Two Articles on Athens - Lanternfish ESL



Two Articles on Education Research

|Teacher Questioning Practices | |Teacher Questioning Practices |

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|Asking questions is probably the most common interaction that language teachers| |What is the most common interaction that teachers have with students?|

|have with their students. Research on the frequency of questions asked in the | | |

|classroom indicates just how common they are. In one study, researchers have | |According to one study, how many questions did teacher ask in one |

|found that teachers ask between 300-400 questions per day. In another study | |day? |

|researchers observed teachers asking 938 questions during 6 elementary school | |What are two types of questions? |

|lessons. | | |

| | |What is an open question? |

|Another way to view questions types is to look at whether or not they are open | | |

|or closed. A closed question is a question for which there is but one answer. | |What is a closed question? |

|What is two plus two? is a prime example of a closed question. An open question| | |

|is a question for which there is more than one answer. | |What is convergent thinking? |

| | | |

|The issue of open versus closed questions has also been linked to the issue of | |What is divergent thinking? |

|convergent thinking versus divergent thinking. Convergent thinking is the | | |

|ability to give the ‘correct answer’ on standard questions. Success in school | |What kind of thinking is linked to success in school? |

|often depends on convergent thinking. | | |

| | |What kind of thinking is linked to creativity? |

|Divergent thinking, on the other hand, is the ability to generate multiple | | |

|solutions to a problem or to look at problems in multiple ways. Divergent | |How can language teachers use open questions? |

|thinking is linked to creativity. As a language teacher, open questions can be | | |

|used to generate lengthier responses from students and more discussion in | |Score out of 10: ________________ |

|general. | | |



Two Articles on Education Research

|Display Versus Referential Questions | |Display Versus Referential Questions |

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|Questions are commonly divided into two categories: display questions and | |(1) What two types of questions does the article mention? |

|referential questions. Display questions are questions for which the teacher| | |

|knows the answer already. The purpose of display questions is in general to | |(2) What are display questions? |

|test a student’s knowledge, to check comprehension, or to practice language.| | |

|The teacher is not trying to learn new information. Referential questions | |(3) What are referential questions? |

|are genuine questions for which the teacher does not know the answer in | | |

|advance. | |(4) What kind of questions do teachers tend to use? |

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|In general, research has found that teachers tend to use display questions | |(5) What kind of class do teachers tend to use the most display |

|more than referential questions. Teachers also tend to use more display | |questions with? |

|questions for lower level classes than for advanced classes. | | |

| | |(6)How do student answers differ with display and referential |

|Though display questions are used more by teachers, referential questions | |questions? |

|have been linked to longer and more syntactically complex responses from | |(a) (1 point) |

|students meaning more student production in general. As well, display | | |

|questions are found rarely outside the classroom and so if the purpose of | |(b) (1 point) |

|classroom instruction is to model real world communication, some authors | | |

|such as David Nunan feel display questions are pedagogically purposeless. | |(7) Why do some researchers feel display questions shouldn’t be used |

| | |in the classroom? |

|However, even if display question are rarely found outside the classroom, | | |

|they are essential for checking comprehension and assessing student | |(8) Why are display questions important? |

|knowledge. Therefore, teachers will always need some display questions. So | | |

|perhaps, a good strategy is for teachers to monitor their own questions and | |(9) What strategy does the article recommend? |

|try to reduce the number of display questions they ask. | | |

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| | |Score out of 10: ________________ |



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