Searching WorldCat Indexes
Searching WorldCat Indexes
(Abridgement of OCLC’s Searching WorldCat Indexes. References to OCLC’s other services, FirstSearch and Resource Sharing, have been eliminated. This document refers only to Connexion searching. References to and examples of derived searches have also been eliminated since derived searches are legacies of the old OCLC database)
Please note: Connexion supports the following non-Latin/non-roman scripts: Arabic, Bengali, Chinese, Cyrillic, Devanagari, Greek, Hebrew, Japanese, Korean, Tamil and Thai. Many WorldCat indexes support both Latin script and non-Latin script search terms. This will be noted in examples.
Examples of searches in this guide are given in full search syntax (all parts of a search in correct order and format, including index labels and punctuation, search terms, Boolean operators, and qualifiers). From full syntax examples, you can extrapolate the parts of a search you would enter or select in boxes and lists to construct a basic or guided form of the search.
Indexing for bibliographic institution records (IRs)
About IRs. Institution records are contributed by individual libraries whose authorizations include IRs. They are intended to preserve local library notes, locations, and other data which may be of general interest. They are attached to WorldCat master records.
When the IR index option is set, your search includes the fields and subfields of both master records and attached IRs for the index you specify. However, the search retrieves only worldcat master records with data that matches the search and any master records that have IRs with unique data that matches the search. You cannot retrieve IRs directly from a WorldCat search, but you can display them from a master record.
To search IRs: Open SearchWorldCat box and then click Settings.
Check “Include Institution Record Indexes when searching WorldCat”
WorldCat search results include only the master records to which IRs are attached. You can only display attached IR(s) from a master record.
When this option is set, both master records and IRs will be searched but only the master record will be retrieved.
To view IRs:
With a WorldCat record displayed that has IRs attached, click Cataloging > Show and then click one of the following:
• All Institution Records
• My Institution Records
• Institution Records for [enter the OCLC symbol for a library whose IRs you want to view]
You can also add icons for these actions to your toolbar:
Tools>Toolbar Editor>drag icon to your toolbar CatalogingShowAllInstitutionRecords
CatalogingShowMyInsitutionRecords
CatalogingShowInstitutionRecordsfor
If you are authorized to work with IRs, you can create and add, edit and replace, or delete your own institution records only. However, anyone can copy and paste, export, or print IRs. Also, anyone can view IRs attached to retrieved master records without setting the option to include IR indexes in WorldCat searches.
Types of searches
Abridgement of: Searching WorldCat indexes: types of searches.
Basic guidelines
• Index labels and punctuation required. Always use index labels followed by correct punctuation and then the search term–for example, kw:politics–unless you are selecting indexes from a list.
Exceptions: In a Connexion command line search index labels are not required for the following searches if they are the first or only element of a full syntax search:
o ISBN search
o OCLC number search preceded by an asterisk (*) or number sign (#)
• Keyword index is default. If you do not include an index label, the system uses the keyword index (kw:) as the default. See a description of the keyword index in "WorldCat index descriptions."
• Spacing.
o In Connexion, do not enter spaces between the index label and punctuation or between punctuation and the search term. Example: kw:software.
• Case. Index labels and search terms can be upper- or lowercase or a combination.
• Stopwords. The system ignores common words in some types of searches. You can omit them from search terms. See a list of stopwords for keyword searches and a list for derived name searches in sections below that cover these search types.
• Non-Latin scripts in searches. Use any supported non-Latin script for Worldcat searches in the Connexion client interface. Currently supported non-Latin scripts include: Arabic, Bengali, Chinese, Cyrillic, Devanagari, Greek, Hebrew, Japanese, Korean, Tamil, and Thai scripts.
Treatment of initial articles in searches
Omit initial articles in the following types of searches:
• Beginning of these searches:
o Title word and phrase browsing (index scanning)
• Keyword searches: stopwords are not indexed. (See list of keyword stopwords later in this section.)
• Title phrase (ti=) searches: The system automatically ignores English articles a, an, and the.
See a comprehensive list of initial articles on the Library of Congress Web site.
Notes:
• If a word listed as an initial article on the LC Web page is the first word of a search but has a different meaning (for example, ein or un used to mean one, or thé used to mean tea), include the word in a search.
• In cataloging, a second indicator of 1 or higher in a field indicates how many initial character spaces to ignore for indexing, filing, and sorting.
Word, phrase, or whole phrase searches
Many WorldCat keyword and numeric indexes are searchable and browsable separately by words, phrases, and whole phrases. Index labels and punctuation distinguish whether you want to find a word, phrase, or whole phrase in an index, as shown in the following table:
|Search by ... |Format of index |System finds |Example |
| |label | | |
|Word |xx: |Word or number anywhere in indexed field |Publisher: |
| | | |pb:dakota |
| | | | |
| | | |Dewey Class Number: dd:616 |
| | | | |
| | | |LC Class Number: lc:z5074.g8 |
|Phrase |xx= |Complete data in indexed subfield |Personal name phrase: pn=james, henry |
|(Left-anchored)| | | |
| | | |Publisher phrase: pb=namgyal institute of tibetology|
|Whole phrase |xxw= |Complete data in indexed field, across | |
|(Left-anchored)| |all indexed subfields |Personal name whole phrase: pnw=james, henry |
| | | |1843-1916 |
| | | | |
| | | |Subject whole phrase: suw=library science computer |
| | | |network resources |
| | | | |
Note: Use the same index labels and punctuation for browsing.
• In a Connexion command line search, precede with the Scan command (sca) and a space.
Example:
sca ti:buddenbrooks
Guidelines for word, phrase, and whole phrase searches
Word indexes:
• Enter multiple words in a string (do not separate with Boolean and) to find any instance of any term in a single index.
Example:
ti:asian crisis
• Enclose more than one word in quotation marks to find the exact sequence of the words.
Example:
ti:"asian crisis"
• Combine words with proximity operators with (w) or near (n) and an optional number (1 to 25) to find the exact sequence of the words or the sequence with no more than the specified number of words between. (See "Combine, qualify, expand searches" for more details.)
Example:
ti:asian w2 crisis
Phrase indexes:
• Include all subfield data, or truncate using the asterisk (*).
Example: pb=namgyal institute*
Alternative: Browse for the phrase: [sca ]pb=namgyal institute
Use the scan (sca) command in a Connexion command line search
• Retain periods in classification numbers.
• Omit initial articles in titles.
• Retain the first comma for personal name indexes if it is not the last element in the subfield.
