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1. Which of the following statements about cross-cultural studies of mothers' communication styles withinfants is false?A. Compared to European American mothers, Japanese mothers tend to use more indirect communication.B. Compared to Japanese mothers, European American mothers are more likely to use direct communication to stimulate theirbabies.C. Japanese mothers are less empathetic with their infants than European American mothers.D. Compared to Japanese mothers, European American mothers are more likely to put their thoughts and feelings into words.2. Which of the following is the best definition of logico-mathematical knowledge?A. Knowledge of math and science conceptsB. Knowledge of the physical world that's learned sociallyC. Knowledge about the relationships between objectsD. Knowledge of the physical world that's learned through concrete experiences3. A group of first graders is studying the ocean. Amelia makes a dolphin out of papier-m?ché. Juan Joseuses watercolors to paint a picture of an ocean landscape. Chris sketches several types of saltwater fish.Which of the students is creating three-dimensional art?A. Amelia, Juan Jose, and ChrisB. ChrisC. AmeliaD. Juan Jose4. School-age children generally develop writing skills in which sequence?A. Expository writing, story writing, expressive writingB. Expressive writing, story writing, expository writingC. Story writing, expository writing, expressive writingD. Expressive writing, expository writing, story writing5. Preschool teacher Fiona Augustus says that she likes to use Gamelan in her music education. What isGamelan?A. A form of group singing used mostly during circle timeB. A form of Indonesian music featuring percussion instrumentsC. A strategy for encouraging creative movementD. The practice of playing classical music when children work on math6. To help his students learn about time, Steve Wong prepares a project to study the seasons and thephases of the moon. This project should help his students learn about which aspect of time?A. Understanding the cyclical nature of timeB. How to deal with time symbolically by reading clocks and calendarsC. Learning how to schedule in various time incrementsD. Noticing sequences that occur in the normal course of the day7. Which of the following statements about early childhood art is false?A. Art should be encouraged in more than one area of the classroom or family child care home.B. Art is a form of communication.C. Art is defined as self-expression through the use of various mediums.D. Art is best learned when adults identify the product to be created and children choose the process used to make the product.8. Which social studies topic is 13-month-old Frederico most likely to be exploring?A. Learning about other people's perspectivesB. Building self-knowledge based on others' reactions to himC. Constructing sharing skillsD. Figuring out how to successfully enter play9. According to the NAEYC/IRA position statement "Learning to Read and Write," the most importantperiod for literacy development is _______ years of age.A. 4 to 8B. 2 to 6C. birth to 4D. birth to 810. The curriculum plans for hospitals, celebrating winter, and families presented in your text are examplesof which curriculum-planning tool?A. WebbingB. Lesson planningC. TransformationsD. Behavior contagion11. The majority of five- and six-year-olds can do which of the following?A. Produce short pieces of expressive writingB. Explore, experiment, and play with language in creative waysC. Print their names and some other wordsD. Be effective at inventive spelling12. Which of the following is not an example of a science theme?A. Transformations of waterB. Rocks and mineralsC. Sinking and floatingD. Object permanence13. Generalizing from research by Lilian Katz, which of the following is least likely to be the topic of adultchildconversation in a typical U.S. kindergarten classroom?A. Discussions of students' performanceB. Observations and feelings regarding specific projects of interest to students and teacherC. Discussions regarding classroom routines and rulesD. Observations and critiques of students' classroom conduct14. Kindergarten teachers Michelle Sampson and Shaniqua Williams want to use webbing to plan theircurriculum for the upcoming year. After choosing their topic, what will their next step be?A. Checking out each other's ideas and making suggestions as neededB. Brainstorming ideas and transferring all these ideas to a single sheet of paperC. Arranging their ideas into groups of related ideasD. Writing down ideas related to their topic on separate slips of paper15. Which of the following statements about young children's construction of physical knowledge is false?A. Children learn best when they have the opportunity to repeat the same action in the same way multiple times.B. Children learn more from an immediate reaction than from a long-term reaction.C. Children learn best when they're able to clearly see how an object reacts to their actions.D. Children learn more when there's a strong connection between what they do, and how the object or substance responds.16. Toddlers, preschoolers, and