EROSION AND SEDIMENT POLLUTION CONTROL …

COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION

OFFICE OF WATER MANAGEMENT

EROSION AND SEDIMENT POLLUTION CONTROL PROGRAM MANUAL

April 15, 2000

BUREAU OF WATERSHED MANAGEMENT DIVISION OF WATERWAYS, WETLANDS AND EROSION CONTROL

An Equal Opportunity Employer

DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION BUREAU OF WATERSHED MANAGEMENT

DOCUMENT NO: 363-2134-008

TITLE:

Erosion and Sediment Pollution Control Program Manual

EFFECTIVE DATE: April 15, 2000

AUTHORITY:

Pennsylvania Clean Stream Law (35 P.S. ?691.1 et seq.) and regulations at 25 Pa. Code Chapter 102.

POLICY:

It is the policy of the Department of Environmental Protection (DEP) to provide guidance and procedures for those engaged in earth disturbance activities on ways to minimize accelerated erosion and resulting sediment pollution to the waters of the Commonwealth.

PURPOSE:

The purpose of this guidance is to tell those engaged in earth disturbance activities and in the preparation of erosion and sediment control plans how to comply with Chapter 102 rules and regulations.

APPLICABILITY:

This guidance applies to all those engaged in the preparation of erosion and sediment control plans for earth disturbance activities in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania.

DISCLAIMER:

The guidance and procedures outlined in this document are intended to summarize existing requirements. The policies and procedures herein are not an adjudication or regulation. There is no intent on the part of DEP to give this document that weight or deference. The guidance and procedures merely summarize how and on what basis DEP will administer and implement its responsibilities with respect to erosion and sediment control on earth disturbance sites. DEP reserves the discretion to deviate from the guidance and procedures in this document if circumstances warrant.

PAGE LENGTH: 180 pages

LOCATION:

Volume 34, Tab 6

DEFINITIONS:

See 35 P.S. ?691.1 and 25 Pa. Code Chapter 102 & 102.1.

363-2134-008 / April 15, 2000

FOREWORD

The various Best Management Practices (BMPs) described herein are primarily utilized during earth disturbances associated with land development and construction activities. Other special Best Management Practices for agricultural plowing or tilling activities which provide for the economic viability of farms, maintenance of the land, and protection of Pennsylvania waterways are described in the Natural Resources Conservation Services' Pennsylvania Soil and Water Conservation Technical Guide. An overview of these Agricultural Best Management Practices is also provided in A Conservation Catalog Practices for the Conservation of Pennsylvania's Natural Resources. Persons conducting agricultural plowing or tilling activities are encouraged to review the practices described in the Catalog and contact their local County Conservation District or Natural Resources Conservation District office for more detailed planning information and assistance. This manual lists various BMPs and design standards which are acceptable in Pennsylvania. BMPs, when designed according to these standards, and properly implemented and maintained, will achieve the regulatory standard of minimizing the potential for accelerated erosion and sedimentation. At the same time, their proper implementation will protect, maintain, reclaim and restore water quality and existing and designated uses of Commonwealth waters. Alternate BMPs, not listed in this manual, that provide the same (or greater) level of protection, may also be used to attain the regulatory standard. It is incumbent on the person proposing the use of alternative BMPs to demonstrate their effectiveness with appropriate test results or other documentation. BMPs that fail after installation must be repaired to function properly or be replaced by alternative BMPs that will serve the intended purpose. For example, if a skimmer in a basin or trap does not function as intended, it may need to be replaced by a perforated riser that does function as intended. Likewise, if unforeseen conditions occur on a site, and the installed BMPs are obviously not effective, then alternate BMPs must be designed and installed. The need for redesign will be determined on a case-by-case basis.