• Retain hyphens in dates.
• Omit other punctuation.
Whole phrase indexes:
• Enter all field data, or truncate using an asterisk (*).
Example: suw=library science computer*
Alternative: Browse for the whole phrase: In Connexion, enter sca suw=library science computer. Follow the same guidelines for punctuation and initial articles as for phrase searches.
• Combine word, phrase, or whole phrase searches in more than one index with Boolean operators. (See "Combine, qualify, expand searches" for more details.)
Numeric searches
Searching for numbers–accession numbers, such as the OCLC control number or LCCN; standard numbers, such as an ISBN or ISSN; or a class number, such as a Dewey or Library of Congress classification number–is one of the most efficient ways to search.
A number search can retrieve a single record (for example, by its unique ISBN) or precisely related records (for example, by class number). Numbers are usually unique to a single record or group of related records.
A number search is simply entering a number as a keyword. Follow these general guidelines to search for significant numbers in records:
• Type all numbers and letters.
Tip for entering ISBNs ending in x: If you use the number keypad, truncate the number using the asterisk key (*).
• Omit spaces.
• Omit punctuation, except keep periods (.) in classification numbers.
Keyword searches
A keyword is any word that is part of a record's bibliographic information and is significant or descriptive enough to retrieve the record(s) you need.
A word is any character(s) between two blank spaces:
• Initials and abbreviations are words.
• Words with characters attached by punctuation marks, such as an apostrophe, are not yet normalized in the system (that is, they are not indexed together so that a search term with or without the character retrieves the same records).
For now, you can enter both forms combined with OR to retrieve all appropriate records.
Example: To search the title index for l'étranger, type ti:etranger or letranger.
• For hyphenated words:
o Substitute a space for the hyphen (system treats as two words). If searching a word index rather than a phrase index, enclose the two parts of the hyphenated word in quotation marks to find the words together in sequence.
• Keywords can be combined in searches. Type a string of words to search a single index for any instance of the words in indexed fields (enclose words in quotation marks to find the words together in exact sequence) or combine with Boolean operators (and, or, not) to search multiple indexes.
Examples:
ti:asian crisis
ti:asian and su:crisis
Stopwords for keyword searches
The system ignores the following common words in a keyword search statement:
|a |but |he |it |so |to |you |
|an |by |her |its |than |was | |
|and |for |his |not |that |were | |
|are |from |if |of |the |when | |
|as |had |in |on |their |which | |
|at |has |into |or |there |with | |
|be |have |is |she |this |would | |
To use any of these words as search terms, enclose them in quotation marks.
Example: To search for the title And Then There Were None, which includes three stopwords, type ti:"and" then "there" "were" none.
Browsing
Browsing scans an index with the intent of finding a matched term or the closest matching term, rather than retrieving records. Selecting a term in a browse results list then retrieves the relevant record(s).
Browse WorldCat using:
• A word that appears anywhere in indexed fields and subfields.
Or
• An exact phrase (complete subfield) or whole phrase (complete field), starting with the first word and including all words (but excluding initial articles in titles). The phrase you enter is matched character by character, from left to right, against the characters of the phrase in the index you specify.
The system returns a list of terms showing a match or the closest match, along with terms that precede and follow the matching term. When you open an entry on the list, you see the record or a list of records retrieved for that term.
Follow these general guidelines for browsing:
• Include up to 60 letters, numbers, spaces, or these characters: ( ) &
• Omit initial articles and non-English equivalents from titles (as listed on the Library of Congress Web site).
• Include hyphens or substitute a space (system treats as two words).
Example:
sca td:asymmetrically distributed finds both titles, Asymmetrically-distributed variations... and Asymmetrically distributed information....
• Do not use qualifiers, wildcards, or combined terms for browsing.
Tips for browsing
• Truncation. Browsing provides automatic truncation without using the truncation symbol. Type only as many characters or words as needed.
Example: To browse for the title Let Us Now Praise Famous Men, type tiw=let us now praise famous
• Browse for titles.
o Use the title phrase index (ti=) to browse for title/subtitle combinations. The title browse index includes 245 ‡b.
o In Connexion: Use the title whole phrase index (tiw=) to browse for a title proper (cataloger-constructed title access point). The index excludes 245 ‡b.
Selection of indexes from OCLC documentation
WorldCat indexes are described in alphabetical order. Some indexes include word, phrase (complete subfield), or whole phrase (complete field) versions, or a combination of these. See "Types of searches" for a detailed explanation of word, phrase, and whole phrase indexing.
Asterisks next to index names. Asterisks indicate qualifier indexes used mainly to limit search terms.
In Connexion some values and codes for qualifying searches can be entered by simply preceding with a slash instead of an index label and colon (:) or equal sign (=).
These charts have been simplified to include only Connexion information. OCLC’s own documentation covers all OCLC services, including FirstSearch and WorldCat Resource Sharing, which have different indexing and searching capabilities.
(For additional indexes see OCLC’s Searching WorldCat Indexes)
Cataloging source* (cs=)
*Qualifer index
|Search by ... |Label |Fields and |Guidelines and examples |
| | |subfields indexed | |
|OCLC institution |cs= |040 a c |Available only for searching. |
|symbol | | |Use a single OCLC institution symbol per search. |
| | |For institution |Use to limit searches. |
| | |records: |Example: |
| | |Symbols in the |cs=ocl |
| | |Admin field |Note on Library of Congress records: To retrieve records contributed by the Library|
| | | |of Congress or by specific LC cooperative programs, use Cooperative programs index |
| | | |(dl:) with value y (dl:y). |
Character sets present (vp:)
|Search by ... |Label |Fields and subfields indexed |Guidelines and examples |
|Character set |vp: |Records are retrieved based on the |Available only for searching. |
|symbol | |following data: |Non-Latin scripts in records can be viewed in the Connexion client|
| | |066 |interface. |
| | | |Enter a symbol for a character set. Those currently supported are:|
| | | | |
| | | |vp:ara (Arabic) |
| | | |vp:ben (Bengali) |
| | | |vp:cjk (Chinese, Japanese, and Korean) |
| | | |vp:cyr (Cyrillic) |
| | | |vp:dev (Devanagari) |
| | | |vp:gre (Greek) |
| | | |vp:hbr (Hebrew) |
| | | |vp:tam (Tamil) |
| | | |vp:tha (Thai) |
| | | |Example: To view Cyrillic records for items published in 1985: |
| | | |Type vp:cyr and yr:1985 |
Cooperative programs* (dl:) *Qualifier index
Also called the "DLC restrictor" or "Source" index.
