The Practice of Statistics



Chapter 4: Displaying and Summarizing Quantitative Data

Key Vocabulary:

|distribution |unimodal |range |

|histogram |bimodal |quartile |

|relative frequency histogram |multimodal |interquartile range (IQR) |

|gap |uniform |percentile |

|stem-and-leaf display |symmetric |5-number summary |

|dotplot |tail |mean |

|shape |skewed |resistant |

|center |outliers |variance |

|spread |median |standard deviation |

|mode | | |

Calculator Skills:

| display a histogram | Display 1-Var Stats | |

1. What is meant by a distribution?

2. Explain the difference between a histogram and a relative frequency histogram.

3. In what ways are histograms similar to stem-and-leaf displays?

4. Name some advantages of stem-and-leaf displays.

5. When is it more appropriate to use a histogram rather than a stem-and-leaf display?

6. Name some advantages of dotplots.

7. When describing a distribution, what three things should you always mention?

8. What should you look for when describing the shape of a distribution (try to find five things)?

9. In general, what is meant by the center of a distribution?

10. In general, what is meant by the spread of a distribution?

11. What is a better way to describe the spread of a distribution?

12. What is meant by the 5-number summary?

13. When is it more appropriate to use the mean as a measure of center rather than the median?

14. What does referring to the median as a resistant measure indicate?

15. When is it more appropriate to use the median as a measure of center rather than the mean?

16. Why is the standard deviation considered a more powerful approach to summarizing the spread?

17. What is the relationship between the variance and the standard deviation?

18. When many data values are far from the center of a distribution, how will this be reflected in the standard deviation and the IQR?

19. What is the danger in summarizing a variable with the mean and the standard deviation?

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