU.S. Civil WarU.S. Depressions 1837 & 184300Hard Times &U.S. Industrial Epidemics in Italy ExpansionIrish Famine & Military Draft in GermanyAnti-Semitism & Draft in RussiaJapanese ImmigrationPanic of 1873 and DepressionWorld War IChinese ImmigrationEconomic Opportunity Railroad Building &Free Western LandU.S. Panic Political Unrestof 1857in GermanyOutbreak ofU.S. Depressions 1884 & 1893Irish FamineU.S. Civil WarU.S. Depressions 1837 & 1843Number of Immigrants Entering U.S. Each Year 1,200,0001,100,0001,000,000900,000800,000700,000600,000500,000400,000300,000200,000100,0001830184018501860187018801890190019101920YearSource: Martin W. Sandler, In Search of America, Ginn (adapted)1a Based on this graph, identify two conditions in their native countries that caused immigrants to come to the United States. [2]994410153670Score00Score(1)994410213995Score00Score(2)765810584200________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________00________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________b Based on this graph, identify one situation in the United States that led to an increase of immigrants coming into the nation. [1]653415106680Score00ScoreDocument 2This is part of an interview with Catherine Moran McNamara, an Irish immigrant, who arrived in the United States around 1900.972185113665. . . There was twelve in our family. The oldest died and the other one went to Australia with my uncle. I was about five when she went. So there was ten of us, you might say, in our family. We had to pay every cent we possibly could produce to taxes. Every war England had she had you pay her part, even though you just had nothing, and you had to pay on your land some expenses of it. . . .My mother kept house and my father had no work but just the bit of land we had, to work it, and give the cream of the milk to England for everything. They had to get the big rent, and then if the year was bad and the stuff didn’t grow, we suffered on that.The Irish lived under awful stress. I’ve seen the family thrown out. I recall that distinctly because we took them in our barn. They had no place for their bed, for anything. I seen the little child, this is God’s truth, I’ll never forget this, it was just about a year and a half, put out in the little cradle. I see the pots put out and the coals of fire put into the iron oven they used to bake with. Everything they had, put into the yard. If they were caught in that yard that night they’d be shot or somethin’.England did this, of course, and her regime. She had certain ones to do it. The landlord, he was English, and the English owned Ireland then. . . .00. . . There was twelve in our family. The oldest died and the other one went to Australia with my uncle. I was about five when she went. So there was ten of us, you might say, in our family. We had to pay every cent we possibly could produce to taxes. Every war England had she had you pay her part, even though you just had nothing, and you had to pay on your land some expenses of it. . . .My mother kept house and my father had no work but just the bit of land we had, to work it, and give the cream of the milk to England for everything. They had to get the big rent, and then if the year was bad and the stuff didn’t grow, we suffered on that.The Irish lived under awful stress. I’ve seen the family thrown out. I recall that distinctly because we took them in our barn. They had no place for their bed, for anything. I seen the little child, this is God’s truth, I’ll never forget this, it was just about a year and a half, put out in the little cradle. I see the pots put out and the coals of fire put into the iron oven they used to bake with. Everything they had, put into the yard. If they were caught in that yard that night they’d be shot or somethin’.England did this, of course, and her regime. She had certain ones to do it. The landlord, he was English, and the English owned Ireland then. . . .Source: June Namias, First Generation: In the Words of Twentieth-Century American Immigrants,Beacon Press, 1978Based on this document, state two reasons many Irish citizens immigrated to the United States around 1900. [2]754380334010__00__(1) 623570233680Score00Score754380393065__00__(2) 623570103505Score00Score7524754856480__00__Document 3948055447675. . . Work over there was very bad. In those days [1967], a worker in Greece made about five dollars a day, when a worker’s pay in the United States was about thirty dollars a day. But the reason I came to the United States was because the situation in Greece was bad. And I was concerned about the education of my kids. Greece in those days had only one university, and if you had kids who wanted to go to the university it was very hard to get the chance.00. . . Work over there was very bad. In those days [1967], a worker in Greece made