|Search by ... |Label |Fields and subfields |Guidelines and examples |
| | |indexed | |
|Code or value for Library of |dl: |Records are retrieved |Available only for searching. |
|Congress/specific LC cooperative | |if they contain the |Use to limit searches to records produced by the Library |
|programs as cataloging source | |data below |of Congress (LC) or LC cooperative programs. |
| | | |May enter either as slash qualifier: /dlc |
| | |008 Srce c |Or |
| | |040 c DLC |With index label and value y: dl:y |
| | |040 a DLC |y is the only valid value. |
| | |040 a DLC/other data |If selecting a value from a list, select DLC. |
| | |040 a Other data/DLC |Note: To retrieve records contributed by a specific |
| | |042 a lcderive |library, use Cataloging Source phrase index (cs=) (see |
| | |042 a lccopycat |description above) and an OCLC-assigned institution |
| | |042 a lccopycat-nm |symbol. |
| | |042 a lcode | |
| | |042 a pcc | |
| | |042 a lcnccp | |
| | |042 a premarc | |
| | |042 a lcac | |
| | |042 a lc | |
| | |042 a lcd | |
| | |042 a msc | |
| | |042 a nsdp | |
| | |042 a nst | |
Corporate/Conference name (cn: or cn= or cnw=)
|Search by |Label |Fields and subfields indexed |Guidelines and/or examples |
|... | | | |
|Word |cn: |110 a-e n u |Available for searching and browsing. |
| | |111 a c d e n q u |Supports non-Latin script searches. Arabic, Bengali, Chinese, Cyrillic, |
| | |710 a-e n |Devanagari, Hebrew, Greek, Japanese, Korean, Tamil, and Thai scripts are |
| | |711 a c d e n q |currently supported. |
| | | |Example: |
| | | |cn:caedmon |
|Phrase |cn= |110 a-d n |Available for searching and browsing. |
| | |111 a c d e n q |Supports non-Latin script searches. |
| | |710 a-d n |Do not include commas |
| | |711 a c d e n q |Examples: |
| | | |cn=caedmon records |
| | | |cn=herdman hills & mangsen (finds Herdman, Hills & Mangsen) |
|Whole |cnw= |110 a-d n |Available for searching and browsing |
|phrase | |111 a c d e n q |Supports non-Latin script searches. |
| | |710 a-d n (d n are included only|Do not include commas. |
| | |if they occur left of first |Example: |
| | |subfield t or k) |cnw=general motors cancer research foundation |
| | |711 a c d e n q (n is included | |
| | |only if it occurs left of first | |
| | |subfield t or k) | |
Corporate/Conference subject (nc: or nc= or ncw=)
|Search by |Label |Fields and subfields|Guidelines and/or examples |
|... | |indexed | |
|Word |nc: |610 a-c d n p |Available for searching and browsing |
| | |611 a c d e n p q |Supports non-Latin script searches. Arabic, Bengali, Chinese, Cyrillic, Devanagari, |
| | | |Hebrew, Greek, Japanese, Korean, Tamil, and Thai scripts are currently supported. |
| | | |Example: |
| | | |ncw=orthodox eastern church/rec |
|Phrase |nc= | | |
|Whole |ncw= | | |
|phrase | | | |
Country of publication (cp: or cp=)
|Search by ... |Label |Fields and |Guidelines and/or examples |
| | |subfields indexed | |
|Country code |cp: |008 15-17 |In Connexion, available only for searching |
|or name | |044 a c |Enter MARC code or name: |
| | | |2- or 3-letter country code |
| | | |Or |
| | | |Name of country |
| | | |See on the Library of Congress Web site|
| | | |for codes and names. |
| | | |Use mainly to limit searches. |
|Phrase |cp= | | |
Descriptors (de: or de=)
|Search by |Label |Fields and subfields|Guidelines and/or examples |
|... | |indexed | |
|Word |de: |600 x |de: is available only for searching |
| | |610 x |de= is available for searching and browsing. |
| | |611 x |Supports non-Latin script searches. Arabic, Bengali, Chinese, Cyrillic, Devanagari, |
| | |630 x |Hebrew, Greek, Japanese, Korean, Tamil, and Thai scripts are currently supported. |
| | |648 x |Example: |
| | |650 a b x |de=history and criticism/2005/dlc |
| | |651 x | |
| | |654 x | |
| | |655 x | |
|Phrase |de= | | |
Format/Document type (dt=)
|Search by ... |Label |Fields and subfields |Guidelines and/or examples |
| | |indexed | |
|Format/Document Type code |dt= |Presence of both |Available for searching only. |
| | |Leader/06 (Type) and |Use with index label and punctuation. |
| | |Leader/07 (BLvl) |This index determines groupings for search results, where record groups|
| | | |correspond to primary document type. |
| | | |To limit results by a format/document type, enter and dt= followed by a|
| | | |format code. |
| | | |Examples: |
| | | |pn:twain, mark and dt=vis |
| | | |To exclude a format/document type, enter not dt= followed by a format |
| | | |code. |
| | | |Examples: |
| | | |ti:buddenbrooks not dt=bks |
| | | | |
| | | |This index is the only WorldCat index that does not cover institution |
| | | |records. It covers master records only. |
| | | |Note: If you use a guided or advanced/expert search, selecting indexes |
| | | |and other parts of a search rather than typing a full syntax search: |
| | | |In a Connexion guided search, select a format (or select Any) from the |
| | | |Format list to limit a search to that format. |
Guided search drop-down list in Connexion:
[Any]
Books BKS
Computer Files COM
Continuing Resources CNR
Integrating Resources INT
Maps MAP
Mixed Materials MIX
Scores SCO
Serials SER
Sound Recordings REC
Visual Materials VIS
Narrower categories are available in Material type (mt: or mt=)
Genre/Form (ge: or ge=)
|Search by |Label |Fields and subfields|Guidelines and/or examples |
|... | |indexed | |
|Word |ge: |600 v |Available for searching and browsing. |
| | |610 v |Supports non-Latin script searches. Arabic, Bengali, Chinese, Cyrillic, Devanagari, |
| | |611 v |Hebrew, Greek, Japanese, Korean, Tamil, and Thai scripts are currently supported. |
| | |630 v |Examples: |
| | |648 v |ge:novel |
| | |650 v |ge=spanish literature |
| | |651 v | |
| | |654 v | |
| | |655 a b v | |
|Phrase |ge= | | |
ISBN (bn: or bn=)
ISBN = International Standard Book Number
|Search by |Label |Fields and subfields |Guidelines and/or examples |
|... | |indexed | |
|Word |bn: |020 a z |Available only for searching |
| | | |Using index label is optional if ISBN is the first or only element of full syntax |
| | | |search in Connexion command line |
| | | |Omit hyphens if no index label. |
| | | |Omit or enter hyphens with index label. |
| | | |Example: |
| | | |To search for 0-85109-130-x |
| | | |Type 085109130x or bn:085109130x |
|Phrase |bn= | | |
| | | | |
ISSN (in: or in=)
ISSN = International Standard Serial Number
|Search by ... |Label |Fields and subfields indexed |Guidelines and/or examples |
|Word |in: |022 a y z |Available only for searching. |
| | | |Always include hyphens. |
| | | |Example: |
| | | |To search for 0018-165x |
| | | |Type in:0018-165x |
|Phrase |in= | | |
| | | | |
Keyword (kw:)
System uses as default index if you omit an index label from a search.