363-2134-008 / April 15, 2000 / Page i

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

Foreword............................................................................................................................................ i Erosion and Sediment Control Plan Content ..................................................................................... 1 Design Discharge Capacity................................................................................................................ 5 Channel Design ................................................................................................................................. 16 Sediment Basins ................................................................................................................................ 40

Sediment Traps ...................................................................................................................... 64

Stabilization Methods and Standards ................................................................................................ 70 Surface Roughening .................................................................................................................... 70 Stair Step Grading ....................................................................................................................... 70 Grooving Slopes .......................................................................................................................... 71 Tracking Slopes ........................................................................................................................... 72 Seeding........................................................................................................................................ 73 Mulching....................................................................................................................................... 76 Erosion Control Blankets ............................................................................................................. 78

Miscellaneous Best Management Practices ...................................................................................... 79 Rock Construction Entrances with Wash Rack............................................................................ 80 Rock Construction Entrance ........................................................................................................ 81 Vegetative Filter Strip................................................................................................................... 82 Straw Bale Barriers ...................................................................................................................... 83 Rock Filter Outlet ......................................................................................................................... 85 Standard Filter Fabric Fence ....................................................................................................... 86 Reinforced Filter Fabric Fence..................................................................................................... 89 Super Silt Fence .......................................................................................................................... 91 Rock Filters .................................................................................................................................. 93 Benches ....................................................................................................................................... 95 Earthen and Structural Level Spreaders...................................................................................... 97 Pumped Water Filter Bags........................................................................................................... 100 Top of Slope Berms ..................................................................................................................... 101 Temporary Slope Pipes ............................................................................................................... 102 Storm Inlet Protection .................................................................................................................. 104 Outlet Protection .......................................................................................................................... 111

Pipeline and Utility Line Projects........................................................................................................ 125 Erosion and Sediment Controls for In-Channel Work ........................................................................ 131 New Products and Procedures .......................................................................................................... 136 Low Hazard Individual Lot Erosion and Sediment Control Plans....................................................... 137 Checklists .......................................................................................................................................... 138

Complete Plan Checklist.............................................................................................................. 139 E&S Control Plan Technical Review Checklist ............................................................................ 141 Standard Worksheets ........................................................................................................................ 144 Standard Erosion and Sediment Control Plan Notes......................................................................... 168 Standards for Maps and Drawings..................................................................................................... 169

363-2134-008 / April 15, 2000 / Page ii

LIST OF TABLES

Table Number

Name

Page

1

Pennsylvania Rainfall by Counties .......................................................................... 6

2

Runoff Coefficients for the Rational Equation ........................................................ 8

3

Roughness Coefficient For Tc Computations .......................................................... 9

4

Geometric Elements of Channel Sections............................................................... 17

5

Erodible Soils in Pennsylvania ................................................................................ 19

6

Maximum Permissible Shear Stresses for Various Channel Liners ........................ 21

7

Classification of Vegetative Covers as to Degree of Retardance............................ 22

7a

Maximum Permissible Velocities for Channels Lined for Vegetation ...................... 23

8

Manning's Roughness Coefficient ("n") for Commonly Used Temporary

Channel Linings....................................................................................................... 24

9

Riprap Gradation, Filter Blanket Requirements Maximum Velocities...................... 24

10

Gradation of Filter Rock .......................................................................................... 25

10a

Comparison of Various Gradations of Coarse Aggregates ..................................... 25

11

Riprap Size Adjustment Factor for Various Rock Types ......................................... 25

12

Recommended n Values to be Used with Manning's Equation............................... 26

13

Maximum Permissible Velocities for Reno Mattresses & Gabions.......................... 31

14

Kp Values for Common Sizes of Pipe ...................................................................... 46

15

Plant Tolerances of Soil Limitation Factors ............................................................. 75

16

Mulch Application Rates.......................................................................................... 77

17

Maximum Slope Length for Straw Bale Barriers ..................................................... 83

18

Maximum Slope Length for Filter Fabric Fences..................................................... 87

19

Maximum Slope Length for Super Silt Fence.......................................................... 91

20

Bench Spacing ........................................................................................................ 95

21

Minimum Dimensions for Temporary Slope Pipes .................................................. 102

363-2134-008 / April 15, 2000 / Page iii

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