VITAMINS AND DEFICIENCY DISEASES - SNS Courseware

[Pages:59]VITAMINS AND DEFICIENCY DISEASES

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INTRODUCTION

Vitamins are organic compounds required in the diet in small quantities to perform

biological functions.

We obtain them from : foods we eat or via vitamin supplements.

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VITAM IN S

According to solubility vitamins are of:

Fat-soluble

&

Water-soluble

Thirteen vitamins are known of which: Four are fat-soluble : Vitamins A , D , E ,K Nine are water- soluble.

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Distinction between fat-soluble and water-soluble vitamins.

Fat soluble vitamins are readily stored in the body.

Not readily excreted in urine.

Excess consumption can lead to their accumulation and toxic effects.

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VITAMIN SUPPLEMENTS

Synthetic or natural substances which can be purchased as pills, capsules, powders or liquids.

Best when accompanied by a well balanced diet.

Do not replace a healthy diet.

Do not provide calories or energy.

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RECOMMENDED DIETARY ALLOWANCES (RDA)

These are suggested levels of essential nutrients considered adequate to meet nutritional needs of healthy individuals.

Requirements are influenced by physical characteristics , dietary habits, sex, pregnancy, lactation and age.

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MULTIVITAMIN SUPPLEMENT

A multivitamin should contain fat-soluble vitamins A,D,E ; water-soluble vitamins B1,B2,B6,B12 , niacin, biotin , folic acid , pantothenic acid and vitamin C.

Contains minerals :zinc, magnesium, copper, and calcium.

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VITAMINS

Fat-soluble

Water-soluble

Vitamin A Vitamin D Vitamin E Vitamin K

Non B- Complex Vitamin C

B-Complex Thiamine (B1) Riboflavin(B2) Niacin (B3) Pantothenic acid(B5) Pyridoxine(B6) Biotin(B7) Folic acid (B9) Vitamin B12

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