|Search by |Label |Fields and subfields indexed |Guidelines and/or examples |
|... | | | |
|Word |kw: |Same fields and subfields as |Available for searching and browsing. |
| | |the following indexes: |Supports non-Latin script searches. Arabic, Bengali, Chinese, Cyrillic, |
| | |Name word index |Devanagari, Hebrew, Greek, Japanese, Korean, Tamil, and Thai scripts are |
| | |Title word index |currently supported. |
| | |Subject word index |For 052 a and b: |
| | |Notes word index |Subfield a is indexed separately. |
| | |ISBN word index |Each subfield b combined with subfield a is indexed separately. |
| | |In addition, indexes: |Indexes single word only, but you can combine more than one keyword search. |
| | |034 b c d e f g |Examples: |
| | |052 a b |kw:space and yr:2000-4 |
| | |255 a b c d e |kw:space and kw:aeronautics |
| | |008 Date 1 Date 2 | |
Language* (la: or la=) *Qualifer index
|Search by ... |Label |Fields and subfields |Guidelines and/or examples |
| | |indexed | |
|2- or 3-letter code |la: |008/35-37 |Available for searching and browsing. |
|or language name | |041 b d e f g |See list of language names and codes on the Library of Congress Web |
| | |041 a if indicator 1 = 0 |site. Look under Name Sequence. |
| | |041 2 if indicator 2 = 7 |2-letter codes are in ISO 639. |
| | | |Use to limit a search to records with one or more languages (see more |
| | | |in "Combine, qualify, expand search terms" below ). |
| | | |Note: When you do a guided search in Connexion and select a language |
| | | |from a drop-down list, the system uses this la: or ln: word index. |
| | | |Examples: |
| | | |la:eng or la:english |
|2- or 3-letter code |la= |008/35-37 |Available only for searching. |
| | | |Searchable only by code; see URL given above for location of code |
| | |Retrieves records based |list. |
| | |only on 008 language code |Use to limit a search to records with one primary language (see more |
| | | |in "Combine, qualify, expand searches" below ). |
| | | |Example: |
| | | |la=apa |
Note: Code zxx is a valid language code in records for items that have no associated language (for example, scores or sound recordings with no sung or spoken text).
LC class number (lc: or lc=)
|Search by ... |Label |Fields and subfields indexed |Guidelines and/or examples |
|Word |lc: |050 a |Available for searching and browsing. |
| | |055 a if indicator 2 = 0-5 |Enter all numbers and letters. |
| | |090 a |Include periods. |
| | |699 a if indicator 2 = 0 |Omit all other punctuation. |
| | | |Omit spaces. |
| | | |Example: |
| | | |lc:ps3515.e37 and yr:1999 |
|Phrase |lc= | | |
Material type* (mt: or mt=) *Qualifier index
|Search by ... |Label |Fields and subfields indexed |Guidelines and/or examples |
|3-character code or name |mt: |Values in Type (Leader/06), |Available only for searching |
|See selected list of codes and | |BLvl (Leader/07), |Use to limit searches to a specific type of |
|names below, in alphabetic order | |Field 007, |material. |
|by name. | |Field 008, |Type a name or code exactly as given in the list,|
|For complete list see OCLC | |other fields |except not case sensitive. |
|documentation | | |See complete list of material type names and |
| | |See "Format and material type values|codes in OCLC documentation |
| | |indexed," for a comprehensive list |Example: |
| | |of values. |To find The sound of music in CD audio |
| | | |Type ti=sound of music and mt:cda |
| | | |Or |
| | | |Type ti=sound of music and mt=cd audio |
| | | |Notes: |
| | | |See also Format/Document type index for limiting |
| | | |searches by broader types (de=; see OCLC |
| | | |documentation) |
| |mt= | |Available only for searching. |
| | | |Allows you to search for material type names |
| | | |composed of more than one word. |
Command line searching allows many more Material Types to add as qualifiers to searches.
A full list is found in OCLC’s Searching WorldCat Indexes.
