Literature Review - About
New Zealand Adolescents’ Conceptualizations of Wellbeing: A Prototype AnalysisGazal Bharara1, Scott Duncan2, Aaron Jarden3, Erica Hinckson41Human Potential Centre, Auckland University of Technology, 90 Akoranga Drive, Northcote, Auckland, 0627, New Zealand, gazal.bharara@aut.ac.nz2School of Sport and Recreation, Auckland University of Technology, 17 Antares Pl, Rosedale, Auckland, 0632, New Zealand, scott.duncan@aut.ac.nz, Tel:?+ 64 9 921 9999 ext. 76783Centre for Positive Psychology, Melbourne Graduate School of Education, University of Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia, aaron.jarden@unimelb.edu.au4School of Sport and Recreation, Auckland University of Technology, 90 Akoranga Drive, Northcote, Auckland, 0627, New Zealand, erica.hinckson@aut.ac.nzCorresponding Author:Gazal Bharara e-mail: gazal.bharara@aut.ac.nz, gazal.bharara@The paper has not been published elsewhere and it has not been submitted simultaneously for publication elsewhere.Funding: Funding was received from the PhD account of the university for research only not for the publication and/or authorshipDeclarations of interest: NoneWord count: 9610 excluding referencesNew Zealand Adolescents’ Conceptualizations of Wellbeing: A Prototype AnalysisAbstractThis research investigated New Zealand adolescents’ (aged 11 to 13, N = 361) perceptions of wellbeing with three studies. Specifically, we determined the components of wellbeing and aspects that promote wellbeing as per adolescents’ views. We also examined whether these perspectives are aligned with adults’ conceptualizations and popular academic models of wellbeing, whether socioeconomic status impacts how central a component is for adolescents, and whether wellbeing is prototypically organized. Results demonstrate that wellbeing is prototypically organized as central wellbeing components were associated more closely with adolescents’ perception of wellbeing than peripheral components. Contrary to adults’ conceptualizations and popular academic models of wellbeing, adolescents considered enjoyment/having fun, feeling safe, and being kind/helpful as central components of wellbeing and sense of satisfaction as a peripheral component of wellbeing. Socioeconomic status influenced these perceptions of component centrality. Adolescents from low socioeconomic areas consider comfort/being wealthy, being focused, good physical health, good values, and success/achievements as more central for wellbeing than those from high socioeconomic areas. Consistent with the current literature, positive family relationships, positive friendships, and physical activity/sport are the key aspects that promote adolescents’ wellbeing. Overall, researchers and practitioners should consider adolescents’ understanding of wellbeing in designing and application of wellbeing programs.Keywords: adolescents, prototype analysis, wellbeing, well-being, positive educationAdolescence is a critical period characterized by several powerful and rapid physiological, emotional, and psychosocial changes, such as forming an identity and becoming more independent ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>de Jager</Author><Year>1998</Year><RecNum>769</RecNum><DisplayText>(De Jager & Strauss, 1998)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>769</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="d9staw09w25xauet9vjprfaursxvaet0rzd5" timestamp="1537605513">769</key><key app="ENWeb" db-id="">0</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>De Jager, W.</author><author>Strauss, R.</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>The Selection of Young Adolescents for Group Therapy: working towards cohesion </title><secondary-title>Southern African Journal of Child and Adolescent Mental Health</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Southern African Journal of Child and Adolescent Mental Health</full-title></periodical><pages>133-139</pages><volume>10</volume><number>2</number><dates><year>1998</year><pub-dates><date>1998/01/01</date></pub-dates></dates><publisher>Routledge</publisher><isbn>1682-6108</isbn><urls><related-urls><url>;(De Jager & Strauss, 1998). Although most adolescents experience these changes without much “storm and stress” ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Eccles</Author><Year>1993</Year><RecNum>884</RecNum><Suffix>`, p. 90</Suffix><DisplayText>(Eccles et al., 1993, p. 90)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>884</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="d9staw09w25xauet9vjprfaursxvaet0rzd5" timestamp="1537631511">884</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Eccles, J. S.</author><author>Midgley, C.</author><author>Wigfield, A.</author><author>Buchanan, C. M.</author><author>Reuman, D.</author><author>Flanagan, C.</author><author>Iver, D. M.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 48106-1248.</auth-address><titles><title>Development during adolescence. The impact of stage-environment fit on young adolescents' experiences in schools and in families</title><secondary-title>American Psychologist</secondary-title><alt-title>The American psychologist</alt-title></titles><periodical><full-title>American Psychologist</full-title><abbr-1>AmP</abbr-1></periodical><pages>90-101</pages><volume>48</volume><number>2</number><edition>1993/02/01</edition><keywords><keyword>Adolescent</keyword><keyword>Educational Status</keyword><keyword>Family/*psychology</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Internal-External Control</keyword><keyword>*Personality Development</keyword><keyword>*Psychology, Adolescent</keyword><keyword>*Social Environment</keyword></keywords><dates><year>1993</year><pub-dates><date>Feb</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>0003-066X (Print)
0003-066x</isbn><accession-num>8442578</accession-num><urls></urls><remote-database-provider>NLM</remote-database-provider><language>eng</language></record></Cite></EndNote>(Eccles et al., 1993, p. 90), many adolescents are presented with significant challenges related to academics and mental health. Among these challenges are depression, anxiety, school failure, stress, and suicide PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5Ccm9va3M8L0F1dGhvcj48WWVhcj4yMDAyPC9ZZWFyPjxS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ADDIN EN.CITE PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5Ccm9va3M8L0F1dGhvcj48WWVhcj4yMDAyPC9ZZWFyPjxS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ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA (Brooks, Harris, Thrall, & Woods, 2002; De Jong, Sportel, de Hullu, & Nauta, 2012; Kelleher, McInerny, Gardner, Childs, & Wasserman, 2000; Kessler et al., 2005; Swahn & Bossarte, 2007). Globally, it is noted that about 20% of children and adolescents are estimated to develop mental illness or difficulties before the age of 14 ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite ExcludeYear="1"><Author>World Health Organization</Author><RecNum>885</RecNum><Suffix> n.d.</Suffix><DisplayText>(World Health Organization, n.d.)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>885</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="d9staw09w25xauet9vjprfaursxvaet0rzd5" timestamp="1537632611">885</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Web Page">12</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>World Health Organization,</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>10 Facts on mental health</title></titles><volume>2018</volume><number>1 September</number><dates></dates><urls><related-urls><url>who.int/features/factfiles/mental_health/mental_health_facts/en</url></related-urls></urls></record></Cite></EndNote>(World Health Organization, n.d.). Adolescents in New Zealand especially rate high on psychological morbidity and the highest on suicide relative to those in the OECD countries ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development</Author><Year>2009</Year><RecNum>776</RecNum><DisplayText>(Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2009)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>776</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="d9staw09w25xauet9vjprfaursxvaet0rzd5" timestamp="1522714402">776</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Report">27</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development,</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Doing Better for Children, Chapter 2. Comparative child wellbeing across the OECD</title></titles><dates><year>2009</year></dates><urls><related-urls><url>;(Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2009). These facts are disturbing as research has demonstrated that poor mental health in adolescents pose a considerable burden on the community and leads to educational difficulties PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5CdXNjaDwvQXV0aG9yPjxZZWFyPjIwMDc8L1llYXI+PFJl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ADDIN EN.CITE PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5CdXNjaDwvQXV0aG9yPjxZZWFyPjIwMDc8L1llYXI+PFJl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ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA (Busch & Barry, 2007; Zins, Bloodworth, Weissberg, & Walberg, 2007). Given the incidence and consequences of ill-being in adolescence, it becomes imperative to understand what constitutes adolescents’ “wellbeing” and what promotes their wellbeing, a key aspect of complete mental health ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Keyes</Author><Year>2005</Year><RecNum>51</RecNum><DisplayText>(Keyes, 2005)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>51</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="d9staw09w25xauet9vjprfaursxvaet0rzd5" timestamp="1519541959">51</key><key app="ENWeb" db-id="">0</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Keyes, C. L.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Department of Sociology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA. corey.keyes@emory.edu</auth-address><titles><title>Mental illness and/or mental health? Investigating axioms of the complete state model of health</title><secondary-title>Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology</secondary-title></titles><pages>539-48</pages><volume>73</volume><number>3</number><keywords><keyword>Adult</keyword><keyword>Age Distribution</keyword><keyword>Aged</keyword><keyword>Depression/diagnosis/epidemiology/*psychology</keyword><keyword>Female</keyword><keyword>*Happiness</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Male</keyword><keyword>Middle Aged</keyword><keyword>*Psychological Theory</keyword><keyword>Sex Distribution</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2005</year><pub-dates><date>Jun</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>0022-006X (Print)
0022-006X (Linking)</isbn><accession-num>15982151</accession-num><urls><related-urls><url>;(Keyes, 2005). Complete mental health is not only the absence of pathology but also the presence of wellbeing in individuals, which is to some extent depicted by positive affect, positive evaluations of life, and optimal functioning PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5LZXllczwvQXV0aG9yPjxZZWFyPjIwMTM8L1llYXI+PFJl
Y051bT4xNzM8L1JlY051bT48RGlzcGxheVRleHQ+KEtleWVzLCAyMDAyLCAyMDEzKTwvRGlzcGxh
eVRleHQ+PHJlY29yZD48cmVjLW51bWJlcj4xNzM8L3JlYy1udW1iZXI+PGZvcmVpZ24ta2V5cz48
a2V5IGFwcD0iRU4iIGRiLWlkPSJkOXN0YXcwOXcyNXhhdWV0OXZqcHJmYXVyc3h2YWV0MHJ6ZDUi
IHRpbWVzdGFtcD0iMTUxOTYxODM2MiI+MTczPC9rZXk+PC9mb3JlaWduLWtleXM+PHJlZi10eXBl
IG5hbWU9IkJvb2siPjY8L3JlZi10eXBlPjxjb250cmlidXRvcnM+PGF1dGhvcnM+PGF1dGhvcj5L
ZXllcywgQy4gTC48L2F1dGhvcj48L2F1dGhvcnM+PC9jb250cmlidXRvcnM+PHRpdGxlcz48dGl0
bGU+TWVudGFsIHdlbGwtYmVpbmc8L3RpdGxlPjwvdGl0bGVzPjxkYXRlcz48eWVhcj4yMDEzPC95
ZWFyPjwvZGF0ZXM+PHB1Yi1sb2NhdGlvbj5OZXcgWW9yaywgTlk8L3B1Yi1sb2NhdGlvbj48cHVi
bGlzaGVyPlNwcmluZ2VyPC9wdWJsaXNoZXI+PGlzYm4+OTc4OTQwMDc1MTk1ODwvaXNibj48dXJs
cz48L3VybHM+PGVsZWN0cm9uaWMtcmVzb3VyY2UtbnVtPjEwLjEwMDcvOTc4LTk0LTAwNy01MTk1
LTg8L2VsZWN0cm9uaWMtcmVzb3VyY2UtbnVtPjxyZW1vdGUtZGF0YWJhc2UtbmFtZT5Qc3ljSU5G
TzwvcmVtb3RlLWRhdGFiYXNlLW5hbWU+PC9yZWNvcmQ+PC9DaXRlPjxDaXRlPjxBdXRob3I+S2V5
ZXM8L0F1dGhvcj48WWVhcj4yMDAyPC9ZZWFyPjxSZWNOdW0+NzA1PC9SZWNOdW0+PHJlY29yZD48
cmVjLW51bWJlcj43MDU8L3JlYy1udW1iZXI+PGZvcmVpZ24ta2V5cz48a2V5IGFwcD0iRU4iIGRi
LWlkPSJkOXN0YXcwOXcyNXhhdWV0OXZqcHJmYXVyc3h2YWV0MHJ6ZDUiIHRpbWVzdGFtcD0iMTUy
MjY0Mzk0NiI+NzA1PC9rZXk+PC9mb3JlaWduLWtleXM+PHJlZi10eXBlIG5hbWU9IkpvdXJuYWwg
QXJ0aWNsZSI+MTc8L3JlZi10eXBlPjxjb250cmlidXRvcnM+PGF1dGhvcnM+PGF1dGhvcj5LZXll
cywgQy4gTC48L2F1dGhvcj48L2F1dGhvcnM+PC9jb250cmlidXRvcnM+PGF1dGgtYWRkcmVzcz5E
ZXBhcnRtZW50IG9mIFNvY2lvbG9neSwgRW1vcnkgVW5pdmVyc2l0eSwgUm9vbSAyMjUsIFRhcmJ1
dHRvbiBIYWxsLCAxNTU1IFBpZXJjZSBEcml2ZSwgQXRsYW50YSwgR0EgMzAzMjIsIFVTQS4gY2tl
eWVzQGVtb3J5LmVkdTwvYXV0aC1hZGRyZXNzPjx0aXRsZXM+PHRpdGxlPlRoZSBtZW50YWwgaGVh
bHRoIGNvbnRpbnV1bTogZnJvbSBsYW5ndWlzaGluZyB0byBmbG91cmlzaGluZyBpbiBsaWZlPC90
aXRsZT48c2Vjb25kYXJ5LXRpdGxlPkogSGVhbHRoIFNvYyBCZWhhdjwvc2Vjb25kYXJ5LXRpdGxl
PjxhbHQtdGl0bGU+Sm91cm5hbCBvZiBoZWFsdGggYW5kIHNvY2lhbCBiZWhhdmlvcjwvYWx0LXRp
dGxlPjwvdGl0bGVzPjxwYWdlcz4yMDctMjI8L3BhZ2VzPjx2b2x1bWU+NDM8L3ZvbHVtZT48bnVt
YmVyPjI8L251bWJlcj48ZWRpdGlvbj4yMDAyLzA3LzA1PC9lZGl0aW9uPjxrZXl3b3Jkcz48a2V5
d29yZD5BY3Rpdml0aWVzIG9mIERhaWx5IExpdmluZzwva2V5d29yZD48a2V5d29yZD5BdHRpdHVk
ZTwva2V5d29yZD48a2V5d29yZD5EZW1vZ3JhcGh5PC9rZXl3b3JkPjxrZXl3b3JkPkVkdWNhdGlv
bmFsIFN0YXR1czwva2V5d29yZD48a2V5d29yZD5GZW1hbGU8L2tleXdvcmQ+PGtleXdvcmQ+SHVt
YW5zPC9rZXl3b3JkPjxrZXl3b3JkPk1hbGU8L2tleXdvcmQ+PGtleXdvcmQ+TWVudGFsIERpc29y
ZGVycy8qZXRpb2xvZ3kvcHJldmVudGlvbiAmYW1wOyBjb250cm9sPC9rZXl3b3JkPjxrZXl3b3Jk
PipNZW50YWwgSGVhbHRoPC9rZXl3b3JkPjxrZXl3b3JkPipNb2RlbHMsIFBzeWNob2xvZ2ljYWw8
L2tleXdvcmQ+PGtleXdvcmQ+U2V4IEZhY3RvcnM8L2tleXdvcmQ+PC9rZXl3b3Jkcz48ZGF0ZXM+
PHllYXI+MjAwMjwveWVhcj48cHViLWRhdGVzPjxkYXRlPkp1bjwvZGF0ZT48L3B1Yi1kYXRlcz48
L2RhdGVzPjxpc2JuPjAwMjItMTQ2NSAoUHJpbnQpJiN4RDswMDIyLTE0NjU8L2lzYm4+PGFjY2Vz
c2lvbi1udW0+MTIwOTY3MDA8L2FjY2Vzc2lvbi1udW0+PHVybHM+PC91cmxzPjxyZW1vdGUtZGF0
YWJhc2UtcHJvdmlkZXI+TkxNPC9yZW1vdGUtZGF0YWJhc2UtcHJvdmlkZXI+PGxhbmd1YWdlPmVu
ZzwvbGFuZ3VhZ2U+PC9yZWNvcmQ+PC9DaXRlPjwvRW5kTm90ZT5=
ADDIN EN.CITE PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5LZXllczwvQXV0aG9yPjxZZWFyPjIwMTM8L1llYXI+PFJl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ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA (Keyes, 2002, 2013). A growing body of research has established the importance of studying and promoting wellbeing in adolescents. Besides preventing depression ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Seligman</Author><Year>2009</Year><RecNum>779</RecNum><DisplayText>(Seligman, Ernst, Gillham, Reivich, & Linkins, 2009)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>779</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="d9staw09w25xauet9vjprfaursxvaet0rzd5" timestamp="1523180099">779</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Seligman, Martin</author><author>Ernst, Randal</author><author>Gillham, Jane</author><author>Reivich, Karen</author><author>Linkins, Mark</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Positive Education: Positive Psychology and Classroom Interventions</title><secondary-title>Oxford Review of Education</secondary-title></titles><pages>293-311</pages><volume>35</volume><number>3</number><dates><year>2009</year></dates><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1080/03054980902934563</electronic-resource-num></record></Cite></EndNote>(Seligman, Ernst, Gillham, Reivich, & Linkins, 2009), research shows that wellbeing is negatively correlated with undesirable school outcomes such as academic stress PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5aaG9uZzwvQXV0aG9yPjxZZWFyPjIwMDk8L1llYXI+PFJl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ADDIN EN.CITE PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5aaG9uZzwvQXV0aG9yPjxZZWFyPjIwMDk8L1llYXI+PFJl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ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA (Resnick, 2000; Shaheen, Jahan, & Shaheen, 2014; Zhong, 2009) and positively correlated with favorable academic and behavioral outcomes such as academic achievement, better learning, improved relationships, greater satisfaction, and engagement PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5EaXg8L0F1dGhvcj48WWVhcj4yMDEyPC9ZZWFyPjxSZWNO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ADDIN EN.CITE PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5EaXg8L0F1dGhvcj48WWVhcj4yMDEyPC9ZZWFyPjxSZWNO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ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA (Dix, Slee, Lawson, & Keeves, 2012; Lyons, Huebner, & Hills, 2013; O’Connor, Sanson, Toumbourou, Norrish, & Olsson, 2016; Seligman et al., 2009; Suldo, Thalji, & Ferron, 2011; Suldo & Shaffer, 2008; Waters, 2014). Together these findings have partly led to a movement of positive education which asserts that wellbeing should be taught in schools along with academic education as a means to counteract adolescent psychopathology and foster learning and fulfilment PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5JbnRlcm5hdGlvbmFsIFBvc2l0aXZlIEVkdWNhdGlvbiBO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ADDIN EN.CITE PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5JbnRlcm5hdGlvbmFsIFBvc2l0aXZlIEVkdWNhdGlvbiBO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ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA (Green, Oades, & Robinson, 2011; International Positive Education Network, 2017; Norrish, 2015; Norrish, Williams, O’Connor, & Robinson, 2013; Seligman et al., 2009). However, any such effort requires consensus over the components or pathways regarding wellbeing, and a match between the perceptions of those who develop (scholars) versus receive these interventions (students) PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5Ib25lPC9BdXRob3I+PFllYXI+MjAxNTwvWWVhcj48UmVj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ADDIN EN.CITE PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5Ib25lPC9BdXRob3I+PFllYXI+MjAxNTwvWWVhcj48UmVj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ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA (Cook, Kilgus, & Burns, 2018; Hone, Schofield, & Jarden, 2015; Horner, Blitz, & Ross, 2014), which is, as yet, lacking in the current research. While experts have devised several theoretical, conceptual, and promotional models of wellbeing PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5TZWxpZ21hbjwvQXV0aG9yPjxZZWFyPjIwMTE8L1llYXI+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 EN.CITE PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5TZWxpZ21hbjwvQXV0aG9yPjxZZWFyPjIwMTE8L1llYXI+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 EN.CITE.DATA (For example, Diener et al., 2010; Durie, 1985; Huppert & So, 2013; Keyes, 2002, 2005; Renshaw et al., 2014; Ryan & Deci, 2001; Ryff, 1989; Ryff & Keyes, 1995; Seligman, 2011; Suldo & Shaffer, 2008), much of this knowledge lacks precision for either overlooking or discounting adolescents’ participation in describing their wellbeing PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5DYXNhczwvQXV0aG9yPjxZZWFyPjIwMTE8L1llYXI+PFJl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ADDIN EN.CITE PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5DYXNhczwvQXV0aG9yPjxZZWFyPjIwMTE8L1llYXI+PFJl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ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA (Anderson & Graham, 2016; Blaskova & McLellan, 2017; Casas, 2011; Sarriera & Bedin, 2017). Although it is commendable that adults’ conceptualizations of wellbeing have been examined ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Hone</Author><Year>2015</Year><RecNum>70</RecNum><Prefix>e.g.