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IJ Physics Summer Revision of Class 1 content –revision list- practise questions – mark schemes(NB the following may be assessed in the IGSCE in any context: understanding of experimental technique, identification and understanding of the independent, dependent and control variables, ability to take averages and talk about errors (human mistake, a zeroing error on scales, parallax from not reading a dial at eye level etc), units, unit conversionsTopic list: Hooke’s lawdescribe experiments to investigate how extension varies with applied force for helical springs, metal wires and rubber bandsunderstand that the initial linear region of a force-extension graph is associated with Hooke’s lawdescribe elastic behaviour as the ability of a material to recover its original shape after the forces causing deformation have been removedTopic list: Density and Pressureuse the following units: kilogram (kg), kilogram/metre3 (kg/m3), metre (m), metre2 (m2 ), metre3 (m3), newton (N), pascal (Pa)know and use the relationship between density, mass and volume:density = mass / volume ρ = m / Vdescribe experiments to determine density using direct measurements of mass and volumeknow and use the relationship between pressure, force and area:pressure = force / areap = F / Aunderstand that the pressure at a point in a gas or liquid which is at rest acts equally in all directionsknow and use the relationship for pressure difference:pressure difference = height × density × gp = h × ρ × gTopic list: energyuse the following unit: joule (J)describe energy transfers involving the following forms of energy: thermal (heat), light, electrical, sound, kinetic, chemical, nuclear and potential (elastic and gravitational)understand that energy is conservedknow and use the relationship: efficiency = useful energy output / total energy inputdescribe a variety of everyday and scientific devices and situations, explaining the fate of the input energy in terms of the above relationship, including their representation by Sankey diagramsdescribe how energy transfer may take place by conduction, convection and radiationexplain the role of convection in everyday phenomenaexplain how insulation is used to reduce energy transfers from buildings and the human bodyTopic list: electromagnetic spectrumTo understand that light is part of a continuous electromagnetic spectrum which includes radio, microwave, infrared, visible, ultraviolet, x-ray and gamma ray radiationsTo know that electromagnetic waves travel at the same speed in free space, 3 x 108 m/sTo identify the order of the electromagnetic spectrum in terms of decreasing wavelength and increasing frequency, including the colours of the visible spectrumTo explain some of the uses of electromagnetic radiations, including:radio waves: broadcasting and communicationsmicrowaves: cooking and satellite transmissionsinfrared: heaters and night vision equipmentvisible light: optical fibres and photographyultraviolet: fluorescent lampsx-rays: observing the internal structure of objects and materials and medical applicationsgamma rays: sterilising food and medical equipmentTo understand the detrimental effects of excessive exposure of the human body to electromagnetic waves, including:microwaves: internal heating of body tissueinfrared: skin burnsultraviolet: damage to surface cells and blindnessgamma rays: cancer, mutationand describe simple protective measures against the risksTopic list: astronomy and orbitsTo understand gravitational field strength, g, and recall that it is different on other planets and the moon from that on the EarthTo explain that gravitational force:causes moons to orbit planetscauses the planets to orbit the suncauses artificial satellites to orbit the Earthcauses comets to orbit the sunTo be able to identify gravity acting between two objects on a force diagram.describe the differences in the orbits of comets, moons and planetsuse the relationship between orbital speed, orbital radius and time period:orbital speed = 2 x π x orbital radius / time periodv = 2 x π x r / TTo understand “the address of the universe” that is:the universe is a large collection of billions of galaxiesa galaxy is a large collection of billions of starsour solar system is in the Milky Way galaxyTo be able to describe a geostationary and a polar satellite and their ic list: electricity revision checklist (C1 only)To understand and identify the hazards of electricity including frayed cables: long cables, damaged plugs, water around sockets, pushing metal objects into socketsTo understand the uses of insulation, double insulation.To understand why appliances are earthed, and what would happens if electrical appliances were not earthed.To understand how a fuse and circuit breakers works in a range of domestic appliances.To describe the concept of electrical resistance, and the effect of changing resistance on the current in a circuit.To understand that a current in a resistor results in the electrical transfer of energy and an increase in temperature, and how this can be used in a variety of domestic contexts.Energy resources and electricity generationdescribe the energy transfers involved in generating electricity using:windwatergeothermal resourcessolar heating systemssolar cellsfossil fuelsnuclear powerdescribe the advantages and disadvantages of methods of large-scaleelectricity production from various renewable and non-renewableresourcesHooke’s lawDensityDensity and the experimental methodPressureQ1.?A student wants to calculate the pressure he exerts on the floor when he stands on one foot.He records these measurements.(a) ?(i) ?Complete the table by adding the unit for weight.(1)(ii) ?Which piece of equipment should the student use to measure his weight?(1) ............................................................................................................................................. (b) ?Suggest how the student measured the area of the floor in contact with his foot.(3) ............................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................. (c) ?(i) ?State the equation linking pressure, force and area.(1)(ii) ?Calculate the pressure that the student's foot exerts on the floor.(2)pressure = ........................................................... N/cm2? (Total for question = 8 marks)Energy transfersEnergy transfers and energy efficiency & fusesThis question is about an electric kettle.(a) The Sankey diagram represents the energy transfers taking place when the kettleheats some water.What is the efficiency of the kettle?(1)???A ?? 0.1???B ?? 0.9???C ?? 200???D ?? 1800(b) Why does the heating element in the kettle get hot when its electrical supply isswitched on?