Guided search drop-down list in Connexion:
[Any]
Biography bio
CD audio cda
Computer game cgm
DVD video dvv
Fiction fic
Government publication gpb
Juvenile (all types) juv
Thesis/dissertation deg
VHS tape vhs
Web access web
Partial list of additional mts:
CNP Conference publication (subset of dt=bks)
MOT Film (subset of dt=vis)
LPS LP (subset of dt=rec)
MIC Microform (subset of dt=bks)
MFL Microfilm (subset of mt=mic; subset of dt=bks)
PER Periodical (subset of dt=ser)
Broader categories are available in Format/document type (dt=)
Name (au: or au= or auw=)
|Search by |Label |Fields and subfields indexed|Guidelines and/or examples |
|... | | | |
|Word |au: |100 a-d j q u |Available for searching and browsing. |
| | |110 a-e n u |Supports non-Latin script searches. Arabic, Bengali, Chinese, Cyrillic, |
| | |111 a c d e n q u |Devanagari, Hebrew, Greek, Japanese, Korean, Tamil, and Thai scripts are |
| | |245 c |currently supported. |
| | |505 r |Example: |
| | |508 a |au:sagan |
| | |511 a | |
| | |550 a | |
| | |700 a-d j q u | |
| | |710 a-e n | |
| | |711 a c d e n q | |
| | |720 a | |
| | |770 a | |
| | |773 a | |
| | |780 a | |
| | |785 a | |
| | |787 a | |
| | |800 a-d q u | |
| | |810 a-e n | |
| | |811 a c d e n q | |
|Phrase |au= |100 a-d j q |Available for searching and browsing. |
| | |110 a-d n |Supports non-Latin script searches. |
| | |111 a c d e n q |Retaining first comma is optional. |
| | |700 a-d j q |Example: |
| | |710 a-d n |au=sagan, carl |
| | |711 a c d e n q |Or |
| | |720 a |au=sagan carl |
|Whole |auw= |100 a-d j q |Available for searching and browsing. |
|phrase | |110 a-d g n |Supports non-Latin script searches. |
| | |111 a c d e g n q |Retain first comma and hyphens in dates. |
| | |700 a-d j q |Example: |
| | |710 a-d g n (d g n only if |auw=sagan, carl 1934- |
| | |left of first subfield k or | |
| | |t) | |
| | |711 a c d e g n q (g n only | |
| | |if left of first subfield k | |
| | |or t) | |
| | |800 a-d j q | |
| | |810 a-d g n (d g n only if | |
| | |left of first subfield k or | |
| | |t) | |
| | |811 a c d e g n q (g n only | |
| | |if left of first subfield k | |
| | |or t) | |
For narrower name searches:
Personal name (pn: or pn= or pnw=) search and browse
Searches 100 a-d j q u
700 a-d j q u
Corporate/Conference name (cn: or cn= or cnw=) search and browse
Searches
110 a-e n u
111. a-e n q u
710. a-e n
711. a-e n q
(For additional examples see OCLC’s Searching WorldCat Indexes)
Notes (nt:)
|Search by |Label |Fields and subfields|Guidelines and/or examples |
|... | |indexed | |
|Word |nt: |500 a |Available for searching and browsing. |
| | |501 a |Supports non-Latin script searches. Arabic, Bengali, Chinese, Cyrillic, Devanagari, |
| | |502 a |Hebrew, Greek, Japanese, Korean, Tamil, and Thai scripts are currently supported. |
| | |504 a |Example: |
| | |505 a r t |nt:letterpress |
| | |508 a | |
| | |511 a | |
| | |518 a | |
| | |520 a b | |
| | |521 a | |
| | |533 a b c d e f n | |
| | |534 a t | |
| | |536 a-h | |
| | |538 a | |
| | |545 a | |
| | |550 a | |
| | |753 a b c | |
Publisher (pb: or pb=)
|Search by |Label |Fields and subfields|Guidelines and/or examples |
|... | |indexed | |
|Word |pb: |260 b f |Available for searching and browsing. |
| | |261 a b e |Supports non-Latin script searches. Arabic, Bengali, Chinese, Cyrillic, Devanagari, |
| | |262 b |Hebrew, Greek, Japanese, Korean, Tamil, and Thai scripts are currently supported. |
| | |533 c |Examples: |
| | | |pb:vintage and yr:1950-5 |
| | | |pb=vintage books and yr:1950-5 |
|Phrase |pb= | | |
Publisher location (pl:)
|Search by |Label |Fields and subfields|Guidelines and/or examples |
|... | |indexed | |
|Word |pl: |260 a e |Available for searching and browsing. |
| | |261 f |Supports non-Latin script searches. Arabic, Bengali, Chinese, Cyrillic, Devanagari, |
| | |262 a |Hebrew, Greek, Japanese, Korean, Tamil, and Thai scripts are currently supported. |
| | |533 b |Example: |
| | |752 a-d |pl:stockholm |
Series (se: or se= or sew=)
|Search by |Label |Fields and subfields|Guidelines and/or examples |
|... | |indexed | |
|Word |se: |440 a n p v x |Available for searching and browsing |
| | |490 a v x |Supports non-Latin script searches. Arabic, Bengali, Chinese, Cyrillic, Devanagari, |
| | |533 f |Hebrew, Greek, Japanese, Korean, Tamil, and Thai scripts are currently supported. |
| | |534 f |Examples: |
| | |760 a s t x y |se:fairies |
| | |762 a s t x y |se=rainbow magic |
| | |800 a-e g k m-t v |sew=rainbow magic the jewel fairies |
| | |810 a-e g k m-p r-t | |
| | |v | |
| | |811 a c-e g k n p s | |
| | |t v | |
| | |830 a d f g k m-p | |
| | |r-t v | |
|Phrase |se= | | |
|Whole |sew= | | |
|phrase | | | |
Subject (su: or su= or suw=)
|Search by |Label |Fields and subfields|Guidelines and examples |
| | |indexed | |
|Word |su: |600 a-e g j k m-t v |Available for searching and browsing. |
| | |x-z |Supports non-Latin script searches. Arabic, Bengali, Chinese, Cyrillic, Devanagari, |
| | |610 a-e g k m-p r-t |Hebrew, Greek, Japanese, Korean, Tamil, and Thai scripts are currently supported. |
| | |v x-z |Retain first comma in name, if the comma is not the last element of a subfield. |
| | |611 a c-e g k n p q |Examples: |
| | |t v x-z |su:horror and yr:1990 and mt:rec |
| | |630 a d k m-p r-t v |su=french language and su:instruction and yr:1990 |
| | |x-z |suw=french language self instruction and yr:1990 |
| | |648 a v x-z |suw=english language textbooks for foreign speakers chinese and yr:1990 |
| | |650 a b v x-z | |
| | |651 a v x-z | |
| | |653 a | |
| | |654 a b v x y z | |
| | |655 a b v x-z | |
|Phrase |su= | | |
|Whole |suw= | | |
|phrase | | | |
For narrower subject searches:
LCSH (hl: or hl= or hlw=) search and browse
Searches same 6xx fields & subfields as su (above), but only if indicator 2 is 0
Personal name subject (na: or na= or naw=) search and browse
Searches 600 a-d j q
Corporate/Conference subject nc: or nc= or ncw=) search and browse
Searches 610 a-c d n p
611 a c-e n p q
Genre/Form (ge: or ge=) search and browse
Searches 600-654 v
655 a b v
Descriptors (de: or de=) search only
Searches 600-648 x
650. a b x
655. x
(For additional examples see OCLC’s Searching WorldCat Indexes)
