LESSON 2 – PAST PERFECT (LIÇÃO 2 – PASSADO PERFEITO)

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LESSON 2 ? PAST PERFECT

(LI??O 2 ? PASSADO PERFEITO)

Usa-se o Past Perfect para expressar: a) uma a??o que aconteceu antes de outra a-

??o no passado. Ex: When I arrived, she had already left.

(Quando eu cheguei, ela j? havia partido).

Forma Afirmativa: O Past Perfect ? um tempo verbal composto

(possui dois verbos) e ? formado pelo passado simples do verbo auxiliar to have (had) e o partic?pio passado do verbo principal. Observe a conjuga??o de dois verbos no Past Perfect na tabela abaixo:

to work = trabalhar

Conjuga??o

Forma Contra?da

I had worked

I'd worked

You had worked

You'd worked

He had worked

He'd worked

She had worked

She'd worked

It had worked

It'd worked

We had worked

We'd worked

You had worked

You'd worked

They had worked

They'd worked

Conjuga??o I had gone You had gone He had gone She had gone It had gone We had gone You had gone They had gone

to go = ir Forma Contra?da I'd gone You'd gone He'd gone She'd gone It'd gone We'd gone You'd gone They'd gone

Forma Negativa:

Para se formar frases negativas no Past Perfect, basta acrescentar a part?cula de nega??o not depois do verbo auxiliar to have (had). A forma contra?da do verbo to have com a part?cula de nega??o ? poss?vel tamb?m no Past Perfect. Observe a tabela abaixo com a conjuga??o de dois verbos.

to work = trabalhar

Forma Negativa

Forma Contra?da

I had not worked

I hadn't worked

You had not worked

You hadn't worked

He had not worked

He hadn't worked

She had not worked

She hadn't worked

It had not worked

It hasn't worked

We had not worked

We hadn't worked

You had not worked

You hadn't worked

They had not worked They hadn't worked

Forma Negativa I had not gone You had not gone He had not gone She had not gone It had not gone We had not gone You had not gone They had not gone

to go = ir Forma Contra?da

I hadn't gone You hadn't gone He hadn't gone She hadn't gone It hadn't gone We hadn't gone You hadn't gone They hadn't gone

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Forma Interrogativa

Para formar frases interrogativas, deve-se in-

verter a posi??o do pronome (sujeito) com o verbo

auxiliar to have (had) e incluir o ponto de interroga-

??o no final da frase. Observe a conjuga??o de dois

verbos na forma interrogativa na tabela abaixo.

to work = trabalhar

to go = ir

Had I worked ?

Had I gone ?

Had you worked?

Had you gone ?

Had he worked?

Had he gone?

Had she worked?

Had she gone?

Had it worked?

Had it gone?

Had we worked?

Had we gone?

Had you worked?

Had you gone?

Had they worked?

Had they gone?

Short Answers (Respostas Curtas)

to work =

Short

Short Answer

trabalhar

Answer ?

? N?o

Sim

Had I worked ? Yes, I had. No, I hadn't.

Had you worked? Yes, you had. No, you hadn't.

Had he worked? Yes, he had. No, he hadn't.

Had she worked? Yes, she had. No, she hadn't.

Had it worked? Yes, it had. No, it hadn't.

Had we worked? Yes, we had. No, we hadn't.

Had you worked? Yes, you had. No, you hadn't.

Had they worked? Yes, they had. No, they hadn't.

to go = ir

Had I gone ? Had you gone ? Had he gone? Had she gone? Had it gone? Had we gone? Had you gone? Had they gone?

Short Answer ? Sim

Yes, I had. Yes, you had. Yes, he had. Yes, she had. Yes, it had. Yes, we had. Yes, you had. Yes, they had.

Short Answer ? N?o

No, I hadn't. No, you hadn't. No, he hadn't. No, she hadn't. No, it hadn't. No, we hadn't. No, you hadn't. No, they hadn't.

ESTUDO DIRIGIDO

1 Quando ? usado o Past Perfect?

2 Como ? formada a afirmativa do Past Perfect?

3 Como s?o as formas negativa e interrogativa do Past Perfect?

EXERC?CIOS RESOLVIDOS

1 Complete a frase "The incident gave me a better understanding than I ______________ (to have) before" com o verbo (em par?ntese) no Past Perfect e depois marque a alternativa correta: a) had have. b) had has. c) had had. d) had having. Resolu??o: O Past Perfect ? formado por

dois verbos: o passado simples do verbo to have e o partic?pio passado do verbo principal. Assim, a frase deve ser completada com had (passado simples do verbo to have) e had (partic?pio passado do verbo principal to have). Ent?o, a alternativa correta ? a letra c.

2 Marque a alternativa que tenha a forma da frase "Pedro drank a lot" no Past Perfect. a) Pedro has drunk a lot. b) Pedro had drunk a lot. c) Pedro had drank a lot. d) Pedro have drunk a lot. Resolu??o: A frase est? no passado simples

(drank ? o passado simples do verbo to drink). Para transform?-la no Past Perfect, deve-se usar o passado simples do verbo to have (had) e o partic?pio passado do verbo principal to drink (drunk). Ent?o a frase ficaria: "Pedro had drunk a lot". A resposta correta ? a letra b.

EXERC?CIOS

1 Marque a alternativa que completa corretamente a frase "We ___________________ (to study) English" no Past Perfect. a) have study. b) has study. c) had studyed. d) had studied.

2 Marque a alternativa que completa corretamente a frase "Roberto ________________ (to write) another song" no Past Perfect. a) had wrote. b) had written. c) have wrote. d) have written.

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3 Qual ? a altenativa que completa corretamente a frase "The nurses _________________ the front door"? a) hadn't lock. b) not had lock. c) hadn't locked. d) had locked not.

4 Qual ? a alternativa que completa corretamente a frase "__________ they __________ anything before they met me?"? a) Had ? do. b) Had ? done. c) Had ? did. d) Had ? does.

5 Qual ? a forma negativa da frase " It had been a good idea"? a) It not had been a good idea. b) It had not been a good idea. c) It had been not a good idea. d) Not it had been a good idea.

6 Qual ? a forma interrogativa da frase "We had saved water"? a) Have we saved water? b) We had saved water? c) Had we saved water? d) Did we had saved water?

7 Qual ? a forma correta da frase "I looked at my dog" no Past Perfect? a) I has looked at my dog. b) I have looked at my dog. c) I had look at my dog. d) I had looked at my dog.

GABARITO

Estudo dirigido

1 O Past Perfect ? usado para expressar uma a??o que aconteceu antes de outra a??o no passado.

2 O Past Perfect ? formado pelo passado simples do verbo auxiliar to have (had) e o partic?pio passado do verbo principal. Exemplo: They had left before I arrived (Eles haviam sa?do antes de eu chegar).

3 Para se formar frases negativas no Past Perfect, basta acrescentar a part?cula de nega??o not depois do verbo auxiliar to have (had). Exemplo: They had not left before I arrived. (Eles n?o haviam sa?do antes de eu chegar). E para formar frases interrogativas deve-se inverter a posi??o do pronome (sujeito) com o verbo auxiliar to have (had) e incluir o ponto de interroga??o no final da frase. Exemplo: Had they left before I arrived? (Eles haviam sa?do antes de eu chegar?).

Exerc?cios

1 D

2 A

3 C

4 B

5 B

6 C

7 D

8 A

8 Marque a alternativa que complete corretamente a frase "When I go to the office my boss _____". a) had already left b) already had left. c) have already left. d) already have left.

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