school age children need _______ experiences to learn math concepts.A. abstractB. simpleC. complexD. concrete17. All but one of the following language differences can be expected between eight-year-old Monty and hisfive-year-old sister Louise. Which should not be expected?A. Monty will use more humor than Louise, and he'll also be more argumentative.B. Unlike Louise, Monty is able to put adult criticisms and advice into perspective.C. Monty's conversations will run deeper and go on longer than Louise's conversations.D. His more advanced reading and writing skills will contribute to a much larger vocabulary for Monty than for Louise.18. Which of the following statements about the facilitation of language development in infants and toddlersis false?A. Because young infants can't use verbal language, adults can best facilitate language development by using nonverbalinteractions.B. Language development is enhanced through infant mimicking of adults, as well as through adult mimicking of infants.C. Babies learn conversational turn-taking through nonverbal interactions, then through vocalizations, and eventually throughverbalizations.D. Adults can use labeling, repetition, and expanding to help facilitate language development in infants and toddlers.19. The child's family, the community in which the child lives, and the child's kindergarten classroom andschool are _______ systems relevant to a five-year-old child.A. artisticB. socialC. conceptualD. intelligence20. The early childhood professional's role in the planning and implementation of curriculum is bestdescribed asA. questioner.B. drill trainer.C. commander.D. facilitator.21. Nine-month-old Kayla plays with a shape-sorting ball. After several tries, Kayla learns that only oneshape will fit into each space. Kayla's ability to discriminate shapes is an example of an early _______ skill.A. geometryB. algebraC. socialD. science22. Which of the following descriptions best captures the musical abilities of the average four-year-old?A. She has the willingness and ability to sing in a group setting like circle time. She sometimes sings other times during the dayand knows a surprising number of lyrics.B. She can sing a wide variety of songs with different pitch ranges. She enjoys singing in rounds and harmonizing with others.C. Although she likes music and will pay attention during a group sing, she often won't sing along. She'll sing along more often ifthe songs involve hand or body movements.D. She'll have a difficult time keeping up, but she'll be moving his body to the beat of the music.23. _______ is a technique that helps children appreciate the social aspect of art.A. Body tracingB. Creative movementC. GamelanD. Mandala drawing24. In a lecture on child development, a psychology professor says that, "language is caught, not taught."What does this professor mean?A. Language learning is dependent on cognition.B. In language development, comprehension comes before usage.C. Language is both active and receptive.D. One doesn't need formal lessons to learn language.25. Which of the following statements about nature study in early childhood is false?A. As children construct knowledge about nature, they also need to learn connections about the interdependence of nature andhumans.B. Part of studying nature in early childhood includes learning a basic respect for nature.C. It's more challenging to study biology and ecology than some of the other branches of science, like physics, in the earlychildhood setting.D. Nature study should include lots of hands-on experimentation with animals and their habitats.26. Children at Happy time Preschool take a field trip every year to a local fruit market. In Ms. Susie'sclass, the children are exploring the concepts of producer and consumer. When they go to the fruit market,each child will have some money to spend on products. Which social studies topic is Susie's classexploring?A. AccountingB. HistoryC. EconomicsD. Geography27. Four-year-old Geofredo sets the family dinner table. He sets a napkin and one set of silverware at eachseat. Geofredo is demonstrating which cognitive ability?A. One-to-one correspondenceB. ClassifyingC. SortingD. Transformation28. _______ are two of the basic characteristics of true art.A. Timelessness and universalityB. Enjoyment and meaningC. Self-expression and free explorationD. Emergence and holism29. To promote emergent literacy in infants and toddlers, all but one of the following are recommended.Which is not recommended?A. Reading to toddlers while holding them on one's lapB. Sharing cardboard books with infantsC. Talking to them with simple languageD. Modeling of reading and writing behavior30. In planning a project to study mammals, preschool teacher Kevin Samuelson should do all but one ofthe following. Which should he not do?A. Find activities that will integrate different areas of the curriculumB. Identify fun, cute activities that will entertain his studentsC. Search out activities that will satisfy the children's intellectual thirstD. Look for activities that will provoke thought in his students ................
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