Title (ti: or ti= or tiw=)
|Search by |Label |Fields and subfields indexed |Guidelines and/or examples |
|... | | | |
|Word |ti: |031 d t |Available for searching and browsing. |
| | |100 t |Supports non-Latin script searches. Arabic, Bengali, Chinese, Cyrillic, |
| | |110 t |Devanagari, Hebrew, Greek, Japanese, Korean, Tamil, and Thai scripts are |
| | |111 t |currently supported. |
| | |130 a d f g k m-p r-t |If you type more than one word, the system searches for any incidence of any |
| | |210 a |of the words anywhere in an indexed title field (spaces act as and). |
| | |214 a |Examples: |
| | |222 a b |ti:existentialism and mt:bks and yr:1900-55 |
| | |240 a d f g k m-p r s |ti:"mr and mrs" and yr:2000 |
| | |242 a b n p | |
| | |243 a d f g k m-p r s | |
| | |245 a b f g k n p | |
| | |246 a b n p | |
| | |247 a b n p | |
| | |440 a n p | |
| | |490 a | |
| | |505 t | |
| | |700 g k m-p r-t | |
| | |710 d g k m-p r-t | |
| | |711 g k n p s t | |
| | |730 a d f g k m-p r-t | |
| | |740 a n p | |
| | |770 a s t | |
| | |773 p s t | |
| | |780 s t | |
| | |785 s t | |
| | |787 s t | |
| | |800 g k m-p r-t | |
| | |810 d g k m-p r-t | |
| | |811 g k n p s t | |
| | |830 a d f g k m-p r-t v | |
|Phrase |ti= |031 d t |Available for searching and browsing. |
| | |130 a d f g k m-p r-t |Supports non-Latin script searches. |
| | |222 a b |Omit initial articles. |
| | |240 a d f g k m-p r s |Indexes title alone, title and subtitle together, and subtitle alone. |
| | |245 a b f g k n p |Example: |
| | |246 a b n p |ti=canterbury tales |
| | |505 t |ti=canterbury tales composd for the entertainment* |
| | |730 a d f g k m-p r-t |ti=composed for the entertainment* |
| | |740 a n p | |
|Whole |tiw= |031 d t |Available for searching and Supports non-Latin script searches. |
|phrase | |130 a d f-h k-p r-t |Omit initial articles. |
| | |222 a b |Indexes title only (cataloger-constructed). Does not index title and subtitle|
| | |240 a d f-h k-p r s |combined or subtitle alone. |
| | |245 a f g k n p |Example: |
| | |246 a b n p |tiw=let us now praise famous men |
| | |440 a n p | |
| | |700 f-h k-p r-t | |
| | |710 d f-h k-p r-t (d g n only | |
| | |if to the right of first | |
| | |subfield k or t) | |
| | |711 f-h k l n p s t (g n only | |
| | |if to the right of first | |
| | |subfield k or t) | |
| | |730 a d f-h k-p r-t | |
| | |740 a h n p | |
| | |800 f-h k-p r-t v | |
| | |810 d f-h k-p r-t v (d g n only| |
| | |if to the right of first | |
| | |subfield k or t) | |
| | |811 f-h k l n p s t v (g n only| |
| | |if to the right of first | |
| | |subfield k or t) | |
| | |830 a d f-h k-p r-t | |
Uniform title (ut: or ut= or utw=) search and browse
Searches 130 a d f g k m-p r-t
240. a d f g k m-p r-s
243 a d f g k m-p r-s
700 g k m-p r-t
710 d g k m-p r-t
711 d g k n p s t
730 a d f g k-p r-t
(For additional examples see OCLC’s Searching WorldCat Indexes)
Year* (yr:) *Qualifier index
|Search by |Label |Fields/subfields indexed|Guidelines and/or examples |
|Year(s) of |yr: |008/07-10 Date1 |Use to limit searches. |
|publication | |046 c |Enter either as a slash qualifier or enter with index label and colon. |
| | | |Example: |
| | | |ti=huckleberry finn/1994 |
| | | |Or |
| | | |ti=huckleberry finn and yr:1994 |
| | | |To exclude a year or years, use not yr: |
| | | |Example |
| | | |su=september 11 terrorist attacks not yr:1994 |
| | | |Enter single year or range of years or specify as shown in the following |
| | | |examples: |
| | | |Single year: ti=huckleberry finn and yr:1994 |
| | | |Decade: |
| | | |ti=huckleberry finn and yr:199? |
| | | |Century: |
| | | |ti=huckleberry finn and yr:19?? |
| | | |Single year and all later years: |
| | | |ti=huckleberry finn and yr:1999- |
| | | |Single year and all earlier years: ti=huckleberry finn and yr:-1960 |
| | | |Range of years: |
| | | |ti=huckleberry finn and yr:1980-3 |
| | | |ti=to the lighthouse and yr:1899-940 |
| | | |If the year has fewer than four numbers, add leading zeroes to make the date|
| | | |four digits long. |
| | | |Example: yr:0099 |
| | | |For unknown dates (code u), substitute zero. |
| | | |Example: |
| | | |In Date1, 19uu: type yr:1900 |
| | | |For no date, enter zeroes. |
| | | |Example: mt:dvd and yr:0000 |
Combine, qualify, and expand WorldCat searches
(abridgement of: Searching WorldCat indexes: Combine, qualify and expand)
Combine searches
Use the Boolean operators shown in the following table for combining search terms to narrow or broaden searches:
|Boolean operator |What the operator does |Example |
|and |Finds all terms anywhere in a record. |su:wom?n and ti:history and gc:new york and yr:1970- |
|or |Finds any single term or all terms. |pn=woolf, virginia or pn=woolf, leonard and yr:1900-50 |
|not |Excludes the term that follows not. |ti=civil war not su:battle not gc=united states |
Use the following proximity operators to indicate relationship and, optionally, position of search terms in relation to each other:
|Proximity |What the operator does |Example |
|operators | | |
|with |Finds both terms, in the order typed, with no words between. |ti:aluminum w wiring |
|(or w) | |Alternate: |
| | |Enclose phrase in quotation marks: |
| | |ti:"aluminum wiring" |
| |Followed by a number (1 to 25), finds both terms, in the order typed,|ti:aluminum w2 wiring |
| |with no more than the specified number of words between. | |
|near |Finds both terms, in any order, with no words between. |ti:moon n eclipse |
|(or n) | | |
| |Followed by a number (1 to 25), finds both terms, in any order, with |ti:chicken n3 egg |
| |no more than the specified number of words between. | |
Nesting. Boolean searches can be nested using parentheses.
| |Example: |
| |ut:(civil w1 war) and (battlefield w1 command*) |
Include an operator as a keyword in a search. To use and, or, not, with, or near as part of a search statement, enclose it in quotation marks to prevent the system from treating it as an operator.
| |Example: |
| |To search for the title Neighbors Near and Far which includes near and and, normally treated as operators, type ti:neighbors |
| |"near" "and" far. |
Guidelines for combining searches
• Type operators between search terms to combine them.
