Opioid Overdose, Death & Dependency in Lane County



General OverviewResidents in Lane County use a wide variety of medications and drugs (including alcohol) for treatment and recreation purposes. These medications and drugs are often highly regulated by federal and state agencies, however misuse, abuse, addiction and overdose continues to occur in our community. In 2008, more than 36,000 people died from drug overdoses, most of which were caused by prescription drugs. Many types of prescription drugs are abused, however nearly 3 out of 4 are prescription drug overdoses are caused by prescription painkillers. -1714502159000Opioid overdose deaths in the US involving prescription pain relievers have risen more than 300% since 1999 and continue to rise. With increased use of opioids communities have seen increases in overdose hospitalizations and deaths, and need for treatment. Prescription pain relievers were responsible for:14,800 overdose deaths in 2008 (more than cocaine and heroin combined);475,000 emergency department visits in 2009;More than 12 million people reporting nonmedical use in 2010.Oregon and Lane County FindingsThe following data describes opioid and drug-related death, hospitalization and use in Lane County and Oregon. Opioid Overdose DeathsOregon data indicates that opioids are the leading contributor to drug-induced deaths in comparison to other drugs.In 2012, 23 Lane County residents died from prescription opioid overdose and 10 died from heroin overdose for a total of 33 opioid overdose deaths in Lane County. Lane County’s overdose and death rates mirror Oregon rates. Rates of death are trending downward, however hospital admissions for overdose continue to trend upwards indicating prescription opioid abuse as a concern.Unintentional and undetermined prescription opioid deaths in Oregon peaked in 2006 (6.5 per 100,000) and declined to 4.2 per 100,000 in 2012. However, deaths due to unintentional and undetermined prescription opioid overdose in 2012 remain 2.5 times higher than in 2000. Unintentional and undetermined heroin deaths have tripled since 2000. The Oregon rate of death increased from 0.9 per 100,000 to 2.9 per 100,000. Unlike other drug types, heroin deaths and overdose have not peaked. The highest death rates due to drug overdose occurred among 45-54 year olds (followed by adults aged 35-44 and 25-34), as well as Caucasian and non-Latino males. Drug-Induced DeathsBetween 2000-2012, 4,182 people died in Oregon due to unintentional and undetermined drug overdose (322 per year).A 2013 Oregon Medical Examiner report noted Lane County as having a 5 drug-related death increase from 2012. The report also noted that oxycodone use surpassed methadone in topping the list of major drug prescription deaths.Lane County drug-induced death data:Lane County’s rate of death from drug-induced causes has been steadily increasing since 2000. From 2007-2011 the rate was 18.1 per 100,000 and is statistically significantly higher than the State rate. Total deaths for the 5 year period were 319.HospitalizationIn 2013, there were 25 Lane County residents hospitalized for prescription opioid overdose.Lane County hospitalization rates for prescription opioid overdose continues to trend upwards.Between 2000-2012, 15,230 people were hospitalized in Oregon due to an unintentional and undetermined drug overdose (1,171 per year). Overdose hospitalizations due to all drugs have increased from 663 in 2000 to 1,499 in 2012 (38.4 per 100,000).The average rate of hospitalization for drug overdose was higher among Caucasian and non-Latino females than males as well as people ages 85+, followed by 45-54, 75-84.In 2012, hospitalization charges for drug overdose ranged from $16,000 to $29,000 per hospitalization with a length of stay ranging from 2-3 days. Pharmaceutical opioid: 584 patientsHeroin : 101 patientsAnti-depressants/Psychotropics: 1,624 patientsBenzodiazepines: 518 patientsPsychostimulants: 144 patientsAlcohol: 97 patientsMethadone: 97 patientsOther/Unspecified: 831 patientsIn 2012, the leading specified drug type among drug abuse or dependency diagnoses from hospital admissions in Oregon was pharmaceutical opioid (4,501).Opioid Use In 2012, over 900,000 Oregonians (24%) received a prescription for an opioid. The following tables describe the number of opioids prescribed in 2012 in Lane County, by age group:From 2008-2010, an estimated 7% of Lane County adults ages 18+ and 17% of Lane County adults ages 18-25 used prescription pain relievers nomadically in the past year. In 2014, nearly 4% of Lane County 8th grade students and 9% of Lane county 11th grade students reported using prescription drugs without a doctor’s orders in the past month. Prescription drugs are the 4th most commonly abused drug among Lane County youth.RecommendationsThe following are recommendations from Oregon’s representatives to the National Governor’s Association Task Force of Prescription Drug Abuse:Reduce the number of pills in circulation;Educate the public around limitations and risks of prescription controlled substances and the importance of safeguarding prescriptions;Help get rid of unwanted prescription drugs through take-back programs and events;Provide effective, evidence-based and coordinated treatment for people who are addicted to prescription drugs, including promoting co-prescriptions of naloxone whenever prescribing opioid analgesics;Develop an evaluation process to measure efficacy, improvements, trends, etc.References ................
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