`, work-life balance`, </Prefix><DisplayText>(e.g., work-life balance, Hone et al., 2015)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>70</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="d9staw09w25xauet9vjprfaursxvaet0rzd5" timestamp="1519542491">70</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Hone, L. C.</author><author>Schofield, G.</author><author>Jarden, A.</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Conceptualizations of Wellbeing: Insights from a Prototype Analysis on New Zealand Workers</title><secondary-title>New Zealand Journal of Human Resource Management</secondary-title></titles><pages>97-118</pages><volume>15</volume><number>2</number><dates><year>2015</year></dates><urls><related-urls><url>;(e.g., work-life balance, Hone et al., 2015), limited research has examined adolescents’ conceptualizations of wellbeing. In view of this background, the primary purpose of this study was to investigate 11 to 13-year-old New Zealand adolescents’ perceptions of the components of wellbeing and pathways to wellbeing. Understanding adolescents’ perspectives may be an essential aspect to enhance the precision of the concept of wellbeing and the overall acceptability, and perhaps effectiveness, of wellbeing focused interventions.?Literature ReviewResearch on Conceptualizations and Definitions of WellbeingThe concept of wellbeing is elusive as presently there is no global or agreed upon definition ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Diener</Author><Year>2004</Year><RecNum>890</RecNum><DisplayText>(Baker, Green, & Falecki, 2017; Diener & Seligman, 2004)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>890</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="d9staw09w25xauet9vjprfaursxvaet0rzd5" timestamp="1537678548">890</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Diener, Ed</author><author>Seligman, Martin</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Beyond Money:Toward an Economy of Well-Being</title><secondary-title>Psychological Science in the Public Interest</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Psychological Science in the Public Interest</full-title></periodical><pages>1-31</pages><volume>5</volume><number>1</number><dates><year>2004</year></dates><accession-num>26158992</accession-num><urls><related-urls><url> app="EN" db-id="d9staw09w25xauet9vjprfaursxvaet0rzd5" timestamp="1519542491">71</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Baker, L.</author><author>Green, S</author><author>Falecki, D.</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Positive early childhood education: Expanding the reach of positive psychology into early childhood</title><secondary-title>European Journal of Applied Positive Psychology</secondary-title></titles><pages>1-12</pages><volume>1</volume><dates><year>2017</year></dates><isbn>2397-7116</isbn><urls><related-urls><url>;(Baker, Green, & Falecki, 2017; Diener & Seligman, 2004). Several definitions of wellbeing exist in the academic literature PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5EaWVuZXI8L0F1dGhvcj48WWVhcj4yMDA5PC9ZZWFyPjxS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ADDIN EN.CITE PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5EaWVuZXI8L0F1dGhvcj48WWVhcj4yMDA5PC9ZZWFyPjxS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ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA (Diener, 2009; Diener, Scollon, & Lucas, 2003; Hone, Jarden, Schofield, & Duncan, 2014; Huppert & So, 2013; Westerhof & Keyes, 2010) that differ, in part, due to the variations in researchers’ philosophical tradition. ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite AuthorYear="1"><Author>Norrish</Author><Year>2013</Year><RecNum>85</RecNum><DisplayText>Norrish et al. (2013)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>85</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="d9staw09w25xauet9vjprfaursxvaet0rzd5" timestamp="1519542491">85</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Norrish, J. M.</author><author>Williams, P.</author><author>O’Connor, M.</author><author>Robinson</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>An applied framework for positive education</title><secondary-title>International Journal of Wellbeing</secondary-title></titles><pages>147-161</pages><volume>3</volume><number>2</number><dates><year>2013</year></dates><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.5502/ijw.v3i2.2 </electronic-resource-num></record></Cite></EndNote>Norrish et al. (2013) stated that explanations of wellbeing can be characterized as having components of a hedonic approach (affective aspects or feeling good), a eudaimonic approach (psychological aspects or functioning well), or more recently a holistic and social approach (comprising components of both hedonic and eudaimonic tradition i.e. feeling good, functioning well, and social wellbeing). Informed by these approaches, several models have been proposed that denote distinct conceptualizations of wellbeing PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5LZXllczwvQXV0aG9yPjxZZWFyPjIwMDU8L1llYXI+PFJl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ADDIN EN.CITE PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5LZXllczwvQXV0aG9yPjxZZWFyPjIwMDU8L1llYXI+PFJl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ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA (Diener et al., 2010; Hone et al., 2014; Huppert & So, 2013; Keyes, 2005; Seligman, 2011). For example, some components listed in ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite AuthorYear="1"><Author>Keyes</Author><Year>2005</Year><RecNum>105</RecNum><DisplayText>Keyes (2005)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>105</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="d9staw09w25xauet9vjprfaursxvaet0rzd5" timestamp="1519542492">105</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Keyes, C. L.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Department of Sociology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA. corey.keyes@emory.edu</auth-address><titles><title>Mental illness and/or mental health? Investigating axioms of the complete state model of health</title><secondary-title>Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology</secondary-title></titles><pages>539-48</pages><volume>73</volume><number>3</number><keywords><keyword>Adult</keyword><keyword>Age Distribution</keyword><keyword>Aged</keyword><keyword>Depression/diagnosis/epidemiology/*psychology</keyword><keyword>Female</keyword><keyword>*Happiness</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Male</keyword><keyword>Middle Aged</keyword><keyword>*Psychological Theory</keyword><keyword>Sex Distribution</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2005</year><pub-dates><date>Jun</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>0022-006X (Print)
0022-006X (Linking)</isbn><accession-num>15982151</accession-num><urls><related-urls><url> (2005) model, such as social growth, positive affect, and personal growth, are not mentioned in Diener and colleagues’ ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite ExcludeAuth="1"><Author>Diener</Author><Year>2010</Year><RecNum>99</RecNum><DisplayText>(2010)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>99</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="d9staw09w25xauet9vjprfaursxvaet0rzd5" timestamp="1519542492">99</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Diener, E.</author><author>Wirtz, D.</author><author>Tov, W.</author><author>Kim-Prieto, C.</author><author>Choi, D. W.</author><author>Oishi, S.</author><author>Biswas-Diener, R.</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>New Well-being Measures: Short Scales to Assess Flourishing and Positive and Negative Feelings</title><secondary-title>Social Indicators Research</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Social Indicators Research</full-title><abbr-1>Soc. Indic. Res.</abbr-1><abbr-2>Soc Indic Res</abbr-2></periodical><pages>143-156</pages><volume>97</volume><number>2</number><dates><year>2010</year></dates><isbn>1387-6570</isbn><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1007/978-90-481-2354-4</electronic-resource-num></record></Cite></EndNote>(2010) model. Similarly, ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite AuthorYear="1"><Author>Seligman</Author><Year>2011</Year><RecNum>118</RecNum><DisplayText>Seligman (2011)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>118</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="d9staw09w25xauet9vjprfaursxvaet0rzd5" timestamp="1519563858">118</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Electronic Book">44</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Seligman, Martin E.</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Flourish: A visionary new understanding of happiness and well-being</title></titles><keywords><keyword>flourish, happiness, well-being, positive psychology, positive emotion, engagement, relationships, meaning, accomplishment</keyword><keyword>*Happiness</keyword><keyword>*Optimism</keyword><keyword>*Positive Psychology</keyword><keyword>*Well Being</keyword><keyword>Emotional States</keyword><keyword>Meaningfulness</keyword><keyword>Interpersonal Relationships</keyword><keyword>Personality Traits & Processes [3120]</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2011</year></dates><pub-location>New York, USA</pub-location><publisher>Free Press</publisher><isbn>978-1-4391-9077-7</isbn><accession-num>2010-25554-000</accession-num><urls></urls></record></Cite></EndNote>Seligman (2011), identified five components of wellbeing in his PERMA model (positive emotion, engagement, relationships, meaning and purpose, and accomplishment), whereas ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite AuthorYear="1"><Author>Huppert</Author><Year>2013</Year><RecNum>44</RecNum><DisplayText>Huppert and So (2013)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>44</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="d9staw09w25xauet9vjprfaursxvaet0rzd5" timestamp="1519541931">44</key><key app="ENWeb" db-id="">0</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Huppert, F. A.</author><author>So, T. T.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Well-Being Institute & Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Box 189, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, CB2 2QQ UK.</auth-address><titles><title>Flourishing Across Europe: Application of a New Conceptual Framework for Defining Well-Being</title><secondary-title>Social Indicators Research</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Social Indicators Research</full-title><abbr-1>Soc. Indic. Res.</abbr-1><abbr-2>Soc Indic Res</abbr-2></periodical><pages>837-861</pages><volume>110</volume><number>3</number><dates><year>2013</year><pub-dates><date>Feb</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>0303-8300 (Print)
0303-8300 (Linking)</isbn><accession-num>23329863</accession-num><urls><related-urls><url> and So (2013) extended the PERMA model to include ten components of wellbeing (such as components similar to PERMA being positive relationships and positive emotions, and components different such as self-esteem, emotional stability). The model of 12 positive psychology building blocks for adolescents, on the other hand, is composed of four core components of belief-in-self, belief-in-others, emotional competence, and engaged living ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Renshaw</Author><Year>2014</Year><RecNum>892</RecNum><DisplayText>(Renshaw et al., 2014)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>892</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="d9staw09w25xauet9vjprfaursxvaet0rzd5" timestamp="1537696929">892</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Book Section">5</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Renshaw, Tyler L.</author><author>Furlong, Michael J.</author><author>Dowdy, Erin</author><author>Rebelez, Jennica</author><author>Smith, Douglas C.</author><author>O'Malley, Meagan D.</author><author>Lee, Seung-Yeon</author><author>Str?m, Ida Frug?rd</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Covitality: A synergistic conception of adolescents' mental health</title><secondary-title>Handbook of positive psychology in schools, 2nd ed.</secondary-title><tertiary-title>Educational psychology handbook series.</tertiary-title></titles><pages>12-32</pages><keywords><keyword>*Adolescent Development</keyword><keyword>*Mental Health</keyword><keyword>*Personality Measures</keyword><keyword>*Personality Traits</keyword><keyword>Positivism</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2014</year></dates><pub-location>New York, NY, US</pub-location><publisher>Routledge/Taylor & Francis Group</publisher><urls></urls></record></Cite></EndNote>(Renshaw et al., 2014). Compounding such academic disagreements, making a choice among wellbeing models is a dilemma for educators and psychologists. To define wellbeing with greater accuracy, there have been a few empirical attempts at examining lay conceptions of wellbeing PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5BbmRlcnNvbjwvQXV0aG9yPjxZZWFyPjIwMTY8L1llYXI+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ADDIN EN.CITE PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5BbmRlcnNvbjwvQXV0aG9yPjxZZWFyPjIwMTY8L1llYXI+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ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA (Anderson & Graham, 2016; Hone et al., 2015; Soutter, O’Steen, & Gilmore, 2012).A majority of research on the lay conceptualizations of wellbeing have either been conducted on affluent Caucasian adult samples or utilized a narrow methodology. ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite AuthorYear="1"><Author>Hone</Author><Year>2015</Year><RecNum>70</RecNum><DisplayText>Hone et al. (2015)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>70</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="d9staw09w25xauet9vjprfaursxvaet0rzd5" timestamp="1519542491">70</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Hone, L. C.</author><author>Schofield, G.</author><author>Jarden, A.</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Conceptualizations of Wellbeing: Insights from a Prototype Analysis on New Zealand Workers</title><secondary-title>New Zealand Journal of Human Resource Management</secondary-title></titles><pages>97-118</pages><volume>15</volume><number>2</number><dates><year>2015</year></dates><urls><related-urls><url> et al. (2015) demonstrated that New Zealand adults conceptualize wellbeing as good mental health, physical health, good relationships, work-life balance, and feeling valued. While the methodology of this study was systematic, the sample was predominantly European. Similarly, ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite AuthorYear="1"><Author>Soutter</Author><Year>2012</Year><RecNum>90</RecNum><DisplayText>Soutter et al. (2012)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>90</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="d9staw09w25xauet9vjprfaursxvaet0rzd5" timestamp="1519542491">90</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Soutter, A. K. </author><author>O’Steen, B. </author><author>Gilmore, A.</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Students’ and teachers’ perspectives on wellbeing in a senior secondary environment</title><secondary-title>Journal of Student Wellbeing</secondary-title></titles><pages>34-67</pages><volume>5</volume><number>2</number><dates><year>2012</year></dates><urls><related-urls><url> et al. (2012) found evidence that having resources, being independent, relating well with teachers, functioning effectively in assessment-related activities, and striving towards scoring credits were most important for 17 to 21-year-olds understandings of wellbeing. However, they utilized purely qualitative strategies under the umbrella framework of their own Student Wellbeing Model. In another study, ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite AuthorYear="1"><Author>Anderson</Author><Year>2016</Year><RecNum>94</RecNum><DisplayText>Anderson and Graham (2016)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>94</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="d9staw09w25xauet9vjprfaursxvaet0rzd5" timestamp="1519542492">94</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Anderson, Donnah L.</author><author>Graham, Anne P.</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Improving student wellbeing: having a say at school</title><secondary-title>School Effectiveness and School Improvement</secondary-title></titles><pages>348-366</pages><volume>27</volume><number>3</number><dates><year>2016</year></dates><isbn>0924-3453