• Do not use Boolean or proximity operators and, or, not, with, or near for browsing (scanning indexes).
• Do not use proximity operators with or near for derived searches.
• Do not truncate a music publisher number or government document number in a combined search; type the complete number.
Qualifiers
You can qualify keyword searches to make a search more precise. You cannot qualify browse terms. Qualifiers limit searches by specific attributes. Qualifiers limit searches by specific attributes. The following WorldCat search qualifiers can be preceded by a slash (/) or by an index label and colon (:):
• Format (type of material) (mt: or /[format]). Slash qualifiers can be used for the following MARC formats only: Books (mt:bks or /bks), Computer Files (mt:com or /com), Continuing Resources (mt:cnr or /cnr), Integrating Resources (mt:inr or /inr), Maps (mt:map or /map), Mixed Materials (mt:mix or /mix), Scores (mt:sco or /sco), Serials (mt:ser or /ser), Sound Recordings (mt:rec or /rec), and Visual Materials (mt:vis or /vis).
• Year(s) of publication (yr: or /[year]).
• Microform or not microform (mf:mic or mf:nmc or /mf or /nmc).
• Cataloging source (Library of Congress) (dl:y or /dlc).
The following qualifiers can be preceded only by an index label and colon (:):
• Material type (mt:). To qualify by any MARC-defined material type, use the index label and the appropriate 3-letter code.
• Internet/non-Internet (mt:url or not mt:url).
• Language (la:). To qualify by language, use the index label and the appropriate 3-letter MARC code (or the full name of a language). For example, la:spa or la:spanish)
Qualify Command Line searches
Type qualifiers as part of a Command Line Search in the Search WorldCat screen:
|Action |
|Slash qualifiers: |
|In the Search WorldCat screen, under Command Line Search, type an index label, a colon, and a keyword/numeric or derived search, |
|followed by a slash and then a qualifier (no spaces). |
|Notes: |
|Slashes can be used only with format (for the MARC formats only), year, microform, and source qualifiers. Internet and language |
|qualifiers must be used with an index label followed by a colon. |
|Slash qualifiers must be the last elements of a search. |
|Examples: |
|Keyword search in the Command Line for a map of Scotland: |
|su scotland/map |
|Derived search in the Command Line for the title Gone with the Wind in book format published in the year 1980: |
|gon,wi,th,w/bks/1980 |
|Qualifier index labels: |
| |
|Instead of slashes, follow the search with a space, the Boolean operator and, a space, a qualifier label, a colon, and a |
|qualifier value. |
|Example: |
|Keyword search in the Command Line for the subject Navajo in materials published in 1980 or later: |
|su:navajo and yr:1980- |
Guidelines for qualifying searches
• Use slashes or index labels with the following four types of qualifiers: type of material (MARC formats only), years, microform, or source (/dlc).
• Use index labels only to qualify a search by any MARC-defined material type, Internet/non-Internet or a language (slashes are unavailable).
• You can use only one qualifier of each type in a search, for a maximum of six qualifiers per search.
• Slash qualifiers must appear in the last position within the search statement.
• Qualifiers with index labels (followed by colons) can appear anywhere in a search.
• Type qualifiers in any order.
• For keyword searches, you cannot qualify by no date
Qualify guided searches in the Keyword/Numeric Search area
Qualify searches in the Keyword/Numeric Search area of the Search WorldCat screen by selecting from lists or typing in a text box:
|Action |
|In the Search WorldCat screen, under Keyword/Numeric Search, after you enter search term(s) and select indexes, select one or |
|more of the following qualifiers: |
|To qualify by language, in the Language list, select a language. |
|Limit or expand the list of languages: By default the system lists nine of the most commonly used languages in WorldCat records. |
|To expand the selection to a comprehensive list of languages, click the More Languages button. The button text becomes Fewer |
|Languages. To return to the short list, click the Fewer Languages button. |
|To limit by format (MARC formats only), in the Format list, select Books, Computer Files, Continuing Resources, Integrating |
|Resources, Maps, Mixed Materials, Scores, Sound Recordings, or Visual Materials. |
|To limit by any MARC-defined material type, in the Mat. Type list, select the type you want. |
|Limit or expand the list of material types: By default the system lists only the material types most commonly used in WorldCat |
|records. To expand the selection to a comprehensive list of MARC-defined types, click the More Material Types button. The button |
|text becomes Fewer Material Types. To return to the short list, click the Fewer Material Types button. (+ & -) |
|To exclude or limit to internet resources, in the Internet list, click Not Internet or Internet, respectively. |
|To limit to materials cataloged by the Library of Congress, in the Cataloging Source list, select DLC. |
|To exclude or limit to microforms, in the Microform list, click Not Microform or Microform, respectively. |
|To limit by publication years, in the Years text box, type a year or range of years. |
|Default for all qualifiers: Any or [blank] |
List of qualifiers and values
|Qualification by (Qualifier |Available limits |How to enter |
|Label) | | |
| | | |
|Format, type of material |MARC formats: |Command Line Search area |
|(mt:) |Books (bks) | |
| |Computer Files (com) |To limit by the MARC formats: |
| |Continuing Resources (cnr) |Enter as slash qualifier or use the index label with the |
| |Integrating Resources (inr) |following values: |
| |Maps (map) |/bks or mt:bks |
| |Mixed Material (mix)) |/com or mt:com |
| |Scores (sco) |/cnr or mt:cnr |
| |Serials (ser) |/inr or mt:inr |
| |Sound Recordings (rec) |/map or mt:map |
| |Visual Materials (vis) |/mix or mt:mix |
| | |/ser or mt:ser |
| | |/sco or mt:sco |
| | |/rec or mt:rec |
| | |/vis or mt:vis |
| | | |
| | |To exclude a format, use not: |
| | |not mt:cnr |
| | | |
| | |Keyword/Numeric Search area |
| | | |
| | | |
| | |To limit by the MARC formats, in the Format list, select |
