Diversity of Life - Classification and Phylogeny
Diversity of Life - Classification and Phylogeny
Classification
Classification v. Taxonomy
Classification ? the systematic grouping of entities into categories
Taxonomy ? the science of describing, naming and classifying
organisms
Diversity of Life - Classification and Phylogeny
Classification
Binomial name ? two-word naming system (Carolus Linnaeus)
? First part is the genus (genera, plural) Second part is the species
written: Genus species or Genus species ex. Felis catus (domestic cat)
Diversity of Life - Classification and Phylogeny
Hierachical classification
? based on the grouping of related objects or description of objects
Broad
category Kingdom
Phylum
King Philip
Class
Can
Order
Order
Families
Families
Specific category
Genus species
Grow Spinach
Diversity of Life - Classification and Phylogeny
Phylogeny
? the evolutionary history of a species or a group of related species.
Phylogenetic tree
? a branching diagram that represents a hypothesis about evolutionary relationships among organisms.
Diversity of Life - Classification and Phylogeny
Two systems are used to classify organisms:
Traditional (Aristotelian) analysis
? Classification system based on similarities and differences showing increasing complexity.
Lizards
(Reptilia) Snakes Crocodiles
(Aves) Birds - flight
common ancestor
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