1744-5124</isbn><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1080/09243453.2015.1084336</electronic-resource-num></record></Cite></EndNote>Anderson and Graham (2016) examined wellbeing perceptions of children and adolescents (aged 6 to 18) by asking participants to rank two pre-defined concepts of wellbeing. Although the authors found support for ‘recognition’ and ‘participation’ as important components, their study was limited by their chosen methodology as the survey format restricted choice between two academic concepts of wellbeing and a free-response format was not employed to capture adolescents’ views. In sum, researchers have not studied school-going adolescents’ perceptions of wellbeing utilizing a person centric approach allowing free responses. In the next section, research on pathways to wellbeing is discussed. Pathways to WellbeingLess attention has been paid to enhancing adolescents’ wellbeing in schools ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>INTERNATIONAL POSITIVE EDUCATION NETWORK</Author><Year>2017</Year><RecNum>780</RecNum><DisplayText>(International Positive Education Network, 2017; Norrish, 2015)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>780</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="d9staw09w25xauet9vjprfaursxvaet0rzd5" timestamp="1523181181">780</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Government Document">46</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>International Positive Education Network,</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>The state of positive education</title></titles><pages>1-61</pages><dates><year>2017</year></dates><publisher>World Government Summit and the International Positive Education Network</publisher><urls><related-urls><url> app="EN" db-id="d9staw09w25xauet9vjprfaursxvaet0rzd5" timestamp="1519562763">114</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Book">6</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Norrish, Jacolyn</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Positive education: The Geelong Grammar School journey</title></titles><keywords><keyword>positive education, Geelong Grammar School, positive psychology, teaching approaches, educational practitioners</keyword><keyword>*Elementary Education</keyword><keyword>*Positive Psychology</keyword><keyword>*Teaching Methods</keyword><keyword>Educational Personnel</keyword><keyword>Well Being</keyword><keyword>Curriculum & Programs & Teaching Methods [3530]</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2015</year></dates><pub-location>New York, USA</pub-location><publisher>Oxford University Press</publisher><isbn>9780198702580</isbn><urls><related-urls><url>;(International Positive Education Network, 2017; Norrish, 2015), or obtaining adolescents’ views about ways to enhance wellbeing. In the context of wellbeing promotion, some programs have been developed specifically for adolescents that contain many components to build wellbeing. One example of such a program is the Geelong Grammar School’s Positive Education model that is designed to promote positive purpose, positive relationships, positive emotion, positive health, positive engagement, and positive accomplishment ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Norrish</Author><Year>2015</Year><RecNum>114</RecNum><DisplayText>(Norrish, 2015)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>114</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="d9staw09w25xauet9vjprfaursxvaet0rzd5" timestamp="1519562763">114</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Book">6</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Norrish, Jacolyn</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Positive education: The Geelong Grammar School journey</title></titles><keywords><keyword>positive education, Geelong Grammar School, positive psychology, teaching approaches, educational practitioners</keyword><keyword>*Elementary Education</keyword><keyword>*Positive Psychology</keyword><keyword>*Teaching Methods</keyword><keyword>Educational Personnel</keyword><keyword>Well Being</keyword><keyword>Curriculum & Programs & Teaching Methods [3530]</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2015</year></dates><pub-location>New York, USA</pub-location><publisher>Oxford University Press</publisher><isbn>9780198702580</isbn><urls><related-urls><url>;(Norrish, 2015). While ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite AuthorYear="1"><Author>Seligman</Author><Year>2009</Year><RecNum>779</RecNum><DisplayText>Seligman et al. (2009)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>779</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="d9staw09w25xauet9vjprfaursxvaet0rzd5" timestamp="1523180099">779</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Seligman, Martin</author><author>Ernst, Randal</author><author>Gillham, Jane</author><author>Reivich, Karen</author><author>Linkins, Mark</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Positive Education: Positive Psychology and Classroom Interventions</title><secondary-title>Oxford Review of Education</secondary-title></titles><pages>293-311</pages><volume>35</volume><number>3</number><dates><year>2009</year></dates><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1080/03054980902934563</electronic-resource-num></record></Cite></EndNote>Seligman et al. (2009) have developed the Strath Haven Positive Psychology Curriculum to strengthen relationships, meaning, positive emotions, and character strengths, a multi-component Wellbeing Promotion Program focusses upon building hope, strengths, gratitude, optimism, and kindness in schools ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Suldo</Author><Year>2014</Year><RecNum>891</RecNum><DisplayText>(Suldo, Savage, & Mercer, 2014)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>891</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="d9staw09w25xauet9vjprfaursxvaet0rzd5" timestamp="1537688606">891</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Suldo, S.M.</author><author>Savage, J.A.</author><author>Mercer, S.H.</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Increasing Middle School Students’ Life Satisfaction: Efficacy of a Positive Psychology Group Intervention</title><secondary-title>Journal of Happiness Studies</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Journal of Happiness Studies</full-title></periodical><pages>19-42</pages><volume>15</volume><number>1</number><dates><year>2014</year></dates><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1007/s10902-013-9414-2</electronic-resource-num></record></Cite></EndNote>(Suldo, Savage, & Mercer, 2014). Further information regarding the ways of improving wellbeing come from government frameworks. For example, ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite AuthorYear="1"><Author>Aked</Author><Year>2008</Year><RecNum>781</RecNum><DisplayText>Aked, Marks, Cordon, and Thompson (2008)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>781</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="d9staw09w25xauet9vjprfaursxvaet0rzd5" timestamp="1523232529">781</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Government Document">46</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Aked, J.</author><author>Marks, N.</author><author>Cordon, C.</author><author>Thompson, S.</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Five ways to well-being </title></titles><dates><year>2008</year></dates><publisher>nef (new economics foundation)</publisher><urls><related-urls><url>, Marks, Cordon, and Thompson (2008) discussed five communal ways to enhance wellbeing: taking notice, being active, connecting with others, learning, and giving. In terms of lay conceptualizations of pathways to wellbeing, New Zealand adults perceive physical activity, nurturing relationships, interests/hobbies, and eating healthily as central components of wellbeing ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Hone</Author><Year>2015</Year><RecNum>70</RecNum><DisplayText>(Hone et al., 2015)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>70</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="d9staw09w25xauet9vjprfaursxvaet0rzd5" timestamp="1519542491">70</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Hone, L. C.</author><author>Schofield, G.</author><author>Jarden, A.</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Conceptualizations of Wellbeing: Insights from a Prototype Analysis on New Zealand Workers</title><secondary-title>New Zealand Journal of Human Resource Management</secondary-title></titles><pages>97-118</pages><volume>15</volume><number>2</number><dates><year>2015</year></dates><urls><related-urls><url>;(Hone et al., 2015). However, an examination of adolescents’ perceptions of ways to improve wellbeing, which could have meaningful theoretical and practical advantages, is warranted. Importance of Adolescents’ Wellbeing PerceptionsThere are numerous ways in which lay understanding of wellbeing can inform theory and application of wellbeing in schools. Adolescents’ perceptions of the central components of wellbeing may possibly guide current wellbeing research/models, and potentially free the scholars from the confusion that currently exists in the wellbeing literature. Consequently, this advancement may enhance the precision with which wellbeing is assessed which has remained haphazard due to the lack of consensus in wellbeing components ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Hone</Author><Year>2015</Year><RecNum>70</RecNum><DisplayText>(Hone et al., 2015)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>70</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="d9staw09w25xauet9vjprfaursxvaet0rzd5" timestamp="1519542491">70</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Hone, L. C.</author><author>Schofield, G.</author><author>Jarden, A.</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Conceptualizations of Wellbeing: Insights from a Prototype Analysis on New Zealand Workers</title><secondary-title>New Zealand Journal of Human Resource Management</secondary-title></titles><pages>97-118</pages><volume>15</volume><number>2</number><dates><year>2015</year></dates><urls><related-urls><url>;(Hone et al., 2015). For example, experts typically utilize self-report instruments to assess wellbeing, and it is likely that adolescents’ responses to the questions correspond to their conceptualization of wellbeing. With regards to the application of wellbeing, adolescents’ conceptualizations could be an essential aspect to increase the social validity and/or success of school interventions considering the “contextual fit” and “precision education” propositions PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5Ib3JuZXI8L0F1dGhvcj48WWVhcj4yMDE0PC9ZZWFyPjxS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ADDIN EN.CITE PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5Ib3JuZXI8L0F1dGhvcj48WWVhcj4yMDE0PC9ZZWFyPjxS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ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA (Cook et al., 2018; Horner et al., 2014; Marchant, Heath, & Miramontes, 2012). ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite AuthorYear="1"><Author>Horner</Author><Year>2014</Year><RecNum>893</RecNum><DisplayText>Horner et al. (2014)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>893</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="d9staw09w25xauet9vjprfaursxvaet0rzd5" timestamp="1537698447">893</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Government Document">46</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Horner, R.</author><author>Blitz, C.</author><author>Ross, S.W.</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>The importance of contextual fit when implementing evidence-based interventions</title></titles><dates><year>2014</year></dates><pub-location>Washington, DC</pub-location><publisher>Office of the Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation Office of Human
Services Policy</publisher><urls></urls></record></Cite></EndNote>Horner et al. (2014) defined contextual fit as the match between the components of an intervention and the needs and perceptions of those who experience the intervention. This premise contends that the quality of intervention is affected by how well these are valued, accepted, and even embraced by individuals in a certain setting, which is usually an outcome of an agreement in the perceptions of the implementers and those receiving the intervention ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Horner</Author><Year>2014</Year><RecNum>893</RecNum><DisplayText>(Horner et al., 2014; Marchant et al., 2012)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>893</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="d9staw09w25xauet9vjprfaursxvaet0rzd5" timestamp="1537698447">893</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Government Document">46</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Horner, R.</author><author>Blitz, C.</author><author>Ross, S.W.</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>The importance of contextual fit when implementing evidence-based interventions</title></titles><dates><year>2014</year></dates><pub-location>Washington, DC</pub-location><publisher>Office of the Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation Office of Human
Services Policy</publisher><urls></urls></record></Cite><Cite><Author>Marchant</Author><Year>2012</Year><RecNum>883</RecNum><record><rec-number>883</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="d9staw09w25xauet9vjprfaursxvaet0rzd5" timestamp="1537623314">883</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Marchant, Michelle</author><author>Heath, Melissa Allen</author><author>Miramontes, Nancy Y.</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Merging Empiricism and Humanism: Role of Social Validity in the School-Wide Positive Behavior Support Model</title><secondary-title>Journal of Positive Behavior Interventions</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Journal of Positive Behavior Interventions</full-title></periodical><pages>221-230</pages><volume>15</volume><number>4</number><dates><year>2012</year><pub-dates><date>2013/10/01</date></pub-dates></dates><publisher>SAGE Publications</publisher><isbn>1098-3007</isbn><urls><related-urls><url>;(Horner et al., 2014; Marchant et al., 2012). To elaborate, the key components of the wellbeing interventions should be precise and tailored to students’ needs and perceptions ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Horner</Author><Year>2014</Year><RecNum>893</RecNum><DisplayText>(Cook et al., 2018; Horner et al., 2014)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>893</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="d9staw09w25xauet9vjprfaursxvaet0rzd5" timestamp="1537698447">893</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Government Document">46</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Horner, R.</author><author>Blitz, C.</author><author>Ross, S.W.</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>The importance of contextual fit when implementing evidence-based interventions</title></titles><dates><year>2014</year></dates><pub-location>Washington, DC</pub-location><publisher>Office of the Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation Office of Human
Services Policy</publisher><urls></urls></record></Cite><Cite><Author>Cook</Author><Year>2018</Year><RecNum>97</RecNum><record><rec-number>97</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="d9staw09w25xauet9vjprfaursxvaet0rzd5" timestamp="1519542492">97</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Cook, C. R.</author><author>Kilgus, S. P.</author><author>Burns, M. K.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>University of Minnesota, United States. Electronic address: crcook@umn.edu.
