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HOME AUTOMATION AND SECURITY FOR MOBILEDEVICESABSTRACTAs mobile devices continue to grow in popularity andfunctionality, the demand for advanced ubiquitous mobileapplications in our daily lives also increases. This paperdeals with the design and implementation of HASec, aHome Automation and Security system for mobile devices,that leverages mobile technology to provide essentialsecurity to our homes and associated control operations.In particular, with the help of mobile devices, HASecoperates and controls motion detectors and video camerasfor remote sensing and surveillance, streams live videoand records it for future playback, and finally managesoperations on home appliances, such as turning ON/OFF atelevision or microwave or altering the intensity of lightingaround the house.The proposed home security solution hinges on our novelintegration of cameras and motion detectors into a mobileapplication. For instance, when motion is detected, thecameras automatically initiate recording and the iOSdevice alerts the homeowner of the possible intrusion.HASec has two main components interacting with eachother: the iOS application that executes on the mobiledevice and server-side scripts that run in a cloud.Although HA-Sec is implemented for Apple's iOS devicessuch as iPhone, iPod Touch, and iPad, it can be easilyported to other mobile platforms. Furthermore, ourapplication is not only limited to smart-phones but alsocan be used by feature phones through their browsers.DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF MICROCONTROLLERBASED ELECTRONIC QUEUE CONTROL SYSTEMSABSTRACTIn this work, low-cost, portable microcontroller basedelectronic queue control (EQC) systems have beendeveloped for the purpose of controlling queue in banking,hotel reservation counter, ticket counter, insurancecompany, customer service center etc. The aim of thedesigned systems is to maintain a queue with order andefficiency.Two different queue control systems have beenimplemented with slightly different features. In EQCsystem-1, a general display has been used for displayingtoken number and service counter number whereas in EQCsystem-2, each token number has been displayedindividually in each service counter with separate displays.In the both systems, each customer has to collect a tokenand then will be served whenever the token number isdisplayed. The systems were designed around a 16F72 IC,a low-cost 8-bit PIC microcontroller and entirely softwarecontrolled.The control programs have been developed using the PICassembly language. Finally, the systems have been testedunder different conditions to evaluate their performance.DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF PYROELECTRICINFRARED SENSOR BASED SECURITY SYSTEM USINGMICROCONTROLLERABSTRACTThis paper evaluates the development of a Low-costsecurity system using small PIR (Pyroelectric Infrared)sensor built around a microcontroller. The low-power PIRdetectors take advantage of pyroelectricity to detect ahuman body that is a constant source of Passive Infrared(radiation in the infrared region).The system senses the signal generated by PIR sensordetecting the presence of individuals not at thermalequilibrium with the surrounding environment. Detectingthe presence of any unauthorized person in any specifictime interval, it triggers an alarm & sets up a call to apredefined number through a GSM modem.This highly reactive approach has low computationalrequirement, therefore it is well-suited to surveillance,industrial applications and smart environments. Testsperformed gave promising results.ACCELEROMETER ASSISTED HIGH BANDWIDTHCONTROL OF TIP-TILT MIRROR FOR PRECISIONPOINTING STABILITYABSTRACTPointing stability that defines acceptable displacement ofan observation target on the optical detector during theexposure time in a satellite telescope system largelydominates the quality of the image. This researchproposes a new control approach to improve pointingstability using a tip-tilt mirror.While conventional control systems for a tip-tilt mirror usefeedback error signals obtained from the optical detector,the signal loses enough bandwidth to compensate for highfrequency disturbances when pointing at a dark referenceguide star.This paper presents a control system subsidiarily usingaccelerometers to generate high bandwidth feedforwardcontrol references to a tip-tilt mirror by properlyidentifying transfer function between acceleration andpointing displacement. The numerical simulation andexperiments using a disturbance source and a tip-tiltmirror verifies feasibility of this method.CONTROL OF BRUSHLESS DC MOTOR WITH AN AVRMICROCONTROLLERABSTRACTThis paper illustrates the basic work principle of abrushless DC motor and presents its control method.According to the method, a control system of a brushlessDC Motor is designed using an AVR microcontroller.Design of the control system includes hardware circuitdesigning and software programming.The hardware structure of the control system consists of amicrocontroller ATmega64, power supply circuit, positiondetection circuit, current chopper circuit, power drivingcircuit, display circuit and keyboard circuit and so on.The software is developed by c program language. Thesoftware includes main program, initialization program,PWM duty ratio reload program, speed calculationprogram, closed-loop PID regulation program, interruptservice program, LCD display program, keyboard programetc.The experiment result shows that the system is with anexcellent dynamic and static performance. Its operation isreliable.MICROCONTROLLER BASED ON-BOARD DIAGNOSTIC(OBD) SYSTEM FOR NON-OBD VEHICLESABSTRACTThis paper proposes the development of On-BoardDiagnostic (OBD) system for automobiles.The proposed OBD system has a microcontroller basedprocessing system and consists of(1) sensors installed at different parts of vehicle to observevarious parameters,(2) processing unit that will take input from the sensorsand signal conditioners, calculate the real-time values ofvehicle parameters and give output and(3) user interface. System will be able to diagnose faults inparameters, abnormal abrupt changes, notify user of anyabnormal condition, and in some cases indicate the causeof fault.This system is designed basically to be implemented onvehicles that do not have factory installed OBD systems,and can be easily fitted without major modifications to thevehicle.It is user friendly system with LCD and keypad interfacethough which user can view parameter values, warningnotifications and define custom limits for differentparameters according to vehicle (other than defaultvalues).A MICROCONTROLLER BASED MULTI-FUNCTIONSOLAR TRACKING SYSTEMABSTRACTRenewable energy solutions are becoming increasinglypopular. Photovoltaic (solar) systems are but one example.Maximizing power output from a solar system is desirableto increase efficiency.In order to maximize power output from solar panels, oneneeds to keep the panels aligned with the sun. As such, ameans of tracking the sun is required. This is definitely amore cost effective solution than purchasing additionalsolar panels. It has been estimated that the yield fromsolar panels can be increased by 30 to 60 percent byutilizing a tracking system instead of a stationary array.In this paper, a prototype for a microcontroller-basedmulti-function solar tracking system is described, whichwill keep the solar panels aligned with the sun in order tomaximize efficiency.The maximum power point tracking (MPPT) data can betransmitted in real time to other solar systems in need ofthis data.ARM9-BASED EMBEDDED CONTROLLEROF THE BOILER COMBUSTIONABSTRACTMainly based on a research of controlling the boilercombustion system with the boiler steam pressure, thispaper will exploit a controlling system which is basing onthe ARM9 embedded boiler combustion controller, forachieving a more accurate control to the burner.Using the ARM920T kernel 16/32 RISC embeddedmicroprocessor, this system realizes the design ofhardware system by being around its periphery. Withembedded operating system for Linux environment resumeand QT/Embedded for GUI support system, it has itsapplication development.WEIGHING SYSTEM OF FRUIT-TRANSPORTATIONGYROCAR BASED ON ARMABSTRACTThe pilot less fruit-transportation gyro car works in theeconomic forest, avoiding the obstacle on the rail is theprerequisite of its safe working. An ultrasonic obstacleavoidance system of fruit-transportation gyro car based onARM embedded system is introduced in this article.The functions of the system are implemented. It couldmake the gyro car stop when detect an obstacle and sendsthe information of obstacle to the monitoring clientthrough GPRS. Through the test, the ultrasonic obstacleavoidance system performs well and reliable.ARM9 MULTI-TASK DATA ACQUISITION SYSTEMINTELLIGENT IMPROVEMENTABSTRACTIn this paper the improvement plan has been proposed todeal with such shortcomings exists in ARM9 and ?C/OS-IIreal-time multi-tasking data acquisition system, in whichtask competition exist, the slow implementation ofperipherals, in time update cannot be made.Achieved sampling channel priority dynamic scheduling,real-time parameters acquisition have been set up here.Peripherals operation which constraints of the systemperformance on the were time optimized, improved thesystem efficiency, system security, and task synchronous.There briefly illustrated the system frequency limit testsand detail sampling data display on user interface.POWER HARVESTING FOR SMART SENSOR NETWORKSIN MONITORING WATER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMABSTRACTRecently, there has been a growing interest in usingwireless sensor networks for monitoring water distributioninfrastructure to help drinking water utilities to have betterunderstanding of hydraulic and water quality statement oftheir underground assets.One of the challenges is limited power resources foroperating the smart sensors and sensor networks. Currentcommon used power supplies for sensor node arebatteries. Batteries have many drawbacks such as shortlife time and need to be replaced on regular basis which isuneconomical and unmanageable in hard accessenvironment such as buried underground water pipelines.Energy harvesting of ambient energy in the water pipelineand powering wireless sensor node including sensing,processing, and communications would be particularlyattractive option because the life time of the node will bepotentially infinite for supporting wireless sensornetworks.The paper will review and discuss the potential of usingpower harvesting techniques for monitoring waterdistribution networks and the work done in the area ofmonitoring water distribution systems using smart sensornetworks.A NOVEL LIGHT-SENSOR-BASED INFORMATIONTRANSMISSION SYSTEM FOR INDOOR POSITIONING ANDNAVIGATIONABSTRACTThis paper describes a novel light-sensor-basedinformation transmission system for indoor positioningand navigation with particular benefits for mobile andwearable computers. It can seamlessly extend outdoorGPS tracking to the indoor environment.In a novel manner, fluorescent light is used as the mediumto transmit information, which is encoded by using apulse-frequency modulation technique. The user receivesthe encoded light information through a photoreceiver.The information is passed into the wearable or mobilecomputer after the data are decoded.This information allows positioning information to begiven to indoor mobile and wearable computers. Wedesign an economical transmitter circuit by adding a fewcomponents to a commercial electronic ballast circuit forfluorescent lamps with a price of less than 10 USD.The proposed system can be used in indoor guidance andnavigation applications. Exemplary applications areincluded in the paper, with experimented results detailed.AUTONOMOUS PEDESTRIAN COLLISION AVOIDANCEUSING A FUZZY STEERING CONTROLLERABSTRACTCollision avoidance is one of the most difficult andchallenging automatic driving operations in the domain ofintelligent vehicles. In emergency situations, humandrivers are more likely to brake than to steer, although theoptimal maneuver would, more frequently, be steeringalone.This statement suggests the use of automatic steering as apromising solution to avoid accidents in the future. Theobjective of this paper is to provide a collision avoidancesystem (CAS) for autonomous vehicles, focusing onpedestrian collision avoidance. The detection componentinvolves a stereo-vision-based pedestrian detectionsystem that provides suitable measurements of the time tocollision.The collision avoidance maneuver is performed usingfuzzy controllers for the actuators that mimic humanbehavior and reactions, along with a high-precision GlobalPositioning System (GPS), which provides the informationneeded for the autonomous navigation.The proposed system is evaluated in two steps. First,drivers' behavior and sensor accuracy are studied inexperiments carried out by manual driving. This study willbe used to define the parameters of the second step, inwhich automatic pedestrian collision avoidance is carriedout at speeds of up to 30 km/h. The performed field testsprovided encouraging results and proved the viability ofthe proposed approach.THE INTELLIGENT EMBEDDED CONTROLWARNING SYSTEM FOR CAR REVERSINGABSTRACTMost of the car drivers used the reverse radar or a reversecamera to detect the road situation behind the vehiclewhen it is engaged in reverse gear. As a matter of fact, thepedestrians can virtually know if the vehicle is backing upor not only by seeing the permanent bright reverse lamps.And as there is not much change with the reverse lamp tobe seen, therefore their warning function for pedestriansseems to be still insufficient eventually.Therefore, this research tries to design a set of embeddedintelligent car backup warning system so as to promotethe safety of the walkers or the other drivers on the road.This embedded system uses Microsoft Win CE operatingsystem and matches with the Mini2440 developing board. Italso uses the Visual Studio 2005 for developing theintelligent touch panel operating mode.The UART interface on the Mini 2440 developing boardcontrols the frequency converter, RC server and LED byusing PIC16F877 to transform the signal of the sensors.And then, connecting to the sensors of angle, luminosityand distance so as to read the voltage value of the sensorand transferring them into actual values and followed byusing 27 fuzzy logic rules to carry on the fuzzy logicdeduction. And the angle of the LED reverse lamp bracketis adjusted and driven automatically according to theresults of this logic deduction eventually.This research tries to do the simulated test by using amobile frame in the same height as a real automobile. Tolet the test mobile frame being located 240 cm away fromthe obstacle and then start the driven motor and set thefrequency of it to be with 60 Hz. (in other words, its speedis approximately in 2.52 Km/h.) the let the test mobileframe to stop at 40 cm in front of the obstacle.We found out that the warning lamp bracket installationangle will be changed correspondently with the distancebetween test mobile frame and obstacle and beingdeclined automatically from 90 degree to 0 degree.Apparently, from th- - e test results, it has been proventhat this system can reach the goal of automaticallycontrolled car back-up warning function truly.ADVANCEMENTS IN NONCONTACT, MULTIPARAMETERPHYSIOLOGICAL MEASUREMENTS USING A WEBCAMABSTRACTWe present a simple, low-cost method for measuringmultiple physiological parameters using a basic webcam.By applying independent component analysis on the colorchannels in video recordings, we extracted the bloodvolume pulse from the facial regions.Heart rate (HR), respiratory rate, and HR variability (HRV,an index for cardiac autonomic activity) were subsequentlyquantified and compared to corresponding measurementsusing Food and Drug Administration-approved sensors.High degrees of agreement were achieved between themeasurements across all physiological parameters. Thistechnology has significant potential for advancingpersonal health care and telemedicine.CLOSED-LOOP ANESTHETIC DRUG CONCENTRATIONESTIMATION USING CLINICAL-EFFECT FEEDBACKABSTRACTThis letter presents a novel closed-loop approach toanesthetic drug concentration estimation using clinical -effect measurement feedback. Compared with the openloopprediction used in current target-controlled infusionsystems, closed-loop estimation exploits the discrepancybetween the measured and predicted clinical effects tomake corrections to the drug-concentration estimate,achieving improved robustness against variability in thepatient pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics.A robust estimator, which processes drug administrationand clinical-effect measurements to estimate the plasmaandeffect-site drug concentrations, is designed using -synthesis theory. Initial proof of principle of the closedloopestimation is demonstrated using the Monte Carlosimulation of surgical procedures with a wide range ofpatient models.Closed-loop estimation results in statistically significantreductions in median percentage, median absolutepercentage, and maximum absolute percentage drugconcentrationerrors compared to open-loop prediction.MULTIPLE FUNCTIONAL ECG SIGNAL IS PROCESSINGFOR WEARABLE APPLICATIONS OF LONG-TERMCARDIAC MONITORINGABSTRACTIn this paper, an integrated electrocardiogram (ECG)signal-processing scheme is proposed. Using a systematicwavelet transform algorithm, this signal-processingscheme can realize multiple functions in real time,including baseline-drift removal, noise suppression, QRSdetection, heart beat rate prediction and classification, andclean ECG reconstruction.Utilizing the novel low-cost hardware architecture, theproposed ECG signal-processing scheme is implementedin application-specific integrated circuits with 0.18 ?mCMOS technology.This ECG signal-processor chip achieves low area andpower consumptions, and is highly suitable for wearableapplications of long-term cardiac monitoring.HEARTBEAT CLASSIFICATION USING FEATURESELECTION DRIVEN BY DATABASE GENERALIZATIONCRITERIAABSTRACTIn this paper, we studied and validated a simple heart beatclassifier based on ECG feature models selected with thefocus on an improved generalization capability. Weconsidered features from the RR series, as well as featurescomputed from the ECG samples and different scales ofthe wavelet transform, at both avail able leads.The classification performance and generalization werestudied using publicly available databases: the MIT-BIHArrhythmia, the MIT-BIH Supraventricular Arrhythmia, andthe St. Pe tersburg Institute of Cardiological Technics(INCART) databases. The Association for the Advancementof Medical Instrumentation recommendations for classlabeling and results presentation were followed.A floating feature selection algorithm was used to obtainthe best performing and generalizing models in thetraining and validation sets for different searchconfigurations. The best model found comprehends eightfeatures, was trained in a partition of the MIT-BIHArrhythmia, and was evaluated in a completely disjointpartition of the same database.The results obtained were: global accuracy of 93%; fornormal beats, sensitivity (S) 95%, positive predictive value(P+) 98%; for supraventricular beats, S 11%, P+ 39%; andfor ventricular beats S 81%, P+ 87%. In order to test thegeneralization capability, performance was also evaluatedin the INCART, with results comparable to those obtainedin the test set.This classifier model has fewer features and performsbetter than other state-of-the-art methods with resultssuggesting better generalization capability.MONITORING OF POSTURE ALLOCATIONS ANDACTIVITIES BY A SHOE-BASED WEARABLE SENSORABSTRACTMonitoring of posture allocations and activities enablesaccurate estimation of energy expenditure and may aid inobesity prevention and treatment. At present, accuratedevices rely on multiple sensors distributed on the bodyand thus may be too obtrusive for everyday use.This paper presents a novel wearable sensor, which iscapable of very accurate recognition of common posturesand activities. The patterns of heel acceleration andplantar pressure uniquely characterize postures andtypical activities while requiring minimal preprocessingand no feature extraction. The shoe sensor was tested innine adults performing sitting and standing postures andwhile walking, running, stair ascent/descent and cycling.Support vector machines (SVMs) were used forclassification. A fourfold validation of a six-class subjectindependentgroup model showed 95.2% average accuracyof posture/activity classification on full sensor set andover 98% on optimized sensor set.Using a combination of acceleration/pressure also enableda pronounced reduction of the sampling frequency (25 to 1Hz) with out significant loss of accuracy (98% versus 93%).Subjects had shoe sizes (US) M9.5-11 and W7-9 and bodymass index from 18.1 to 39.4 kg/m2 and thus suggestingthat the device can be used by individuals with varyinganthropometric characteristics.A WEB-BASED SYSTEM FOR HOME MONITORING OFPATIENTS WITH PARKINSON'S DISEASE USINGWEARABLE SENSORSABSTRACTThis letter introduces MercuryLive, a platform to enablehome monitoring of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD)using wearable sensors. MercuryLive contains three tiers:a resource-aware data collection engine that relies uponwearable sensors, web services for live streaming andstorage of sensor data, and a web-based graphical userinterface client with video conferencing capability.Besides, the platform has the capability of analyzingsensor (i.e., accelerometer) data to reliably estimateclinical scores capturing the severity of tremor,bradykinesia, and dyskinesia.Testing results showed an average data latency of lessthan 400 ms and video latency of about 200 ms with videoframe rate of about 13 frames/s when 800 kb/s ofbandwidth were available and we used a 40% videocompression, and data feature upload requiring 1 min ofextra time following a 10 min interactive session.These results indicate that the proposed platform issuitable to monitor patients with PD to facilitate thetitration of medications in the late stages of the disease.MAPPING AND PURSUIT-EVASION STRATEGIES FOR ASIMPLE WALL-FOLLOWING ROBOTABSTRACTThis paper defines and analyzes a simple robot with localsensors that moves in an unknown polygonalenvironment. The robot can execute wall-followingmotions and can traverse the interior of the environmentonly when following parallel to an edge.The robot has no global sensors that would allow precisemapping or localization. Special information spaces areintroduced for this particular model.Using these, strategies are presented to solve severaltasks:1) counting vertices,2) computing the path winding number,3) learning a combinatorial map, which is called the cutordering, that encodes partial geometric information, and4) solving pursuit-evasion problems.METHODS AND TECHNOLOGIES FOR THEIMPLEMENTATION OF LARGE-SCALE ROBOT TACTILESENSORSABSTRACTEven though the sense of touch is crucial for humans,most humanoid robots lack tactile sensing. While a largenumber of sensing technologies exist, it is not trivial toincorporate them into a robot. We have developed acompliant “skin” for humanoids that integrates adistributed pressure sensor based on capacitivetechnology.The skin is modular and can be deployed on nonflatsurfaces. Each module scans locally a limited number oftactile-sensing elements and sends the data through aserial bus. This is a critical advantage as it reduces thenumber of wires.The resulting system is compact and has beensuccessfully integrated into three different humanoidrobots. We have performed tests that show that the sensorhas favorable characteristics and implemented algorithmsto compensate the hysteresis and drift of the sensor.Experiments with the humanoid robot iCub prove that thesensors can be used to grasp unmodeled, fragile objects.TWO-FLEXIBLE-FINGERS GRIPPER FORCE FEEDBACKCONTROL SYSTEM FOR ITS APPLICATION AS ENDEFFECTOR ON A 6-DOF MANIPULATORABSTRACTFlexible manipulators have many advantages over rigidrobots when used in grasping tasks, owing to thecharacteristic flexibility of the materials used in theirconstruction, which allow them to absorb energy duringimpact and make them controllable in order to limit theforce applied during contact. In this paper, a two-flexiblefingergripper with a simple sensory feedback system isproposed.A generalized proportional-integral controller isimplemented to acquire high control accuracy, whileeliminating the need for derivatives of system output. Theperformance of this force feedback control system isinvestigated when mounted on a 6-degree-of-freedom (6-DOF) manipulator and grasping different objects.The experimental results indicate that the systemproposed is able to manipulate different types of objects(both rigid and flexible) in an industrial environment byperfectly controlling the applied contact torque.UNICURSAL GESTURE INTERFACE FOR TV REMOTE WITHTOUCH SCREENSABSTRACTWe propose a new gesture interface based on unicursalfigures for TV control via touch-screen personal devices.The interface is a powerful but simple way of accessingthe multiple functions of modern TVs.Unicursal figures are made without lifting the thumb fromthe screen and sequences of commands can be issuedwithout needing to confirm the thumb's position. Trial useconfirms the feasibility of this interface.CONTACTLESS GESTURE RECOGNITION SYSTEM USINGPROXIMITY SENSORSABSTRACTIn this paper, we present a novel contactless gesturerecognition system using proximity sensors. A set ofinfrared signal feature extraction methods and a decisiontree-based gesture classifier are proposed.The system allows a user to interact with mobile devicesusing intuitive gestures, without touching the screen orwearing/holding any additional device.Evaluation results show that the system is low-power, andable to recognize 3D gestures with over 98% precision inreal time.TOUCH-SCREEN TERMINAL APPLICATION FOR REMOTEDATA BASED ON AUTHORIZED ACCESSABSTRACTTouch-screen all-in-one-machine is the simplest, mostconvenient and most natural human-computer interactionmethod as a new kind of computer input devices.For the disadvantages of the current touch screen systemssuch as the relatively simple function of the system andthe lack of security features, this paper proposes acommon software interface, which makes use of B/S modeto realize the browsing of the remote data, provides theauthorized access mechanism based on Web secureaccess control, and achieves classification access of theremote data.GESTURE CONTROL AND THE NEW AND INTELLIGENTMAN-MACHINE INTERFACEABSTRACTSummary form only given. Human-computer interfaces(HCI) have evolved from mouse-keyboard basedinteraction using text and mouse events to multi-touchscreens and other exotic approaches such as usingspecial gloves or other devices to translate human actionsinto application controls.One of the trends which are “en vogue” in our days is thecontrol of computer applications and/or computercontrolled devices using human gestures and/or bodymovements. There were and still are a series of attempts toproduce computer control scripts via gesture basedinterfaces, and research literature is abundant in paperson this subject.However, little or few are of value, as the computer basedcontrol via gestures has to be robust and in real -time. Anylag in the result can lead to users abandoning it. Morerecently, 3D IR cameras provide a promised path toproduce depth images. The depth information extracted bythe 3D IR camera is mapped to different grey levels in ablack and white image.This image is finally interpreted by image processingsuites. 