THE INFLUENCE OF CULTURAL CONTEXT ON VOCATIONAL ASSESSMENT WITH ...
THE INFLUENCE OF CULTURAL CONTEXT ON VOCATIONAL ASSESSMENT WITH
BICULTURAL LATINA/O COLLEGE STUDENTS
By
DENIS FLANIGAN
A DISSERTATION PRESENTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL
OF THE UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT
OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE OF
DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY
UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA
2011
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? 2011 Denis Flanigan
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
I would like to express appreciation to all of my committee members for their guidance
and patience. I would specifically like to thank Dr. Carlos Hernandez for his guidance with
regard to doing research with the Latino/a population. I would like to thank Dr. Marty Heesacker
for his support and encouragement. I would especially like to thank my chair, Dr. Ken Rice, for
his patience, guidance, support, encouragement, and motivation.
I would also like thank my colleagues Dr. Elizabeth Maynard for helping me retain hope,
Dr. Jennifer Sager for helping me gain perspective and offering a shoulder to cry on when things
got rough, and especially Dr. Charles E. Byrd, who was also essential in helping me stay focused
and invaluable in helping me with my statistics and who is one of my dearest friends. My
research assistants Ashley Gonzalez, Aidee Garza, Fatima Morales, and Jesus Batista made this
project possible through their assistance with data collection and data entry. It would have been
impossible for me to have completed this project without the help of Gerardo Duque who
assisted in nearly every capacity from consulting on specifics of the research design and
translations to providing a cultural perspective in interpreting some of the data.
I have been greatly encouraged by my friends; it has helped knowing that people all
across Texas were rooting for and believed in me. There is no way I could have accomplished
this without my partner Ed Crain. He has been my rock and support system, creating
opportunities for me to work on my project as well as acting as a task master at times. His love
has carried me through this project. Finally, I¡¯d like to thank the Monster Beverage Company for
getting me through many long nights and difficult mornings.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
page
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS .............................................................................................................3
LIST OF TABLES ...........................................................................................................................6
LIST OF FIGURES .........................................................................................................................7
ABSTRACT.....................................................................................................................................8
CHAPTER
1
INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................10
2
LITERATURE REVIEW ..................................................................................................19
Changing Workforce and Workplace ................................................................................20
The New Workforce ............................................................................................. 21
The New Workplace ............................................................................................. 27
Trait and Factor Theory .....................................................................................................31
Development of Trait and Factor Theories ........................................................... 31
Holland¡¯s Theory of Type and the Self-Directed Search...................................... 34
NEO PI-R and the Five Factor Theory ................................................................. 38
Contemporary Career Counseling Theories.......................................................... 41
The Effect of Situation, Culture, and Language on Personality ........................................46
Personality as a Mediator of Situational Behavior ............................................... 47
The Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis ................................................................................ 53
Cultural Frame Switching ..................................................................................... 60
Cultural Priming and Saliency ...........................................................................................67
Priming.................................................................................................................. 67
Stereotype Threat .................................................................................................. 69
Cultural Icons ........................................................................................................ 71
Summary and Hypotheses..................................................................................................73
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METHODS ........................................................................................................................75
Overview ............................................................................................................................75
Participants .........................................................................................................................75
Instruments .........................................................................................................................77
Demographic Questionnaire ................................................................................. 77
Self-Directed Search ............................................................................................. 77
NEO PI-R .............................................................................................................. 79
Manipulation Check .............................................................................................. 80
Procedures ..........................................................................................................................80
Recruitment ........................................................................................................... 80
Administration ...................................................................................................... 82
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4
RESULTS ..........................................................................................................................88
Preliminary Analyses .........................................................................................................88
Group Equivalency ............................................................................................... 91
Manipulation Check .............................................................................................. 91
Hypothesis Testing.............................................................................................................93
Hypotheses One and Two ..................................................................................... 93
Hypothesis Three .................................................................................................. 97
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DISCUSSION ..................................................................................................................108
Limitations .......................................................................................................................113
Directions for Further Research .......................................................................................115
Conclusion .......................................................................................................................118
APPENDIX
A
DEMOGRAPHIC QUESTIONNAIRE ...........................................................................119
B
IRB APPLICATIONS AND INFORMED CONSENTS ................................................121
C
SAMPLE REMINDER EMAIL ......................................................................................145
REFERENCE LIST .....................................................................................................................146
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH .......................................................................................................161
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