University of Missouri, United States.</auth-address><titles><title>Advancing the science and practice of precision education to enhance student outcomes</title><secondary-title>Journal of School Psychology</secondary-title></titles><pages>4-10</pages><volume>66</volume><dates><year>2018</year><pub-dates><date>Feb</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>1873-3506 (Electronic)
0022-4405 (Linking)</isbn><accession-num>29429494</accession-num><urls><related-urls><url>;(Cook et al., 2018; Horner et al., 2014). How well a program is received, or the social validity/acceptability of interventions, therefore, eventually depends on the opinions of students who are directly affected by the program ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Marchant</Author><Year>2012</Year><RecNum>883</RecNum><DisplayText>(Marchant et al., 2012)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>883</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="d9staw09w25xauet9vjprfaursxvaet0rzd5" timestamp="1537623314">883</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Marchant, Michelle</author><author>Heath, Melissa Allen</author><author>Miramontes, Nancy Y.</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Merging Empiricism and Humanism: Role of Social Validity in the School-Wide Positive Behavior Support Model</title><secondary-title>Journal of Positive Behavior Interventions</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Journal of Positive Behavior Interventions</full-title></periodical><pages>221-230</pages><volume>15</volume><number>4</number><dates><year>2012</year><pub-dates><date>2013/10/01</date></pub-dates></dates><publisher>SAGE Publications</publisher><isbn>1098-3007</isbn><urls><related-urls><url>;(Marchant et al., 2012). Overall, it is potentially misleading for experts to define adolescents’ wellbeing without considering adolescents’ say in defining wellbeing ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Hone</Author><Year>2015</Year><RecNum>70</RecNum><Prefix>also see`, </Prefix><DisplayText>(also see, Hone et al., 2015)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>70</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="d9staw09w25xauet9vjprfaursxvaet0rzd5" timestamp="1519542491">70</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Hone, L. C.</author><author>Schofield, G.</author><author>Jarden, A.</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Conceptualizations of Wellbeing: Insights from a Prototype Analysis on New Zealand Workers</title><secondary-title>New Zealand Journal of Human Resource Management</secondary-title></titles><pages>97-118</pages><volume>15</volume><number>2</number><dates><year>2015</year></dates><urls><related-urls><url>;(also see, Hone et al., 2015). The present study attempts to address this gap by investigating adolescent’s conceptualizations of wellbeing utilizing a prototype analysis approach.A Prototype Analysis PerspectivePrototype analysis is a mixed-method approach that has been established as an effective method of analysis for natural language categories, such as happiness, fear ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Fehr</Author><Year>1984</Year><RecNum>79</RecNum><DisplayText>(Fehr & Russell, 1984)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>79</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="d9staw09w25xauet9vjprfaursxvaet0rzd5" timestamp="1519542491">79</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Fehr, B.</author><author>Russell, J. A.</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Concept of emotion viewed from a prototype perspective</title><secondary-title>Journal of Experimental Psychology</secondary-title></titles><pages>464-486</pages><volume>113</volume><number>3</number><dates><year>1984</year></dates><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1037/0096-3445.113.3.464</electronic-resource-num></record></Cite></EndNote>(Fehr & Russell, 1984), gratitude ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Lambert</Author><Year>2009</Year><RecNum>107</RecNum><DisplayText>(Lambert, Graham, & Fincham, 2009)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>107</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="d9staw09w25xauet9vjprfaursxvaet0rzd5" timestamp="1519542492">107</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Lambert, N. M.</author><author>Graham, S. M.</author><author>Fincham, F. D.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA. nlambert@fsu.edu</auth-address><titles><title>A prototype analysis of gratitude: varieties of gratitude experiences</title><secondary-title>Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin</secondary-title></titles><pages>1193-207</pages><volume>35</volume><number>9</number><keywords><keyword>Adolescent</keyword><keyword>Adult</keyword><keyword>*Affect</keyword><keyword>Altruism</keyword><keyword>*Concept Formation</keyword><keyword>Empathy</keyword><keyword>Female</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Imagination</keyword><keyword>Interpersonal Relations</keyword><keyword>Judgment</keyword><keyword>Male</keyword><keyword>Mental Recall</keyword><keyword>Narration</keyword><keyword>*Social Behavior</keyword><keyword>Young Adult</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2009</year><pub-dates><date>Sep</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>0146-1672 (Print)
0146-1672 (Linking)</isbn><accession-num>19581434</accession-num><urls><related-urls><url>;(Lambert, Graham, & Fincham, 2009), forgiveness ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Kearns</Author><Year>2004</Year><RecNum>50</RecNum><DisplayText>(Kearns & Fincham, 2004)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>50</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="d9staw09w25xauet9vjprfaursxvaet0rzd5" timestamp="1519541955">50</key><key app="ENWeb" db-id="">0</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Kearns, J. N.</author><author>Fincham, F. D.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Psychology Department, University at Buffalo, NY 14260, USA. jkearns@acsu.buffalo.edu</auth-address><titles><title>A prototype analysis of forgiveness</title><secondary-title>Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin</secondary-title></titles><pages>838-55</pages><volume>30</volume><number>7</number><keywords><keyword>Adult</keyword><keyword>Attitude</keyword><keyword>Concept Formation</keyword><keyword>Empathy</keyword><keyword>Female</keyword><keyword>Guilt</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Interpersonal Relations</keyword><keyword>*Judgment</keyword><keyword>Male</keyword><keyword>*Models, Psychological</keyword><keyword>Semantics</keyword><keyword>Terminology as Topic</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2004</year><pub-dates><date>Jul</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>0146-1672 (Print)
0146-1672 (Linking)</isbn><accession-num>15200691</accession-num><urls><related-urls><url>;(Kearns & Fincham, 2004), infidelity ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Weiser</Author><Year>2014</Year><RecNum>82</RecNum><DisplayText>(Weiser, Lalasz, Weigel, & Evans, 2014)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>82</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="d9staw09w25xauet9vjprfaursxvaet0rzd5" timestamp="1519542491">82</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Weiser, D. A.</author><author>Lalasz, C. B.</author><author>Weigel, D. J.</author><author>Evans, W. P.</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>A prototype analysis of infidelity</title><secondary-title>Personal Relationships</secondary-title></titles><pages>655-675</pages><volume>21</volume><number>4</number><dates><year>2014</year></dates><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1111/pere.12056</electronic-resource-num></record></Cite></EndNote>(Weiser, Lalasz, Weigel, & Evans, 2014), and love and commitment ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Fehr</Author><Year>1988</Year><RecNum>80</RecNum><DisplayText>(Fehr, 1988)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>80</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="d9staw09w25xauet9vjprfaursxvaet0rzd5" timestamp="1519542491">80</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Fehr, B</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Prototype analysis of the concepts of love and commitment</title><secondary-title>Journal of Personality and Social Psychology</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Journal of Personality and Social Psychology</full-title><abbr-1>JPSP</abbr-1></periodical><pages>557-579</pages><volume>55</volume><number>4</number><dates><year>1988</year></dates><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1037/0022-3514.55.4.557</electronic-resource-num></record></Cite></EndNote>(Fehr, 1988). This method assumes that some components are more important or central to a concept, and others are less important or peripheral. In a prototype approach, thus, all components of a concept are not equally representative of that concept, contrary to a classical view where category membership is determined by necessary and sufficient criteria ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Rosch</Author><Year>1975</Year><RecNum>88</RecNum><DisplayText>(Rosch, 1975)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>88</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="d9staw09w25xauet9vjprfaursxvaet0rzd5" timestamp="1519542491">88</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Rosch, E</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Cognitive representations of semantic categories</title><secondary-title>Journal of experimental psychology</secondary-title></titles><pages>192-233</pages><volume>104</volume><number>3</number><dates><year>1975</year></dates><accession-num>1976-00172-001</accession-num><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1037/0096-3445.104.3.192</electronic-resource-num></record></Cite></EndNote>(Rosch, 1975). Prototype approach helps in identifying a “fuzzy collection” of the central components of a concept (also called prototypes) by means of ranking rather than identifying critical components ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Lambert</Author><Year>2009</Year><RecNum>107</RecNum><Suffix>`, p. 1195</Suffix><DisplayText>(Lambert et al., 2009, p. 1195)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>107</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="d9staw09w25xauet9vjprfaursxvaet0rzd5" timestamp="1519542492">107</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Lambert, N. M.</author><author>Graham, S. M.</author><author>Fincham, F. D.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA. nlambert@fsu.edu</auth-address><titles><title>A prototype analysis of gratitude: varieties of gratitude experiences</title><secondary-title>Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin</secondary-title></titles><pages>1193-207</pages><volume>35</volume><number>9</number><keywords><keyword>Adolescent</keyword><keyword>Adult</keyword><keyword>*Affect</keyword><keyword>Altruism</keyword><keyword>*Concept Formation</keyword><keyword>Empathy</keyword><keyword>Female</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Imagination</keyword><keyword>Interpersonal Relations</keyword><keyword>Judgment</keyword><keyword>Male</keyword><keyword>Mental Recall</keyword><keyword>Narration</keyword><keyword>*Social Behavior</keyword><keyword>Young Adult</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2009</year><pub-dates><date>Sep</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>0146-1672 (Print)