3D IR cameras use near-infrared illumination,allowing objects that are closer to the camera to appearbrighter than the rest. This means that computer visionsoftware modules can much more accurately distinguishhands and fingers from the rest of a person's body, even incomplete darkness.In this talk, we will discuss various technologies to beused to build a 3D IR Camera, review which will befinalized with a discussion of the 3D IR Camera designedand implemented by our group. Based on data provided bythe 3D IR Camera a series of related image processingapplications will be discussed.A demonstration, of a 3D IR camera system will bepresented and applications related to gaming, learning,and immersion in a 3D virtual reality space will be given atthe PUTATIONALLY EFFICIENT NAVIGATION SYSTEMFOR UNMANNED GROUND VEHICLESABSTRACTThis paper proposes to enhance the existing methods ofSelf-Supervised Learning (SSL) with application toautonomous navigation systems through efficientcomputational approaches that are the principalrequirements in a practical system.First, confidence-based auto labeling for self-supervisedlearning is introduced which identifies and eliminates theinput samples with low confidence level that aresusceptible to be mislabeled. Then, a biologically inspiredsaliency detection approach for feature biasing ispresented which is able to detect the salient featuresthrough top-down task specific guidance.The proposed methods are general and can be applied to avariety of applications. Finally, experimental results onreal datasets from the DARPA-LAGR program are given toillustrate the effectiveness of the proposed approaches.CONSTRUCTION OF AN OBSTACLE MAP AND ITSREALTIME IMPLEMENTATION ON AN UNMANNEDGROUND VEHICLEABSTRACTThis paper presents the development of an obstaclemapping system based on the concept of a ProbabilisticThreat Exposure Map (PTEM). The paper also discussesthe realtime embedded implementation of this obstaclemapping system on a small Unmanned Ground Vehicle(UGV) to support realtime obstacle avoidance.These activities are a part of a larger effort to establish atheoretical foundation for autonomous and cooperativemulti-UxV guidance solutions in adversarial environments.-AN INTELLIGENT LOW-COST SCANNING RANGE FINDERABSTRACTIn this paper, we present an intelligent, low-cost scanningrange finder for collision avoidance on systems withlimited processing power. Our range finder is made lowcost and computationally efficient by taking intoconsideration the actual planning needs for local obstacleavoidance algorithms to dynamically select the area tosample range measurements from.We present a modified version of Trajectory Rollout whichtakes into account the limited sensory, and present asensory sampling strategy based on the needs of thistrajectory planner.Finally, we present the construction and deployment of thesensor on a robot in both telepresence and autonomousoperation.-DESIGN OF A POWER-ASSIST WHEELCHAIR FORPERSONS WITH HEMIPLEGIAABSTRACTPersons with hemiplegia often require a one arm drivewheelchair. Current designs exhibit substantially degradedperformance when compared to a standard manualwheelchair. A power-assist, one arm drive wheelchair wasdeveloped that was maneuverable, foldable and easy tooperate.A motor powers the wheel on the user's affected side,encoders on both rear wheels track wheel positions and arotary heel interface mounted on a footrest controlssteering. A control system analyzes wheel and steeringpositions and responds to the motion of the hand-drivenwheel.The prototype met and exceeded predetermined designspecifications based on standard industry test procedures.The power-assist components could be attached to a widerange of manual wheelchairs with only minimalmodifications.-CONTROL LAYER FOR MULTI-VENDOR INDUSTRIALROBOT INTERACTION PROVIDING INTEGRATION OFSUPERVISORY PROCESS CONTROL ANDMULTIFUNCTIONAL CONTROL UNITSABSTRACTBased on recent industrial needs for a flexible integrationof supervisory control systems and novel intuitive manualcontrol units a new control layer is introduced. The controllayer affords adaptive behaviour in terms of process andmotion planning as well as flexible manual control ofarbitrary robot controllers. It is located between theindustrial robot controller and the control units.For the purpose of a flexible manufacturer-independentaccess to the robot controller we define an object -orientedprogramming interface. The set of robot commands ismanufacturer-independent and includes all basic robotfunctions regarding motion and program control.An inherent capability of the control layer is thetransformation of neutral object-oriented robot commandsto manufacturer-specific robot languages. With anemphasis on the development of a flexible control layer,we aim for a media-independent communication solution.In order to cover a broad range of robotic applications,different communication standards of industrialautomation are implemented.Finally, two applications, a smartphone robot control and adistributed robot control system, are presented anddiscussed.-DYNAMIC MODELING AND ENERGY CONSUMPTIONANALYSIS OF CRAB WALKING OF A SIX-LEGGED ROBOTABSTRACTIn this paper, an attempt has been made to develop adetailed dynamic model of a realistic six-legged robotduring its crab motion. An energy consumption model hasbeen derived for statically stable wave-crab gaits afterconsidering a minimum of dissipating energy for optimalfeet forces distributions.Two approaches, such as minimization of norm of feetforces and minimization of norm of joint torques havebeen developed. The performances of these approacheshave been compared with each other for different values ofduty factor.The effects of walking parameters, namely velocity, stroke,duty factor and crab angle are studied on energyconsumption during crab walking. Wave gait with a lowerduty factor is found to be more energy-efficient comparedto that with the higher duty factor at the highest possiblevelocity.-INTELLIGENT OBSTACLE AVOIDENCE SYSTEM DESIGNOF AN UNMANNED GROUND VEHICLE WITH STEREOVISIONABSTRACTThe main theme of this paper is to develop a navigationvehicle system without GPS. With stereo vision, thegeographic information ahead of the vehicle is obtained bythe principle of plane induced parallax. The profiles of leftand right vision are acquired by Canny Edge Detectionalgorithm.Then, an intersection line of the obstacle and the levelground is found by the way of image processing. Finally,the position and distance of the obstacle is calculated bythe homography matrix method.Integrating the above-distributed schemes unmannedvehicle can avoid collisions with obstacles and arrive atthe target in difference scenario. Experimental resultsshow that the proposed navigation and controlmethodology are practicable.WIND ESTIMATION AND AIRSPEED CALIBRATION USINGA UAV WITH A SINGLE-ANTENNA GPS RECEIVER ANDPITOT TUBEABSTRACTThis paper proposes a method that uses an aircraft with asingle-antenna GPS receiver and Pitot tube to estimatewind speed and direction and to calibrate the airspeed.This sensor combination alone does not determine the trueattitude of the aircraft, so the wind parameters cannot beobtained directly from the measurements.However, if the aircraft flies at different headings, such asin banking turns or circle maneuvers, the wind magnitudeand direction can be estimated from the geometricalrelation between the wind and the measurements. Anextended Kalman filter (EKF) is applied to estimate windparameters.The EKF can also estimate the scaling factor used toconvert dynamic pressure to airspeed. This is useful forthe operation of small unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs)because of difficulty in determining the airspeed scalingfactor of a low-cost UAV.Simulations are performed for a constant 2-D wind. To testthe effectiveness of the proposed method, flight tests of asmall UAV are conducted. Simulations and flight testresults show that the proposed method is effective.A TALKING ROBOT AND ITS HUMAN-LIKE EXPRESSIVESPEECH PRODUCTIONABSTRACTA talking robot which adaptively learns the vocalizationskill by an auditory feedback learning is being developed.The talking robot is constructed by the mechanical vocalsystems, which respectively correspond to human organs.In vocalization, the vibration of vocal cords generates asource sound, and then the sound wave is led to a vocaltract, which works as a resonance filter to determine thespectrum envelope.The talking robot autonomously learns the vocalization byapplying auditory feedback. In this study, a human-likeexpressive speech production by the talking robot isintroduced. A human generates speech by controlling theirown vocal organs for changing the speech expressionssuch as the volume and the intonations.To realize the human-like expressive speech production, acontrol method for the mechanical organs has to beestablished. In the first part of the paper, the constructionof the talking robot and the acquisition of the vocalizationwill be described, and then the control method forproducing human-like speech with various expressionswill be introduced.-A PATROLLING SCHEME IN WIRELESS SENSOR ANDROBOT NETWORKSABSTRACTIn this paper, we design a bio-inspired patrolling algorithmbased on digital pheromone. As events have differentimportance, we refer to them as having different priorities.In our patrolling schemes, robots efficiently handle asmany high priority events as possible. Inspired by thepheromone-based communication among ants, weintroduce the concept of digital pheromones and proposea digital pheromone-based patrolling algorithm.Digital pheromones are introduced to denote the priority ofan event. The main purpose of this algorithm is to leadrobots to handle more events with higher priorities.Simulations demonstrate the impact of robots' patrolspeed, speed of robots' handling events, etc.-DYNAMIC VEHICLE ROUTING FOR ROBOTIC SYSTEMSABSTRACTRecent years have witnessed great advancements in thescience and technology of autonomy, robotics andnetworking. This paper surveys recent concepts andalgorithms for dynamic vehicle routing (DVR), that is, forthe automatic planning of optimal multi-vehicle routes toperform tasks that are generated over time by anexogenous process.We consider a rich variety of scenarios relevant for roboticapplications. We begin by reviewing the basic DVRproblem: demands for service arrive at random locationsat random times and a vehicle travels to provide on-siteservice while minimizing the expected wait time of thedemands.Next, we treat different multi-vehicle scenarios based ondifferent models for demands (e.g., demands with differentpriority levels and impatient demands), vehicles (e.g.,motion constraints, communication and sensingcapabilities), and tasks. The performance criterion used inthese scenarios is either the expected wait time of thedemands or the fraction of demands serviced successfully.In each specific DVR scenario, we adopt a rigoroustechnical approach that relies upon methods fromqueueing theory, combinatorial optimization andstochastic geometry.First, we establish fundamental limits on the achievableperformance, including limits on stability and quality ofservice. Second, we design algorithms, and provideprovable guarantees on their performance with respect tothe fundamental limits.-SITUATION-DRIVEN CONTROL OF A ROBOTICWHEELCHAIR TO FOLLOW A CAREGIVERABSTRACTRecently, several robotic/intelligent wheelchairs that haveautonomous functions to get to some goals or userfriendlyinterfaces, have been proposed. Although it isdesirable for wheelchair users to go out alone, caregiversoften accompany them.Therefore it is important to consider reducing caregivers'load and support their activities. Hence, we have proposeda robotic wheelchair that can move with a caregiver sideby side by observing his/her behaviors such as bodyposition and orientation.This way of motion enables easy communication betweenthe wheelchair user and the caregiver. However,caregivers cannot always move with the wheelchair sideby side. For instance, they may step forward of thewheelchair to open a door, and they may step aside whenpedestrians are approaching in narrow corridors.To cope with these situations we propose a new roboticwheelchair that can move with a caregiver collaborativelydepending on the situation. A laser range sensor is usedfor observing the environment around the wheelchair.When any obstacles are found in its travelling direction,the wheelchair gives up moving with the caregiver side byside and follows him/her behind. When the caregiver stopsat a door, the wheelchair waits for him/her to open thedoor and follows him/her while avoiding obstacles.The wheelchair returns to move side by side with thecaregiver when it enters wide space. We propose a motioncontrol method based on the potential field method, whichenables the wheelchair to take an appropriate position withrespect to the caregiver depending on the situation.OBSTACLE AVOIDANCE IN MOBILE ROBOT USINGNEURAL NETWORKInvestigate mobile robot's history, obstacle avoidance isone of most important research area and also thefoundation of building robot's successful behaviors.This paper proposes a Neural Network control system thatis able to guide the mobile robots (AmigoBot and P3DX)traverse through a maze with arbitrary obstacles. Thepattern is trained by using Matlab toolbox and Aria libraryfor motion control.There are 256 specific patterns defined to help robotorganize the situation. For input data, sonar and laserrange finder are two main sensors for passing oninformation of environment.The empirical results show the effectiveness and thevalidity of the obstacle avoidance behavior of NeuralNetwork control strategy.THE REMOTE CONTROL OF MOBILE ROBOT BASED ONEMBEDDED TECHNOLOGYABSTRACTAlong with the development of society, the remote controlof mobile robot has broad prospect of application. With thecontinuous development of embedded system, the systemprovides excellent hardware platform for embedded mobilerobot.With embedded WinCE5.0 operating system, This paperput forward a kind of remote control method of mobilerobots. The experiments had proved the embedded mobilerobot has low power consumption and strong real-timecontrol. It also had proved the validity of this method.DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF A BALL-SHOOTINGROBOT WITH IR-BASED EMBEDDED VISIONABSTRACTThe purpose of this paper is to design and construct anentertainment robot with sports skills. The robot basicaction involves the robot movement and ball throwing. Thedesired tasks can be achieved through vision and motorscoordination.Robot itself is equipped with DC and servo motors in orderto drive the wheels and arm, the Wiimote for sensing the IRtarget, and Bluetooth modules to communicate with thecentral controller.The demonstration shows robot's autonomous basketballthrowing and target hitting capability with high precision.SELF-PACED BRAIN-CONTROLLED WHEELCHAIRMETHODOLOGY WITH SHARED AND AUTOMATEDASSISTIVE CONTROLThe consistency and reliability of the brain computerinterface (BCI) system is often questioned to be safe forcontrolling a wheelchair as BCIs characteristicallyexperience a low signal-to-noise ratio and lowclassification accuracy.Electroencephalogram (EEG) acquired non-invasivelyconsists of multiple time-series which are highlycorrelated because of volume conduction and ambientnoises, thus providing a rather blurred image of the brainactivity. This low signal-to-noise ratio and low spatialresolution of the data can degrade the translationalperformance of the BCI.To overcome the low classification accuracy and theuncertainty in commands of the BCI systems, the user hasto impart additional concentration and time to navigate thewheelchair to the desired location.This paper presents a brain-controlled wheelchair (BCW)control strategy that reduces the total time required tocomplete a task and the concentration effort imparted bythe user.Two BCW approaches are investigated in this work; asynchronous BCW and a self-paced BCW. Thesemethodologies involve a shared control methodologybetween the BCI/user component and the automatedassistive control (AAC) component.The proposed BCW strategies are compared to state-ofthe-art BCW control methodologies available in theliterature. The results show that the proposed methods notonly reduce the concentration time but also provide a saferand reliable control compared to other BCWs.-AUTOMATED VOICE BASED HOME NAVIGATION SYSTEMFOR THE ELDERLY AND THE PHYSICALLY CHALLENGEDABSTRACTIn this paper, we propose an Intelligent Home NavigationSystem (IHNS) which comprises of a wheelchair, voicemodule and navigation module. It can be used by anelderly or physically challenged person to move inside thehome without any difficulty. It's common that the eldersforget the way to the different rooms in house and thephysically challenged people find it hard to move thewheel chair without external aid.By making use of IHNS, elderly and the physicallychallenged can go to different rooms in the house likekitchen, living room, dining room etc by just speaking aword which is predefined to that particular room.The voice of the person is detected by voice capturemodule which will be compared by voice recognitionmodule with predefined voices loaded in to the system.According to the received voice, the destination isautomatically understood and the wheelchair movesaccording to the route which is predefined. It is alsoequipped with obstacle avoidance technique, where theperson may not be able to provide proper voices at theright time.The wheel chair can automatically navigate from one pointto the other in the home as per predefined route based onthe voice received. Thus the above proposed system canbe used by elderly and physically challenged people in dayto day life even if they are alone at home.PATH FOLLOWING SYSTEM OF SMALL UNMANNEDAUTONOMOUS VEHICLE FOR SURVEILLANCEAPPLICATIONABSTRACTA path following flight control is developed to beimplemented in a small UAV system. The path followingcontrol is designed such that the UAV is able to followsmooth flight-paths within its maneuvering capabilities.Payload space, weight, and power source constraintsdictate the system to be designed with limited applicationof sensors and actuators, while it is still required to beable to perform its mission within a predefined measures.The control scheme is intended to be able to steer the UAVflight close to a predefined path and control its headingangle accordingly.The controller principally works by driving the cross-trackand course angle errors of the UAV flight, relative to thedesired path, to zero, through performing Bank to Turn(BTT) maneuvers. The system generates correctivecommands based on the error information and transformsit into a heading change via roll maneuver.The roll maneuver controller is designed using LQRtechnique such that it can provide an appropriate rolldynamics of the UAV. Simulation results will be presentedand analyzed to investigate the performance of theproposed system.HAZARDOUS GAS DETECTING METHOD APPLIED INCOAL MINE DETECTION ROBOTABSTRACTAs one of the largest coal production and consumptioncountries in the world, China is also one of the relatedaccidents occurred frequently countries such as gasexplosion, flood, breaking out of fire during theexploitation of coal mine.Coal Mine Detection Robot can be substituted or partialsubstituted for emergency workers to enter the mine shaftdisaster site and detect hazardous gas and do someenvironmental exploration and surveying task. Coal MineDetection Robot uses infra-red spectrum absorption wayto detect methane, carbon monoxide and such gassimultaneously.The principle of gas survey meter of infra-red spectrum isaccording to the selectively absorption of infraredradiation by the mash gas, CO to achieve the detection oftheir concentration. The advantages of this kind ofhazardous gas detecting are: simultaneously and rapidlydetecting methane, CO and high sensitivity, goodselectivity and fast response.Otherwise, it is easy to be taken by robot due to its simpleand light structure, have a lager detection range and probeis not easy failure to be poisoning and aging.IMPLEMENTATION OF CAN BUS IN AN AUTONOMOUSALL-TERRAIN VEHICLEABSTRACTThe main purpose of this effort is to design anautonomous all terrain vehicle which uses a CAN bus. Thepaper describes the operation and advantages of the CANprotocol in automobiles. The ATV used for this design is aHonda Four Trax Rancher AT and a brief explanation of theparts in the ATV is provided.The Renesas RX62N microcontroller is used as a CANcontroller which creates a single two wire bus throughwhich electronic control units (ECU) in the automobilescommunicate. The working of the CAN protocol on theRX62N has been explained with the help of pseudo code.BIOMETRIC ATTENDANCE SYSTEMABSTRACTThis research work has application for attendance systemof employer's and students in general. The system willfacilitate institutions/ organization to make attendanceindividual in time along with data information thumbimpression will be taken as a signature for the systementry. Main design and challenge in this system is thedesign of database architecture and its business logic.AUTOMATED VOICE BASED HOME NAVIGATION SYSTEMFOR THE ELDERLY AND THE PHYSICALLY CHALLENGEDABSTRACTIn this paper, we propose an Intelligent Home NavigationSystem (IHNS) which comprises of a wheelchair, voicemodule and navigation module. It can be used by anelderly or physically challenged person to move inside thehome without any difficulty.It's common that the elders forget the way to the differentrooms in house and the physically challenged people findit hard to move the wheel chair without external aid. Bymaking use of IHNS, elderly and the physically challengedcan go to different rooms in the house like kitchen, livingroom, dining room etc by just speaking a word which ispredefined to that particular room.The voice of the person is detected by voice capturemodule which will be compared by voice recognitionmodule with predefined voices loaded in to the system.According to the received voice, the destination isautomatically understood and the wheelchair movesaccording to the route which is predefined.It is also equipped with obstacle avoidance technique,where the person may not be able to provide proper voicesat the right time. The wheel chair can automaticallynavigate from one point to the other in the home as perpredefined route based on the voice received. Thus theabove proposed system can be used by elderly andphysically challenged people in day to day life even if theyare alone at home.