about five dollars a day, when a worker’s pay in the United States was about thirty dollars a day. But the reason I came to the United States was because the situation in Greece was bad. And I was concerned about the education of my kids. Greece in those days had only one university, and if you had kids who wanted to go to the university it was very hard to get the chance.This is part of an interview with George Kokkas, a Greek immigrant, who arrived in the United States in 1969.Source: Gladys Nadler Rips, Coming to America: Immigrants from Southern Europe, Delacorte PressBased on this document, identify two reasons that led this Greek immigrant to move to the United States. [2]752475334010__00__(1) 72707599060Score00Score(2) 703580101600Score00Score3344545318198500Document 4With increased immigration in the mid-1800s, open hostility towards foreigners was expressed in the form of anti-immigration pamphlets such as this one, dated 1885.2082800118110RESTRICTALLIMMIGRATION!PROTECT YOURSELF AND YOUR CHILDRENAGAINSTRuinous Labor and Business CompetitionTHROUGHUNRESTRICTED IMMIGRATION.00RESTRICTALLIMMIGRATION!PROTECT YOURSELF AND YOUR CHILDRENAGAINSTRuinous Labor and Business CompetitionTHROUGHUNRESTRICTED IMMIGRATION.Source: Edward G. Hartmann, American Immigration,Lerner Publications (adapted)676275584200__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________00__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Based on this document, identify one reason many native-born Americans in the late 1800s were in favor of restricting immigration. [1]70040517843500700405158115Score00Score6762755550535__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________00__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Document 5Source: Lewis W. Hine, November 1912, Library of Congress5 Based on this photograph, identify one reason that living in a tenement was often difficult for immigrants. [1]ScoreDocument 5Source: Lewis W. Hine, November 1912, Library of Congress5 Based on this photograph, identify one reason that living in a tenement was often difficult for immigrants. [1]ScoreDocument 6125984028575000Photograph of New York City Garment Workers, 1913Source: Historical Atlas of the United States, National Geographic Society, 1988678180406400__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________00__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Based on this photograph, identify one goal of this protest by immigrant workers. [1]499110188595Score00Score7639056085840__00__Document 7This is part of a letter from a Polish immigrant, who came to the United States in 1913.919480105410I’m in this country for four months.I am a polish man. I want be american citizen . . . But my friends are polish people—I must live with them—I work in the shoes-shop with polish people—I stay all the time with them—at home—in the shop—anywhere.I want live with american people, but I do not know anybody of american. I go 4 times to teacher, and must pay $2 weekly. I wanted take board [to live] in english house, but I could not, for I earn only $5 or 6 in a week, and when I pay teacher $2, I have only $4—$3— and now english board house is too dear [expensive] for me. Better job to get is hard for me, because I do not speak well english and I cannot understand what they say to me. The teacher teach me—but when I come home—I must speak polish and in the shop also. In this way I can live in your country many years—like my friends—and never speak—write well english—and never be good american citizen. . . .00I’m in this country for four months.I am a polish man. I want be american citizen . . . But my friends are polish people—I must live with them—I work in the shoes-shop with polish people—I stay all the time with them—at home—in the shop—anywhere.I want live with american people, but I do not know anybody of american. I go 4 times to teacher, and must pay $2 weekly. I wanted take board [to live] in english house, but I could not, for I earn only $5 or 6 in a week, and when I pay teacher $2, I have only $4—$3— and now english board house is too dear [expensive] for me. Better job to get is hard for me, because I do not speak well english and I cannot understand what they say to me. The teacher teach me—but when I come home—I must speak polish and in the shop also. In this way I can live in your country many years—like my friends—and never speak—write well english—and never be good american citizen. . . .Source: Report of the Commission on Immigration on the Problem of Immigration in Massachusetts, 1914(adapted)Based on this document, state two reasons it was difficult for this Polish immigrant to fit into American society. [2]763905333375__00__(1) 629920204470Score00Score(2) 629920198120Score00Score ................
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