0146-1672 (Linking)</isbn><accession-num>19581434</accession-num><urls><related-urls><url>;(Lambert et al., 2009, p. 1195). For a comprehensive review of the strategy, read ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite AuthorYear="1"><Author>Fehr</Author><Year>1988</Year><RecNum>80</RecNum><DisplayText>Fehr (1988)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>80</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="d9staw09w25xauet9vjprfaursxvaet0rzd5" timestamp="1519542491">80</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Fehr, B</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Prototype analysis of the concepts of love and commitment</title><secondary-title>Journal of Personality and Social Psychology</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Journal of Personality and Social Psychology</full-title><abbr-1>JPSP</abbr-1></periodical><pages>557-579</pages><volume>55</volume><number>4</number><dates><year>1988</year></dates><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1037/0022-3514.55.4.557</electronic-resource-num></record></Cite></EndNote>Fehr (1988) and ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite AuthorYear="1"><Author>Kearns</Author><Year>2004</Year><RecNum>50</RecNum><DisplayText>Kearns and Fincham (2004)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>50</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="d9staw09w25xauet9vjprfaursxvaet0rzd5" timestamp="1519541955">50</key><key app="ENWeb" db-id="">0</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Kearns, J. N.</author><author>Fincham, F. D.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Psychology Department, University at Buffalo, NY 14260, USA. jkearns@acsu.buffalo.edu</auth-address><titles><title>A prototype analysis of forgiveness</title><secondary-title>Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin</secondary-title></titles><pages>838-55</pages><volume>30</volume><number>7</number><keywords><keyword>Adult</keyword><keyword>Attitude</keyword><keyword>Concept Formation</keyword><keyword>Empathy</keyword><keyword>Female</keyword><keyword>Guilt</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Interpersonal Relations</keyword><keyword>*Judgment</keyword><keyword>Male</keyword><keyword>*Models, Psychological</keyword><keyword>Semantics</keyword><keyword>Terminology as Topic</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2004</year><pub-dates><date>Jul</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>0146-1672 (Print)
0146-1672 (Linking)</isbn><accession-num>15200691</accession-num><urls><related-urls><url> and Fincham (2004). Driven primarily by this unique mixed-method approach, this study has drawn inspiration from the Hone and colleagues’ ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite ExcludeAuth="1"><Author>Hone</Author><Year>2015</Year><RecNum>70</RecNum><DisplayText>(2015)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>70</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="d9staw09w25xauet9vjprfaursxvaet0rzd5" timestamp="1519542491">70</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Hone, L. C.</author><author>Schofield, G.</author><author>Jarden, A.</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Conceptualizations of Wellbeing: Insights from a Prototype Analysis on New Zealand Workers</title><secondary-title>New Zealand Journal of Human Resource Management</secondary-title></titles><pages>97-118</pages><volume>15</volume><number>2</number><dates><year>2015</year></dates><urls><related-urls><url>;(2015) adults’ conceptualizations of wellbeing research. In their study, they demonstrated that wellbeing is prototypically organized in adults, which is one reason we chose to use prototype analysis. In addition, the current differences between the academic models of wellbeing also indicate that the components of wellbeing are not fixed ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Hone</Author><Year>2015</Year><RecNum>70</RecNum><DisplayText>(Hone et al., 2015)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>70</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="d9staw09w25xauet9vjprfaursxvaet0rzd5" timestamp="1519542491">70</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Hone, L. C.</author><author>Schofield, G.</author><author>Jarden, A.</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Conceptualizations of Wellbeing: Insights from a Prototype Analysis on New Zealand Workers</title><secondary-title>New Zealand Journal of Human Resource Management</secondary-title></titles><pages>97-118</pages><volume>15</volume><number>2</number><dates><year>2015</year></dates><urls><related-urls><url>;(Hone et al., 2015), and that wellbeing may be prototypically organized in adolescents as well. This strategy also seemed suitable relative to other strategies as we intended to determine the central components of wellbeing via a systematic and person-centric approach. ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite AuthorYear="1"><Author>Rosch</Author><Year>1975</Year><RecNum>88</RecNum><DisplayText>Rosch (1975)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>88</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="d9staw09w25xauet9vjprfaursxvaet0rzd5" timestamp="1519542491">88</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Rosch, E</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Cognitive representations of semantic categories</title><secondary-title>Journal of experimental psychology</secondary-title></titles><pages>192-233</pages><volume>104</volume><number>3</number><dates><year>1975</year></dates><accession-num>1976-00172-001</accession-num><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1037/0096-3445.104.3.192</electronic-resource-num></record></Cite></EndNote>Rosch (1975) listed two essential conditions of prototype analysis method reflected in the present study: a) the participants should be able to list the features of the concept and rate which components are more central to the concept b) the centrality rating of the components should influence the participants’ perceptions of the concept. The prototype analysis research has also pointed out that these conditions should be tested on different groups of participants, thus, the procedure and structure of this research was similar to other studies PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5GZWhyPC9BdXRob3I+PFllYXI+MTk4NDwvWWVhcj48UmVj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ADDIN EN.CITE PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5GZWhyPC9BdXRob3I+PFllYXI+MTk4NDwvWWVhcj48UmVj
TnVtPjc5PC9SZWNOdW0+PERpc3BsYXlUZXh0PihGZWhyLCAxOTg4OyBGZWhyICZhbXA7IFJ1c3Nl
bGwsIDE5ODQ7IEhvbmUgZXQgYWwuLCAyMDE1OyBLZWFybnMgJmFtcDsgRmluY2hhbSwgMjAwNDsg
TGFtYmVydCBldCBhbC4sIDIwMDk7IFdlaXNlciBldCBhbC4sIDIwMTQpPC9EaXNwbGF5VGV4dD48
cmVjb3JkPjxyZWMtbnVtYmVyPjc5PC9yZWMtbnVtYmVyPjxmb3JlaWduLWtleXM+PGtleSBhcHA9
IkVOIiBkYi1pZD0iZDlzdGF3MDl3MjV4YXVldDl2anByZmF1cnN4dmFldDByemQ1IiB0aW1lc3Rh
bXA9IjE1MTk1NDI0OTEiPjc5PC9rZXk+PC9mb3JlaWduLWtleXM+PHJlZi10eXBlIG5hbWU9Ikpv
dXJuYWwgQXJ0aWNsZSI+MTc8L3JlZi10eXBlPjxjb250cmlidXRvcnM+PGF1dGhvcnM+PGF1dGhv
cj5GZWhyLCBCLjwvYXV0aG9yPjxhdXRob3I+UnVzc2VsbCwgSi4gQS48L2F1dGhvcj48L2F1dGhv
cnM+PC9jb250cmlidXRvcnM+PHRpdGxlcz48dGl0bGU+Q29uY2VwdCBvZiBlbW90aW9uIHZpZXdl
ZCBmcm9tIGEgcHJvdG90eXBlIHBlcnNwZWN0aXZlPC90aXRsZT48c2Vjb25kYXJ5LXRpdGxlPkpv
dXJuYWwgb2YgRXhwZXJpbWVudGFsIFBzeWNob2xvZ3k8L3NlY29uZGFyeS10aXRsZT48L3RpdGxl
cz48cGFnZXM+NDY0LTQ4NjwvcGFnZXM+PHZvbHVtZT4xMTM8L3ZvbHVtZT48bnVtYmVyPjM8L251
bWJlcj48ZGF0ZXM+PHllYXI+MTk4NDwveWVhcj48L2RhdGVzPjx1cmxzPjwvdXJscz48ZWxlY3Ry
b25pYy1yZXNvdXJjZS1udW0+MTAuMTAzNy8wMDk2LTM0NDUuMTEzLjMuNDY0PC9lbGVjdHJvbmlj
LXJlc291cmNlLW51bT48L3JlY29yZD48L0NpdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5GZWhyPC9BdXRob3I+
PFllYXI+MTk4NDwvWWVhcj48UmVjTnVtPjc5PC9SZWNOdW0+PHJlY29yZD48cmVjLW51bWJlcj43
OTwvcmVjLW51bWJlcj48Zm9yZWlnbi1rZXlzPjxrZXkgYXBwPSJFTiIgZGItaWQ9ImQ5c3RhdzA5
dzI1eGF1ZXQ5dmpwcmZhdXJzeHZhZXQwcnpkNSIgdGltZXN0YW1wPSIxNTE5NTQyNDkxIj43OTwv
a2V5PjwvZm9yZWlnbi1rZXlzPjxyZWYtdHlwZSBuYW1lPSJKb3VybmFsIEFydGljbGUiPjE3PC9y
ZWYtdHlwZT48Y29udHJpYnV0b3JzPjxhdXRob3JzPjxhdXRob3I+RmVociwgQi48L2F1dGhvcj48
YXV0aG9yPlJ1c3NlbGwsIEouIEEuPC9hdXRob3I+PC9hdXRob3JzPjwvY29udHJpYnV0b3JzPjx0
aXRsZXM+PHRpdGxlPkNvbmNlcHQgb2YgZW1vdGlvbiB2aWV3ZWQgZnJvbSBhIHByb3RvdHlwZSBw
ZXJzcGVjdGl2ZTwvdGl0bGU+PHNlY29uZGFyeS10aXRsZT5Kb3VybmFsIG9mIEV4cGVyaW1lbnRh
bCBQc3ljaG9sb2d5PC9zZWNvbmRhcnktdGl0bGU+PC90aXRsZXM+PHBhZ2VzPjQ2NC00ODY8L3Bh
Z2VzPjx2b2x1bWU+MTEzPC92b2x1bWU+PG51bWJlcj4zPC9udW1iZXI+PGRhdGVzPjx5ZWFyPjE5
ODQ8L3llYXI+PC9kYXRlcz48dXJscz48L3VybHM+PGVsZWN0cm9uaWMtcmVzb3VyY2UtbnVtPjEw
LjEwMzcvMDA5Ni0zNDQ1LjExMy4zLjQ2NDwvZWxlY3Ryb25pYy1yZXNvdXJjZS1udW0+PC9yZWNv
cmQ+PC9DaXRlPjxDaXRlPjxBdXRob3I+RmVocjwvQXV0aG9yPjxZZWFyPjE5ODg8L1llYXI+PFJl
Y051bT44MDwvUmVjTnVtPjxyZWNvcmQ+PHJlYy1udW1iZXI+ODA8L3JlYy1udW1iZXI+PGZvcmVp
Z24ta2V5cz48a2V5IGFwcD0iRU4iIGRiLWlkPSJkOXN0YXcwOXcyNXhhdWV0OXZqcHJmYXVyc3h2
YWV0MHJ6ZDUiIHRpbWVzdGFtcD0iMTUxOTU0MjQ5MSI+ODA8L2tleT48L2ZvcmVpZ24ta2V5cz48
cmVmLXR5cGUgbmFtZT0iSm91cm5hbCBBcnRpY2xlIj4xNzwvcmVmLXR5cGU+PGNvbnRyaWJ1dG9y
cz48YXV0aG9ycz48YXV0aG9yPkZlaHIsIEI8L2F1dGhvcj48L2F1dGhvcnM+PC9jb250cmlidXRv
cnM+PHRpdGxlcz48dGl0bGU+UHJvdG90eXBlIGFuYWx5c2lzIG9mIHRoZSBjb25jZXB0cyBvZiBs
b3ZlIGFuZCBjb21taXRtZW50PC90aXRsZT48c2Vjb25kYXJ5LXRpdGxlPkpvdXJuYWwgb2YgUGVy
c29uYWxpdHkgYW5kIFNvY2lhbCBQc3ljaG9sb2d5PC9zZWNvbmRhcnktdGl0bGU+PC90aXRsZXM+
PHBlcmlvZGljYWw+PGZ1bGwtdGl0bGU+Sm91cm5hbCBvZiBQZXJzb25hbGl0eSBhbmQgU29jaWFs