---A TRANSFORMERLESS MEDIUM-VOLTAGE STATCOMTOPOLOGY BASED ON EXTENDED MODULARMULTILEVEL CONVERTERSABSTRACTA new transformerless four-leg topology is suggested forshunt compensation, the modular multilevel converters(MMC) based on the half-bridge converters, to achievehigher performance as a STATCOM in a distorted andunbalanced medium-voltage large-current (MV-LC) system.Further, an extended MMC (EMMC) is proposed in order tomanage more accurate compensation for high-powerapplications. Both proposals can be controlled for variouspurposes such as reactive power and unbalancecompensation, voltage regulation, and harmoniccancellation. Moreover, related control strategies are alsosuggested for both the MMC and the EMMC to ensure thatthe source-end three-phase currents are sinusoidal andbalanced. Also, the dc-link capacitors of the half-bridgeconverters are regulated.One interesting application for the EMMC-based STATCOMcould be the improvement in power quality andperformance of the electrified railway traction powersupply system.Both the MMC- and the EMMC-based STATCOM along withtheir proposed control strategies were simulated; further,to verify the suggestions, these proposals were alsoimplemented on a 30-kVA modular laboratory prototype.Experiments and simulations confirm the predefinedobjectives.AN INTEGRATED-CONTROLLED AC/DC INTERFACE FORMICROSCALE WIND POWER GENERATION SYSTEMSABSTRACTIn this paper, a novel ac/dc interface with an integratedcontroller is proposed for the microscale wind powergeneration system (WPGS). The proposed interface ismainly composed of a dynamic maximum power pointtracking (MPPT) control and a half-controlled single-stagerectifier with an integrated control.The half-controlled single-stage rectifier is proposed toreplace the widely used two-stage converter for improvingthe current total harmonics distortion (THD) as well as theefficiency. The analytic expressions of the duty ratios forcontrolling the rectifier are also derived.Moreover, the dynamic response of the wind turbine andthe extracted wind power are enhanced by the integrateddynamic MPPT control. Finally, from the experimentalresults, it can be seen that the current THD is reduced toaround 5%, and the total efficiency is increased by about12%-15% depending on the wind speed variations.AN INTELLIGENT BLIND ROD AND NAVIGATIONPLATFORM BASED ON ZIGBEE TECHNOLOGYABSTRACTThis article introduces an intelligent blind rod andnavigation platform based on ZigBee technology. Thisblind rod can detect and analyze the situation on road andwarn the blind to avoid obstacles by ultrasonicmeasurement.The navigation platform based on ZigBee technology canhelp the blind know different directions the path leads to.This intelligent blind rod can better serve for the blind'sindependent travel.A NOTE ON FINGERPRINT RECOGNITION SYSTEMSABSTRACTAmong all the techniques developed for personalauthentication, fingerprint recognition system is the mostvisible one due to its wide range of successfulapplications in many disciplines such as computersystems security, secure electronic banking, mobilephones, credit cards, secure access to buildings, healthand social services, etc. This paper presents a note onfingerprint recognition systems.A NEW SINGLE-PHASE SOFT-SWITCHING POWERFACTOR CORRECTION CONVERTERABSTRACTIn this paper, single-phase soft-switching power factorcorrection (PFC) circuit is developed with a new activesnubber cell. This active snubber cell provides zerovoltagetransition turn ON and zero-current transition turnOFF for the main switch without any extra current orvoltage stresses.Auxiliary switch is turned ON and OFF with zero-currentswitching (ZCS) without additional voltage stress.Although, there is a current stress on the auxiliary switch,it is decreased by diverting a part of the current to theoutput side with coupling inductance.The output current and voltage are controlled by theproposed PFC converter in very wide line and load range.This PFC converter has simple structure, low cost, andease of control as well.In this study, a detailed steady-state analysis of the newconverter is presented, and this theoretical analysis isverified exactly by 100 kHz and 300 W prototypes. Thisprototype has 98% total efficiency and 0.99 power factorwith sinusoidal current shape.A REAL MAXIMUM POWER POINT TRACKING METHODFOR MISMATCHING COMPENSATION IN PV ARRAYUNDER PARTIALLY SHADED CONDITIONSABSTRACTConventional popular maximum power point tracking(MPPT) methods are effective under uniform solarirradiance. However, under solar irradiance mismatchingconditions [partially shaded conditions (PSCs)], theseMPPTs can fail for real MPPT (RMPPT), because multiplelocal maxima can be exhibited on the power-voltagecharacteristic curve.Although some researchers have worked on RMPPT underpartial shading conditions, the methods have somedrawbacks in terms of complexity and requirements foradditional circuits, etc. In this paper, a novel MPPT methodcapable of RMPPT under PSCs is proposed.The performance of the proposed MPPT method isanalyzed according to the RMPP position and is verified bysimulation and experimental results.A MINIMUM POWER-PROCESSING-STAGE FUEL-CELLENERGY SYSTEM BASED ON A BOOST-INVERTER WITHA BIDIRECTIONAL BACKUP BATTERY STORAGEABSTRACTWhen low-voltage unregulated fuel-cell (FC) output isconditioned to generate ac power, two stages are required:a boost stage and an inversion one. In this paper, theboost-inverter topology that achieves both boosting andinversion functions in a single stage is used to develop anFC-based energy system that offers high conversionefficiency, low-cost, and compactness.The proposed system incorporates additional batterybasedenergy storage and a dc-dc bidirectional converterto support instantaneous load changes. The output voltageof the boost-inverter is voltage-mode controlled and thedc-dc bidirectional converter is current-mode controlled.The load low-frequency current ripple is supplied by thebattery, which minimizes the effects of such ripple beingdrawn directly from the FC itself. Analysis, simulation, andexperimental results are presented to confirm theoperational performance of the proposed system.A HIGH POWER DENSITY SINGLE-PHASE PWM RECTIFIERWITH ACTIVE RIPPLE ENERGY STORAGEABSTRACTIt is well known that single-phase pulse width modulationrectifiers have second-order harmonic currents andcorresponding ripple voltages on the dc bus. The lowfrequencyharmonic current is normally filtered using abulk capacitor in the bus, which results in low powerdensity.However, pursuing high power density in converter designis a very important goal in the aerospace applications. Thispaper studies methods for reducing the energy storagecapacitor for single-phase rectifiers.The minimum ripple energy storage requirement is derivedindependently of a specific topology. Based on theminimum ripple energy requirement, the feasibility of theactive capacitor's reduction schemes is verified.Then, we propose a bidirectional buck-boost converter asthe ripple energy storage circuit, which can effectivelyreduce the energy storage capacitance. The analysis anddesign are validated by simulation and experimentalresults.INTELLIGENT ONLINE MEASUREMENT ANDMANAGEMENT OF ENERGY METER DATA THROUGHADVANCED WIRELESS NETWORKABSTRACTRecently the Electrical supply companies are trying toadopt the electronic measurement of energy consumptiondata because of reduced manufacturing cost, improvedmeasurement accuracy, increased timely information,miniature size and many other benefits that go well beyondthe traditional rotor-plate energy meter type.In this paper with the help of an energy chip, an improvedenergy metering solution is developed, where automatingthe progression of measurement through digital wirelesscommunication technique is adopted to get the abovebenefits along with smooth control. The developed energymeter calculates the total average active power mainly forresidential consumers.The hardware circuit accepts single phase voltage andcurrents as its inputs and provides the output in the formof logic data proportional to the average real power.This data is fed to a remote computer server through thewireless ZigBee network that represents the concept ofdistant wireless metering, practically involving nomanpower. This paper also presents a software solutiondeveloped for total electrical energy billing and datamanagement system.HYBRID WIRELESS COMMUNICATION SYSTEM USINGZIGBEE AND WIFI TECHNOLOGY IN THE COALMINETUNNELSABSTRACTWireless Sensor Network (WSN) used under the coalminetunnel is an emerging area of research that promises toprovide reliable and flexible communication. This paperfirst discussed the best working frequency about the WSNin coalmine.Then, according to the actual circumstances of coal mine,the network structure should adopt cluster-tree topology.We also develop a multifunction communication wirelesssystem using ZigBee and WiFi technology, which canachieve the functions of gas monitoring, wirelesscommunication, personnel management and videosurveillance, etc.Practical applications showed that the multifunctioncommunication system can satisfy the need of dispatchcommunication and safety monitor in the coal mine tunnel.FAULT-TOLERANT TORQUE CONTROL OF BLDCMOTORSABSTRACTFault tolerance is critical for servomotors used in high-riskapplications, such as aerospace, robots, and military.These motors should be capable of continued functionaloperation, even if insulation failure or open-circuit of awinding occur.This paper presents a fault-tolerant (FT) torque controllerfor brushless dc (BLdc) motors that can maintain accuratetorque production with minimum power dissipation, even ifone of its phases fails. The distinct feature of the FTcontroller is that it is applicable to BLdc motors with anyback-electromotive-force waveform.First, an observer estimates the phase voltages from amodel based on Fourier coefficients of the motorwaveform. The faulty phases are detected from thecovariance of the estimation error. Subsequently, thephase currents of the remaining phases are optimallyreshaped so that the motor accurately generates torque asrequested while minimizing power loss subject tomaximum current limitation of the current amplifiers.Experimental results illustrate the capability of the FTcontroller to achieve ripple-free torque performance duringa phase failure at the expenses of increasing the mean andmaximum power loss by 28% and 68% and decreasing themaximum motor torque by 49%.FINGERID: A NEW SECURITY MODEL BASED ONFINGERPRINT RECOGNITION FOR DISTRIBUTEDSYSTEMSABSTRACTThe current practice of password based security fordistributed systems in general and the Internet inparticular is inadequate. Besides, remembering a plethoraof long passwords and pass phrases sometimes as manyas 15 or 20 is cumbersome.This raises the need to introduce a better and more reliableauthentication mechanism which is not dependent on aseries of characters, but rather on a technology that isunique and only possessed by the individual. Similarservices already exist, and they are good in somesituations, but prove to be inadequate under othercircumstances.Overall, three main requirements of the everyday Internetuser remain unaddressed – freedom from memorizingmany passwords and pass phrases; convenience and easeof use; and security.The present paper attempts to offer an answer to all theseproblems by just one solution, named FingerID. Thecontribution of this study is of considerable significance,as it would revolutionize the way Internet security ismanaged.HIGH-EFFICIENCY REGULATION METHOD FOR A ZEROCURRENTAND ZERO-VOLTAGE CURRENT-FED PUSH–PULL CONVERTERABSTRACTA new high-efficiency regulation method for a zero-currentand zero-voltage current-fed push-pull converter ispresented. The method proposed is based on the use of acontrolled transformer as a post-regulator, which adds orsubtracts an additional voltage to the output filter of theconverter.An auxiliary regulator, which only handles a percentage ofthe output power, controls this transformer, and therefore,results in much higher efficiency than a normalpreregulator would have. The novelty of the presentedconverter is that regulation is achieved without affectingthe zero-voltage and zero-current switching in any workingconditions.Small- and large-signal models of the converter have beendeveloped and a low-power prototype has been simulatedand implemented. The good agreement, between theexperimental simulations and theoretical results, validatesthe theoretical developments.DYNAMIC MODELING AND ENERGY CONSUMPTIONANALYSIS OF CRAB WALKING OF A SIX-LEGGED ROBOTABSTRACTThe superior terrain adaptability and maneuverabilitycharacteristics of multi-legged robots compared towheeled or tracked vehicles for off-road locomotionmotivated the development of six-legged walking robots.Six-legged robot might be used for locating and disarmingbombs, extinguishing fires, underground mining to recovernatural resources, explorations of ocean floors andplanets, and others, where a human cannot sustain orwhich would be dangerous for him/her. However, withtoday’s technologies, the legged systems have thedisadvantages of pay load to weight ratio, and poor energyefficiency.An autonomous walking robot cannot functionsatisfactorily with a poor energy efficiency, due to the factthat it has to carry all driving and control units in additionto payload and trunk body. Long duration missions arealso subjected to power supply constraints.The minimization of energy consumption plays a key rolein the design of an autonomous multi-legged robot.Various approaches are available in the literature to obtainenergy-efficient gaits of multi-legged robotsDEVELOPMENT ON GAS LEAK DETECTION ANDLOCATION SYSTEM BASED ON WIRELESS SENSORNETWORKSABSTRACTDevelops a gas leak detection and location system for theproduction safety in Petrochemical Industry. The system isbased on Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN), it can collectthe data of monitoring sites wirelessly and sent to thecomputer to update values in the location software.Consequently, it can give a real-time detective of thepotential risk area, collect the data of a leak accident andlocate the leakage point. However the former systems cannot react in time, even can not obtain data from anaccident and locate accurately.The paper has three parts, first, gives the overall systemdesign, and then provides the approaches on bothhardware and software to achieve it.BRAIN-ACTUATED HUMANOID ROBOT NAVIGATIONCONTROL USING ASYNCHRONOUS BRAIN-COMPUTERINTERFACEABSTRACTBrain-actuated robotic systems have been proposed as anew control interface to translate different humanintentions into appropriate motion commands for roboticapplications. This study proposes a brain-actuatedhumanoid robot navigation system that uses an EEG-BCI.The experimental procedures consisted of offline trainingsessions, online feedback test sessions, and real-timecontrol sessions. During the offline training sessions,amplitude features from the EEGs were extracted usingband power analysis, and the informative featurecomponents were selected using the Fisher ratio and thelinear discriminant analysis (LDA) distance metric.The Intentional Activity Classifier (IAC) and the MotorDirection Classifier (MDC) were hierarchically structuredand trained to build an asynchronous BCI system.During the navigation experiments, the subject controlledthe humanoid robot in an indoor maze using the BCIsystem with real-time images from the camera on therobot's head. The results showed that three subjectssuccessfully navigated the indoor maze using theproposed brain-actuated humanoid robot navigationsystemCONTROLLING HUMAN ATTENTION THROUGH ROBOT'SGAZE BEHAVIORSABSTRACTControlling someone's attention can be defined as shiftinghis/her attention from the existing direction to another.However, it is not easy task for a robot to shift a particularhuman's attention if they are not in face-to-face situation.If the robot would like to communicate a particular person,it should turn its gaze to that person and make eye contactto establish mutual gaze. However, only such a turningaction is not enough to set up eye contact when the robotand the target person are not facing each other.Therefore, the robot should perform some actions so thatit can attract the target person and meet their gaze. In thispaper, we present a robot that can attract a target person'sattention by moving its head, make eye contact throughshowing gaze awareness by blinking its eyes, andestablish joint attention by repeating its head turns fromthe person and the target object.Experiments using twenty human participants confirm theeffectiveness of the robot actions to control humanattentionDESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF A HAND-GLOVECONTROLLED WHEEL CHAIRABSTRACTWheelchairs are a way of reincarnating the purpose of lifein the lives of disabled people. Effective and efficient waysof delivering a cost-effective and affordable wheelchair tothe common masses, which is not only at par with thepresent day technology, but is much easier to use arepresented herewith.Replacement of the popular joystick stick controlled wheelchair with a hand-glove control system for easiermaneuvering by bending the fingers, is discussed in thispaper. Intended users control the system by wearing aninstrumented glove fitted with flex or bend sensors forcontrolling the movement and direction of the wheelchair.Uni-directional wireless communication exists between theinstrumented gloves and the controller which issandwiched between the user's seat and the wheels. Initialdesign results are also presented in this paper.The technologies presented in this paper suggest a widedomain of possibilities to a wide variety of users. Inaddition, it also aims at making a cost-effective chair sothat more hi-tech wheelchairs are made use of, widely, bypeople with disabilities.DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE WIRELESS SENSORNODE FOR TRAFFIC FLOW SURVEILLANCEABSTRACTWireless sensor network is expected to be deployed inintersection to monitor the traffic flow continuously, andthe monitoring data can be used as the foundation oftraffic light control.In this paper, a traffic information and transmissionsystem based on Zigbee and wireless sensor network isbuilt, and the sensor nodes used in traffic flowsurveillance are developed. Structure, hardware and workflow of WSN nodes are designed.The stability experiment and the actual environmentexperiment are carried out in the last of the paper. Theresults of experiments show that WSN has the ability tocollect traffic flow information quickly and transmit thedatum to the processing center in real time.DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF AN INTELLIGENTVEHICLE DRIVING CONTROLLERABSTRACTThe goal of this paper is to implement the control anddesign of an intelligent vehicle based on an embeddedDSP platform (eZdsp? F2812). The overall systemincluding steering wheel AC serve motor, brake actuator,throttle driving circuit and the sensors are equipped in agolf-car as a platform.Otherwise, digital image processing technology is used torealize the autonomous driving system which can achievemulti-mode of lane-keeping, lane-change and obstacleavoidance,the overall system has been examined oncampus roads.DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF PYROELECTRICINFRARED SENSOR BASED SECURITY SYSTEM USINGMICROCONTROLLERABSTRACTThis paper evaluates the development of a Low-costsecurity system using small PIR (Pyroelectric Infrared)sensor built around a microcontroller. The low-power PIRdetectors take advantage of pyroelectricity to detect ahuman body that is a constant source of Passive Infrared(radiation in the infrared region).The system senses the signal generated by PIR sensordetecting the presence of individuals not at thermalequilibrium with the surrounding environment. Detectingthe presence of any unauthorized person in any specifictime interval, it triggers an alarm & sets up a call to apredefined number through a GSM modem.This highly reactive approach has low computationalrequirement, therefore it is well-suited to surveillance,industrial applications and smart environments. Testsperformed gave promising results.THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE INTELLIGENTTRANSPORT SYSTEM FOR THE REAL-TIME ROADSIDEENVIRONMENT INFORMATION TRANSFERABSTRACTThe paper proposed a novel system “RTCS (Real-TimeControl System for road environment)” to preventaccidents of drivers. This paper deployed sensors onroads and used these sensors to collect information tocoordinators. How to use sensors to prevent accidents invehicular environment is an interesting issue.Vehicles are equipped with OBU (On-Board Unit) and usethe OBU to query information if the coordinator or RSU(Road-Side Unit) is located in its communication range.This system also distributed events into different prioritydue to the different damages.For your example, RSU collects and analyzes the roadsideinformation for the driver's safety and which provides toan OBU and a management system according to theservice priority. In the higher rank terminal, the developedIP-based set-top box application provides informationsuch as the traffic information, road environmentalinformation, environmental sensor station error, and etc.The system has a high potential to improve traffic in twoways. First, it collects local environmental data and passesit to a central facility to further process it and pass it tovehicles. Second, it takes care that urgent localinformation is passed directly and thus quickly to localvehicles which increases traffic safety.The paper presents architecture to connect a USN(Ubiquitous Sensor Network) with the ITS (IntelligentTransport System) consisting of connected OBU and RSU.The goal of the system is to provide the ITS with localenvironmental data gathered by the USN nodes.THE INTELLIGENT EMBEDDED CONTROLWARNING SYSTEM FOR CAR REVERSINGABSTRACTMost of the car drivers used the reverse radar or a reversecamera to detect the road situation behind the vehiclewhen it is engaged in reverse gear. As a matter of fact, thepedestrians can virtually know if the vehicle is backing upor not only by seeing the permanent bright reverse lamps.And as there is not much change with the reverse lamp tobe seen, therefore their warning function for pedestriansseems to be still insufficient eventually.Therefore, this research tries to design a set of embeddedintelligent car backup warning system so as to promotethe safety of the walkers or the other drivers on the road.This embedded system uses Microsoft Win CE operatingsystem and matches with the Mini2440 developing board. Italso uses the Visual Studio 2005 for developing theintelligent touch panel operating mode.The UART interface on the Mini 2440 developing boardcontrols the frequency converter, RC server and LED byusing PIC16F877 to transform the signal of the sensors.And then, connecting to the sensors of angle, luminosityand distance so as to read the voltage value of the sensorand transferring them into actual values and followed byusing 27 fuzzy logic rules to carry on the fuzzy logicdeduction.And the angle of the LED reverse lamp bracket is adjustedand driven automatically according to the results of thislogic deduction eventually. This research tries to do thesimulated test by using a mobile frame in the same heightas a real automobile. To let the test mobile frame beinglocated 240 cm away from the obstacle and then start thedriven motor and set the frequency of it to be with 60 Hz.(in other words, its speed is approximately in 2.52 Km/h.)the let the test mobile frame to stop at 40 cm in front of theobstacle.We found out that the warning lamp bracket installationangle will be changed correspondently with the distancebetween test mobile frame and obstacle and beingdeclined automatically from 90 degree to 0 degree.Apparently, from th- - e test results, it has been proventhat this system can reach the goal of automaticallycontrolled car back-up warning function truly.THE RESEARCH ON ZIGBEE-BASED MINE SAFETYMONITORING SYSTEMABSTRACTIn this paper the research method of Mine SafetyMonitoring System based on ZigBee is elaborated, and thehardware design of ZigBee sensor node and systemsoftware design are discussed. The self-organizing routingalgorithm for ZigBee networks and the gateway design andsystems integration are also studied.ZigBee-based Mine Safety Monitoring System can achievea variety of safety factors of production, and undergroundenvironment (such as gas, temperature, humidity andother environmental indicators) for monitoring, controllingmine production, safety management to provide a goodbasis for decision making.--THE TEMPERATURE HUMIDITY MONITORING SYSTEM OFSOIL BASED ON WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKSABSTRACTThis design uses a wireless sensor network as informationacquisition and processing platform. The coverage is big,effectively resolves the disadvantages of wiredcommunications.Adopting the technology of wireless sensor network basedon Zigbee, GPRS and Web Services technology, we designa set of low cost, low power consumption, flexibleautomatic networking temperature humidity monitoringsystem of soil.And the system is a complete set of wireless sensornetwork induction, acquisition, storage, application,reporting, solution, has a good man-computer exchangeinterface.Through commissioning in the demonstration base ofsoybean in Northeast Agricultural University, it shows thatthe system can meet the requirements of the temperatureand humidity of soil environmental monitoring and unifiedmanagement.-THREE-PHASE TO SINGLE-PHASE POWER-CONVERSIONSYSTEMABSTRACTA power-conversion system for converting three-phasepower into single-phase power is proposed in this paper.The proposed three-phase to single-phase (3?/1?) powerconversionsystem comprises a power converter, a zerosequencetransformer set, and a filter capacitor.The output currents of the power converter are dividedinto two parts. One is a set of positive-sequencesinusoidal currents, whose phases are in phase with thevoltages of the three-phase power source. The positivesequencesinusoidal currents are employed to absorb areal power from the three-phase power source.In addition, the power converter can perform the functionsof three-phase balance, low harmonic distortion, and unitypower factor when the single-phase load is used. Theother is a set of zero-sequence currents, which will passthrough the zero-sequence transformer set and build asingle-phase voltage with high power quality for thesingle-phase load.Since the proposed 3?/1? power-conversion systemcontains only one power converter, it has the advantagesof simplifying both the power circuit and control circuit. Aprototype is developed and tested to demonstrate theperformance of the proposed 3?/1? power-conversionsystem.The experimental results show that the proposed systemcan achieve the expected performance.-THE DESIGN OF THE SCENE OF THE ACCIDENT ALARMSYSTEM BASED ON ARM AND GPSABSTRACTThis system designs the scene of the accident alarmsystem based on ARM and GPS. When the accidentoccurred , the manual and automatic alarm can be realized.Vehicles state and user information as well as alarmlocations will be transmitted to the Pre-set of treatmentcentre; after receiving related alarming information, thetreatment centre will display this information on its map.After receiving alarm information, the treatment Centrestaffs who are on duty will notice the handler who is thenearest to the scene of the accident in time, in order toreach the scene of accident in the first time, and gain moretreatment time for the accident injured, and lower theaccident mortality, as well as reduce incidents impactingtime on the traffic.-THE FLEXIBLE BUS SYSTEMS USING ZIGBEE AS ACOMMUNICATION MEDIUMABSTRACTThis paper describes a research on The Flexible BusSystems (FBS) using Zigbee as a communication medium.The Flexible Bus System is a demand responsive transit(DRT) but it is more efficient and convenient in a sensethat it entertains passenger's demands and gives buslocations in real time.The real time synchronization of The Flexible Bus Systemmakes it information rich and unique as compared to otherDRTs. The Flexible Bus Systems is a system that canreplace the Traditional Bus Systems with its flexibility andefficiency.This paper discusses the use of wireless technologies inThe Flexible Bus Systems and how to make it more reliableusing short range wireless technology Zigbee.-INTERLEAVED SOFT-SWITCHING BOOST CONVERTERFOR PHOTOVOLTAIC POWER-GENERATION SYSTEMABSTRACTIn this paper, a interleaved soft switching boost converter(ISSBC) for a photovoltaic (PV) power-generation systemis proposed.The topology used raises the efficiency for the dc/dcconverter of the PV power conditioning system (PVPCS),and it minimizes switching losses by adopting a resonantsoft-switching method. A detailed mode analysis of theproposed topology is presented.The feasibility of the proposed topology is experimentallyverified for a 1.2-kW prototype. The experimental resultsimply that 97.28% efficiency is achieved under the full -loadcondition. Consequently, it is confirmed that the overallefficiency is increased by about 1.5% compared with theconventional hard switching interleaved boost converter.