(2)??????.............................................................................................................................................??????.............................................................................................................................................??????.............................................................................................................................................??????.............................................................................................................................................(c) The power of the heating element in the kettle is 2000 W when it is connected to a230 V mains supply.(i) State the equation linking power, current and voltage.(1)(ii) Show that the current in the heating element is approximately 9 A.(2)Current = ........................................................... A(iii) The plug of the kettle has a fuse.Fuses are available in values of1?A????????3?A????????7?A????????13?AIdentify the fuse that is the most suitable for this kettle, and explain why.(2)??????.............................................................................................................................................??????.............................................................................................................................................??????.............................................................................................................................................??????.............................................................................................................................................(Total for question = 8 marks)Energy loss experimentsQ1. A student uses four containers, A, B, C and D, to investigate heat transfer.The student places boiling water into each of the four containers.She then records how the temperature of the water in each container varies with time.(a)??How could the student make sure that the investigation is a fair test?(2)....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................(b)??(i)??Explain which container loses the most thermal energy by radiation.(2)....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................(ii)??Explain which container loses the most thermal energy by convection.(2)....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................(c)??After 20 minutes, container D has the highest temperature.Explain why container D remains hot for the longest time.Refer to three methods of thermal energy transfer in your answer.(4)...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................?(Total for question = 10 marks)The Electromagnetic spectrum OrbitsAstronomy and orbits & the electromagnetic spectrumElectrical safety-1316572992971.1.Methods of power generation (was missing from the revision list)Q5.Some energy sources are renewable and other energy sources are non-renewable.(a) (i) Explain what is meant by the term non-renewable.(1)??????..............................................................................................................................................(ii) Give an example of a non-renewable energy source.(1)??????..............................................................................................................................................(b) The photograph shows a wind farm that generates electricity for the National Grid. (i) Some people think that wind farms are a good idea.Others disagree.Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of building more wind farms.(6)??????..............................................................................................................................................??????..............................................................................................................................................??????..............................................................................................................................................??????..............................................................................................................................................??????..............................................................................................................................................??????..............................................................................................................................................??????..............................................................................................................................................??????..............................................................................................................................................??????..............................................................................................................................................??????..............................................................................................................................................??????..............................................................................................................................................??????..............................................................................................................................................? (Total for question = 11 marks)Q7.?The table gives information about some ways to generate electrical power.An electricity supply company has enough power stations to cover the normal demand for electricity but not enough for cold conditions.On cold days the demand for electrical power can suddenly increase by 20 000 MW.The company needs to build new power stations to meet this increased demand.Using only information in the table, evaluate which types of power station would be the most suitable to meet this increased demand.(5) ............................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................. ?(Total for question = 5 marks)Mark SchemesHooke’s LawDensityDensity and the experimental methodPressureQ1.Energy transfersEnergy transfers and energy efficiency & fusesEnergy transfer experimentsThe electromagnetic spectrumOrbitsAstronomy and orbits & The Electromagnetic spectrumElectrical safety 1.Methods of power generation (was missing from the revision list)10572754600575Not done yet, b (ii) in the answers is b(i) on the question sheet00Not done yet, b (ii) in the answers is b(i) on the question sheet781050-133350Not done yet, b (ii) in the answers is b(i) on the question sheet00Not done yet, b (ii) in the answers is b(i) on the question sheetQ7.? ................
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