IFBzeWNob2xvZ3k8L2Z1bGwtdGl0bGU+PGFiYnItMT5KUFNQPC9hYmJyLTE+PC9wZXJpb2RpY2Fs
PjxwYWdlcz41NTctNTc5PC9wYWdlcz48dm9sdW1lPjU1PC92b2x1bWU+PG51bWJlcj40PC9udW1i
ZXI+PGRhdGVzPjx5ZWFyPjE5ODg8L3llYXI+PC9kYXRlcz48dXJscz48L3VybHM+PGVsZWN0cm9u
aWMtcmVzb3VyY2UtbnVtPjEwLjEwMzcvMDAyMi0zNTE0LjU1LjQuNTU3PC9lbGVjdHJvbmljLXJl
c291cmNlLW51bT48L3JlY29yZD48L0NpdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5Ib25lPC9BdXRob3I+PFll
YXI+MjAxNTwvWWVhcj48UmVjTnVtPjcwPC9SZWNOdW0+PHJlY29yZD48cmVjLW51bWJlcj43MDwv
cmVjLW51bWJlcj48Zm9yZWlnbi1rZXlzPjxrZXkgYXBwPSJFTiIgZGItaWQ9ImQ5c3RhdzA5dzI1
eGF1ZXQ5dmpwcmZhdXJzeHZhZXQwcnpkNSIgdGltZXN0YW1wPSIxNTE5NTQyNDkxIj43MDwva2V5
PjwvZm9yZWlnbi1rZXlzPjxyZWYtdHlwZSBuYW1lPSJKb3VybmFsIEFydGljbGUiPjE3PC9yZWYt
dHlwZT48Y29udHJpYnV0b3JzPjxhdXRob3JzPjxhdXRob3I+SG9uZSwgTC4gQy48L2F1dGhvcj48
YXV0aG9yPlNjaG9maWVsZCwgRy48L2F1dGhvcj48YXV0aG9yPkphcmRlbiwgQS48L2F1dGhvcj48
L2F1dGhvcnM+PC9jb250cmlidXRvcnM+PHRpdGxlcz48dGl0bGU+Q29uY2VwdHVhbGl6YXRpb25z
IG9mIFdlbGxiZWluZzogSW5zaWdodHMgZnJvbSBhIFByb3RvdHlwZSBBbmFseXNpcyBvbiBOZXcg
WmVhbGFuZCBXb3JrZXJzPC90aXRsZT48c2Vjb25kYXJ5LXRpdGxlPk5ldyBaZWFsYW5kIEpvdXJu
YWwgb2YgSHVtYW4gUmVzb3VyY2UgTWFuYWdlbWVudDwvc2Vjb25kYXJ5LXRpdGxlPjwvdGl0bGVz
PjxwYWdlcz45Ny0xMTg8L3BhZ2VzPjx2b2x1bWU+MTU8L3ZvbHVtZT48bnVtYmVyPjI8L251bWJl
cj48ZGF0ZXM+PHllYXI+MjAxNTwveWVhcj48L2RhdGVzPjx1cmxzPjxyZWxhdGVkLXVybHM+PHVy
bD5odHRwOi8vbnppd3IuY28ubnovd3AtY29udGVudC91cGxvYWRzLzIwMTcvMTIvSG9uZV8yMDE2
X2NvbmNlcHR1YWxpemF0aW9uc19vZl93ZWxsYmVpbmdfaW5zaWdodHNfZnJvbV9hX3Byb3RvdHlw
ZV9hbmFseXNpc19vbl9uZXdfemVhbGFuZF93b3JrZXJzLTEucGRmPC91cmw+PC9yZWxhdGVkLXVy
bHM+PC91cmxzPjwvcmVjb3JkPjwvQ2l0ZT48Q2l0ZT48QXV0aG9yPktlYXJuczwvQXV0aG9yPjxZ
ZWFyPjIwMDQ8L1llYXI+PFJlY051bT41MDwvUmVjTnVtPjxyZWNvcmQ+PHJlYy1udW1iZXI+NTA8
L3JlYy1udW1iZXI+PGZvcmVpZ24ta2V5cz48a2V5IGFwcD0iRU4iIGRiLWlkPSJkOXN0YXcwOXcy
NXhhdWV0OXZqcHJmYXVyc3h2YWV0MHJ6ZDUiIHRpbWVzdGFtcD0iMTUxOTU0MTk1NSI+NTA8L2tl
eT48a2V5IGFwcD0iRU5XZWIiIGRiLWlkPSIiPjA8L2tleT48L2ZvcmVpZ24ta2V5cz48cmVmLXR5
cGUgbmFtZT0iSm91cm5hbCBBcnRpY2xlIj4xNzwvcmVmLXR5cGU+PGNvbnRyaWJ1dG9ycz48YXV0
aG9ycz48YXV0aG9yPktlYXJucywgSi4gTi48L2F1dGhvcj48YXV0aG9yPkZpbmNoYW0sIEYuIEQu
PC9hdXRob3I+PC9hdXRob3JzPjwvY29udHJpYnV0b3JzPjxhdXRoLWFkZHJlc3M+UHN5Y2hvbG9n
eSBEZXBhcnRtZW50LCBVbml2ZXJzaXR5IGF0IEJ1ZmZhbG8sIE5ZIDE0MjYwLCBVU0EuIGprZWFy
bnNAYWNzdS5idWZmYWxvLmVkdTwvYXV0aC1hZGRyZXNzPjx0aXRsZXM+PHRpdGxlPkEgcHJvdG90
eXBlIGFuYWx5c2lzIG9mIGZvcmdpdmVuZXNzPC90aXRsZT48c2Vjb25kYXJ5LXRpdGxlPlBlcnNv
bmFsaXR5IGFuZCBTb2NpYWwgUHN5Y2hvbG9neSBCdWxsZXRpbjwvc2Vjb25kYXJ5LXRpdGxlPjwv
dGl0bGVzPjxwYWdlcz44MzgtNTU8L3BhZ2VzPjx2b2x1bWU+MzA8L3ZvbHVtZT48bnVtYmVyPjc8
L251bWJlcj48a2V5d29yZHM+PGtleXdvcmQ+QWR1bHQ8L2tleXdvcmQ+PGtleXdvcmQ+QXR0aXR1
ZGU8L2tleXdvcmQ+PGtleXdvcmQ+Q29uY2VwdCBGb3JtYXRpb248L2tleXdvcmQ+PGtleXdvcmQ+
RW1wYXRoeTwva2V5d29yZD48a2V5d29yZD5GZW1hbGU8L2tleXdvcmQ+PGtleXdvcmQ+R3VpbHQ8
L2tleXdvcmQ+PGtleXdvcmQ+SHVtYW5zPC9rZXl3b3JkPjxrZXl3b3JkPkludGVycGVyc29uYWwg
UmVsYXRpb25zPC9rZXl3b3JkPjxrZXl3b3JkPipKdWRnbWVudDwva2V5d29yZD48a2V5d29yZD5N
YWxlPC9rZXl3b3JkPjxrZXl3b3JkPipNb2RlbHMsIFBzeWNob2xvZ2ljYWw8L2tleXdvcmQ+PGtl
eXdvcmQ+U2VtYW50aWNzPC9rZXl3b3JkPjxrZXl3b3JkPlRlcm1pbm9sb2d5IGFzIFRvcGljPC9r
ZXl3b3JkPjwva2V5d29yZHM+PGRhdGVzPjx5ZWFyPjIwMDQ8L3llYXI+PHB1Yi1kYXRlcz48ZGF0
ZT5KdWw8L2RhdGU+PC9wdWItZGF0ZXM+PC9kYXRlcz48aXNibj4wMTQ2LTE2NzIgKFByaW50KSYj
eEQ7MDE0Ni0xNjcyIChMaW5raW5nKTwvaXNibj48YWNjZXNzaW9uLW51bT4xNTIwMDY5MTwvYWNj
ZXNzaW9uLW51bT48dXJscz48cmVsYXRlZC11cmxzPjx1cmw+aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubmNiaS5ubG0u
bmloLmdvdi9wdWJtZWQvMTUyMDA2OTE8L3VybD48L3JlbGF0ZWQtdXJscz48L3VybHM+PGVsZWN0
cm9uaWMtcmVzb3VyY2UtbnVtPjEwLjExNzcvMDE0NjE2NzIwNDI2NDIzNzwvZWxlY3Ryb25pYy1y
ZXNvdXJjZS1udW0+PC9yZWNvcmQ+PC9DaXRlPjxDaXRlPjxBdXRob3I+TGFtYmVydDwvQXV0aG9y
PjxZZWFyPjIwMDk8L1llYXI+PFJlY051bT4xMDc8L1JlY051bT48cmVjb3JkPjxyZWMtbnVtYmVy
PjEwNzwvcmVjLW51bWJlcj48Zm9yZWlnbi1rZXlzPjxrZXkgYXBwPSJFTiIgZGItaWQ9ImQ5c3Rh
dzA5dzI1eGF1ZXQ5dmpwcmZhdXJzeHZhZXQwcnpkNSIgdGltZXN0YW1wPSIxNTE5NTQyNDkyIj4x
MDc8L2tleT48L2ZvcmVpZ24ta2V5cz48cmVmLXR5cGUgbmFtZT0iSm91cm5hbCBBcnRpY2xlIj4x
NzwvcmVmLXR5cGU+PGNvbnRyaWJ1dG9ycz48YXV0aG9ycz48YXV0aG9yPkxhbWJlcnQsIE4uIE0u
PC9hdXRob3I+PGF1dGhvcj5HcmFoYW0sIFMuIE0uPC9hdXRob3I+PGF1dGhvcj5GaW5jaGFtLCBG
LiBELjwvYXV0aG9yPjwvYXV0aG9ycz48L2NvbnRyaWJ1dG9ycz48YXV0aC1hZGRyZXNzPkZsb3Jp
ZGEgU3RhdGUgVW5pdmVyc2l0eSwgVGFsbGFoYXNzZWUsIEZsb3JpZGEsIFVTQS4gbmxhbWJlcnRA
ZnN1LmVkdTwvYXV0aC1hZGRyZXNzPjx0aXRsZXM+PHRpdGxlPkEgcHJvdG90eXBlIGFuYWx5c2lz
IG9mIGdyYXRpdHVkZTogdmFyaWV0aWVzIG9mIGdyYXRpdHVkZSBleHBlcmllbmNlczwvdGl0bGU+
PHNlY29uZGFyeS10aXRsZT5QZXJzb25hbGl0eSBhbmQgU29jaWFsIFBzeWNob2xvZ3kgQnVsbGV0
aW48L3NlY29uZGFyeS10aXRsZT48L3RpdGxlcz48cGFnZXM+MTE5My0yMDc8L3BhZ2VzPjx2b2x1
bWU+MzU8L3ZvbHVtZT48bnVtYmVyPjk8L251bWJlcj48a2V5d29yZHM+PGtleXdvcmQ+QWRvbGVz
Y2VudDwva2V5d29yZD48a2V5d29yZD5BZHVsdDwva2V5d29yZD48a2V5d29yZD4qQWZmZWN0PC9r
ZXl3b3JkPjxrZXl3b3JkPkFsdHJ1aXNtPC9rZXl3b3JkPjxrZXl3b3JkPipDb25jZXB0IEZvcm1h
dGlvbjwva2V5d29yZD48a2V5d29yZD5FbXBhdGh5PC9rZXl3b3JkPjxrZXl3b3JkPkZlbWFsZTwv
a2V5d29yZD48a2V5d29yZD5IdW1hbnM8L2tleXdvcmQ+PGtleXdvcmQ+SW1hZ2luYXRpb248L2tl
eXdvcmQ+PGtleXdvcmQ+SW50ZXJwZXJzb25hbCBSZWxhdGlvbnM8L2tleXdvcmQ+PGtleXdvcmQ+
SnVkZ21lbnQ8L2tleXdvcmQ+PGtleXdvcmQ+TWFsZTwva2V5d29yZD48a2V5d29yZD5NZW50YWwg
UmVjYWxsPC9rZXl3b3JkPjxrZXl3b3JkPk5hcnJhdGlvbjwva2V5d29yZD48a2V5d29yZD4qU29j
aWFsIEJlaGF2aW9yPC9rZXl3b3JkPjxrZXl3b3JkPllvdW5nIEFkdWx0PC9rZXl3b3JkPjwva2V5
d29yZHM+PGRhdGVzPjx5ZWFyPjIwMDk8L3llYXI+PHB1Yi1kYXRlcz48ZGF0ZT5TZXA8L2RhdGU+
PC9wdWItZGF0ZXM+PC9kYXRlcz48aXNibj4wMTQ2LTE2NzIgKFByaW50KSYjeEQ7MDE0Ni0xNjcy
IChMaW5raW5nKTwvaXNibj48YWNjZXNzaW9uLW51bT4xOTU4MTQzNDwvYWNjZXNzaW9uLW51bT48
dXJscz48cmVsYXRlZC11cmxzPjx1cmw+aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubmNiaS5ubG0ubmloLmdvdi9wdWJt
ZWQvMTk1ODE0MzQ8L3VybD48L3JlbGF0ZWQtdXJscz48L3VybHM+PGVsZWN0cm9uaWMtcmVzb3Vy
Y2UtbnVtPjEwLjExNzcvMDE0NjE2NzIwOTMzODA3MTwvZWxlY3Ryb25pYy1yZXNvdXJjZS1udW0+
PC9yZWNvcmQ+PC9DaXRlPjxDaXRlPjxBdXRob3I+V2Vpc2VyPC9BdXRob3I+PFllYXI+MjAxNDwv
WWVhcj48UmVjTnVtPjgyPC9SZWNOdW0+PHJlY29yZD48cmVjLW51bWJlcj44MjwvcmVjLW51bWJl
cj48Zm9yZWlnbi1rZXlzPjxrZXkgYXBwPSJFTiIgZGItaWQ9ImQ5c3RhdzA5dzI1eGF1ZXQ5dmpw
cmZhdXJzeHZhZXQwcnpkNSIgdGltZXN0YW1wPSIxNTE5NTQyNDkxIj44Mjwva2V5PjwvZm9yZWln
bi1rZXlzPjxyZWYtdHlwZSBuYW1lPSJKb3VybmFsIEFydGljbGUiPjE3PC9yZWYtdHlwZT48Y29u
dHJpYnV0b3JzPjxhdXRob3JzPjxhdXRob3I+V2Vpc2VyLCBELiBBLjwvYXV0aG9yPjxhdXRob3I+
TGFsYXN6LCBDLiBCLjwvYXV0aG9yPjxhdXRob3I+V2VpZ2VsLCBELiBKLjwvYXV0aG9yPjxhdXRo
b3I+RXZhbnMsIFcuIFAuPC9hdXRob3I+PC9hdXRob3JzPjwvY29udHJpYnV0b3JzPjx0aXRsZXM+
PHRpdGxlPkEgcHJvdG90eXBlIGFuYWx5c2lzIG9mIGluZmlkZWxpdHk8L3RpdGxlPjxzZWNvbmRh
cnktdGl0bGU+UGVyc29uYWwgUmVsYXRpb25zaGlwczwvc2Vjb25kYXJ5LXRpdGxlPjwvdGl0bGVz
PjxwYWdlcz42NTUtNjc1PC9wYWdlcz48dm9sdW1lPjIxPC92b2x1bWU+PG51bWJlcj40PC9udW1i
ZXI+PGRhdGVzPjx5ZWFyPjIwMTQ8L3llYXI+PC9kYXRlcz48dXJscz48L3VybHM+PGVsZWN0cm9u
aWMtcmVzb3VyY2UtbnVtPjEwLjExMTEvcGVyZS4xMjA1NjwvZWxlY3Ryb25pYy1yZXNvdXJjZS1u
dW0+PC9yZWNvcmQ+PC9DaXRlPjwvRW5kTm90ZT5=
ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA (Fehr, 1988; Fehr & Russell, 1984; Hone et al., 2015; Kearns & Fincham, 2004; Lambert et al., 2009; Weiser et al., 2014). The Present StudyThe main research question of the study was: What are the perceptions of New Zealand adolescents (aged 11 to 13 years) about the 1) central components of wellbeing and 2) pathways to wellbeing? We subsequently examined whether the perceptions aligned with the popular academic models and adults’ conceptualizations of wellbeing. We also hypothesized that wellbeing will be prototypically organized in adolescents, and socioeconomic status will influence adolescents’ perceptions of the centrality of the components. This research is unique because to date no study has utilized a prototype analysis strategy to investigate adolescents’ wellbeing conceptions. As per the recommendations of some researchers, we compared the wellbeing perceptions of socioeconomically distinct groups for the first time PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5BbmRlcnNvbjwvQXV0aG9yPjxZZWFyPjIwMTY8L1llYXI+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=
ADDIN EN.CITE PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5BbmRlcnNvbjwvQXV0aG9yPjxZZWFyPjIwMTY8L1llYXI+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=
ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA (Anderson & Graham, 2016; Hone et al., 2015; Soutter et al., 2012). MethodsOverview of StudiesWe conducted three studies to address the aims of the research. In Study 1, participants listed the components and pathways regarding wellbeing in a free-response format. A different sample of participants rated the centrality or importance of the components in Study 2. In Study 3, central components of wellbeing were hypothesized to be related more closely to the perception of wellbeing than the peripheral components in the third sample of adolescents. The first two studies addressed the primary question of the research. Specifically, Study 1 fully addressed the question about pathways and the second study provided the centrality ratings of the components. Whether wellbeing was prototypically organized in adolescents was determined by all three studies combined. The comparisons between the wellbeing perceptions of two socioeconomic groups were undertaken throughout these studies. The first study included qualitative data and the remaining were quantitative.The recruitment process involved emailing the schools in Auckland, New Zealand with a study invite as per convenience, though preference was given to the school type (state intermediate schools with grades 7 and 8) and decile (1 and 10). In New Zealand, school decile (also known as school socioeconomic decile) is a key measure of the schools’ students’ socioeconomic status relative to other schools. Decile 1 draws the highest proportion of students from low socioeconomic areas whereas Decile 10 draws the highest proportion of students from high socioeconomic areas ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Education New Zealand</Author><Year>2018</Year><RecNum>169</RecNum><DisplayText>(Education New Zealand, 2018)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>169</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="d9staw09w25xauet9vjprfaursxvaet0rzd5" timestamp="1519567511">169</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Web Page">12</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Education New Zealand,</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>School deciles</title></titles><volume>2018</volume><number>15 February</number><dates><year>2018</year></dates><urls><related-urls><url>;(Education New Zealand, 2018). Two intermediate schools were agreeable to participate in the study located in ethnically