-MPPT BASED STAND-ALONE WATER PUMPING SYSTEMABSTRACTRenewable energy sources are becoming a viablesubstitute for conventional energy sources due toincreases in world's energy demand and scarce resources.Solar pump operated with AC drive offer better choice interms of size, ruggedness, efficiency and maintainability.In this work, dc power from solar panel is boosted and fedto an inverter which gives ac output. Inverter drives themotor coupled to the water pump.To get the maximum power available at any instant anMPPT controller is used to control the converter. Ofdifferent types of MPPT algorithms artificial intelligence(AI) techniques are popular. Artificial neural networks(ANNs) & fuzzy logic (FL) two different types of AItechniques that are used to design the MPPT controller forPV system.In this proposed work, depending on solar radiation andtemperature, the MPPT controller gives optimized dutycycle. Neural network and fuzzy logic are two MPPTcontrollers, simulated to give optimum duty cycle. TheseMPPT controllers are compared based on the powerobtained from the boost converter. Simulation results arealso presented.MULTIPHASE DC–DC CONVERTERS USING A BOOSTHALF-BRIDGE CELL FOR HIGH-VOLTAGE AND HIGHPOWERAPPLICATIONSABSTRACTIn this paper, multiphase dc-dc converters are proposedfor high-voltage and high-power applications. Ageneralized converter is configured such that the boosthalf-bridge (BHB) cells and voltage doublers areconnected in parallel or in series to increase the outputvoltage and/or the output power.In addition to reduced device voltage and current ratingsby the connection, the proposed converter has thefollowing features: high-step-up voltage gain withsignificantly reduced transformer turn ratio, low-inputcurrent ripple due to interleaving effect, zero-voltageswitching turn-ON of switches and zero-current switchingturn-OFF of diodes, no additional clamping and start-upcircuits required, high-component availability and easythermal distribution due to the use of multiple smallcomponents, and flexibility in device selection resulting inoptimized design.A design guideline of determining the optimum circuitconfiguration for given output voltage and power level ispresented. Experimental results are also provided tovalidate the proposed concept.ONLINE VOTING SYSTEM POWERED BY BIOMETRICSECURITY USING STEGANOGRAPHYABSTRACTUsing Cryptography and Steganography at the same time,we try to provide Biometric as well as Password securityto voter accounts. The scheme uses images as coverobjects for Steganography and as keys for Cryptography.The key image is a Biometric measure, such as afingerprint image.Proper use of Cryptography greatly reduces the risks inthese systems as the hackers have to find both secret keyand the template. The basic idea is to merge the secret keywith the cover image on the basis of key image.The result of this process produces a stego image whichlooks quite similar to the cover image but not detectableby human eye. The system targets the authenticationrequirement of a voting system.-PERFORMANCE OF A HIGH-EFFICIENCY SWITCHEDCAPACITOR-BASED RESONANT CONVERTER WITHPHASE-SHIFT CONTROLABSTRACTThis paper presents operating performance of a switchedcapacitor-based resonant converter (SCRC) using a phaseshiftcontrol method. The proposed phase-shift controlrealizes zero-voltage switching operation, and thusachieves a high-conversion efficiency.A theoretical analysis shows that the SCRC can reduce itsinductor volume compared with a conventional buckconverter when the output voltage range is within 19%-81% of its input voltage.Experimental results verify the operating characteristics ofthe proposed method and show the improved conversionefficiency of more than 99%.-PROTECTION AND CONTROL OF LOW VOLTAGE MOTORSUSED IN INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONSABSTRACTAs low voltage motors are critical assets in today'sindustrial applications this paper will review theapplications of microprocessor-based protection andcontrol on low voltage motors less than 600 V AC inindustrial facilities.It will review principles of low voltage motor protection(thermal overload, ground fault, unbalance, etc.). Inaddition, the paper will discuss the starting control of lowvoltage motors and review the different starting types (FullVoltage Non-Reversing, Full Voltage Reversing, TwoSpeed, Wye-Delta, Inverter, Soft Starter). Communicationsplay a key role in the starting and stopping of low voltagemotors.This paper will also discuss several differentstarting/stopping controls using communication protocols,such as Profibus, DeviceNet and Modbus.-REAL TIME PADDY CROP FIELD MONITORING USINGZIGBEE NETWORKABSTRACTSensors are the essential device for precision agriculturalapplications. In this paper we have detailed about how toutilize the sensors in paddy crop field area and explainedabout Wireless Sensor Network (WSN), Zigbee network,Protocol stack, zigbee Applications and the results aregiven, when implemented the zigbee networkexperimentally in real time environment.This paper proposed idea about monitoring the crop fieldarea without human interaction. The fundamental conceptof this paper is to provide a highly enabled monitoring ofcrop field. This paper is focus on the sensing andmonitoring of the crop field and gives various sensinganalyzes in the paddy crop field.-REMOTE MONITORING AND CONTROL OFPHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEM USING WIRELESS SENSORNETWORKABSTRACTEfficient energy yield is a major concern in photovoltaicsystems in solar energy supply. Smart photovoltaicmodules offer a potential solution to allow solargenerators to maximize their productivity.This paper describes details of the design andinstrumentation of smart photovoltaic modules, a wirelesssensor network, and software for real-time sensing andcontrol of a photovoltaic system with maximum powerpoint tracking at module level.Field condition is monitored by voltage, current,irradiance, and temperature sensors distributed across thephotovoltaic field. The sensory data are periodicallysampled and transmitted to a base station. The powerpoint is controlled by a integrated DC-DC converter.The output voltage in the converter is regulated by adigital controller. The reference voltage is calculatedbased on a neural network model, which is used to identifymaximum power point.The communication data for remote monitoring anddistributed control are successfully transmitted using alow-cost ZigBee wireless network. The web-based softwaredeveloped in this paper offers stable remote access tofield conditions and real-time control of the power pointsin the smart photovoltaic system.-RFID AND ZIGBEE BASEDMANUFACTURING MONITORING SYSTEMABSTRACTTraditional methods of monitoring production inenterprises by humans on site are unable to meet theexpectations for efficiency, accuracy and cost as productlifecycles are shortened continuously.Setting up an RFID and ZigBee based manufacturingmonitoring system is a good approach to improvemonitoring efficiency so as to improve managementefficiency in enterprises.Although there are still some problems to be solved forRFID and ZigBee technologies, their unique features stillmake the monitoring system based on them a promisingsystem in manufacturing enterprises. The architecture ofthe RFID and ZigBee based monitoring system ispresented in this paper.-SINGLE-PHASE BACK-TO-BACK CONVERTER FORACTIVE POWER BALANCING, REACTIVE POWERCOMPENSATION, AND HARMONIC FILTERING INTRACTION POWER SYSTEMABSTRACTAn active power compensator (APC) based on singlephaseback-to-back power converter is proposed in thispaper to solve problems of power quality of electricrailway power supply system. This system adopts a singlephasefeeding connection, which is called cophase powersupply scheme.In this scheme, APC connects the balance transformerbetween feeding phase for power supply and anotherphase for compensation. It has some characteristics, suchas active power balancing, reactive power compensating,and harmonics filtering. In order to achieve thesecharacteristics, the control scheme requires sevencombination models. In this paper, a multifunctionalcontrol algorithm is proposed to realize every conceivablemodel.A cophase system with APC based on field programmablegate array (FPGA) and YNvd balance transformer is alsodesigned and evaluated. The experimental results obtainedfrom this prototype illustrate that the compensating abilityis extremely high in steady-state and dynamic responses,and the power quality of a substation with distorted loadscan be improved integrally.THE DESIGN OF THE SCENE OF THE ACCIDENT ALARMSYSTEM BASED ON ARM AND GPSABSTRACTThis system designs the scene of the accident alarmsystem based on ARM and GPS. When the accidentoccurred , the manual and automatic alarm can be realized.Vehicles state and user information as well as alarmlocations will be transmitted to the Pre-set of treatmentcentre; after receiving related alarming information, thetreatment centre will display this information on its map.After receiving alarm information, the treatment Centrestaffs who are on duty will notice the handler who is thenearest to the scene of the accident in time, in order toreach the scene of accident in the first time, and gain moretreatment time for the accident injured, and lower theaccident mortality, as well as reduce incidents impactingtime on the traffic.HIGH-EFFICIENCY REGULATION METHOD FOR A ZEROCURRENTAND ZERO-VOLTAGE CURRENT-FED PUSH–PULL CONVERTERABSTRACTA new high-efficiency regulation method for a zero-currentand zero-voltage current-fed push-pull converter ispresented. The method proposed is based on the use of acontrolled transformer as a post-regulator, which adds orsubtracts an additional voltage to the output filter of theconverter.An auxiliary regulator, which only handles a percentage ofthe output power, controls this transformer, and therefore,results in much higher efficiency than a normalpreregulator would have. The novelty of the presentedconverter is that regulation is achieved without affectingthe zero-voltage and zero-current switching in any workingconditions.Small- and large-signal models of the converter have beendeveloped and a low-power prototype has been simulatedand implemented. The good agreement, between theexperimental simulations and theoretical results, validatesthe theoretical developments.-FAULT-TOLERANT TORQUE CONTROL OF BLDC MOTORSABSTRACTFault tolerance is critical for servomotors used in high-riskapplications, such as aerospace, robots, and military.These motors should be capable of continued functionaloperation, even if insulation failure or open-circuit of awinding occur.This paper presents a fault-tolerant (FT) torque controllerfor brushless dc (BLdc) motors that can maintain accuratetorque production with minimum power dissipation, even ifone of its phases fails. The distinct feature of the FTcontroller is that it is applicable to BLdc motors with anyback-electromotive-force waveform.First, an observer estimates the phase voltages from amodel based on Fourier coefficients of the motorwaveform.The faulty phases are detected from the covariance of theestimation error. Subsequently, the phase currents of theremaining phases are optimally reshaped so that the motoraccurately generates torque as requested while minimizingpower loss subject to maximum current limitation of thecurrent amplifiers.Experimental results illustrate the capability of the FTcontroller to achieve ripple-free torque performance duringa phase failure at the expenses of increasing the mean andmaximum power loss by 28% and 68% and decreasing themaximum motor torque by 49%.-DYNAMIC MODELING AND ENERGY CONSUMPTIONANALYSIS OF CRAB WALKING OF A SIX-LEGGED ROBOTABSTRACTIn this paper, an attempt has been made to develop adetailed dynamic model of a realistic six-legged robotduring its crab motion. An energy consumption model hasbeen derived for statically stable wave-crab gaits afterconsidering a minimum of dissipating energy for optimalfeet forces distributions.Two approaches, such as minimization of norm of feetforces and minimization of norm of joint torques havebeen developed. The performances of these approacheshave been compared with each other for different values ofduty factor.The effects of walking parameters, namely velocity, stroke,duty factor and crab angle are studied on energyconsumption during crab walking. Wave gait with a lowerduty factor is found to be more energy-efficient comparedto that with the higher duty factor at the highest possiblevelocity.-DEVELOPMENT ON GAS LEAK DETECTION ANDLOCATION SYSTEM BASED ON WIRELESS SENSORNETWORKSABSTRACTDevelops a gas leak detection and location system for theproduction safety in Petrochemical Industry. The system isbased on Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN), it can collectthe data of monitoring sites wirelessly and sent to thecomputer to update values in the location software.Consequently, it can give a real-time detective of thepotential risk area, collect the data of a leak accident andlocate the leakage point. However the former systems cannot react in time, even can not obtain data from anaccident and locate accurately.The paper has three parts, first, gives the overall systemdesign, and then provides the approaches on bothhardware and software to achieve it.VOICE OVER ZIGBEE NETWORKS ENVIRONMENTALMONITORINGABSTRACTZigBee technology is being embedded in a range ofapplications up to smart energy, healthcare, andtelecommunication services. In this paper, we present avoice transmission system, one of telecommunicationvalue-added services, based on the low-rate ZigBeenetworks.We design a model to perform a sensor role as a memberof ZigBee networks in addition to providing the costeffectivevoice transmission function.-VOICE RECOGNITION BASED WIRELESS HOMEAUTOMATION SYSTEMABSTRACTHome Automation industry is growing rapidly; this isfuelled by the need to provide supporting systems for theelderly and the disabled, especially those who live alone.Coupled with this, the world population is confirmed to begetting older.Home automation systems must comply with thehousehold standards and convenience of usage. Thispaper details the overall design of a wireless homeautomation system (WHAS) which has been built andimplemented.The automation centres on recognition of voice commandsand uses low-power RF ZigBee wireless communicationmodules which are relatively cheap. The home automationsystem is intended to control all lights and electricalappliances in a home or office using voice commands. Thesystem has been tested and verified.The verification tests included voice recognition responsetest, indoor ZigBee communication test, and thecompression and decompression tests of DPCM(Differential Pulse Code Modulation) speech signals. Thetests involved a mix of 35 male and female subjects withdifferent English accents. 35 different voice commandswere sent by each person. Thus the test involved sendinga total of 1225 commands and 79.8% of these commandswere recognised correctly.-A GSM, INTERNET AND SPEECH CONTROLLEDWIRELESS INTERACTIVE HOME AUTOMATION SYSTEMABSTRACTThe home automation today needs to make use of thelatest technological components available. In this paper,we present the design and implementation of a homeautomation system where communication technologiesGSM (Global System for Mobile Communication), Internet,and speech recognition have been used.All these techniques are successfully merged in a singlewireless home automation system. This system offers acomplete, low cost, powerful and user friendly way of realtimemonitoring and remote control of a house-VOLTAGE-SOURCE PWM RECTIFIER–INVERTER BASEDON DIRECT POWER CONTROL ANDITS OPERATION CHARACTERISTICSABSTRACTThis paper describes a novel control strategy of directpower-control-based voltage-source pulsewidthmodulation (PWM) rectifier-inverter. The key of thisstrategy is direct selection of a switching state of the PWMrectifier-inverter on basis of instantaneous power errors.A relationship between the instantaneous power and theswitching state of the PWM rectifier-inverter istheoretically analyzed, which is essential to compose aswitching-state table. Effectiveness of the proposedtechnique is examined through several experimental tests,using a 1.6-kW prototype.As a result, unity power factor operation is achieved by theproposed method, and the output currents are confirmedto be sinusoidal waveforms without large distortion underbalanced and unbalanced power-source condition.-ZIGBEE ELECTRIC VEHICLE CHARGING SYSTEMABSTRACTThis paper presents a Information system for ZigBeeEnergy Dispenser (ZED), with onsite Charging Hotspotsubsystem (Z-key, Z-Charger and Data Hub) and backendWeb portals subsystem (i-Plug), over wirelesstransmission by using ZigBee module and wiredtransmission on internet network.ZED is an AMI solution dedicated to electrical vehiclecharging for both private and public car parks. It is aplatform which aimed to coordinate the data flow amongcustomer, Utility information system (e.g MDMS, billing)and Charging Hotspot.-ZIGBEE/GPS TRACKING SYSTEM FOR ROWING RACESABSTRACTIn this paper a ZigBee/GPS Tracking System for RowingRaces is presented. The system provides real-timemonitoring of boat position. Potential applicationsincludes, race monitoring, aided-training and safetysystems.The system is composed of two main types of modules,Mobile Units equipped with a GPS receiver (in the boat),and a fixed one composed by the Central Unit and theRace Manager, located in the operations room.The communication between the Central and the Mobileunits is provided by a point to multipoint ZigBee wirelessnetwork. At the current development stage a systemprototype was developed and used for testing purposes.Preliminary tests, in order to make a first assessment ofsystem functionalities, were performed in a simulated landenvironment and the obtained results were promising.-HYBRID WIRELESS COMMUNICATION SYSTEM USINGZIGBEE AND WIFI TECHNOLOGY IN THE COALMINETUNNELSABSTRACTWireless Sensor Network (WSN) used under the coalminetunnel is an emerging area of research that promises toprovide reliable and flexible communication. This paperfirst discussed the best working frequency about the WSNin coalmine.Then, according to the actual circumstances of coal mine,the network structure should adopt cluster-tree topology.We also develop a multifunction communication wirelesssystem using ZigBee and WiFi technology, which canachieve the functions of gas monitoring, wirelesscommunication, personnel management and videosurveillance, etc.Practical applications showed that the multifunctioncommunication system can satisfy the need of dispatchcommunication and safety monitor in the coal mine tunnel.SENSORLESS VECTOR CONTROL OF INDUCTIONMOTORS AT VERY LOW SPEED USING A NONLINEARINVERTER MODEL AND PARAMETER IDENTIFICATIONABSTRACTThe performance of vector-controlled induction motordrives without a speed sensor is generally poor at very lowspeed. The reasons are offset and drift components in theacquired feedback signals, voltage distortions caused bythe nonlinear behavior of the switching converter, and theincreased sensitivity against model parameter mismatch.New modeling and identification techniques are proposedto overcome these problems. A pure integrator isemployed for stator flux estimation which permits highestimationbandwidth. Compensation of the driftcomponents is done by offset identification.The nonlinear voltage distortions are corrected by a selfadjustinginverter model. A further improvement is a novelmethod for online adaptation of the stator resistance.Experiments demonstrate smooth steady-state operationand high dynamic performance at extremely low speed.-INTELLIGENT ONLINE MEASUREMENT ANDMANAGEMENT OF ENERGY METER DATATHROUGH ADVANCED WIRELESS NETWORKABSTRACTRecently the Electrical supply companies are trying toadopt the electronic measurement of energy consumptiondata because of reduced manufacturing cost, improvedmeasurement accuracy, increased timely information,miniature size and many other benefits that go well beyondthe traditional rotor-plate energy meter type.In this paper with the help of an energy chip, an improvedenergy metering solution is developed, where automatingthe progression of measurement through digital wirelesscommunication technique is adopted to get the abovebenefits along with smooth control.The developed energy meter calculates the total averageactive power mainly for residential consumers. Thehardware circuit accepts single phase voltage andcurrents as its inputs and provides the output in the formof logic data proportional to the average real power.This data is fed to a remote computer server through thewireless ZigBee network that represents the concept ofdistant wireless metering, practically involving nomanpower. This paper also presents a software solutiondeveloped for total electrical energy billing and datamanagement system.-BI-DIRECTIONAL DCM DC TO DC CONVERTER FORHYBRID ELECTRIC VEHICLESABSTRACTThis paper presents a bi-directional DC to DC converterwith a unique concept in control. The converter wasdesigned for hybrid electric vehicles, so size becomes apressing design parameter. For that reason a buckconverter in DCM was used to realize the DC to DCconverter.The DCM operation was used in order to shrink themagnetic components, as described in the paper.However, DCM converters are not inherently bi-directional.The unique controller developed here allows for the DCMconverter to seamlessly direct power from low voltage sideto high voltage side and from high voltage side back to lowvoltage side.A power management technique was also developed tohandle a wide array of conditions present in hybrid electricvehicle applications. The technology developed here offersthe designer the option to utilize the benefits of a buckconverter in DCM while still maintaining a bi-directionalpower flow.THE TEMPERATURE HUMIDITY MONITORING SYSTEM OFSOIL BASED ON WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKSABSTRACTThis design uses a wireless sensor network as informationacquisition and processing platform. The coverage is big,effectively resolves the disadvantages of wiredcommunications.Adopting the technology of wireless sensor network basedon Zigbee, GPRS and Web Services technology, we designa set of low cost, low power consumption, flexibleautomatic networking temperature humidity monitoringsystem of soil.And the system is a complete set of wireless sensornetwork induction, acquisition, storage, application,reporting, solution, has a good man-computer exchangeinterface.Through commissioning in the demonstration base ofsoybean in Northeast Agricultural University, it shows thatthe system can meet the requirements of the temperatureand humidity of soil environmental monitoring and unifiedmanagement.A NEW ADAPTIVE WEIGHT ALGORITHM FOR SALT ANDPEPPER NOISE REMOVALABSTRACTA new adaptive weight algorithm is developed for theremoval of salt and pepper noise. It consists of two majorsteps, first to detect noise pixels according to thecorrelations between image pixels, then use differentmethods based on the various noise levels.For the low noise level, neighborhood signal pixels meanmethod is adopted to remove the noise, and for the highnoise level, an adaptive weight algorithm is used.Experiments show the proposed algorithm has advantagesover regularizing methods in terms of both edgepreservation and noise removal, even for heavilycontaminated image with noise level as high as 90%, it stillcan get a significant performance.REMOVAL OF HIGH DENSITY SALT AND PEPPER NOISETHROUGH MODIFIED DECISION BASED UNSYMMETRICTRIMMED MEDIAN FILTERABSTRACTA modified decision based unsymmetrical trimmed medianfilter algorithm for the restoration of gray scale, and colorimages that are highly corrupted by salt and pepper noiseis proposed in this paper.The proposed algorithm replaces the noisy pixel bytrimmed median value when other pixel values, 0's and255's are present in the selected window and when all thepixel values are 0's and 255's then the noise pixel isreplaced by mean value of all the elements present in theselected window.This proposed algorithm shows better results than theStandard Median Filter (MF), Decision Based Algorithm(DBA), Modified Decision Based Algorithm (MDBA), andProgressive Switched Median Filter (PSMF).The proposed algorithm is tested against differentgrayscale and color images and it gives better PeakSignal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR) and Image EnhancementFactor (IEF).OPERATION IMPROVEMENT OF INDOOR ROBOT BYGESTURE RECOGNITIONABSTRACTRecently, the demand for the indoor robots has increased.Therefore, increased opportunities for many people tooperate the robots have emerged. However, for manypeople, it is often difficult to operate a robot using theconventional methods like remote control.To solve this problem, we propose a robot operationsystem using the hand gesture recognition. Our methodpays attention to the direction and movement of the hand.We were able to recognize several gestures in real -time.ISOLATED WIND–HYDRO HYBRID SYSTEM USING CAGEGENERATORS AND BATTERY STORAGEABSTRACTThis paper deals with a new isolated wind-hydro hybridgeneration system employing one squirrel-cage inductiongenerator (SCIG) driven by a variable-speed wind turbineand another SCIG driven by a constant-power hydroturbine feeding three-phase four-wire local loads.The proposed system utilizes two back-to-back-connectedpulsewidth modulationcontrolled insulated-gate-bipolartransistor-based voltage-source converters (VSCs) with abattery energy storage system at their dc link.The main objectives of the control algorithm for the VSCsare to achieve maximum power tracking (MPT) throughrotor speed control of a wind-turbine-driven SCIG undervarying wind speeds and control of the magnitude and thefrequency of the load voltage.The proposed wind-hydro hybrid system has a capabilityof bidirectional active- and reactive-power flow, by which itcontrols the magnitude and the frequency of the loadvoltage.The proposed electromechanical system using SCIGs, anMPT controller, and a voltage and frequency controller aremodeled and simulated in MATLAB using Simulink andSim Power System