Module #:2 Groundwater Sources of Supply and Protection

Drinking Water Operator Certification Training

Module #:2 Groundwater Sources of Supply and

Protection

This course includes content developed by the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection (Pa. DEP) in cooperation with the following contractors, subcontractors, or grantees:

The Pennsylvania State Association of Township Supervisors (PSATS) Gannett Fleming, Inc.

Dering Consulting Group Penn State Capitol Campus Environmental Training Center

MODULE 2: GROUNDWATER SOURCES OF SUPPLY AND PROTECTION

Topical Outline Unit 1 ? Introduction to Groundwater I. Definitions II. Types of Water

A. Atmospheric Water B. Surface Water C. Groundwater III. Hydrologic Cycle A. Overview B. Process C. Hydrologic Cycle in Pennsylvania IV. Groundwater Usage A. Groundwater in the United States B. Groundwater in Pennsylvania

Unit 2 ? Aquifers I. Types of Aquifers

A. Unconfined Aquifer B. Confined Aquifer C. Perched Water Table II. Pennsylvania Aquifers A. Sand and Gravel Aquifers B. Sandstone and Shale Aquifers C. Carbonate Rock Aquifers D. Crystalline Rock Aquifers

III. Groundwater Sources A. Wells B. Springs C. Infiltration Galleries, Radial Collector

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MODULE 2: GROUNDWATER SOURCES OF SUPPLY AND PROTECTION

Unit 3 ? Source Development and Construction I. Source Development

A. Water Supply Alternatives B. Facility Location

II. Groundwater Source Development A. Sanitary Survey B. Wellhead Protection Area C. Testing

III. Well Construction A. Casings B. Screens C. Upper Well Terminus D. Capping and Abandonment E. Well Pumps, Discharge Piping and Appurtenances F. Special Construction Requirements

Unit 4 ? Source Water Protection I. Source Water Protection (Wellhead Protection) Plan

A. Minimum Requirements B. Suggested Additional Components II. Drought Contingency Plan A. Enhances Water Supplier's Ability B. Provisions C. Public Education and Awareness D. Establishes Drought Stages

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Unit 1 ? Introduction to Groundwater

Learning Objectives

? Define evaporation, transpiration, evapotranspiration, groundwater, and water table. ? List three types of water and explain each. ? Explain the steps in the Hydrologic Cycle.

Bureau of Water Supply and Wastewater Management, Department of Environmental Protection Drinking Water Operator Certification Training

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