Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God Study Guide
Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God Study Guide
Connecting to the Essential Question:
• This sermon had a powerful effect on its original audiences.
• Think about the Essential Question: How does Literature shape or reflect society?
Literary Analysis
• A sermon is broadly defined as a speech given from a pulpit in a house of worship.
o It conveys its speaker’s point of view.
o It is a form of oratory (formal public speaking)
o It displays the following elements:
▪ They are persuasive, inspiring listeners to take action.
▪ They address the needs and concerns of the audience or listeners.
▪ They appeal to the emotions.
▪ They include expressive and rhythmic language.
Often orators also include images, patterns, characters, or stories form the Bible, myth, or classical literature. These archetypes add a deeper dimension for listeners who apply the ancient meanings to the new message.
Reading Strategy:
Preparing to read complex texts:
• Monitor comprehension of unfamiliar words and look for context clues – other words, phrases, and sentences that can help you understand.
Vocabulary:
Constitution - physical makeup of a person
Prudence –carefulness; caution
Omnipotent – all - powerful
Mediator – one who reconciles opposing groups
Induce – cause; bring about; persuade
Grammar Focus: Correlative Conjunctions:
• a word pair that is used to connect similar words or groups of words
o Both/and
▪ According to Edwards, both moral strictness and church attendance will reduce God’s wrath.
o Either/or
▪ Either the arrow will be released, or it will not.
o Neither/ nor
▪ The storm, neither furious nor dreadful, can be released at any time.
o Not only / but also
▪ The sermon appeals not only to people’s fears, but also to their hopes.
o Whether / or
▪ Who decides whether a person will go to Heaven or burn in Hell.
Vocabulary Acquisition and Use:
Latin Prefix omni-
• The Latin prefix omni- means “all” or “every.” Omnipotent, then means “all-powerful.”
Overview:
• Jonathon Edward’s frightening imagery of God’s potential for wrath and destruction recalls stories of floods, fires, and divine retribution in the Old Testament of the King James Bible.
o This imagery terrified Edward’s audience.
o Since the Bible had been in circulation for over 130 years, the Puritans would have found the images in his sermon quite familiar.
o The Bible with its haunting language and vivid imagery would have been common daily reading for most of Edward’s listeners.
o Edwards delivered this famous sermon to a congregation in Enfield, Connecticut in 1741.
o Surprisingly, he spoke quietly and without emotion.
o He read the six-hour sermon in a level voice staring over the heads of his audience at the bell rope that hung against the back wall “as if he would stare it in two.”
o Despite his calm manner, his listeners are said to have screamed in terror.
o Edwards had to stop several times to ask for silence.
o Toward the end of his sermon, Edwards switches his tone to one of hope as long as the sinners repented and asked for forgiveness.
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