and socioeconomically diverse regions. A personal meeting was held with school principals of these schools to provide them with the study information and material. The schools provided with different classes for participant recruitment in each study. From each class that was offered for a certain study, we recruited only those students who agreed to participate. Note that there was no overlap in participants for studies 1, 2 and 3.Ethical approvals were gained from the university’s ethical committee. The potential participants and their parents were given separate sheets informing them about the study’s aim, importance, and procedure with other significant ethical details two weeks prior to each study. The studies were judged to involve minimal risk, so the parent consent was not sought but the participants’ assent was taken electronically before each study. The participation in the study was by voluntary inclusion only and the parents could withdraw their children from participating in the study at any time or the students could withdraw on their own. University-branded pens were given to all the participants as incentives. The data in the studies were collected utilizing separate anonymous surveys. The findings of Study 1 informed the Study 2 survey and the findings of Study 2 informed the Study 3 survey. All surveys were managed in-person within the school hours and the data were collected electronically on the SurveyMonkey software. The web link and instructions to access the surveys were mentioned in the participant information sheets and were also verbally stated on the day of administration. A registration system was used to collect participants’ demographic information and assent before they accessed the surveys. Study 1: Free Listing and Compilation of Prototypic Wellbeing Components and Pathways to WellbeingThe aim of the first study was to compile a list of wellbeing components and aspects that promote wellbeing. To fulfil the aim, participants were first asked to write as many wellbeing components as they could recollect. Second, they were asked to list all the aspects that they thought fostered their wellbeing. Both the questions utilized an open-ended response format. There was no time limit, though students generally completed their responses in about 20 minutes.Participants.The sample comprised 125 adolescents (65 boys and 60 girls) from two Auckland intermediate schools. Thirty eight percent of participants were from a socioeconomically low decile school (i.e. 48 from Decile 1) and 62% from high decile school (i.e. 77 from Decile 10) and were from grade 7 (46%) and grade 8 (54%) aged 11(39%), 12 (55%) and 13 (6%). Approximately 53% of the sample was New Zealand European. The remaining participants were Māori (indigenous people, 11%), Pacific Islanders (18%), or Asian (7%). An additional 4% of participants reported that they belonged to the African/Middle Eastern ethnic group. Approximately 7% of participants indicated that they were of mixed ethnicity. Procedure.Participants were given the following verbal and on-screen instructions in their respective schools within the school hours ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Fehr</Author><Year>1984</Year><RecNum>79</RecNum><Prefix>adapted from </Prefix><Suffix>`, Study 6</Suffix><DisplayText>(adapted from Fehr & Russell, 1984, Study 6; Hone et al., 2015)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>79</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="d9staw09w25xauet9vjprfaursxvaet0rzd5" timestamp="1519542491">79</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Fehr, B.</author><author>Russell, J. A.</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Concept of emotion viewed from a prototype perspective</title><secondary-title>Journal of Experimental Psychology</secondary-title></titles><pages>464-486</pages><volume>113</volume><number>3</number><dates><year>1984</year></dates><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1037/0096-3445.113.3.464</electronic-resource-num></record></Cite><Cite><Author>Hone</Author><Year>2015</Year><RecNum>70</RecNum><record><rec-number>70</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="d9staw09w25xauet9vjprfaursxvaet0rzd5" timestamp="1519542491">70</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Hone, L. C.</author><author>Schofield, G.</author><author>Jarden, A.</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Conceptualizations of Wellbeing: Insights from a Prototype Analysis on New Zealand Workers</title><secondary-title>New Zealand Journal of Human Resource Management</secondary-title></titles><pages>97-118</pages><volume>15</volume><number>2</number><dates><year>2015</year></dates><urls><related-urls><url>;(adapted from Fehr & Russell, 1984, Study 6; Hone et al., 2015): This is a study on what young New Zealanders of your age think of when they think of the word wellbeing. For example, if you were asked to list the components of fear, you might write: possible danger occurs, heart beats wildly, eyes open wider, the person runs as fast as they can. Similarly, if you were asked to write the components of sadness, you might write: feelings of disappointment, becoming quiet and lazy, crying. In the current study, we are not interested in fear or sadness, but in the characteristics of wellbeing. Imagine that you are explaining the word wellbeing to someone who does not know about wellbeing and answer the following question: What, in your opinion, are the components of wellbeing? List as many as you can. After the participants answered the above question, they answered an additional question:“What, in your opinion, enhances your wellbeing? Specifically, which are those factors in your life or particularly at your home,?school, and society that help in improving your wellbeing?”Analysis. A list of verbatim responses was prepared, only correcting for spelling. Adhering to the coding procedure outlined in ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite AuthorYear="1"><Author>Fehr</Author><Year>1988</Year><RecNum>80</RecNum><DisplayText>Fehr (1988)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>80</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="d9staw09w25xauet9vjprfaursxvaet0rzd5" timestamp="1519542491">80</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Fehr, B</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Prototype analysis of the concepts of love and commitment</title><secondary-title>Journal of Personality and Social Psychology</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Journal of Personality and Social Psychology</full-title><abbr-1>JPSP</abbr-1></periodical><pages>557-579</pages><volume>55</volume><number>4</number><dates><year>1988</year></dates><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1037/0022-3514.55.4.557</electronic-resource-num></record></Cite></EndNote>Fehr (1988), two broad steps of analysis were undertaken, similar to prototype analysis research PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5GZWhyPC9BdXRob3I+PFllYXI+MTk4NDwvWWVhcj48UmVj
TnVtPjc5PC9SZWNOdW0+PERpc3BsYXlUZXh0PihGZWhyICZhbXA7IFJ1c3NlbGwsIDE5ODQ7IEhv
bmUgZXQgYWwuLCAyMDE1OyBLZWFybnMgJmFtcDsgRmluY2hhbSwgMjAwNDsgTGFtYmVydCBldCBh
bC4sIDIwMDk7IFdlaXNlciBldCBhbC4sIDIwMTQpPC9EaXNwbGF5VGV4dD48cmVjb3JkPjxyZWMt
bnVtYmVyPjc5PC9yZWMtbnVtYmVyPjxmb3JlaWduLWtleXM+PGtleSBhcHA9IkVOIiBkYi1pZD0i
ZDlzdGF3MDl3MjV4YXVldDl2anByZmF1cnN4dmFldDByemQ1IiB0aW1lc3RhbXA9IjE1MTk1NDI0
OTEiPjc5PC9rZXk+PC9mb3JlaWduLWtleXM+PHJlZi10eXBlIG5hbWU9IkpvdXJuYWwgQXJ0aWNs
ZSI+MTc8L3JlZi10eXBlPjxjb250cmlidXRvcnM+PGF1dGhvcnM+PGF1dGhvcj5GZWhyLCBCLjwv
YXV0aG9yPjxhdXRob3I+UnVzc2VsbCwgSi4gQS48L2F1dGhvcj48L2F1dGhvcnM+PC9jb250cmli
dXRvcnM+PHRpdGxlcz48dGl0bGU+Q29uY2VwdCBvZiBlbW90aW9uIHZpZXdlZCBmcm9tIGEgcHJv
dG90eXBlIHBlcnNwZWN0aXZlPC90aXRsZT48c2Vjb25kYXJ5LXRpdGxlPkpvdXJuYWwgb2YgRXhw
ZXJpbWVudGFsIFBzeWNob2xvZ3k8L3NlY29uZGFyeS10aXRsZT48L3RpdGxlcz48cGFnZXM+NDY0
LTQ4NjwvcGFnZXM+PHZvbHVtZT4xMTM8L3ZvbHVtZT48bnVtYmVyPjM8L251bWJlcj48ZGF0ZXM+
PHllYXI+MTk4NDwveWVhcj48L2RhdGVzPjx1cmxzPjwvdXJscz48ZWxlY3Ryb25pYy1yZXNvdXJj
ZS1udW0+MTAuMTAzNy8wMDk2LTM0NDUuMTEzLjMuNDY0PC9lbGVjdHJvbmljLXJlc291cmNlLW51
bT48L3JlY29yZD48L0NpdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5LZWFybnM8L0F1dGhvcj48WWVhcj4yMDA0
PC9ZZWFyPjxSZWNOdW0+NTA8L1JlY051bT48cmVjb3JkPjxyZWMtbnVtYmVyPjUwPC9yZWMtbnVt
YmVyPjxmb3JlaWduLWtleXM+PGtleSBhcHA9IkVOIiBkYi1pZD0iZDlzdGF3MDl3MjV4YXVldDl2
anByZmF1cnN4dmFldDByemQ1IiB0aW1lc3RhbXA9IjE1MTk1NDE5NTUiPjUwPC9rZXk+PGtleSBh
cHA9IkVOV2ViIiBkYi1pZD0iIj4wPC9rZXk+PC9mb3JlaWduLWtleXM+PHJlZi10eXBlIG5hbWU9
IkpvdXJuYWwgQXJ0aWNsZSI+MTc8L3JlZi10eXBlPjxjb250cmlidXRvcnM+PGF1dGhvcnM+PGF1
dGhvcj5LZWFybnMsIEouIE4uPC9hdXRob3I+PGF1dGhvcj5GaW5jaGFtLCBGLiBELjwvYXV0aG9y
PjwvYXV0aG9ycz48L2NvbnRyaWJ1dG9ycz48YXV0aC1hZGRyZXNzPlBzeWNob2xvZ3kgRGVwYXJ0
bWVudCwgVW5pdmVyc2l0eSBhdCBCdWZmYWxvLCBOWSAxNDI2MCwgVVNBLiBqa2Vhcm5zQGFjc3Uu
YnVmZmFsby5lZHU8L2F1dGgtYWRkcmVzcz48dGl0bGVzPjx0aXRsZT5BIHByb3RvdHlwZSBhbmFs
eXNpcyBvZiBmb3JnaXZlbmVzczwvdGl0bGU+PHNlY29uZGFyeS10aXRsZT5QZXJzb25hbGl0eSBh
bmQgU29jaWFsIFBzeWNob2xvZ3kgQnVsbGV0aW48L3NlY29uZGFyeS10aXRsZT48L3RpdGxlcz48
cGFnZXM+ODM4LTU1PC9wYWdlcz48dm9sdW1lPjMwPC92b2x1bWU+PG51bWJlcj43PC9udW1iZXI+
PGtleXdvcmRzPjxrZXl3b3JkPkFkdWx0PC9rZXl3b3JkPjxrZXl3b3JkPkF0dGl0dWRlPC9rZXl3
b3JkPjxrZXl3b3JkPkNvbmNlcHQgRm9ybWF0aW9uPC9rZXl3b3JkPjxrZXl3b3JkPkVtcGF0aHk8
L2tleXdvcmQ+PGtleXdvcmQ+RmVtYWxlPC9rZXl3b3JkPjxrZXl3b3JkPkd1aWx0PC9rZXl3b3Jk
PjxrZXl3b3JkPkh1bWFuczwva2V5d29yZD48a2V5d29yZD5JbnRlcnBlcnNvbmFsIFJlbGF0aW9u
czwva2V5d29yZD48a2V5d29yZD4qSnVkZ21lbnQ8L2tleXdvcmQ+PGtleXdvcmQ+TWFsZTwva2V5
d29yZD48a2V5d29yZD4qTW9kZWxzLCBQc3ljaG9sb2dpY2FsPC9rZXl3b3JkPjxrZXl3b3JkPlNl
bWFudGljczwva2V5d29yZD48a2V5d29yZD5UZXJtaW5vbG9neSBhcyBUb3BpYzwva2V5d29yZD48
L2tleXdvcmRzPjxkYXRlcz48eWVhcj4yMDA0PC95ZWFyPjxwdWItZGF0ZXM+PGRhdGU+SnVsPC9k
YXRlPjwvcHViLWRhdGVzPjwvZGF0ZXM+PGlzYm4+MDE0Ni0xNjcyIChQcmludCkmI3hEOzAxNDYt
MTY3MiAoTGlua2luZyk8L2lzYm4+PGFjY2Vzc2lvbi1udW0+MTUyMDA2OTE8L2FjY2Vzc2lvbi1u
dW0+PHVybHM+PHJlbGF0ZWQtdXJscz48dXJsPmh0dHBzOi8vd3d3Lm5jYmkubmxtLm5paC5nb3Yv
cHVibWVkLzE1MjAwNjkxPC91cmw+PC9yZWxhdGVkLXVybHM+PC91cmxzPjxlbGVjdHJvbmljLXJl
c291cmNlLW51bT4xMC4xMTc3LzAxNDYxNjcyMDQyNjQyMzc8L2VsZWN0cm9uaWMtcmVzb3VyY2Ut
bnVtPjwvcmVjb3JkPjwvQ2l0ZT48Q2l0ZT48QXV0aG9yPkxhbWJlcnQ8L0F1dGhvcj48WWVhcj4y
MDA5PC9ZZWFyPjxSZWNOdW0+MTA3PC9SZWNOdW0+PHJlY29yZD48cmVjLW51bWJlcj4xMDc8L3Jl
Yy1udW1iZXI+PGZvcmVpZ24ta2V5cz48a2V5IGFwcD0iRU4iIGRiLWlkPSJkOXN0YXcwOXcyNXhh
dWV0OXZqcHJmYXVyc3h2YWV0MHJ6ZDUiIHRpbWVzdGFtcD0iMTUxOTU0MjQ5MiI+MTA3PC9rZXk+
PC9mb3JlaWduLWtleXM+PHJlZi10eXBlIG5hbWU9IkpvdXJuYWwgQXJ0aWNsZSI+MTc8L3JlZi10
eXBlPjxjb250cmlidXRvcnM+PGF1dGhvcnM+PGF1dGhvcj5MYW1iZXJ0LCBOLiBNLjwvYXV0aG9y