set toolboxes, and different aspects ofthe proposed system are studied for various types oflinear, nonlinear, and dynamic loads, and under varyingwind-speed conditions.The performance of the proposed system is presented todemonstrate its capability of MPT, voltage and frequencycontrol (VFC), harmonic elimination, and load balancing.TECHNO-ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF SVC-HVDCTRANSMISSION SYSTEM FOR OFFSHORE WINDABSTRACTOne of the trends concerning offshore wind farms is toincrease the distance from the wind farm to the shore, andhas to be transported over very long distances to make aconnection with the main supply grid. But placing windfarms offshore rises a lot o challenges related toconstruction, installation and nevertheless with the energytransmission.VSC HVDC is a rather new technology with promisingcharacteristics for offshore wind transmission. And thetechno-economic value analysis for VSC HVDC isnecessary as all projects require a maximal effort in orderto make the offshore wind farm viable. The possiblestructures for offshore wind farm and some feasibleturbine topologies for offshore wind were introduced in thepaper.Based on the grid code requirements, a techno-economicanalysis for VSC HVDC with SCIG was proposed. ThisHVDC system is compared to the main variable-speedtopologies (DFIG and DDPMSG) in combination with HVACand a typical wind farm is put upfront to investigate.Result show that the SVC HVDC transmission system withSCIC could get a cost-efficient.GRID INTERCONNECTION OF RENEWABLE ENERGYSOURCES AT THE DISTRIBUTION LEVEL WITH POWERQUALITYIMPROVEMENT FEATURESABSTRACTRenewable energy resources (RES) are being increasinglyconnected in distribution systems utilizing powerelectronic converters. This paper presents a novel controlstrategy for achieving maximum benefits from these gridinterfacinginverters when installed in 3-phase 4-wiredistribution systems.The inverter is controlled to perform as a multi-functiondevice by incorporating active power filter functionality.The inverter can thus be utilized as: 1) power converter toinject power generated from RES to the grid, and 2) shuntAPF to compensate current unbalance, load currentharmonics, load reactive power demand and load neutralcurrent.All of these functions may be accomplished eitherindividually or simultaneously. With such a control, thecombination of grid-interfacing inverter and the 3-phase 4-wire linear/non-linear unbalanced load at point of commoncoupling appears as balanced linear load to the grid.This new control concept is demonstrated with extensiveMATLAB/Simulink simulation studies and validatedthrough digital signal processor-based laboratoryexperimental results.A NEW APPROACH TO MULTIFUNCTIONAL DYNAMICVOLTAGE RESTORER IMPLEMENTATION FOREMERGENCY CONTROL IN DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMSABSTRACTThe dynamic voltage restorer (DVR) is one of the moderndevices used in distribution systems to protect consumersagainst sudden changes in voltage amplitude. In thispaper, emergency control in distribution systems isdiscussed by using the proposed multifunctional DVRcontrol strategy.Also, the multiloop controller using the Posicast andP+Resonant controllers is proposed in order to improvethe transient response and eliminate the steady-state errorin DVR response, respectively. The proposed algorithm isapplied to some disturbances in load voltage caused byinduction motors starting, and a three-phase short circuitfault. Also, the capability of the proposed DVR has beentested to limit the downstream fault current.The current limitation will restore the point of commoncoupling (PCC) (the bus to which all feeders under studyare connected) voltage and protect the DVR itself.The innovation here is that the DVR acts as a virtualimpedance with the main aim of protecting the PCCvoltage during downstream fault without any problem inreal power injection into the DVR. Simulation results showthe capability of the DVR to control the emergencyconditions of the distribution systems.RESEARCH ON THE WIND FARM REACTIVE POWERCOMPENSATION CAPACITY AND CONTROL TARGETABSTRACTWind generation rapid development has brought challengeto the grid. Reactive voltage is the most outstanding andone of the most concerned problems.This paper introduces the concept of wind farms reactivepower compensation and wind power grid code withrespect to reactive power regulation all over the world,gives the simplified approach to estimate reactive powercompensation capacity, and validates its efficiency withthe case study.From grid reactive voltage control target and practicaloperation routine, the paper analyses and compares theimpacts of two reactive power control targets, that is,constant voltage and constant power factor, on the gridsteady-state operation.The conclusion shows that the reactive powercompensation control target of wind farms should bedetermined by the robustness of the grid integrated,hierarchical reactive power balance, wind turbines reactivevoltage control characteristic, and the reactivecompensation device applied in wind farms.FLEXIBLE D-STATCOM PERFORMANCE AS A FLEXIBLEDISTRIBUTED GENERATION IN MITIGATING FAULTSABSTRACTThis paper proposes a flexible D-STATCOM (DistributionStatic COMpensator) and its new controller system, that beable to both mitigate all types of faults and operate as aDistributed Generation (DG), when it supplies power tosensitive loads while the main utility source isdisconnected (i.e. it is under islanded operating condition).Thus D-STATCOM operates same as a flexible DG (FDG)and consequently, it is called Flexible D-STATCOM (FDSTATCOM).This paper validates the performance of FDSTATCOMsystem to mitigate power quality problems andimprove distribution system performance under all typesof system related disturbances and system unbalancedfaults, such as Line-to-Line (LL) and Double Line toGround (DLG) faults and supplies power to sensitive loadsunder islanding condition.In this paper, the 12-pulse D-STATCOM configuration withIGBT is designed and the graphic based models of the DSTATCOMare developed using the PSCAD/EMTDCelectromagnetic transient simulation program.The reliability and robustness of the control schemes inthe system response to the voltage disturbances causedby LL and DLG faults and islanded operating condition areobviously proved in the simulation results.POWER SYSTEM STABILITY ENHANCEMENT USINGSTATIC SYNCHRONOUS SERIES COMPENSATOR (SSSC)ABSTRACTIn this study, a static synchronous series compensator(SSSC) is used to investigate the effect of this device incontrolling active and reactive powers as well as dampingpower system oscillations in transient mode.The SSSC equipped with a source of energy in the DC linkcan supply or absorb the reactive and active power to orfrom the line. Simulations have been done inMATLAB/SIMULINK environment.Simulation results obtained for selected bus-2 in twomachine power system shows the efficacy of thiscompensator as one of the FACTS devices member incontrolling power flows, achieving the desired value foractive and reactive powers, and damping oscillationsappropriately.MATRIX CONVERTER-BASED UNIFIEDPOWER-FLOW CONTROLLERSADVANCED DIRECT POWER CONTROL METHODABSTRACTThis paper presents a direct power control (DPC) for threephasematrix converters operating as unified power flowcontrollers (UPFCs). Matrix converters (MCs) allow thedirect ac/ac power conversion without dc energy storagelinks; therefore, the MC-based UPFC (MC-UPFC) hasreduced volume and cost, reduced capacitor power losses,together with higher reliability.Theoretical principles of direct power control (DPC) basedon sliding mode control techniques are established for anMC-UPFC dynamic model including the input filter. As aresult, line active and reactive power, together with acsupply reactive power, can be directly controlled byselecting an appropriate matrix converter switching stateguaranteeing good steady-state and dynamic responses.Experimental results of DPC controllers for MC-UPFCshow decoupled active and reactive power control, zerosteady-state tracking error, and fast response pared to an MC-UPFC using active and reactive powerlinear controllers based on a modified Venturini highfrequencyPWM modulator, the experimental results of theadvanced DPC-MC guarantee faster responses withoutovershoot and no steady-state error, presenting no crosscouplingin dynamic and steady-state responses.MODELING, ANALYSIS, AND CONTROL FOR THERECTIFIER OF HYBRID HVDC SYSTEMS FOR DFIG-BASEDWIND FARMSABSTRACTIn order to improve the dynamic performance of the hybridHVdc system for doubly fed induction generator windfarms, this paper presents the modeling, analysis, andcontrol methods for its line-commutated rectifier.First, the state variable model of the rectifier subsystem onthe reference frame is derived considering different controlmodes of the current source inverter subsystem. Then, theac current dynamic of the rectifier subsystem isquantitatively analyzed based on the eigenvalue analysismethod.According to the analysis results, a double loop controlscheme is designed: the inner loop utilizes the inversesystem control technique plus a switchable phase-leadcompensator, and the outer loop implements an ordinarypropotional-integral controller.Finally, the validity of the quantitative analysis method andthe superiority of the proposed control scheme are verifiedby Simulink / SimPowerSystems simulations.PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF LCL-T RESONANTCONVERTER WITH FUZZY/PID CONTROLLER USINGSTATE SPACE ANALYSISABSTRACTA closed loop series parallel resonant converter with LCLTconfiguration has been simulated and presented in thispaper. The fuzzy/PID controller has been used for closedloop operation and the performance of proposed converterhas been estimated with the closed loop and the open loopcondition.The mathematical model using state space approach hasbeen developed and simulated using MATLAB. Theperformance of the converter has been found to be betterwhen the fuzzy controller has been considered.The Harmonic Spectrum and steady state error for variousload condition have been obtained to validate the role ofcontrollers. The proposed approach is expected to providebetter voltage regulation for dynamic load conditions.A 2.4-GHZ ENERGY-EFFICIENT TRANSMITTER FORWIRELESS MEDICAL APPLICATIONSBiomedical Circuits and Systems, IEEE Transactions onABSTRACTA 2.4-GHz energy-efficient transmitter (TX) for wirelessmedical applications is presented in this paper. It consistsof four blocks: a phase-locked loop (PLL) synthesizer witha direct frequency presetting technique, a class-B poweramplifier, a digital processor, and nonvolatile memory(NVM).The frequency presetting technique can accurately presetthe carrier frequency of the voltage-controlled oscillatorand reduce the lock-in time of the PLL synthesizer, furtherincreasing the data rate of communication with low powerconsumption. The digital processor automaticallycompensates preset frequency variation with process,voltage, and temperature.The NVM stores the presetting signals and calibration dataso that the TX can avoid the repetitive calibration processand save the energy in practical applications. The designis implemented in 0.18- μm radio-frequencycomplementary metal-oxide semiconductor process andthe active area is 1.3 mm 2.The TX achieves 0-dBm output power with a maximum datarate of 4 Mb/s/2 Mb/s and dissipates 2.7-mA/5.4-mA currentfrom a 1.8-V power supply for on-off keying/frequency-shiftkeying modulation, respectively. The correspondingenergy efficiency is 1.2 nJ/b·mW and 4.8 nJ/b· mW whennormalized to the transmitting power.A DECISION-SUPPORT MODEL FOR FILTERING RFIDREAD DATA IN SUPPLY CHAINSABSTRACTThe introduction of radio-frequency identification (RFID)tags in supply chains engenders the need forincorporating and utilizing the additional generated data. Itis generally assumed that these data, once generated, arecomplete and rife with necessary information for makingdecisions.The reality is, however, that these data are not error mon errors observed in these data include falsepositives and false negatives. Given that these data areamong the set of primary inputs for decision-makingpurposes, the read-rate accuracy is of paramountimportance for effectively managing supply chainsincorporating such data. Although there are means bywhich the RFID tag read rate could be improved to acertain extent, the errors in read rate cannot be completelyeliminated, and decision makers are left to deal with suchdata while managing the supply chain.We present and illustrate few algorithms that can be usedto reduce false read rates. We consider models for filteringdata that are already being gathered in RFID systems andutilize it to improve read-rate accuracy. We implement theproposed models and illustrate their performance.A HYBRID WIRED/WIRELESS NETWORKINGINFRASTRUCTUREFOR GREENHOUSE MANAGEMENTThis paper appears in: Instrumentation and Measurement,IEEE Transactions onABSTRACTIn this paper, the problems related to the management of afarm made up of several greenhouses are discussed. Themanagement of this kind of farms requires data acquisitionin each greenhouse and their transfer to a control unitwhich is usually located in a control room, separated fromthe production area.At present, the data transfer between the greenhouses andthe control system is mainly provided by a suitable wiredcommunication system, such as a fieldbus. In suchcontexts, even though the replacement of the wired systemwith a fully wireless one can appear very attractive, a fullywireless system can introduce some disadvantages.A solution based on a hybrid wired/wireless network,where Controller Area Network and ZigBee protocols areused, is presented along with all the related problems thatthis integration involves. In particular, in order to integrateat the Data Link Layer the wireless section with the wiredone, a suitable multiprotocol bridge has beenimplemented.Moreover, at the Application Layer, porting of SmartDistributed System services on ZigBee, called ZSDS,allows one to access the network resources independentlyfrom the network segment they are connected to.A SELF-SUPPLIED INERTIAL PIEZOELECTRIC ENERGYHARVESTER WITH POWER-MANAGEMENT ICABSTRACTHarvesting energy from ambient vibrations is a promisingtechnology for fully autonomous wireless sensor nodes,which can give birth to new applications in biomedical,industrial, and environmental monitoring.There have been independent solutions in increasing theharvesting efficiency either on the mechanical harvester oron its power management circuitry.Recently, a piezo electric MEMS harvester using AIN wasdemonstrated to generate enough energy to autonomouslypower a wireless temperature sensor with a full-bridgerectifier built with off-the-shelf components. Meanwhile,AC-DC converters for piezoelectric harvesters have beendesigned to enable efficient power extraction, or efficientrectification of low-voltage outputs, and have been testedwith commercial meso-scale piezoelectric beams.However, to realize an efficient stand-alone energygenerator platform, it is necessary to integrate theseefforts into a single low-volume system. This paperpresents a self-supplied energy generator, which includesa MEMS harvester hybridly integrated with its powermanagement circuitry for autonomous charging of anenergy reservoir.A STANDALONE RFID INDOOR POSITIONING SYSTEMUSING PASSIVE TAGSThis paper appears: Industrial Electronics, IEEETransactions onABSTRACTIndoor positioning systems (IPSs) locate objects in closedstructures such as office buildings, hospitals, stores,factories, and warehouses, where Global PositioningSystem devices generally do not work. Most availablesystems apply wireless concepts, optical tracking, and/orultrasound.This paper presents a standalone IPS using radiofrequency identification (RFID) technology. The concept isbased on an object carrying an RFID reader module, whichreads low-cost passive tags installed next to the objectpath. A positioning system using a Kalman filter isproposed.The inputs of the proposed algorithm are themeasurements of the backscattered signal powerpropagated from nearby RFID tags and a tag-path positiondatabase. The proposed algorithm first estimates thelocation of the reader, neglecting tag-reader angle-pathloss.Based on the location estimate, an iterative procedure isimplemented, targeting the estimation of the tag-readerangle-path loss, where the latter is iteratively compensatedfrom the received signal strength informationmeasurement. Experimental results are presented,illustrating the high performance of the proposedpositioning system.A TESTBED FOR ANALYZING SECURITY OF SCADACONTROL SYSTEMS (TASSCS)ABSTRACTThe critical infrastructures of our society are in theprocess of being modernized. Most significantly impactedare the industrial control systems through replacement ofold electromechanical systems with advanced computingand communication technologies. This modernization hasintroduced new vulnerabilities to those infrastructures.Securing critical infrastructures is a challenging researchproblem, as these control systems were not designed withsecurity in mind. This paper presents a testbed designedto study and simulate the various available techniques forsecuring and protecting Supervisory Control and DataAcquisition (SCADA) systems against a wide range ofcyber attacks.The testbed is also used to evaluate the detection rate,false alerts and effectiveness of the protection techniques.We present preliminary results on using the testbed todetect a selected set of cyber attacks and the impact of theprotection techniques on the operations of the system.A VIBRATION-BASED ELECTROMAGNETIC ENERGYHARVESTER USING MECHANICAL FREQUENCY UPCONVERSIONMETHODABSTRACTThis paper presents a new vibration-basedelectromagnetic energy harvester using a mechanicalfrequency up-conversion method for harvesting energyfrom external low-frequency vibrations within a range of 1-10 Hz.The structure consists of a magnet placed on a diaphragm,a polystyrene cantilever carrying a pick-up coil, and amechanical barrier which converts low-frequencyvibrations to a higher frequency, hence increasing theefficiency of the system. The tested structure proved togenerate 88.6 mV and 544.7 μW rms power output by upconverting10-Hz external vibration to 394 Hz. The obtainedpower density is 184 μW/cm3, with a device volume of 2.96cm3.An analytical model is developed to analyze the behaviorof the energy harvester prototypes with variousdimensions. The model predicts the performanceparameters of the structures within 5% error range. Theeffect of scaling down the device dimensions isinvestigated through the developed model and fabricatedprototypes.It is shown that the power density of the energy harvesteris increased as its dimensions are scaled down, provingthat the proposed structure is a good candidate to be usedin low-power wireless microsystems operating at lowfrequencyvibrations.AN INTELLIGENT LIGHTING SYSTEM FOR EXHIBITIONAPPLICATIONSABSTRACTThis paper presents the design and the implementation ofa lighting system which is able to detect the approach ofthe visitors and then turn the lighting onto the normalintensity to let the exhibition be bright enough.All lightings are equipped with the energy-saving functionwhich will turn itself to the dimming level automaticallyafter the visitors' leaving. PIR (Passive Infrared) sensorsare utilized in the system instead of a video camera for thepurposes of both cost-down and privacy issue.The lightings are also designed to have network interfaceto let them be able to be connected together to form anintelligent lighting system which can not only collect theexhibition information but also help the administrators tosecure the exposition.AUTOMATED OFF-LINE RESPIRATORY EVENTDETECTION FOR THE STUDY OF POSTOPERATIVE APNEAIN INFANTSABSTRACTPreviously, we presented automated methods for thoracoabdominalasynchrony estimation and movement artifactdetection in respiratory inductance plethysmography (RIP)signals. This paper combines and improves these methodsto give a method for the automated, off-line detection ofpause, movement artifact, and asynchrony.Simulation studies demonstrated that the new combinedmethod is accurate and robust in the presence of noise.The new procedure was successfully applied tocardiorespiratory signals acquired postoperatively frominfants in the recovery room.A comparison of the events detected with the automatedmethod to those visually scored by an expert cliniciandemonstrated a higher agreement (? = 0.52) than thatamongst several human scorers (? = 0.31) in a clinicalstudy.The method provides the following advantages: first, it isfully automated; second, it is more efficient than visualscoring; third, the analysis is repeatable and standardized;fourth, it provides greater agreement with an expert scorercompared to the agreement between trained scorers; fifth,it is amenable to online detection; and lastly, it isapplicable to uncalibrated RIP signals. Examples ofapplications include respiratory monitoring of postsurgicalpatients and sleep studies.AUTOMATED URBAN DRINKING WATER SUPPLYCONTROL AND WATER THEFT IDENTIFICATION SYSTEMABSTRACTThe rapid growing of the wide urban residential areasimposes the expansion as well as the modernization of theexisting water supply facilities. Along with this one moreproblem is identified in the water supply channels, somepeople use ? HP to 1 HP pump to suck the water directlyfrom the channel of their home street.Process automation system based upon utilization of anindustrial PLC and PC systems including all the networkcomponents represents the best way to improve the waterdistribution technological process. The water theft can bebest monitored by the flow variations given by the flowsensors mounted on the channels.The system includes Remote Terminal Units - RTU,specific transducers and actuators distributed on a widegeographical area and control and power panels for thepump stations. The reliable instrumentation connected toPLC or RTU assure real time monitoring of the maintechnological parameters of large water distributionnetworks.The data acquired of SCADA system (Supervisory Controland Data Acquisition) represent the support foroptimization of the process and data- driven DecisionSupport System. The system uses HMI implemented on PCto ensure the process supervision and remote controlfunctions based on OPC technologies and wirelesscommunication components for WAN data transfer.The complete SCADA system for water distribution enablethe user to get a high operation safety of the network, acost effective use of equipment, energy efficiency andoptimize the daily operation and maintenance procedures.DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF A HOME EMBEDDEDSURVEILLANCE SYSTEM WITH ULTRA-LOW ALERTPOWERThis paper appears in: Consumer Electronics, IEEETransactions onABSTRACTIn this paper we design and implement a home embeddedsurveillance system with ultra-low alert power. Traditionalsurveillance systems suffer from an unnecessary waste ofpower and the shortcomings of memory conditions in theabsence of invasion. In this design we use PyroelectricInfrared sensors (PIR) and pressure sensors as the alertgroup in windows and doors where an intruder must passthrough.These low-power alert sensors wake up the MCU (MicroController Unit) which has power management for theultrasonic sensors and PIR sensors indoors. This statetransition method saves a large number of sensorsrequired for the alert power.We also use the Majority Voting Mechanism (MVM) tomanage the sensor groups to enhance the probability ofmultiple sensors sensing. After the MCU sends the sensorsignals to the embedded system, the program starts theWeb camera. Our sensing experiment shows that wereduce the system's power consumption.DESIGN OF LANDSLIDE WARNING SYSTEMABSTRACTIn recent years, the frequent occurrence of landslidedisasters, caused great harm to people's lives andproperties. This paper designs some wireless sensormonitoring nodes distributed on the hillside, theyconstruct a wireless data collection network based on theZigBee protocol.This design combines GSM wireless communicationtechnology and wireless sensor network, it havecompleted the work from the system solution to the wholeprocess of software and hardware design. The resultproves that each node works stably and the status ofnetwork communication is good.This design can collects the depth of water in themountain and the slope angle of the hillside, and providesthe monitoring center with warning information in time, sorelated departments can take effective measures rapidly toprotect people's lives and propertiesDESIGN OF MULTI-SENSOR INTEGRATED NAVIGATIONSYSTEM FOR LAND VEHICLEABSTRACTIn order to improve the accuracy and reliability of thevehicle navigation, we select the ring laser gyro (RLG)strapdown inertial navigation system (SINS) as the corenavigation system, and select GPS and odometer as thenavigation aids, the multisensor integrated navigationsystem for land vehicle based on the multi-sensorinformation fusion technology is designed andaccomplished in this paper.With respect to the advantages and disadvantages of allthe sensors, according to the actual work condition, in thissystem the sensors information is rationally selected asmeasurements, and the centralized Kalman filter algorithmis adopted to estimate and correct the errors of thesystem.Thus it can realize the high-accuracy, continuous andreliable navigation of the system. The theoretical analysisand experiment results show that the designed systemtakes on higher accuracy and reliability and satisfiesdifferent application demands, so it is more suitable forpractical application.DETECTION OF COGNITIVE INJURED BODY REGIONUSINGMULTIPLE TRIAXIAL ACCELEROMETERS FORELDERLY FALLINGABSTRACTThis paper aimed to use several triaxial accelerationsensor devices for joint sensing of injured body parts,when an accidental fall occurs. The model transmitted theinformation fed by the sensors distributed over variousbody parts to the computer through wireless transmissiondevices for further analysis and judgment, and employedcognitive adjustment method to adjust the accelerationrange of various body parts in different movements.The model can determine the possible occurrence of fallaccidents, when the acceleration significantly exceeds theusual acceleration range. In addition, after a fall accidentoccurs, the impact acceleration and