Comparative Analysis of Port Tariff Levels in ESCAP Region

ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COMMISSION FOR ASIA AND THE PACIFIC

KOREA MARITIME INSTITUTE

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF PORT TARIFFS IN THE ESCAP REGION

UNITED NATIONS

ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COMMISSION FOR ASIA AND THE PACIFIC

KOREA MARITIME INSTITUTE

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF PORT TARIFFS IN THE ESCAP REGION

UNITED NATIONS

New York, 2002

ST/ESCAP/2190

This study was prepared under the Memorandum of Understanding between ESCAP and the Korea Maritime Institute, signed in 1998. The views expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the United Nations Secretariat. The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Mention of firm names and commercial products does not imply the endorsement of the United Nations. This publication has been issued without formal editing.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Grateful acknowledgement is made to the Government of the Republic of Korea for the generous funding of this study.

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CONTENTS

Page

1. INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................................1

1.1 BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY.......................................................................................................1 1.2 STUDY APPROACH AND SCOPE...................................................................................................... 1

2. THE CONTEXT OF PORT PRICING ...........................................................................................3

2.1 PRICING OBJECTIVES ....................................................................................................................3 2.2 PRICING STRUCTURE ....................................................................................................................3 2.3 ESCAP/UNDP MODEL PORT TARIFF STRUCTURE....................................................................... 9 2.4 PORT PRICING APPROACHES........................................................................................................ 11

3. COMPARISON OF PORT TARIFF STRUCTURES ..................................................................15

3.1 MODIFICATION OF THE MODEL PORT TARIFF STRUCTURE FOR COMPARISON.............................. 15 3.2 COMPARISON OF TARIFF STRUCTURES ........................................................................................ 17 3.3 CHARACTERISTICS OF PORT TARIFF STRUCTURES BY COUNTRY .................................................. 19 3.4 PORT PRICING APPROACHES AND SYSTEMS BY COUNTRY............................................................ 27

4. COMPARISON OF ACTUAL PORT TARIFF LEVELS ...........................................................34

4.1 METHODOLOGY..........................................................................................................................34 4.2 HYPOTHETICAL SHIPS AND CARGO THROUGHPUT ASSUMPTIONS ................................................ 34 4.3 COMPARISON OF PORT TARIFF LEVELS AND COMPETITIVENESS................................................... 36

5. CONCLUSION AND ISSUES RAISED........................................................................................42

5.1 MODEL TARIFF STRUCTURE ........................................................................................................42 5.2 COMPARISON OF PORT TARIFF LEVELS ........................................................................................ 43 5.3 TRIGGER MODEL FOR TARIFF REVISION....................................................................................... 43

ANNEXES

I.

PORT TARIFF SURVEY QUESTIONNAIRE ....... ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED.

II. LITERATURE ON PORT PRICING....................... ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED.

III. PORT TARIFF-SETTING MODEL ........................ ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED.

IV. TRIGGERMODEL FOR TARIFF REVISION ...... ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED.

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TABLES

Page

TABLE 2-1 TABLE 2-2 TABLE 2-3 TABLE 4-1 TABLE 4-2 TABLE 4-3 TABLE 4-4 TABLE 4-5

DIFFERENT TARIFF CATEGORIES............................................................................................ 8 ESCAP/UNDP MODEL PORT TARIFF STRUCTURE ............................................................. 10 MODEL PORT TARIFF STRUCTURE ? MODIFIED FOR COMPARISON....................................... 16 CONTAINER THROUGHPUT PROFILE FOR 3,000 TEU HYPOTHETICAL SHIP ........................... 35 CONTAINER THROUGHPUT PROFILE FOR 1,100 TEU HYPOTHETICAL SHIP.......................... 35 ECONOMIC INDICATORS OF INDIVIDUAL COUNTRIES ........................................................... 37 COMPARISON OF PORT TARIFF LEVELS (3,000 TEU CLASS SHIP)......................................... 40 COMPARISON OF PORT TARIFF LEVELS (1,100 TEU CLASS SHIP)......................................... 41

BIBLIOGRAPHY .................................................................... ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED.

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