Activity 1.1.2 Design Principles and Elements
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Activity 1.1.2 Design Principles and Elements
Introduction
Have you ever noticed how buildings of similar size and shape can have completely different visual effects? Architects, like artists, must understand the elements and principles of design and how they affect the visual impact of the building on a viewer. Whether it is the intent of the architect to create a feeling of strength and stability or to create an unusual form that will elicit a double-take from the public, the elements and principles of design can be used to manipulate the intellectual and emotional reactions of the people who see and use the building.
Equipment
Principles and Elements of Design Applied to Architecture presentation notes
Procedure
In this activity you will identify design elements and principles as they pertain to images of structures.
For each of the following, choose one element of design and one principle of design that you feel is most prominent in the image and then justify your choice.
Word Bank
|Balance |Form |Rhythm |Texture |
|Color |Line |Shape |Unity |
|Emphasis |Proportion/Scale |Space |Value |
|Principle of Design | [pic] |
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|_____Rhythm______________ | |
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|Justification: | |
|The upper arches repeat and the lower arches are even. | |
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|Element of Design | |
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|__Texture__ | |
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|Justification: | |
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|The stone walls are smooth. The protruding forms and arches | |
|have a rough, handmade aesthetic. | |
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|Principle of Design | [pic] |
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|_______Balance____________ | |
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|Justification: | |
|It is vertically symmetrical. | |
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|Element of Design | |
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|_______Line______ | |
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|Justification: | |
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|From a front view, the columns, windows, and walls produce | |
|vertical lines. The dome produces curved line. | |
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|Principle of Design | [pic] |
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|__Proportion and Scale__ | |
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|Justification: | |
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|The clock tower is significantly higher than the brick | |
|building. | |
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|Element of Design | |
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|______Color_______ | |
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|Justification: | |
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|The clock tower is white black trim, while the brick building| |
|has a dark burgundy color with a tan trim. | |
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|Principle of Design | [pic] |
| |City Hall and London Bridge |
|____Movement______ | |
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|Justification: | |
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|Gives the appearance that everything would cascade down the | |
|sloped side. | |
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|Element of Design | |
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|__Form and Shape___ | |
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|Justification: | |
|The base appears to be circular, but the building itself has | |
|no identifiable shape. | |
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| Principle of Design | [pic] |
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|____Emphasis______ | |
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|Justification: | |
|The painting is on a dome, drawing attention to itself and | |
|maintaining interest. | |
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|Element of Design | |
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|___Colors_____ | |
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|Justification: | |
|The mostly cool colors give a sense of calm and unity amongst| |
|those in the painting. | |
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|Principle of Design | [pic] |
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|____Emphasis______ | |
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|Justification: | |
|Majority of the exterior is glass, and here you have this | |
|blue wall for seemingly no purpose. | |
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|Element of Design | |
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|____Value______ | |
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|Justification: | |
|The glass is lighter, paler blue while the wall is a darker | |
|shade. | |
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|Principle of Design | [pic] |
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|_____Unity______ | |
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|Justification: | |
|The driveway/walkway and roofing consist of similar texture | |
|and color. | |
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|Element of Design | |
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|___Color________ | |
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|Justification: | |
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|The driveway and roofing share similar colors. The structure | |
|and surrounding landscape have a warm presence. | |
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|Principle of Design | [pic] |
| |Roman aqueduct |
|_____Rhythm_______ | |
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|Justification: | |
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|The arch construction creates a pattern of arches needed for | |
|long distance travel. | |
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|Element of Design | |
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|____Texture_______ | |
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|Justification: | |
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|The entire structure is constructed of stone, giving it a | |
|slightly rough texture. | |
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|Principle of Design | [pic] |
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|_____Balance/Emphasis_____ | |
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|Justification: | |
|The columns and ceiling have the same aesthetic and | |
|repetition, while the golden wall of paintings draws | |
|attention to itself, but doesn’t seem out of place due to the| |
|light use of yellow in the ceiling. | |
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|Element of Design | |
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|____Space____ | |
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|Justification: | |
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|Having the large space of just walking room helps give off | |
|the large and grand feeling of the golden wall and those on | |
|it. | |
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| Principle of Design | [pic] |
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|____Contrast______ | |
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|Justification: | |
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|The colors of the homes make each look different from the | |
|rest. | |
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|Element of Design | |
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|____Color_______ | |
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|Justification: | |
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|By giving each house a different color with white as a | |
|secondary, each home looks unique while still being uniform. | |
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Conclusion
In what way do certain elements or principles identify the time period in which a structure was created?
Through the many periods of revolution and thought, new artistic visions were created. Great artists, engineers, and architects of each period left their mark on others rising, creating a cultural use of certain elements or principles.
What factors might account for an incorrect identification?
Angle of photo, not having the full picture, having other objects in visual range, camera filters, colors used.
Describe an example of a way that design principles and elements could impact the function of a building.
In Churches, engraved walls and other designs are usually placed behind the pastor, drawing attention to them.
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