normal (habitual)acceleration can be compared to determine the level ofinjury.This study also implemented a sensing system foranalysis. The area of the body parts that may sustaingreater impact force are marked red in this system, so thatmore information can be provided for medical personnelfor more accurate judgment.DEVELOPMENT OF A DISTRIBUTED DATA COLLECTIONSYSTEM BASED ON EMBEDDED ETHERNETABSTRACTWe describe a low cost distributed data collection systembased on embedded Ethernet. Embedded Ethernet isnothing but a microcontroller, which is able tocommunicate with the network. Low cost microcontrollershave memory limitations, and therefore, have limitedconnectivity options.Enabling a microcontroller to communicate to a datacommunication network would allow greater flexibility andenhance their usage in several applications that requiredistributed data collection, monitoring or controlling suchapplications.ENHANCED VOICE ACTIVITY DETECTION USINGACOUSTIC EVENT DETECTION AND CLASSIFICATIONConsumer Electronics, IEEE Transactions onABSTRACTWe examine user-friendly voice interface that requires thehands-free speech acquisition in the continuouslylistening environment. The traditional voice activitydetection (VAD) algorithms cannot successfully identifypotential acoustic event sounds from speech. This makesthe speech recognition system frequently or incorrectlyactivated.In this paper, we propose a novel voice activity detectiontechnique that consists of two major modules: 1)classification and 2) detection module. In the classificationmodule, we label the successive audio segments based onthe training models. Then, in the detection module, weremove the acoustic event sounds and make decision ofthe explicit utterance boundary from the input audiostream.As a result, the proposed technique enables the efficientoperation of speech recognition in the continuouslylistening environment without any touch and/or key input.Experiments in a real-world environment and performancecomparison with state-of-the-art techniques are conductedto demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposedtechnique.FAULT LOCATION IN UNDERGROUND POWERNETWORKS: A CASE STUDYThis paper appears in: Innovative Smart Grid Technologies(ISGT), 2011 IEEE PESABSTRACTThe present paper addresses the topic of fault location inpower networks with cable lines. In the era of smart-gridthe demand of intelligent measurement systems capable ofproviding quickly and with high accuracy the right locationof faults in power networks is growing fast. Manyproposals can be found in literature relevant to differentapproaches. Some commercial instrumentation is alsoavailable on the market for this purpose.Protection relays implementing this feature can either befound. This paper presents the experimental results of ameasurement campaign carried out in the MV powernetwork in the city of Milan (Italy). For this purpose thelocal Utility (A2A SpA) is using a commercial distributedmeasurement system (the ALTEA FLS) for locating bothfaults and also fast transients due to customers' loadsoperation.Preliminary experimental results have shown goodperformance. They have been better analyzed in order toinvestigate over the reliability and the accuracy of suchmeasurement system.FEATURE SELECTION FOR ACCELEROMETER-BASEDPOSTUREANALYSIS IN PARKINSON’S DISEASEThis paper appears in: Information Technology inBiomedicine, IEEE Transactions onABSTRACTPosture analysis in quiet standing is a key component ofthe clinical evaluation of Parkinson's disease (PD),postural instability being one of PD's major symptoms.The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of usingaccelerometers to characterize the postural behavior ofearly mild PD subjects.Twenty PD and 20 control subjects, wearing anaccelerometer on the lower back, were tested in fiveconditions characterized by sensory and attentionalperturbation. A total of 175 measures were computed fromthe signals to quantify tremor, acceleration, anddisplacement of body sway.Feature selection was implemented to identify the subsetsof measures that better characterize the distinctivebehavior of PD and control subjects. It was based ondifferent classifiers and on a nested cross validation, tomaximize robustness of selection with respect to changesin the training set.Several subsets of three features achievedmisclassification rates as low as 5%. Many of themincluded a tremor-related measure, a postural measure inthe frequency domain, and a postural displacementmeasure. Results suggest that quantitative postureanalysis using a single accelerometer and a simple testprotocol may provide useful information to characterizeearly PD subjects. This protocol is potentially usable tomonitor the disease's progressionINTELLIGENT ONLINE MEASUREMENT ANDMANAGEMENT OF ENERGY METER DATA THROUGHADVANCED WIRELESS NETWORKABSTRACTRecently the Electrical supply companies are trying toadopt the electronic measurement of energy consumptiondata because of reduced manufacturing cost, improvedmeasurement accuracy, increased timely information,miniature size and many other benefits that go well beyondthe traditional rotor-plate energy meter type.In this paper with the help of an energy chip, an improvedenergy metering solution is developed, where automatingthe progression of measurement through digital wirelesscommunication technique is adopted to get the abovebenefits along with smooth control. The developed energymeter calculates the total average active power mainly forresidential consumers.The hardware circuit accepts single phase voltage andcurrents as its inputs and provides the output in the formof logic data proportional to the average real power. Thisdata is fed to a remote computer server through thewireless ZigBee network that represents the concept ofdistant wireless metering, practically involving nomanpower. This paper also presents a software solutiondeveloped for total electrical energy billing and datamanagement system.LED INDICATOR FOR HEART RATE MONITORING SYSTEMIN SPORT APPLICATIONThis paper appears in: Signal Processing and itsApplications (CSPA), 2011 IEEE 7th InternationalColloquium onABSTRACTThis paper presents a current invention for monitoring theathletes' heart rate during training or exercise session. Abracelet with different color code of Light Emitting Diode(LED) is designed as a wrist heart rate monitor.This color-coding makes the heart rate easier to monitorand enabling the user to know their heart rate range at acertain moment. Our works investigate the used of Zigbeeand ANT+ as a transmission medium from transmitter(chest strap) to receiver (bracelet).Different colors signify different ranges of heart rate.Preliminary result demonstrated that it is very helpful forathletes and coaches to monitor the fitness level ofathletes and regulate their exercise training regime in amore effective and safer mannerMODEL-BASED OPTIMAL EFFICIENCY CONTROL OFINDUC-TION GENERATORS FOR WIND POWER SYSTEMSABSTRACTIn this paper, a novel control algorithm for optimaloperating efficiency of induction generators for windpower generation is presented. The proposed method isbased on the flux level reduction, where the flux level iscomputed from the machine model for the optimum d-axiscurrent of the generator.For the vector-controlled induction generator, the d-axiscurrent controls the excitation level in order to minimizethe generator loss while the q-axis current controls thegenerator torque, by which the speed of the inductiongenerator is controlled according to the variation of thewind speed in order to produce the maximum outputpower.An experimental setup has been implemented in laboratoryto validate the theoretical development. The experimentalresults show that the loss minimization process is moreeffective at low wind speed and that the percent of powersaving can approach to 25%. Experimental results areshown to verify the validity of the proposed schemeMOTION COMPENSATION WITH ONE-AXIS GYROSCOPEAND TWO-AXIS ACCELEROMETER FOR AUTOMOTIVESARABSTRACTOn the basis of a previous one-axis accelerometer motioncompensation system for automotive SAR, an updatedscheme is presented in this paper, which contains a oneaxisgyroscope and two-axis accelerometer.The requirement for extra Degrees of Freedom (DoF) leadsto a new motion signal model. The complete procedure ofcalculating motion deviation in image display plane (IDP)from the raw roll angle rate and accelerations measured inbody frame has been presented.The requirement for the Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU)has been analyzed quantitatively. According to the outfieldmeasurements, the improved motion compensationsystem can cope with worse road conditions.ON-LINE RECOGNITION OF DRIVING ROAD CONDITIONUSING SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINEABSTRACTA person operating a mobile robot in a remoteenvironment receives a realistic visual feedback about thecondition of the road on where the mobile robot is moving.A categorization of the road condition is necessary toevaluate the condition for safe and comfortable driving.For this purpose, the mobile robot should be capable ofrecognizing and classifying the condition of the roadsurfaces. In a previous research, author proposed amethod to recognize the type of the road surfaces on thebasis of the friction between the mobile robot and the roadsurfaces.The friction is estimated by a reaction torque observer,and a Support Vector Machine (SVM) is used to classifythe surfaces. In this paper, SVM is calculated on-line, andmulti-class classification is realized.Moreover, the operator is given feedback of hapticinformation by using mobile-hapto system As a result, theoperator is given visual and force feedback about roadcondition. By experiments, the validity of the proposedmethod is confirmed.OPTIMIZED WIND ENERGY HARVE STING SYSTEM USINGRESISTANCE EMULATOR AND ACTIVE RECTIFIER FORWIRELESS SENSOR NODESABSTRACTThis paper presents an optimized wind energy harvesting(WEH) system that uses a specially designed ultra-lowpower-management circuit for sustaining the operation ofa wireless sensor node.The proposed power management circuit has two distinctfeatures: 1) an active rectifier using MOSFETs forrectifying the low amplitude ac voltage generated by thewind turbine generator under low wind speed conditionefficiently and 2) a dc-dc boost converter with resistoremulation algorithm to perform maximum power pointtracking (MPPT) under varying wind-speed conditions.As compared to the conventional diode-bridge rectifier, itis shown that the efficiency of the active rectifier with alow input voltage of 1.2 V has been increased from 40% to70% due to the significant reduction in the ON-statevoltage drop (from 0.6 to 0.15 V) across each pair ofMOSFETs used.The proposed robust low-power microcontroller-basedresistance emulator is implemented with closed-loopresistance feedback control to ensure close impedancematching between the source and the load, resulting in anefficient power conversion.From the experimental test results obtained, an averageelectrical power of 7.86 mW is harvested by the optimizedWEH system at an average wind speed of 3.62 m/s, whichis almost four times higher than the conventional energyharvesting method without using the MPPT.PERFORMANCE OF POWER LINE COMMUNICATIONSYSTEMS WITH NOISE REDUCTION SCHEME FOR SMARTGRID APPLICATIONSThis paper appears in: Consumer Electronics, IEEETransactions onIn this paper, we propose clipping scheme and equalizeras methods to reduce the effects of impulsive noise andchannel attenuation in power line communication (PLC)system.Clipping is cutting off the amplitude of the received signalover threshold level without its phase change in order toreduce noise effects. The equalizer compensates foreffects of PLC channel. The performance is evaluated interms of bit error rate (BER).From simulation results, it is confirmed that the proposedclipping scheme has slightly better performance thanconventional PLC system. The results of the paper can beapplied to PLC systems for smart grid.PHYSICAL MOVEMENT MONITORING USING BODYSENSORNETWORKS: A PHONOLOGICAL APPROACH TOCONSTRUCT SPATIAL DECISION TREESThis paper appears in: Industrial Informatics, IEEETransactions onABSTRACTMonitoring human activities using wearable sensor nodeshas the potential to enable many useful applications foreveryday situations. Limited computation, battery lifetimeand communication bandwidth make efficient use of theseplatforms crucial.In this paper, we introduce a novel classification modelthat identifies physical movements from body-worn inertialsensors while taking collaborative nature and limitedresources of the system into consideration. Our actionrecognition model uses a decision tree structure tominimize the number of nodes involved in classification ofeach action.The decision tree is constructed based on the quality ofaction recognition in individual nodes. A clusteringtechnique is employed to group similar actions andmeasure quality of per-node identifications. We pose anoptimization problem for finding a minimal set of sensornodes contributing to the action recognition. We thenprove that this problem is NP-hard and provide fast greedyalgorithms to approximate the solution.Finally, we demonstrate the effectiveness of ourdistributed algorithm on data collected from five healthysubjects. In particular, our system achieves a 72.4%reduction in the number of active nodes while maintaining93.3% classification accuracy.AN INTELLIGENT BLIND ROD AND NAVIGATIONPLATFORM BASED ON ZIGBEE TECHNOLOGYABSTRACTThis article introduces an intelligent blind rod andnavigation platform based on ZigBee technology. Thisblind rod can detect and analyze the situation on road andwarn the blind to avoid obstacles by ultrasonicmeasurement.The navigation platform based on ZigBee technology canhelp the blind know different directions the path leads to.This intelligent blind rod can better serve for the blind'sindependent travel.THE RESEARCH ON ZIGBEE-BASED MINE SAFETYMONITORING SYSTEMABSTRACTIn this paper the research method of Mine SafetyMonitoring System based on ZigBee is elaborated, and thehardware design of ZigBee sensor node and systemsoftware design are discussed.The self-organizing routing algorithm for ZigBee networksand the gateway design and systems integration are alsostudied. ZigBee-based Mine Safety Monitoring System canachieve a variety of safety factors of production, andunderground environment (such as gas, temperature,humidity and other environmental indicators) formonitoring, controlling mine production, safetymanagement to provide a good basis for decision makingA NOVEL THREE PHASE ENERGY METER MODEL WITHWIRELESS DATA READING AND ONLINE BILLINGSOLUTIONABSTRACTMeasurement of data electronically leads a combination ofbenefits that go well beyond the traditional rotor-plateenergy meter design. In this paper with the help of anenergy chip, an improved novel three phase energymetering solution is developed. Automating theprogression of measurement through digital wirelesscommunication technique is done to get high accuracy,smooth control and better reliability.The developed energy meter calculates the total averageactive power mainly for industrial and commercialapplications. The hardware circuit accepts three phasevoltages and currents as its inputs and provides theoutput in the form of serial interfaced data equivalent tothe average real power.This serial data is fed to a remote personal computerthrough the wireless ZigBee network that represents theconcept of distant wireless metering, practically involvingno manpower. The paper also presents a software solutiondeveloped for total electrical energy billing and datamanagement systemDESIGN OF SENSOR MODULES OF ACTIVE &INTELLIGENT ENERGY-SAVING SYSTEMABSTRACTThis paper presented new methodology of intelligentenergy-saving system to accomplish the goal of realenergy-saving from the view-point of system-orientstrategy instead of materials.In this system design included sensors of temperature,humidity, luminance, CO2, and power detector (smartoutlets) in addition to designing backend intelligent agenttechnology to quickly response to the feedback controlsystem through hybrid net-work of ZigBee and Bluetoothtechnology which would sensor the running parametersand environment factors of energy-saving systemTRIAL & EXPERIMENTATION OF A SMART HOMEMONITORING SYSTEM FOR ELDERLYABSTRACTSmart home monitoring target to improve comfort, qualityof life, and safety by monitoring mobility and physiologicalparameters using wireless sensors. The wireless sensorsin a network are capable of performing various tasks andsense many types of information for different applications.This technology has ample potential to change the way welive and work. It has been observed that the population ofthe elderly people is in a steady raise throughout theworld. And the elderly wish to live in their own home aslong as possible, however if they prefer to live alone theydo however require constant monitoring, so that medicalhelp can be provided immediately in times of dire needs.Surely with the help of wireless sensors based homemonitoring there is a better way for these people to resolvethis problem. This paper will focus on the characteristicsof the sensors for this type of application.Performance of the smart home monitoring system, zigbeeradio frequency (RF) communication has been tested.Instead of using huge number of sensor to monitor smarthome, an approach of deploying a few but highly accuratenumbers of inexpensive smart sensors will be discussed.Also the requirement of the sensor for making a smartsensor network will be reviewed. A typical in-housedeveloped system for home monitoring for elder-careapplication will be presented.FLEXIBLE STRUCTURAL POWER MONITORING DEVICEWITH CLAMP TYPE CT SENSORSABSTRACTWe propose the ZigBee-based clamp type powermonitoring system to be applied in various environments.With these properties, it is expected to provide users theintelligent and detailed power managementA ZIGBEE SMART ENERGY IMPLEMENTATION FORENERGY EFFICIENT BUILDINGSABSTRACTEnergy efficiency in buildings is one of the promisingfields of application of wireless sensor networks. Simpleaffordable sensors can be used to monitor the powerconsumption of appliances in buildings to implementsmart algorithms in order to conserve energy.The ARTEMIS Joint Undertaking project eDIANA(Embedded Systems for Energy Efficient Buildings) fundedby the European Commission aims to improve energyefficiency in buildings by using embedded technologies. Inthe eDIANA platform the energy consumed by householdor office appliances is monitored by using IEEE802.15.4/Zigbee-compliant devices.In this paper we describe the prototype that we havedeveloped by using ZigBee Smart Energy Profile in orderto realize the eDIANA application scenarios. Moreover weprovide latency statistics and packet error rate obtainedthrough our test-bed in different monitoring scenariosFLOOD MONITORING OF DISTRIBUTION SUBSTATION INLOW-LYING AREAS USING WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKABSTRACTIn this paper, a novel wireless sensing network node with2.4 GHz communication and flood detection with 0.02volt/mm sensitivity is presented for flood monitoring ofdistribution substation of electrical utilities in low-lyingarea.The sensor node is as compact as 8 cm × 6 cm and a lowpower consumption of 860 mW. When a liquid leveldetector detects an abnormal water level near thesubstation room, a signal can be transmitted in 115 kbpsvia a Zigbee module to a control center. It may reduce therisks of damage of the substation and subsequentlyensure the power supply safety.VOICE RECOGNITION BASED WIRELESS HOMEAUTOMATION SYSTEMABSTRACTHome Automation industry is growing rapidly; this isfuelled by the need to provide supporting systems for theelderly and the disabled, especially those who live alone.Coupled with this, the world population is confirmed to begetting older. Home automation systems must comply withthe household standards and convenience of usage.This paper details the overall design of a wireless homeautomation system (WHAS) which has been built andimplemented. The automation centres on recognition ofvoice commands and uses low-power RF ZigBee wirelesscommunication modules which are relatively cheap.The home automation system is intended to control alllights and electrical appliances in a home or office usingvoice commands. The system has been tested and verified.The verification tests included voice recognition responsetest, indoor ZigBee communication test, and thecompression and decompression tests of DPCM(Differential Pulse Code Modulation) speech signals.The tests involved a mix of 35 male and female subjectswith different English accents. 35 different voicecommands were sent by each person. Thus the testinvolved sending a total of 1225 commands and 79.8% ofthese commands were recognised correctly.MEASUREMENT AND MONITORING OF PERFORMANCEPARAMETERS OF DISTRIBUTED SOLAR PANELS USINGWIRELESS SENSORS NETWORKABSTRACTThis paper has reported the design and development workof a wireless performance monitoring of distributed solarpanel along with automated data logging. The developedsystem is portable, simple and configured based on theavailable resources in the laboratory.The system can be extended for wide range of solar cellsfor material research and development activities. Thefabricated system has been used for our research and verysatisfactory results are obtained.ZIGBEE/GPS TRACKING SYSTEM FOR ROWING RACESABSTRACTIn this paper a ZigBee/GPS Tracking System for RowingRaces is presented. The system provides real-timemonitoring of boat position. Potential applicationsincludes, race monitoring, aided-training and safetysystems.The system is composed of two main types of modules,Mobile Units equipped with a GPS receiver (in the boat),and a fixed one composed by the Central Unit and theRace Manager, located in the operations room. Thecommunication between the Central and the Mobile unitsis provided by a point to multipoint ZigBee wirelessnetwork.At the current development stage a system prototype wasdeveloped and used for testing purposes. Preliminarytests, in order to make a first assessment of systemfunctionalities, were performed in a simulated landenvironment and the obtained results were promisingSIMULATION OF EARTHQUAKES AND TSUNAMITHROUGH GSM NETWORKABSTRACTEvery year thousands of people die because of earthquakeoccurs in a dangerous place or during a defenseless sleep.Here's a GSM-based seismic alert system that could warnbefore an earthquake strikes. Earthquakes strike withoutwarning.The resulting damage can be minimized and lives can besaved if people living in the earthquake-prone area arealready prepared to survive the strike. This requires awarning before strong ground motion from the earthquakearrival. Such a warning system is possible because ofenergy wave released at the epicenter of the earth quaketravels slower than light.The warning signal from the earthquake epicenter can betransmitted to different places using satellitecommunication network, fiber-optics network, pagerservice, Cell phone services or a combination of these.The satellite-based network is ideal when an alert systemhas to cover a large country like India.For earthquake-prone states like Gujarat, a seismic alertsystem using the global system for mobile communicationnetwork spread throughout the state is proposed here.This system does not try to find the epicenter or fault linecaused by the earthquake. It simply monitors the earthvibrations and generates alert signal when the level ofearth vibrations crosses a threshold.BLIND ASSISTANT NAVIGATION SYSTEMABSTRACTThis paper presents the architecture as well as theimplementation of a system that helps blind personnavigate independently within an enclosed environmentsuch as the home. The system uses a wireless meshnetwork to provide the first level localization.It also incorporates additional components to providemore refined location and orientation information. Optimalpath planning is done by a server that communicateswirelessly with the portable mobile unit that can be pushedby the blind person.The blind person issues commands and receives directionresponses using audio signals.AUTOMATIC DOCKING SYSTEM FOR RECHARGING HOMESURVEILLANCE ROBOTSThis paper appears in: Consumer Electronics, IEEETransactions onABSTRACTThis paper presents the development and characterizationof a surveillance robot with automatic docking andrecharging capabilities for home security. The proposedsystem is composed of a surveillance robot and a dockingstation.The palm-sized surveillance robot has a triangular shapewith three wheels. It communicates with the generalwireless home router through WiFi. It communicates withthe docking station through ZigBee and serves as a mobilewireless sensor network gateway. The docking station hasa trapezoidal structure with an arc-shaped dockinginterface.A docking method based on the self-localization of therobot and the infrared detectors of the docking station isproposed. The robot can return to the docking station forrecharging operations when the on-board battery is toolow. The experimental results show that the prototyperobot achieved a success rate of 90% after 60 differentdocking attempts.DIGITAL CONTROL FOR HOME LIGHTING SYSTEMS WITHZIGBEE COMMUNICATIONABSTRACTFor the digital control of fluorescent, in candescent andLED lamps, our design contains an integrated lightingcontroller based on an embedded system, interfacecircuits, ZigBee communication and a user-friendly GUI ona handheld device.MONITORING PATIENTS' SIGNS WIRELESSLYABSTRACTRecent developments in off-the-shelf wireless embeddedcomputing boards and the increasing need for efficienthealth monitoring systems, fueled by the increasingnumber of patients, has prompted R&D professionals toexplore better health monitoring systems that are bothmobile and cheap.This work investigates the feasibility of using the ZigBeeembedded technology in health-related monitoringapplications. Selected vital signs of patients are acquiredusing sensor nodes and readings are transmittedwirelessly using devices that utilize the ZigBeecommunications protocols. A prototype system has beendeveloped and tested with encouraging resultsDESIGN OF A WIRELESS MEDICAL MONITORING SYSTEMABSTRACTThis paper provides the design of a Medical MonitoringTerminal use C8051F021 MCU and CC2420 RF chip basedon Zigbee technology.The Monitoring Terminal can detect the