Renaissance Art



Renaissance Art Slideshow

paintings, sketches, architecture,

sculpture, and literature

The Beginning of Modern Painting – Four Major Changes

Oil on stretched canvas – this technique allowed painters to show textures and three-dimensional forms more accurately.

Perspective – Linear perspective used the vanishing point. (All lines appear to converge at one point.) It gives a painting depth. One trick used to accomplish this was blurring details as the object appeared further away.

The Use of Light and Shadow – Using chiaroscuro (it means light/dark in Italian) artists could show more rounded shapes in painting.

Pyramid Configuration – The focus of the painting in a chosen point. It is where the painting reaches a climax.

Raphael (1483- 1520)

“School of Athens”

Called to Rome by the Pope, Raphael finished painting rooms in the Vatican with the help of 50 students!

This painting is an excellent example of linear perspective. You can see the depth. (Also notice the use of shading.)

0. It is located in the Vatican Palace in Rome

1. It depicts an imaginary gathering of Greek philosophers

Compare Medieval and Renaissance Perspective

Renaissance - Raphael’s fresco has more depth

Medieval - Notice how the people seem

to be stacked on top of each other (to the left)

Boticelli (1444-1510)

“Birth Of Venus”

Although Botticelli’s painting looks more medieval than Renaissance, he borrowed his subject matter from classic Greek mythology.

Da Vinci (1452 – 1519)

“Mona Lisa”

It used to hang in Napoleon’s bedroom. When it visited Tokyo, viewers were allowed ten seconds to see it. It caused traffic jams in New York when 1.6 million people came to see it in seven weeks.

The painting exhibits perspective. All lines are drawn to a point behind Mona Lisa’s head.

Excellent use of chiaroscuro. Colors blend into one another without outlines.

Her hands are very realistic. Da Vinci dissected over 30 cadavers and studied many skeletons to perfect his talents.

• Her real name was Lisa Gherardini del Giocondo. She was the wife of a wealthy merchant. Married at 16, she was 24 in this painting and the mother of 2 sons.

• The painting became famous worldwide after it was stolen in 1911.

Self-Portrait?

Some theorists believe that the Mona Lisa is actually a self-portrait of DaVinci.

What do you think? (His self-portrait does exist underneath the painting of Mona Lisa. It was found by an x-ray examination, but was painted over. It was common for artists to reuse or recycle canvasses to save money.)

Da Vinci sketches – Muscles of neck and shoulders, skeleton, baby in womb

Leonardo was very interested in anatomy. His paintings looked realistic because he knew how all of the body’s muscles worked and moved.

His sketches of the growth of the fetus in the womb were so accurate they could be used to teach medical students today.

These sketches were done at a time when dissection was

completely illegal

• DaVinci was also an inventor and made sketches

for things that were ahead of his time.

(helicopter, parachute, etc.)

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Michelangelo (1475 – 1564)

“Last Judgment”

• Finished years after he painted the Sistine Chapel ceiling, its mood is

gloomy.

• This religious painting depicts the end of the world. Over 400 figures are

either ascending into heaven or falling into hell.

• Jesus is centrally located and surrounded by saints.

0. Michelangelo’s self-portrait is pictured in the flayed skin held by Saint Bartholomew.

In his paintings, Michelangelo often used bodies rather than faces to express emotion.

1. Biagio, the pope’s assistant who criticized Michelangelo’s work for its nudity, is pictured on the bottom left with a serpent and donkey ears.

Michelangelo

Sistine Chapel Ceiling

• Located more than 60 feet above the floor!

• At the center of the ceiling you can see the nine frescoes that illustrate the Biblical stories of the Creation, Noah, Adam & Eve.

• Nearly all the work is his. He only allowed his assistants to prepare his paint, plaster, and work on minor details. It took 4 years to complete.

• How did they reach the ceiling?

Van Eyck (1390 – 1441)

“Arnolfini Wedding”

Van Eyck’s brother is credited with inventing oil painting. He was so idolized for his discovery that his right arm was preserved as a holy relic.

Known as a master of realism and showed incredible detail. You can see details such as the beginning of stubble on some subjects’ chins.

Textures become very realistic due to oil paint.

Objects often symbolized important themes. In this painting the dog represents fidelity (loyalty) and the lit candle represents the Holy Spirit. The whole painting can be seen in miniature on the mirror on the wall.

0. Also note: broom, rug, oranges, prayer beads, mini pictures on mirror

1. Themes of marriage, domesticity, wealth, religion, fertility

2. Note Van Eyck’s signature on wall

Brunelleschi (1377 – 1446)

Duomo of Florence

•Known as the father of modern engineering.

•He was a skilled goldsmith, sculptor, architect, clock maker, and mathematician.

•He built the dome for the Florence Cathedral.

It is made of two shells leaning against each other and held together by the lantern on the

top.

•Everyone thought it would collapse.

Compare the interior of the dome to the

Roman Pantheon, built over 1,000 years

earlier.

Duomo of Florence

Andrea Palladio (1508-1580) Pantheon

Villa Barbaro

Well known for making villas and palaces.

Strong Greek and Roman influence. You can see the columns and arches.

Buildings were usually symmetrical. (Same distances on each side.)

Bernini (1598 – 1680)

“The Ecstasy of St.Theresa”

• Known as a playwright, painter, composer, architect and sculptor.

• St. Theresa supposedly heard voices from angels. She believed herself to be pierced by an angel’s dart with divine love.

• He was known for capturing action in his sculptures. The whole sculpture seems alive and moving.

Compare Michelangelo’s David (1504) to Bernini’s David (1623) and

Donatello’s David (1425)

• Notice the relaxed posture of Donatello’s and Michelangelo’s David (contrapposto-which means counterpoise)

• Notice the action of Bernini’s David.

• The first one is bronze, the others are marble

• Notice how the artists chose to represent David differently in each

• All three artists tried to sculpt the human body with REALISTIC details.

Michelangelo’s David

• The statue is over 13 feet tall

• It is carved out of a single piece of marble.

• It depicts the Bible story of David just before he slays Goliath

• It was displayed in front of city hall in Florence (a nude statue!)

• The hand was broken off accidentally by construction workers when it was moved to a museum indoors.

Shakespeare (1564-1616)

Hamlet – “To be or not to be…”

•He is recognized as the greatest

English writer.

•Wrote tragedies, comedies,

histories, romances, and sonnets.

•Characters he created were often

loved or hated because they were

flawed (imperfect). His characters were REALISTIC.

The Globe Theater (1599)

•The original burned down in 1613 due to a cannon shot used as a prop during a performance

• Archaeologists located the original foundation in 1989 and it was rebuilt shortly thereafter.

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Michelangelo’s work is best known for his REALISTIC depiction of the human body!

To be, or not to be:

that is the question

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