| | |the format you want. |
| | | |
|Material type (mt:) |All MARC-defined material types |To limit by any MARC-defined material type, use the index|
| | |label and the 3-letter code; |
| | |mt:vid |
| | |To exclude a material type, use not: |
| | |not mt:vid |
| | | |
| | |Keyword/Numeric Search area |
| | | |
| | |To limit by any MARC-defined material type, in the Mat. |
| | |Type list, select the type you want. |
| | | |
| | | |
|Years of publication (yr) |Single year [mcdy] |Command Line Search area |
| | | |
|(m=millennium, c=century, |Decade [mcd?] |Enter as a slash qualifier or with index label and colon:|
|d=decade, | |/1994 or yr:1994 |
|y=year) |Century [mc??] | |
| | |To exclude a year or years, use not: |
| |Single year and all later years [mcdy-] |not yr:1994 |
| | | |
| |Single year and all earlier years [-mcdy]|Keyword/Numeric Search area |
| | | |
| |Range of years: |In the Years box, type a year or range of years. |
| |[mcdy-y] | |
| |[mcdy-dy] |Examples: |
| |[mcdy-cdy] | |
| |[mcdy-mcdy] |199? |
| | |19?? |
| |No date (derived and numeric only) |1995- |
| | |-1995 |
| | |1980-3 |
| | |1880-91 |
| | |1880-920 |
| | |1880-1920 |
| | | |
| | | |
|Microform or not microform |Microform |Command Line Search area |
|(mf:) | | |
| |Not microform |Enter as slash qualifier: |
| | |/mf (microform) or /nm (not microform) |
| | | |
| | |Or enter the index label and one of the following two |
| | |values: |
| | |mf:mic or mf:nmc |
| | | |
| | |Keyword/Numeric Search area |
| | | |
| | |In the Microform list, select Microform or Not Microform |
| | | |
|Source (dl:) |Library of Congress/Program for |Command Line Search area |
| |Cooperative Cataloging | |
| |Note: To retrieve records contributed by |Enter as slash qualifier: /dlc |
| |a specific library, use the Cataloging | |
| |Source phrase index (cs=) and an OCLC |Or enter the index label and value: dl:y |
| |symbol. | |
| | |Note: When the qualifier is used with the index label, |
| | |the only value is y. |
| | | |
| | |Keyword/Numeric Search area |
| | | |
| | |In the Source list, select Any or DLC. |
| | | |
|Internet (mt:) |Internet |Command Line Search area |
| |(Limit results to records for Internet | |
| |resources) |Use the index label and one of the following two values: |
| |Non-Internet |mt:url or not mt:url |
| |(Exclude records for Internet resources) | |
| | |(Unavailable as a slash qualifier) |
| | | |
| | |Keyword/Numeric Search area |
| | | |
| | |In the Internet list, select Internet or Non-Internet |
| | | |
|Language (la:) |A language you specify. (Limit results to|Command Line Search area |
| |records that describe works in a selected| |
| |language.)Any: no language specified |Use the index label and the three-letter MARC code or the|
| |(Results can include records for works in|name of the language spelled out: |
| |any language.) |la:spa or la:spanish |
| | | |
| | |(Unavailable as a slash qualifier) |
| | | |
| | |Keyword/Numeric Search area |
| | | |
| | |In the Language list, select a language. (Click the plus |
| | |(+) or minus (-) sign next to the list to toggle between |
| | |a complete list of languages or a list of the nine most |
| | |used.) |
Expand or focus searches using wildcards and truncation
Use the following wildcard and truncation symbols to expand or focus searches:
|Symbol |Function |How to use |Example |
|# |Wildcard |Replace one character in a search. |wom#n retrieves woman and women |
|(number sign) | | | |
|? |Wildcard |Replace any number of unknown characters. |encyclop?dia retrieves encyclopedia |
|(question mark) | |Or |and encyclopaedia |
|Or | |Followed by a number, replace the specified |re?4tion retrieves recreation, |
|?n (question mark followed by a | |number of unknown characters. |refraction, relaxation, etc. |
|number from 1 to 9) | | | |
|* |Truncation |Add to the end of a word to retrieve variant|connect* retrieves connect, |
|(asterisk) | |endings. |connection, connectivity, etc. |
Result: The system retrieves up to 300 matches to search terms when you use wildcards or truncation.
Guidelines for using truncation and wildcard symbols
• Precede a truncation or wildcard symbol by at least three characters.
• Truncation can be used for Bengali, CJK (Chinese, Japanese, and Korean), Devanagari, Tamil, and Thai scripts only. For other supported non-Latin scripts, use browsing for automatical truncation.
Connexion searches arranged by MARC field
(for complete list see : Searching WorldCat indexes: List of fields and subfields indexed in tag order)
020 bn:
022 in: (always include hyphen)
040 cs= (qualifier) dl: (qualifier; for coop programs; dl:y = /dlc) Use OCLC symbols
043 gc: gc:
050 lc:
100 pn: pn= pnw= or au: au= auw= (broader) or kw: (broadest)
110 cn: cn= cnw= or au: au= auw= (broader) or kw: (broadest)
111 cn: cn= cnw= or au: au= auw= (broader) or kw: (broadest)
130 ut: ut= utw= or ti: ti= tiw= (broader) or kw: (broadest)
240 ut: ut= utw= or ti: ti= tiw= (broader) or kw: (broadest)
245 ti: ti= tiw= or kw: (broadest) [tiw= doesn’t index subfield b]
246 ti: ti= tiw= or kw: (broadest) [tiw= does index subfield b]
260 $a pl: $b pb: pb= $c yr: (qualifier; based on 008 field)
$c kw: (based on 008 field)
300 none
440 se: se= sew= or ti: tiw= (broader) or kw: (broadest) [se searches search $a $v $x]
490 se: se= sew= or ti: (broader) or kw: (broadest) [se searches search $a $v $x]
5XX nt: or kw: (broadest)
600 na: na= naw= or su: su= suw= (broader) or kw: (broadest) $x searched by de:
$v searched by ge: (also searches 655 $a)
$z searched by gc: (also searches 043)
610 nc: nc= ncw= or su: su= suw= (broader) or kw: (broadest)
611 nc: nc= ncw= or su: su= suw= (broader) or kw: (broadest)
650 su: su= suw= or kw: (broadest) $x searched by de:
$v searched by ge: (also searches 655 $a)
$z searched by gc: (also searches 043)
651 su: su= suw= or kw: (broadest) $x searched by de:
$v searched by ge: (also searches 655 $a)
$z searched by gc: (also searches 043)
700 same as 100
710 same as 110
711 same as 111
730 same as 130
830 se: se= sew= or ti: tiw= (broader) or kw: (broadest) [se searches search $a $v $x]
Link to some of OCLC’s Connexion documentation:
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