patient's real -timebody temperature, heart rate and other physiologicalinformations, and transmit them to the control center.REAL TIME PADDY CROP FIELD MONITORING USINGZIGBEE NETWORKABSTRACTSensors are the essential device for precision agriculturalapplications. In this paper we have detailed about how toutilize the sensors in paddy crop field area and explainedabout Wireless Sensor Network (WSN), Zigbee network,Protocol stack, zigbee Applications and the results aregiven, when implemented the zigbee networkexperimentally in real time environment.This paper proposed idea about monitoring the crop fieldarea without human interaction. The fundamental conceptof this paper is to provide a highly enabled monitoring ofcrop field. This paper is focus on the sensing andmonitoring of the crop field and gives various sensinganalyzes in the paddy crop field.RF FINGERPRINTING PHYSICAL OBJECTS FORANTICOUNTERFEITING APPLICATIONSABSTRACTRendering typical RF identification (RFID) tags physicallyunique and hard to near-exactly replicate bycomplementing them with unique RF certificates ofauthenticity (RF-CoAs) can prove a valuable tool againstcounterfeiting.This paper introduces a new robust RFID system withenhanced hardware-enabled authentication andanticounterfeiting capabilities that relies on the near-fieldRF effects between a 5 × 5 antenna array and the uniquelymodified substrate of the RF-CoAs.A microcontroller-enabled, low-power, and low-cost readeris used to accurately extract the near-field response (“RFfingerprint”) of the certificates meant to complementtypical RFID tags in the 5-6-GHz frequency range.The RF characterization of all the reader's components,with an emphasis on the accuracy provided, has beenperformed. The state diagram of the fast and accuratereader operation is outlined. Rigorous performance andsecurity test results are presented and verify the uniquefeatures of this technology.FIELD TRIALS AND PERFORMANCE MONITORING OFDISTRIBUTED SOLAR PANELS USING A LOW COSTWIRELESS SENSORS NETWORK FOR DOMESTICAPPLICATIONSABSTRACTUse of solar panel is gaining an ever increasing foothold insociety, especially on the roof of the houses for feedingdomestic electrical appliances in recent times. In manysituations the expensive solar panels stop working due tosome external nuisances which goes unnoticed to theusers.There is a need of a low-cost monitoring system to getinformation of the defected solar panels for timely repairand maintenance. The design, development and trial workof a performance monitoring system of distributed solarpanels along with automated data logging based on a lowcostwireless sensors network has been reported to helpthe current situation.The developed system can be used up to 146 V and 15.5Asolar cell systems with automatic selection of bestresolutions. The system can be extended for wide range ofsolar cells for material research and developmentactivities. The fabricated system has been used for fieldtrials and very satisfactory results are obtained.TORSIONAL-VIBRATION ASSESSMENT AND GEARFAULTDIAGNOSISIN RAILWAY TRACTION SYSTEMABSTRACTThe diagnosis of mechanical faults in railway tractionsystems (RTSs) has a significant importance on bothsafety and reliability, which can avoid train crashes. Thispaper deals with torsional-vibration assessment and gearfaultdiagnosis in the mechanical transmission of a highspeedRTS by a fully noninvasive technique.Previous studies on a simple gearbox-basedelectromechanical system have shown that the influenceof gearbox torsional vibrations on the torque and on thestator-current signatures are obvious.The aim of this paper is to demonstrate that the tractionmotor can be considered as a torque sensor through itselectromagnetic-torque estimation for torsional-vibrationmonitoring without any extra mechanical sensor.The effects of both tooth-damage and surface-wear faultsat the output wheel on the stator current and on theestimated electromagnetic torque have been investigated.The results of the estimation are compared with themeasured mechanical torque and validated through areduced-scale RTS in both stationary and nonstationaryconditions.DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION FOR AMBULANCEROUTE SEARCH BASED ON THE INTERNET OF THINGSABSTRACTThe internet of things (IoT) is a network to realizeinterconnects between almost any object and webservices. It can be applied in many domains, such as radiofrequency identification (RFID), wireless sensornetwork(WSN) and so on. The application of IoT brings usthe higher efficiency and the more convenient life.In this paper, we propose a new IoT application frameworkto search the optimal routes for the ambulances withtaking into account the effects for the traffic in theambulance running time. In this system, with the help ofthe RFID tags in the ambulances and wireless sensornodes on the roads, the dispatch control center in thehospital can collect the real-time traffic conditions wherewireless sensor nodes locates.The report messages are sent to the control center by themulti-hop method. Based on the information coming fromsensor nodes, the control center forecasts the optical pathto provide the fastest route for the ambulances.In this decision process, the control center will ignoresome information from the nodes, which have highertraffic jam than the average. Experimental results showthat our system can provide the best route to theambulances. And it also has the more potentialapplications in wide areas.WEIGHING SYSTEM OF FRUIT-TRANSPORTATIONGYROCAR BASED ON ARMThe pilot less fruit-transportation gyro car works in theeconomic forest, avoiding the obstacle on the rail is theprerequisite of its safe working. An ultrasonic obstacleavoidance system of fruit-transportation gyro car based onARM embedded system is introduced in this article.The functions of the system are implemented. It couldmake the gyro car stop when detect an obstacle and sendsthe information of obstacle to the monitoring clientthrough GPRS. Through the test, the ultrasonic obstacleavoidance system performs well and reliable.VEHICLE INFRASTRUCTURE INTEGRATION SYSTEMUSING VISIONSENSORS TO PREVENT ACCIDENTS INTRAFFIC FLOWABSTRACTThis study describes the development of a vision sensorfor detecting shock waves which is one of the main factorsof accidents in highway traffic flow. The majorcontributions of this research are development of vehicletracking and detection of shock wave in saturated traffic.Moreover, realisation of a vehicle infrastructure integration(VII) system for providing arrival information of suchpropagation to drivers is proposed. The experiment on theanalysis of the propagation with the developed imagesensor has shown that an error might occur in the arrivaltime information of the propagation provided to the driver.Therefore a prediction technique at the arrival time of thepropagation is integrated in the authors' system. By usingthis prediction technique and taking the error tolerance ofdrivers into account, the experimental results show thatprediction success rates are improved by about 5%.LOCON: A LOCATION BASED SERVICES PLATFORM TOIMPROVE AIRPORT SAFETYABSTRACTLocation and context awareness services have generated alot of interest in the recent years, becoming a key featureto many applications of mobile devices. The rapiddevelopment in wireless communications and in satellitenavigation systems also contributed to the popularity oflocation based services.The location technologies when properly combined canprovide valuable event driven services to notify usersabout ongoing occurrences, creating important advancesin surveillance activities. This is particularly relevant foroperational environments where surveillance of surfacemovement's through electronic means represents a majorchallenge. Although advantages in location based serviceshave opened up new perspectives at validating safety andsecurity requirements in environments such as airports,harbours, or industrial plants, there are, however differentways to look at these services to provide locationawareness.This paper presents a contribution developed in anEuropean research project called LocON that implements ageneric platform to provide a set of location basedservices using different wireless location technologies.The location awareness provided by the LoCON platformrelies on multiple location-based technologies whichcooperate at providing the data to a middleware layer.Based on a data fusion process the positioning data arepassed to the application layer enabling operationaldecision makers to monitor and track events according tobusiness logic. LocON is being tested at Faro airport inPortugal to validate how well it can improve airport safetyand security procedures.PV POWER SYSTEM ENERGY CONTROL RESEARCH INMICRO GRIDABSTRACTMicro-grid technology can integrate the advantages ofdistributed generation power system, to provide users withquality and reliable electricity.This paper designs the photovoltaic system which is shortfor PV based on the energy storage structure which notonly analyses the energy flow direction of the chargingand discharging circuit, but also designs the controlstrategy of charging and discharging system in detail.Through modeling and simulating by PSCAD platform,micro-grid will strongly shows a good effect on improvingpower quality.CONTROL OF BRUSHLESS DC MOTOR WITH AN AVRMICROCONTROLLERABSTRACTThis paper illustrates the basic work principle of abrushless DC motor and presents its control method.According to the method, a control system of a brushlessDC Motor is designed using an AVR microcontroller.Design of the control system includes hardware circuitdesigning and software programming.The hardware structure of the control system consists of amicrocontroller ATmega64, power supply circuit, positiondetection circuit, current chopper circuit, power drivingcircuit, display circuit and keyboard circuit and so on. Thesoftware is developed by c program language.The software includes main program, initializationprogram, PWM duty ratio reload program, speedcalculation program, closed-loop PID regulation program,interrupt service program, LCD display program, keyboardprogram etc. The experiment result shows that the systemis with an excellent dynamic and static performance. I tsoperation is reliable.A SCHEME FOR THE APPLICATION OF SMART MESSAGELANGUAGE IN A WIRELESS METER READING SYSTEMABSTRACTIn order to solve the problems of the communicationamong various metering devices in the traditional wirelessmeter reading system, Smart Message Language (SML)which is the definition of the German national standard forAutomatic Meter Reading System is introduced.In this paper, the Wireless Meter Reading system isdeveloped based on WI-FI, with the monitoring terminal ofthe hardware platform made up of Marvell 88W8686, theARM7 processor and peripheral circuits, using ?C/OS-IIoperating system and LwIP protocol. VC++ and MDBdatabase is used to develop a management software.SML protocol is adopted to design the format of the dataframe to create a unified data structure for dataprocurement. This system archives the function of readingmeter data from hardware, data processing and storage.The experiment result proves that this type of datastructure improves the transmission efficiency and theperformance of the system and is suitable forimplementation in low-power embedded systems.HARDWARE–SOFTWARE CODE SIGN OF AUTOMATICSPEECH RECOGNITION SYSTEM FOR EMBEDDED REALTIMEAPPLICATIONSABSTRACTWe present a hardware-software coprocessing speechrecognizer for real-time embedded applications. Thesystem consists of a standard microprocessor and ahardware accelerator for Gaussian mixture model (GMM)emission probability calculation implemented on a fieldprogrammablegate array. The GMM accelerator isoptimized for timing performance by exploiting dataparallelism.In order to avoid large memory requirement, theaccelerator adopts a double buffering scheme foraccessing the acoustic parameters with no assumptionmade on the access pattern of these parameters.Experiments on widely used benchmark data show that thereal-time factor of the proposed system is 0.62, which isabout three times faster than the pure software-basedbaseline system, while the word accuracy rate is preservedat 93.33%.As a part of the recognizer, a new adaptive beam-pruningalgorithm is also proposed and implemented, which furtherreduces the average real-time factor to 0.54 with the wordaccuracy rate of 93.16%. The proposed speech recognizeris suitable for integration in various types of voice(speech)-controlled applications.IMPLEMENTING ZIGBEE PROTOCOL AS ASSIGNMENTS INTEACHING EMBEDDED SYSTEMSABSTRACTIn Computer Engineering 2b, one of the Level 7 courses inthe Bachelor of Engineering Technology programmeoffered at Christchurch Polytechnic Institute ofTechnology, a “real world” project is always used asassignments for teaching and assessment.In the recent years, one of these assignments is toimplement the ZigBee protocol in the in-house developedmicro controller training kit.Involving emerging technologies of the wireless sensorcontrol network in the assignment has stimulatedstudents' interest, not only in embedded systems but alsoin other areas such as wireless communications.DISCUSSIONS ON ACCESSIBILITY IN INDUSTRIALAUTOMATION SYSTEMSABSTRACTImportance of industrial automation systems [1], alsoknown as technical devices, has been a growing areaduring the past decades. Web applications from one sideand industrial automation systems from the other sidehave become a standard part of people's daily life andmore user groups have to deal with them.Hence they must be accessible to all users. Unfortunately,often by the development of such systems, certain usergroups are being neglected. Therefore, a systematicconcept is required to support the development ofindustrial automation systems and Web applications.In this paper, we will present the concept, which isproposed in the context of a research project funded byDeutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG)a. We willdiscuss the suited methods to effectively assessaccessibility PARISON OF EMBEDDED SYSTEM DESIGN FORINDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONSABSTRACTThis paper presents a survey on embedded systemsdesign and applications. Several platforms for embeddedsystems, including microcontrollers, microprocessors,field-programmable gate arrays, digital signal processors,and application-specific integrated circuits are discussedand compared.A survey of embedded system-based industrialapplications is presented. Examples of real -life designdecisions specific to development of such systems arealso presented.The carefully selected three design case study examplesinclude industrial control of wind tunnel with emphasis onactuator control, a mobile robot navigation system withemphasis on integration and synchronization of severalsubsystems, and optimized implementation ofcomputationally intensive control system on a smallmicrocontroller system.DESIGN OF ON-LINE INTERACTIVE DATA ACQUISITIONAND CONTROL SYSTEM FOR EMBEDDED REAL TIMEAPPLICATIONSABSTRACTDesign of on-line embedded web server is a challengingpart of many embedded and real time data acquisition andcontrol system applications. The World Wide Web is aglobal system of interconnected computer networks thatuse the standard Internet Protocol Suite (TCP/IP) to servebillion of users worldwide and allows the user to interfacemany real time embedded applications like dataacquisition, Industrial automations and safety measuresetc,.This paper approached towards the design anddevelopment of on-line Interactive Data Acquisition andControl System (IDACS) using ARM based embedded webserver. It can be a network, intelligent and digitaldistributed control system. Single chip IDACS methodimproves the processing capability of a system andovercomes the problem of poor real time and reliability.This system uses ARM9 Processor portability with RealTime Linux operating system (RTLinux RTOS) it makes thesystem more real time and handling various processesbased on multi tasking and reliable schedulingmechanisms.Web server application is ported into an ARM processorusing embedded `C' language. Web pages are written byHyper text markup language (HTML); it is beneficial for realtime IDACS, Mission critical applications, ATM networksand more.DATABASE DESIGN ON EMBEDDED HOME GATEWAYAND WEB SERVER IMPLEMENTATIONABSTRACTThis paper analyzes database requirement of embeddeddevelopment and embedded Web server, combines withthe database design on embedded home gateway usingSQLite architecture, and implements the SQLite embeddeddatabase on home gateway. Web server is successfullyported, and embedded Linux operation system is ported tohome gateway platform.A SYSTEM FOR THE DYNAMIC CONTROL AND THERMALCHARACTERIZATION OF ULTRA LOW POWER GASSENSORSABSTRACTThis paper describes a system for the simultaneousdynamic control and thermal characterization of theheating and cooling phases of an ultralow-power (ULP)micromachined sensor, featuring thermal characteristicsthat are quite similar to those of innovative ULPsemiconducting metal-oxide gas sensors.A pulsewidth-modulated (PWM) excitation system hasbeen realized using a microcontroller featuring an ARM7core to characterize the thermal behavior of a deviceformed by a Pt microheater and a Pt temperature sensor,over an insulating membrane. Three operating modes, i.e.,constant target heater resistance, constant heating power,and cooling phase monitoring, were implemented.Objectives of the research were to analyze the relationbetween the time period and duty cycle of the PWM signaland the operating temperature of such ULPmicromachined systems, to observe the thermal timeconstants of the device during the heating and coolingphases, and to measure the total thermal conductance.Experiments indicated that an approximately constantheater temperature in the constant target heater resistanceregime (i.e., after the initial thermal transient due to theheating algorithm) can only be obtained if the time periodof the heating signal is smaller than 50 ?s, i.e., much fasterthan the time constant of the device.Constant power experiments show quantitatively a uniquetime constant ? for both the heater and the temperaturesensor (T-sensor) in the heating phase (with a knownapplied power) and the cooling phase (with zero power).This time constant decreases during heating in a range of2.3-2 ms as a function of an increasing temperature rise ?Tbetween the ambient and the operating temperature.Moreover, we observed that, in the chosen operatingtemperature range, the thermal conductance is a linearfunction of ?T. Finally, repeatability of experimental resultswas assessed by guaranteeing that the standard deviationof the controlled temperature was within ±5.5°C in worstcaseconditions.IMPLEMENTATION OF IN-VEHICLE MULTI-SENSORINFORMATION FUSION GATEWAY FOR COOPERATIVEDRIVINGActive safety is an important feature of a modern vehicle toprovide precaution warning or compensatory controlbefore the pre-crash stage of vehicle safety. All vehiclesignals and information are acquired by several in-vehiclesensors on ECUs or surrounding vehicles, and integratedin vehicle gateway through in-vehicle or vehicle-to-vehiclecommunications.The information exchanged among the host andsurrounding vehicles provides comprehensive vehicle anddriving status of each vehicle, so the driver can drive moresafely with the cooperative driving mechanism. Thedemonstration system consists of a vehicle gateway,which is based on a heterogeneous multi-core processor,consisting of one ARM core for I/O control and systemmanagement and two DSP cores for intensive computationof information fusion.After reaching within the communication limit, the vehiclesset up time synchronization and then exchange vehicleinformation. The acquired sensor data and receivedvehicle information are time aligned and fed into PACDSPs for information fusion, which consists of fourphases, signal processing, location mapping, trajectoryprediction and risk assessment.The risk assessment evaluates the probability of car crashand broadcast the warning message to its surroundingvehicles, if the risk level is raised beyond a threshold. Thecooperative driving is fulfilled by sharing the vehicleinformation and emergency warning through wirelesscommunication, so a driver can be aware of the dangeroussituation and also be suggested an adequate responseearlier.THE RESEARCH ON OPTIMAL PARKING SPACE CHOICEMODEL IN PARKING LOTSABSTRACTIn order to deal with the parking guidance issue of theparking guidance and information system in the parkinglots, the behavior of choosing parking space was analyzedto build the optimal parking space choice model in theparking lots.Based on the specific situation of the parking lots, thehabits and preferences of the drivers when parking theircars were all taken into consideration in this model. Aftersummarizing the key factors which may influence drivers'parking space choice, a multiple attribute decision parkingmodel is proposed to help PGIS in the parking lots choosethe optimal parking space for drivers.A case is presented to verify the proposed model. Theresults show that the model can choose the optimalparking space and provide effective guidance for drivers. Itcan also take the drivers less time to find the parkingspace and it will take great help to the intelligentmanagement for the parking guidance and informationsystem, too.MONORAIL CAR’S WIRELESS CONTROL SYSTEM BASEDON SMARTPHONE PLATFORMABSTRACTTo meet the mountainous districts situation in China, thispaper introduces a monorail car's wireless control systemused in orchard which is based on smart phone and GPRSwireless communication technology.The system can obtain monorail car's speed and positioninformation by rotary encoder, control and transmit databy wireless communication.A SMS module on Windows Mobile Embedded OS 6.1 isdeveloped based on GSM protocol system. Smart phonecan receive car's initial information and send orders to theon-vehicle controller for operating the car by GSMmessage.It describes how the hardware platform works and how toaccomplish the design with software. Meanwhile, it teststhe data transmission time and makes improvement. Therational design makes it easier to operate, which is provedto be available by tests.MEASURING NEUROMUSCULAR CONTROL DYNAMICSDURING CAR FOLLOWING WITH CONTINUOUS HAPTICFEEDBACKABSTRACTIn previous research, a driver support system that usescontinuous haptic feedback on the gas pedal to informdrivers of the separation to the lead vehicle wasdeveloped. Although haptic feedback has been previouslyshown to be beneficial, the influence of the underlyingbiomechanical properties of the driver on the effectivenessof haptic feedback is largely unknown.The goal of this paper is to experimentally determine thebiomechanical properties of the ankle–foot complex (i.e.,the admittance) while performing a car-following task,thereby separating driver responses to visual feedbackfrom those to designed haptic feedback. An experimentwas conducted in a simplified fixed-base driving simulator,where ten participants were instructed to follow a leadvehicle, with and without the support of haptic feedback.During the experiment, the lead vehicle velocity wasperturbed, and small stochastic torque perturbations wereapplied to the pedal. Both perturbations were separated inthe frequency domain to allow the simultaneous estimationof frequency response functions of both the car-followingcontrol behavior and the biomechanical admittance. Forcomparison to previous experiments, the admittance wasalso estimated during three classical motion control tasks(resist forces, relax, and give way to forces).The main experimental hypotheses were that, first, thehaptic feedback would encourage drivers to adopt a “giveway to force task,” resulting in larger admittancecompared with other tasks and, second, drivers neededless control effort to realize the same car-followingperformance. Time- and frequency-domain analysesprovided evidence for both hypotheses.The developed methodology allows quantification of therange of admittances that a limb can adopt during vehiclecontrol or while performing a variety of motion controltasks. It thereby allows detailed computational drivermodeling and provides valuable information on how todesign an- - d evaluate continuous haptic feedbacksystems.MOBILE ROBOT FOR OVERHEAD POWER LINEINSPECTION AND A CONTROLLING METHOD FOROBSTACLE AVOIDANCEABSTRACTThis paper designs a mobile robot for overhead powerlineinspection and a controlling method for obstacleavoidance, which is composed of three suspender armwith the three-coordinate rolling wheel machine, threenodeCAN bus system and wireless image transmissionwith CCD.The suspender arm includes the straight line synchrostraprail bar for mobile in breadth, the gear-rack machinefor moving horizontally, the synchro-strap rail bar formoving vertically and the driving machine with a rollingwheel.Every suspender arm can move in three right-anglecoordinate direction through the motor with aphotoelectric coder,in which the sensors are built for thepurpose of detecting the obstacles such as the quakeproofbar, line clamp and down-lead etc.The controlling system can realizes the whole robotmachine rolls along the powerline in a long distance andavoids obstacles automatically by driving relevant motorfor suspender arm's three-coordinate moving based forprogram after analyzing the inputting sensors' signalincluding the sensors for detecting the obstacles andphotoelectric coders.THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE INTELLIGENTTRANSPORT SYSTEM FOR THE REAL-TIME ROADSIDEENVIRONMENT INFORMATION TRANSFERABSTRACTThe paper proposed a novel system “RTCS (Real-TimeControl System for road environment)” to preventaccidents of drivers. This paper deployed sensors onroads and used these sensors to collect information tocoordinators. How to use sensors to prevent accidents invehicular environment is an interesting issue.Vehicles are equipped with OBU (On-Board Unit) and usethe OBU to query information if the coordinator or RSU(Road-Side Unit) is located in its communication range.This system also distributed events into different prioritydue to the different damages.For your example, RSU collects and analyzes the roadsideinformation for the driver's safety and which provides toan OBU and a management system according to theservice priority. In the higher rank terminal, the developedIP-based set-top box application provides informationsuch as the traffic information, road environmentalinformation, environmental sensor station error, and etc.The system has a high potential to improve traffic in twoways. First, it collects local environmental data and passesit to a central facility to further process it and pass it tovehicles. Second, it takes care that urgent localinformation is passed directly and thus quickly to localvehicles which increases traffic safety.The paper presents architecture to connect a USN(Ubiquitous Sensor Network) with the ITS (IntelligentTransport System) consisting of connected OBU and RSU.The goal of the system is to provide the ITS with localenvironmental data gathered by the USN nodes.REAL TIME PADDY CROP FIELD MONITORING USINGZIGBEE NETWORKABSTRACTSensors are the essential device for precision agriculturalapplications. In this paper we have detailed about how toutilize the sensors in paddy crop field area and explainedabout Wireless Sensor Network (WSN), Zigbee network,Protocol stack, zigbee Applications and the results aregiven, when implemented the zigbee networkexperimentally in real time environment. This paper proposed idea about monitoring the crop fieldarea without human interaction. The fundamental conceptof this paper is to provide a highly enabled monitoring ofcrop field. This paper is focus on the sensing andmonitoring of the crop field and gives various sensinganalyzes in the paddy crop field.A ZERO CONFIGURED HOMECAREGATEWAY USING ZIGBEEABSTRACTThis paper presents a zero configuration HomeCaregateway which enables the remote patient monitoring.The proposed solution facilitates the automatic servicediscovery from ZigBee medical sensor network and alsothe doctor could adjust the monitoring configuration byuploading a new service profile to telemedical platform.It is believe that the proposed solution could achieve winwinsituation for both patient and doctor.A PRAGMATIC APPROACH TO AID VISUALLY IMPAIREDPEOPLE IN READING, VISUALIZING ANDUNDERSTANDING TEXTUAL CONTENTS WITH ANAUTOMATIC ELECTRONIC PENABSTRACTBlindness is an obstacle that is not even comprehendiblefor the non-blind. Many day-to-day activities may becomechallenging, complicated and may require much morelabor for those with eye-sight problems or blindness.One of the major problems they face is understandingvisual or text information which are not in the Braille form.Not every written or printed document that a blind personwould like to read is available in Braille. A blind cannotread any of the handwritten documents. They feel it verydifficult, while someone has to read it for them. This is thefundamental issue that we deal with, and try to solve, witha new piece of technology, which is essentially anautomated text-to-audio converting pen.According to this keynote concept, any piece of text that aperson would like to read/understand is converted to anaudio signal. This audio signal is transmitted to theperson's ears through wireless technology such asZigBee.Since this technology is in the form of a pen, it is veryconvenient to use and is also portable. This instrument isradical and can definitely be a empowering force in a blindperson's life, and can be helpful in relieving them of theirfrustration of not being able to read whatever they want,thus making their life easier.EVIDENCE COLLECTION FROM CAR BLACK BOXESUSING SMART PHONESABSTRACTThis demonstration shows a process to collect criticalvideo clips from car black boxes using smart phones.Critical video clips in the black box are hashed to providedata integrity before being transmitted to the police server.Without VANET infrastructure, smart phones are veryuseful communication media for car black boxes.DESIGN OF ULTRASONIC OBSTACLE AVOIDANCESYSTEM OF FRUIT-TRANSPORTATION GYRO-CAR BASEDON ARMABSTRACTThe pilotless fruit-transportation gyrocar works in theeconomic forest, avoiding the obstacle on the rail is theprerequisite of its safe working. An ultrasonic obstacleavoidance system of fruit-transportation gyrocar based onARM embedded system is introduced in this article.The functions of the system are implemented. It couldmake the gyrocar stop when detect an obstacle and sendsthe information of obstacle to the monitoring clientthrough GPRS. Through the test, the ultrasonic obstacleavoidance system performs well and reliable.INTELLIGENCE MONITORING SYSTEM BASED ON ARMAND INFORMATION FUSIONABSTRACTSince some of the ARM not directly connected with theInternet system. A kind intelligence monitoring systembased on 32 bit ARM processor LPC2138 and informationfusion technology was provided.ARM has advantages of high integration and powerfulinformation processing capability. The system iscomposed of LPC2138 processor, external RAM, Flash,LCD and With DM9000A interface chip for systemconfiguration network communication interface. Its OS isembedded in Linux operating systemDESIGNING A PH DATA ACQUISITION & LOGGING DEVICEUSING AN INEXPENSIVE MICROCONTROLLERABSTRACTAccurate measurement and analysis of pH data is requiredfor a multitude of applications ranging from theagricultural sector to clinical laboratories. In many of theseapplications an inexpensive hand-held unit is needed.This paper describes a low cost and low power pH sensingand data logging system using a Renesas microcontrollerand pH sensor.This paper describes the sensor data acquisition and datalogging system including details of its construction,capabilities and applications.SMART CARD WITH IRIS RECOGNITION FOR HIGHSECURITY ACCESS ENVIRONMENTABSTRACTSmart cards are increasingly being used as a form ofidentification and authentication. One inherent problemwith smart cards, however, is the possibility of loss ortheft. Current options for securing smart cards againstunauthorized use are primarily restricted to passwords.Passwords are easy enough for others to steal so that theydo not offer sufficient protection.This has promoted interest in biometric identificationmethods, including iris recognition. The iris is, due to itsunique biological properties, exceptionally suited foridentification. It is protected from the environment, stableover time, unique in shape and contains a high amount ofdiscriminating information.This paper proposes a method to integrate iris recognitionwith the smart card to develop a high security accessenvironment. An iris recognition system and smart cardprogramming circuit with its software have been designed.Template on card (TOC) category has been employed.Hence, the extracted iris features stored in smart card arecompared against the data acquired from a camera ordatabase for authentication. The proposed algorithm hassuperior performance in terms of security, accuracy andconsistency compared with other published technology.DESIGN OF A WIRELESS MEDICAL MONITORING SYSTEMABSTRACTThis paper provides the design of a Medical MonitoringTerminal use C8051F021 MCU and CC2420 RF chip basedon Zigbee technology. The Monitoring Terminal can detectthe patient's real-time body temperature, heart rate andother physiological informations, and transmit them to thecontrol center.SYSTEM LEVEL DESIGN OF A SECURE HEALTHCARESMART CARD SYSTEMABSTRACTSmart card-based healthcare system has severaladvantages over conventional paper-based systems interms of security, privacy and portability. In this study, asecure health care smart card system was designed andsimulated.The goal of the project is to design a smart card systemwhich will meet the major requirements of a healthcareidentity system. Main features of the proposed system aredata storage and secure data transfer. The system is aheterogeneous system with hardware and softwarecomponents and it was designed using electronic systemleveldesign methodology (ESL) with a top-down approach.It consists of cryptographic primitives, a centralprocessing unit and memory blocks. RSA and AES areused for key share and encryption, respectively. An LFSRis employed to generate pseudo-random numbers whichare used for calculating keys. We have used Aldec Active-HDL Student Edition to develop the system and performmixed-language simulations. We have functionally verifiedthe system using Active-PUTING TECHNOLOGY USED IN RETRIEVAL OFPATIENT’S RECORDABSTRACTThe majority of healthcare workers in hospitals continue torecord, access and update important patient informationusing paper charts. Disparate patient data (clinicalinformation, laboratory results and medical imagery) isentered by different caregivers and stored at differentlocations around the hospital.This is a cumbersome, time consuming process that canresult in critical medical errors such as documents beingmislaid or prescriptions being misinterpreted due toillegible handwriting. Hospitals everywhere are moving tointegrate health data sources using Electronic HealthRecord (EHR) systems as well as taking advantage of theflexibility and speed of wireless computing to improve thequality and reduce the cost of healthcare. We aredeveloping a mobile application that allows doctors toefficiently access accurate real-time patient information atthe point-of-care.The system can assist caregivers in automaticallysearching through very large repositories of previouspatient cases as increasingly large hospital databases aremaking manual searches of such information unfeasible.The system performs computational prognosis byproviding decision support for pre-screening of medicaldiagnosis.A presenting patient's symptoms can be input to aportable device and the application can quickly retrieve themost similar profiles with known diagnoses from largedatabases which can be used to compare treatments,diagnosis, test results and other information.BLIND CONSTELLATION ESTIMATION AND DETECTIONUSING CLUSTER ANALYSISABSTRACTThis paper presents a blind soft-output modulationdecoder for signals transmitted wirelessly using anyconstellation configuration.The receiver algorithm operates by classifying thereceived symbols into probabilistically alike clusters whichare ultimately used to estimate the underlying modulationconstellation points and also soft information about thereceived signal.THE DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF A TEACHERSTUDENTINTERACTION SYSTEM BASED ON ZIGBEE ANDRFIDABSTRACTBased on analysis of features of ZigBee Wireless sensornetworks and RFID technology, we implemented a protocolstack of ZigBee using method of module dividing.From the perspective of improving teaching methods,combining teaching practices, a teacher-studentinteraction system based on ZigBee and RFID technologywas designed and implemented for the application ofactual teaching.Results show that the system achieved the basic functionsof a teacher-student interaction system.THE SOLUTION OF HYBRID ELECTRIC VEHICLEINFORMATION SYSTEM BY MODBUS PROTOCOLABSTRACTThis paper introduces the hybrid electric vehicleinformation system, which is realized by modbus protocol.Using a remote terminal control unit (RTU) with EVEWtouch-screen, the system achieves the communicationbetween electronic control units (ECU) and the RTU bymeans of the modbus protocol at the baud rate 38400kb/s,and it finishes the task of human-machine exchange.Hybrid electric vehicle control unit uses dual-coreprocessors: the host processor and the coprocessorXGATE.XGATE can reduce the load on the host processor, whichmakes the host processor timely response to a number ofhybrid control tasks, and it improves the requirements ofreal-time in hybrid control system.In addition, because modbus protocol has openingcharacteristics, most of serial communication controllerssupport the protocol. Therefore, the system can be appliedin the serial communication with modbus protocol.HYBRID WIRELESS COMMUNICATION SYSTEM USINGZIGBEE AND WIFI TECHNOLOGY IN THE COALMINETUNNELSABSTRACTWireless Sensor Network (WSN) used under the coalminetunnel is an emerging area of research that promises toprovide reliable and flexible communication. This paperfirst discussed the best working frequency about the WSNin coalmine.Then, according to the actual circumstances of coal mine,the network structure should adopt cluster-tree topology.We also develop a multifunction communication wirelesssystem using ZigBee and WiFi technology, which canachieve the functions of gas monitoring, wirelesscommunication, personnel management and videosurveillance, etc.Practical applications showed that the multifunctioncommunication system can satisfy the need of dispatchcommunication and safety monitor in the coal mine tunnel.DEVELOPMENT OF ROAD LIGHT GATEWAY WITHSENSOR NETWORKABSTRACTIn this paper, we have developed the gateway for multi -information convergence system in ubiquitous sensornetwork. The gateway gathers the various sensor datafrom a road light device, and the data is transmitted intoan energy management system.The sorts of data are the intensity of illumination, humidityand diagnostic results.DESIGN OF MONITOR-AND-CONTROL SYSTEM FORSUPERMARKET FRESH AREA BASED ON ZIGBEEABSTRACTAccording to the status that most of supermarkets can'teffectively monitor the temperature and humidity aroundfood of fresh area in our country Currently, the thesisdesigns a hierarchical topology central monitoring systembased on ZigBee wireless sensor network (WSN). In thesystem, the temperature and humidity of surveyed areacan be automatically monitored and controlled.The monitoring nodes, with the CC2430 chip and THS11,can collect and upload temperature and humidity data tothe Management Centre, which displays and processes thedata, through the central node and the RS-232 interface. Ifthe collected data exceeds the threshold, it automaticallystarts the alarm system and the regulating system; whilethe data is lower than the standard value, regulatingsystem could be automatically shut down. Nodes work inthe regular query power saving mode.Power is obtained from button cells conversion throughMAX687. The results reveal that this WSN system has thepotential for field applications due to its low cost, lowpower and flexible networking construction.VOICE OVER ZIGBEE NETWORKS WITH ENVIRONMENTALMONITORINGABSTRACTZigBee technology is being embedded in a range ofapplications up to smart energy, healthcare, andtelecommunication services. In this paper, we present avoice transmission system, one of telecommunicationvalue-added services, based on the low-rate ZigBeenetworks.We design a model to perform a sensor role as a memberof ZigBee networks in addition to providing the costeffectivevoice transmission function.HIGH-VOLTAGE PULSE POWER SUPPLY CONTROLLERBASED ON ARM7ABSTRACTHigh-voltage pulse power supply technology is a neweffective improvement in electric dust precipitation. AHigh-voltage pulse power supply controller based onARM7 is present in this paper. Which can output pulsewidth modulation in frequency of 20~50 KHz with the dutycycle of 12% to 50%. ?C/OS- operation system wasapplied.The implementation of hardware and operation system isintroduced. Experiments have shown the feasibility andreliability.A TEST BED FOR ANALYZING SECURITY OF SCADACONTROL SYSTEMS (TASSCS)ABSTRACTThe critical infrastructures of our society are in theprocess of being modernized. Most significantly impactedare the industrial control systems through replacement ofold electromechanical systems with advanced computingand communication technologies. This modernization hasintroduced new vulnerabilities to those infrastructures.Securing critical infrastructures is a challenging researchproblem, as these control systems were not designed withsecurity in mind. This paper presents a testbed designedto study and simulate the various available techniques forsecuring and protecting Supervisory Control and DataAcquisition (SCADA) systems against a wide range ofcyber attacks.The testbed is also used to evaluate the detection rate,false alerts and effectiveness of the protection techniques.We present preliminary results on using the testbed todetect a selected set of cyber attacks and the impact of theprotection techniques on the operations of the system.SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINE BASED DATACLASSIFICATION FOR DETECTION OF ELECTRICITYTHEFTABSTRACTMost utility companies in developing countries aresubjected to major financial losses because of nontechnicallosses (NTL). It is very difficult to detect andcontrol potential causes of NTL in developing countriesdue to the poor infrastructure. Electricity theft and billingirregularities form the main portion of NTL.These losses affect quality of supply, electrical load on thegenerating station and tariffs imposed on electricityconsumed by genuine customers. In light of these issues,this paper discusses the problems underlying detection ofelectricity theft, previously implemented ways for reducingtheft.In addition, it presents the approximate energyconsumption patterns of several customers involvingtheft. Energy consumption patterns of customers arecompared with and without the presence of theft. A datasetof customer energy consumption pattern is developedbased on the historical data.Then, support vector machines (SVMs) are trained with thedata collected from smart meters, that represents allpossible forms of theft and are tested on severalcustomers. This data is classified based on rules and thesuspicious energy consumption profiles are grouped. Theclassification results of electricity consumption data arealso presented.ENERGY DIVERSIFICATION AND SUSTAINABLEECONOMY GROWTHABSTRACTEnergy diversification is very important to the sustainableeconomy growth. In this paper we develop an endogenousgrowth model and analyze some major relationshipbetween the energy diversification and sustainableeconomy growth.The dynamic optimization results of the model show thatthe technology progress will make great contributions tothe energy diversification and the specialized energy R&Dplays an important role in the energy diversificationprocess, which can accelerates energy supply sourceexpansion.Propelled by the specialized energy R&D, energydiversification will redistribute the labor force amongdifferent sectors, offset the adverse effects of diminishingmarginal return of factors, and help economy step intosustainable growth e entually.DEVELOPING AND INSTALLING SUBSTATIONS FOR OILAND GAS FACILITIES IN VERY COLD AND REMOTELOCATIONSABSTRACTOil and gas companies are venturing into colder, moreremote locations in their search for attainable oil and gasreserves. In many instances, extracting these “harder toreach” reserves requires power intensive unconventionalmethods. Heaters, drill rigs, compressors, pumps, andother exploration and production equipment required forthe exploration and production operations can amount tohundreds of megawatts.To supply these large loads, oil and gas companies areusing electric power at higher voltage levels and installingtheir own transmission and distribution substations and,in some cases, their own transmission and distributionnetwork. Historically, substation designs were based onprevious engineering experience and knowledge. Giventhe challenges associated with frontier extreme weatherlocations, defaulting to traditional designs may be a flawedapproach.This paper discusses different aspects to consider in thedevelopment and installation of remote high-voltagesubstations in very cold conditions, with emphasis on afew key criteria: personnel safety and environmentalissues, reliability and availability, low maintenance, remotemonitoring and control, equipment and material suitablefor cold environment, and cost effectiveness.Other considerations such as unique end-userrequirements, qualified labor resources, logisticschallenges, and cost optimization will also be discussed. Amethodology incorporating the aforementioned factors willbe offered for selecting a substation solution for a large oiland gas facility in a cold and remote location.CONTROL LAYER FOR MULTI-VENDOR INDUSTRIALROBOT INTERACTION PROVIDING INTEGRATION OFSUPERVISORY PROCESS CONTROL ANDMULTIFUNCTIONAL CONTROL UNITSABSTRACTBased on recent industrial needs for a flexible integrationof supervisory control systems and novel intuitive manualcontrol units a new control layer is introduced. The controllayer affords adaptive behaviour in terms of process andmotion planning as well as flexible manual control ofarbitrary robot controllers. It is located between theindustrial robot controller and the control units.For the purpose of a flexible manufacturer-independentaccess to the robot controller we define an object -orientedprogramming interface. The set of robot commands ismanufacturer-independent and includes all basic robotfunctions regarding motion and program control.An inherent capability of the control layer is thetransformation of neutral object-oriented robot commandsto manufacturer-specific robot languages. With anemphasis on the development of a flexible control layer,we aim for a media-independent communication solution.In order to cover a broad range of robotic applications,different communication standards of industrialautomation are implemented. Finally, two applications, asmartphone robot control and a distributed robot controlsystem, are presented and discussed.EVALUATION OF TELE-ROBOTIC INTERFACECOMPONENTS FOR TEACHING ROBOT OPERATIONABSTRACTRemote-learning has been an increasingly growing field inthe last two decades. The Internet development, as well asthe increase in PC's capabilities and bandwidth capacity,has made remote-learning through the internet aconvenient learning preference, leading to a variety of newinterfaces and methods.In this work, we consider a remote-learning interface,developed in a Computer-Integrated-Manufacturing (CIM)Laboratory, and evaluate the contribution of differentinterface components to the overall performance andlearning ability of end users. The evaluated componentsare the control method of the robotic arm and the use of athree-dimensional simulation tool before and during theexecution of a robotic-task.An experiment is designed and executed, comparingalternative interface designs for remote-learning ofrobotic-operation. A Teleoperation task was given to 120engineering students through five semesters. The numberof steps required for completing the task, the number oferrors during the execution and the improvement rateduring the execution were measured and analyzed.The results provide guidelines for a better design of aninterface for remote-learning of robotic-operation. Themain contribution of this paper is in the introduction of anew teaching tool for laboratories and the suppliedguidelines for an efficient design of such tools.THE FLEXIBLE BUS SYSTEMS USING ZIGBEE AS ACOMMUNICATION MEDIUMABSTRACTThis paper describes a research on The Flexible BusSystems (FBS) using Zigbee as a communication medium.The Flexible Bus System is a demand responsive transit(DRT) but it is more efficient and convenient in a sensethat it entertains passenger's demands and gives buslocations in real time.The real time synchronization of The Flexible Bus Systemmakes it information rich and unique as compared to otherDRTs. The Flexible Bus Systems is a system that canreplace the Traditional Bus Systems with its flexibility andefficiency.This paper discusses the use of wireless technologies inThe Flexible Bus Systems and how to make it more reliableusing short range wireless technology Zigbee.A NEW INTELLIGENT CONTROL TERMINAL OF SOLARSTREET LIGHTABSTRACTThe new intelligent control terminal of solar street lightwas carried out in this paper. It combines of currentgeneral street light charge and discharge managementcontroller and wireless communication technology. Itemploys fuzzy control theory to control the uncertainsystem to achieve reasonable battery charge or discharge.The terminal has the feature of running on the network andoff the network independently, so it ensures the stability ofthe system.A ZIGBEE-BASED TELECARDIOLOGY SYSTEM FORREMOTE HEALTHCARE SERVICE DELIVERYABSTRACTPatients with heart disease suffer much to have diagnosticECG sessions especially in rural areas and areas with highpopulation. This is mainly due to the remoteness ofdistance between patients and the medical units, as wellas traffic congestion. Doctors also need a fast and reliableway to be able to check on their patients and provide adiagnosis irrespective of where they are.In this paper we describe the design and implementationof a telecardiology system using ZigBee. Our proposedsystem will provide doctors with the ability to monitor, anddiagnose their patients remotely over the Internet. Thesystem is capable of receiving a serial stream of data andextracting relevant packets from the measurements of thepatient's vital signs.The implemented software allows patients to easilyconnect with their doctors and to send their data viaInternet. The ECG signal is monitored in a real-time modewith the ability of keeping records through SCP-ECG(Standard Communication Protocol) standard.A PARKING GUIDANCE AND INFORMATION SYSTEMBASED ON WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKABSTRACTThis paper introduces a parking guidance and informationsystem based on wireless sensor system. This systemconsists of parking space monitoring nodes, routingnodes, sink node, parking guidance display and aninformation and management center.The nodes transmit the information through wirelesssensor network by tree-like topological structure with nonstandardprotocol we developed. After analyzing andprocessing the data, the information and managementcenter would distribute the parking information by LEDscreen and displays for the drivers. And the results of theexperiment show that the performance of the system cansatisfy the requirements of parking guidance.MULTIFEATURED VISUALIZATION AND NAVIGATION INTELE-OPERATION OF MOBILE ROBOTSABSTRACTRecently, the expectation to tele-operated mobile robotshas been increasing much in order to perform themonitoring in various scenes. However, there are manycritical problems in tele-operated system.Especially, we must improve the restriction of visualrange, the usability of human interface, and intentionsharing with the operator. In this paper, we discuss themonitoring system of a tele-operated robot and humaninterface based on visual information and distanceinformation from the tele-operated mobile robots.Next, we propose a method of a navigation system basedon multi-featured visualization. Finally, we propose a teleoperatedsystem using iPhone, and show severalexperimental results of the proposed method. ................
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