PjxhdXRob3I+R3JhaGFtLCBTLiBNLjwvYXV0aG9yPjxhdXRob3I+RmluY2hhbSwgRi4gRC48L2F1
dGhvcj48L2F1dGhvcnM+PC9jb250cmlidXRvcnM+PGF1dGgtYWRkcmVzcz5GbG9yaWRhIFN0YXRl
IFVuaXZlcnNpdHksIFRhbGxhaGFzc2VlLCBGbG9yaWRhLCBVU0EuIG5sYW1iZXJ0QGZzdS5lZHU8
L2F1dGgtYWRkcmVzcz48dGl0bGVzPjx0aXRsZT5BIHByb3RvdHlwZSBhbmFseXNpcyBvZiBncmF0
aXR1ZGU6IHZhcmlldGllcyBvZiBncmF0aXR1ZGUgZXhwZXJpZW5jZXM8L3RpdGxlPjxzZWNvbmRh
cnktdGl0bGU+UGVyc29uYWxpdHkgYW5kIFNvY2lhbCBQc3ljaG9sb2d5IEJ1bGxldGluPC9zZWNv
bmRhcnktdGl0bGU+PC90aXRsZXM+PHBhZ2VzPjExOTMtMjA3PC9wYWdlcz48dm9sdW1lPjM1PC92
b2x1bWU+PG51bWJlcj45PC9udW1iZXI+PGtleXdvcmRzPjxrZXl3b3JkPkFkb2xlc2NlbnQ8L2tl
eXdvcmQ+PGtleXdvcmQ+QWR1bHQ8L2tleXdvcmQ+PGtleXdvcmQ+KkFmZmVjdDwva2V5d29yZD48
a2V5d29yZD5BbHRydWlzbTwva2V5d29yZD48a2V5d29yZD4qQ29uY2VwdCBGb3JtYXRpb248L2tl
eXdvcmQ+PGtleXdvcmQ+RW1wYXRoeTwva2V5d29yZD48a2V5d29yZD5GZW1hbGU8L2tleXdvcmQ+
PGtleXdvcmQ+SHVtYW5zPC9rZXl3b3JkPjxrZXl3b3JkPkltYWdpbmF0aW9uPC9rZXl3b3JkPjxr
ZXl3b3JkPkludGVycGVyc29uYWwgUmVsYXRpb25zPC9rZXl3b3JkPjxrZXl3b3JkPkp1ZGdtZW50
PC9rZXl3b3JkPjxrZXl3b3JkPk1hbGU8L2tleXdvcmQ+PGtleXdvcmQ+TWVudGFsIFJlY2FsbDwv
a2V5d29yZD48a2V5d29yZD5OYXJyYXRpb248L2tleXdvcmQ+PGtleXdvcmQ+KlNvY2lhbCBCZWhh
dmlvcjwva2V5d29yZD48a2V5d29yZD5Zb3VuZyBBZHVsdDwva2V5d29yZD48L2tleXdvcmRzPjxk
YXRlcz48eWVhcj4yMDA5PC95ZWFyPjxwdWItZGF0ZXM+PGRhdGU+U2VwPC9kYXRlPjwvcHViLWRh
dGVzPjwvZGF0ZXM+PGlzYm4+MDE0Ni0xNjcyIChQcmludCkmI3hEOzAxNDYtMTY3MiAoTGlua2lu
Zyk8L2lzYm4+PGFjY2Vzc2lvbi1udW0+MTk1ODE0MzQ8L2FjY2Vzc2lvbi1udW0+PHVybHM+PHJl
bGF0ZWQtdXJscz48dXJsPmh0dHBzOi8vd3d3Lm5jYmkubmxtLm5paC5nb3YvcHVibWVkLzE5NTgx
NDM0PC91cmw+PC9yZWxhdGVkLXVybHM+PC91cmxzPjxlbGVjdHJvbmljLXJlc291cmNlLW51bT4x
MC4xMTc3LzAxNDYxNjcyMDkzMzgwNzE8L2VsZWN0cm9uaWMtcmVzb3VyY2UtbnVtPjwvcmVjb3Jk
PjwvQ2l0ZT48Q2l0ZT48QXV0aG9yPkhvbmU8L0F1dGhvcj48WWVhcj4yMDE1PC9ZZWFyPjxSZWNO
dW0+NzA8L1JlY051bT48cmVjb3JkPjxyZWMtbnVtYmVyPjcwPC9yZWMtbnVtYmVyPjxmb3JlaWdu
LWtleXM+PGtleSBhcHA9IkVOIiBkYi1pZD0iZDlzdGF3MDl3MjV4YXVldDl2anByZmF1cnN4dmFl
dDByemQ1IiB0aW1lc3RhbXA9IjE1MTk1NDI0OTEiPjcwPC9rZXk+PC9mb3JlaWduLWtleXM+PHJl
Zi10eXBlIG5hbWU9IkpvdXJuYWwgQXJ0aWNsZSI+MTc8L3JlZi10eXBlPjxjb250cmlidXRvcnM+
PGF1dGhvcnM+PGF1dGhvcj5Ib25lLCBMLiBDLjwvYXV0aG9yPjxhdXRob3I+U2Nob2ZpZWxkLCBH
LjwvYXV0aG9yPjxhdXRob3I+SmFyZGVuLCBBLjwvYXV0aG9yPjwvYXV0aG9ycz48L2NvbnRyaWJ1
dG9ycz48dGl0bGVzPjx0aXRsZT5Db25jZXB0dWFsaXphdGlvbnMgb2YgV2VsbGJlaW5nOiBJbnNp
Z2h0cyBmcm9tIGEgUHJvdG90eXBlIEFuYWx5c2lzIG9uIE5ldyBaZWFsYW5kIFdvcmtlcnM8L3Rp
dGxlPjxzZWNvbmRhcnktdGl0bGU+TmV3IFplYWxhbmQgSm91cm5hbCBvZiBIdW1hbiBSZXNvdXJj
ZSBNYW5hZ2VtZW50PC9zZWNvbmRhcnktdGl0bGU+PC90aXRsZXM+PHBhZ2VzPjk3LTExODwvcGFn
ZXM+PHZvbHVtZT4xNTwvdm9sdW1lPjxudW1iZXI+MjwvbnVtYmVyPjxkYXRlcz48eWVhcj4yMDE1
PC95ZWFyPjwvZGF0ZXM+PHVybHM+PHJlbGF0ZWQtdXJscz48dXJsPmh0dHA6Ly9ueml3ci5jby5u
ei93cC1jb250ZW50L3VwbG9hZHMvMjAxNy8xMi9Ib25lXzIwMTZfY29uY2VwdHVhbGl6YXRpb25z
X29mX3dlbGxiZWluZ19pbnNpZ2h0c19mcm9tX2FfcHJvdG90eXBlX2FuYWx5c2lzX29uX25ld196
ZWFsYW5kX3dvcmtlcnMtMS5wZGY8L3VybD48L3JlbGF0ZWQtdXJscz48L3VybHM+PC9yZWNvcmQ+
PC9DaXRlPjxDaXRlPjxBdXRob3I+V2Vpc2VyPC9BdXRob3I+PFllYXI+MjAxNDwvWWVhcj48UmVj
TnVtPjgyPC9SZWNOdW0+PHJlY29yZD48cmVjLW51bWJlcj44MjwvcmVjLW51bWJlcj48Zm9yZWln
bi1rZXlzPjxrZXkgYXBwPSJFTiIgZGItaWQ9ImQ5c3RhdzA5dzI1eGF1ZXQ5dmpwcmZhdXJzeHZh
ZXQwcnpkNSIgdGltZXN0YW1wPSIxNTE5NTQyNDkxIj44Mjwva2V5PjwvZm9yZWlnbi1rZXlzPjxy
ZWYtdHlwZSBuYW1lPSJKb3VybmFsIEFydGljbGUiPjE3PC9yZWYtdHlwZT48Y29udHJpYnV0b3Jz
PjxhdXRob3JzPjxhdXRob3I+V2Vpc2VyLCBELiBBLjwvYXV0aG9yPjxhdXRob3I+TGFsYXN6LCBD
LiBCLjwvYXV0aG9yPjxhdXRob3I+V2VpZ2VsLCBELiBKLjwvYXV0aG9yPjxhdXRob3I+RXZhbnMs
IFcuIFAuPC9hdXRob3I+PC9hdXRob3JzPjwvY29udHJpYnV0b3JzPjx0aXRsZXM+PHRpdGxlPkEg
cHJvdG90eXBlIGFuYWx5c2lzIG9mIGluZmlkZWxpdHk8L3RpdGxlPjxzZWNvbmRhcnktdGl0bGU+
UGVyc29uYWwgUmVsYXRpb25zaGlwczwvc2Vjb25kYXJ5LXRpdGxlPjwvdGl0bGVzPjxwYWdlcz42
NTUtNjc1PC9wYWdlcz48dm9sdW1lPjIxPC92b2x1bWU+PG51bWJlcj40PC9udW1iZXI+PGRhdGVz
Pjx5ZWFyPjIwMTQ8L3llYXI+PC9kYXRlcz48dXJscz48L3VybHM+PGVsZWN0cm9uaWMtcmVzb3Vy
Y2UtbnVtPjEwLjExMTEvcGVyZS4xMjA1NjwvZWxlY3Ryb25pYy1yZXNvdXJjZS1udW0+PC9yZWNv
cmQ+PC9DaXRlPjwvRW5kTm90ZT5=
ADDIN EN.CITE PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5GZWhyPC9BdXRob3I+PFllYXI+MTk4NDwvWWVhcj48UmVj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ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA (Fehr & Russell, 1984; Hone et al., 2015; Kearns & Fincham, 2004; Lambert et al., 2009; Weiser et al., 2014). Note that these steps were assumed separately for components and pathways. The first step involved identifying and extracting monolexemic linguistic units which were distinct and easily recognizable, such as component responses “happy”, and “joyful” and pathway responses “family” and “pets”. When participants used a phrase, judgement was deemed necessary to decide whether a phrase conveyed one or multiple thoughts. For example, the responses “others don’t put you down” or “joy in basic luxury such as running water” were judged to convey one thought and noted as individual linguistic units whereas the responses “completing something or doing something right” and “having help when needed and treated well by others” were judged to convey two thoughts and retained as distinct components. Phrases were only separated in terms of meaning, the unit largely remained original. The linguistic units preceded by attributive words, such as “lots of energy” were coded as a single item. Another perspective taken into regard for organizing data was combining identical units as one and noting down their frequencies. For example, all “games” and “watching movies” responses were written only once in the list with the frequency besides them. An elaborate reading of the text with a combined usage of word frequency tools (tools that identify the number of times each word occurs in the text) facilitated unit identification, overall. As an outcome, a total of 551 component linguistic units were reduced to 203 after deleting for duplicates, yielding an average of 4.40 components per participant (approximately 4.60 for high decile school participants and 4.00 for low decile school participants). For pathways, 565 linguistic units were reduced to 188 with each participant generating an average of 4.52 linguistic units (4.54 for low decile group and 4.50 for high decile group). After mapping out the linguistic units and preparing separate lists for components and pathways, the units were allocated to a component category. Single unique words were formed into independent categories. For example, the linguistic unit “being happy” was allocated to the category “being happy”. Items similar in grammatical form and conveying the same meaning were classified under one category. Classifying similar units together aided in avoiding redundancy. For example, “being happy” and “happiness” were treated as a single component category. Also, similar meaning words such as “cheerful” and “joyful” were assigned to the same category of “being happy”. Concerning pathways, “my pets”, “playing with my dog”, and “having animals” were categorized under a broader category of “pet ownership and attachment”. Responses such as “beach”, “sunny”, and “rain and sunlight make me feel warm and cozy” were collapsed into the category “Nature”. Responses were classified verbatim to depict adolescents’ exact thoughts and maintain authenticity of responses. For example, the unit “belief in your abilities” was categorized as “belief in your abilities”. Responses such as “feel safe”, “being loved”, and “trying new things” were categorized as is. Besides following a conservative categorizing approach (simultaneously avoiding for redundancy), literature was comprehensively reviewed to assign similar units together and keep the non-similar ones separate, thereby following a balanced approach. For instance, responses about pathways that included activities adolescents engage in their free time such as “dance”, “cooking”, and “reading” were headed under the category “hobbies/doing things that interest you”. Although an activity such as dance may potentially enhance wellbeing, a broad categorizing approach was applied on a strategic account of locating key breadth strategies from an application point of view. However, instead of collapsing pathway responses such as ‘Netflix’, “computer games”, “watching movies” to the category of hobbies/doing things that interest you, a new category of “entertainment” was created. Some components were broad to be approached as a component category, thus necessitating examination of the adjoining words in the response. For example, the unit “healthy” was judged to be a part of the category “good physical health” as it followed or preceded the words having a physical dimension such as “active and healthy” and “being healthy and fit”. For instance, ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite AuthorYear="1"><Author>Singletary</Author><Year>2014</Year><RecNum>64</RecNum><DisplayText>Singletary et al. (2014)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>64</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="d9staw09w25xauet9vjprfaursxvaet0rzd5" timestamp="1519542014">64</key><key app="ENWeb" db-id="">0</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Singletary, Joanne H.</author><author>Bartle, Craig L.</author><author>Svirydzenka, Nadzeya</author><author>Suter-Giorgini, Nicola M.</author><author>Cashmore, Annette M.</author><author>Dogra, Nisha</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Young people’s perceptions of mental and physical health in the context of general wellbeing</title><secondary-title>Health Education Journal</secondary-title></titles><pages>257-269</pages><volume>74</volume><number>3</number><dates><year>2014</year></dates><isbn>0017-8969
1748-8176</isbn><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1177/0017896914533219</electronic-resource-num></record></Cite></EndNote>Singletary et al. (2014) in their study with 13-year-olds demonstrated that “young people perceive being healthy to mean being physically healthy”.Since the participants were schoolchildren, spelling errors were apparent, along with partial word responses. Also, similar replies in terms of meaning and structure were noticed in the same response (such as “happy, excited, joyful”). Therefore, an estimated 50% of linguistic units were either associated semantically or linguistically that were classed to the same component or pathway category to avoid repetition. Judgement calls were validated by the third and fourth authors of this study and any discrepancies were resolved through discussion. Various responses were idiosyncratic: i.e., mentioned by only one participant. Any component category that was listed by less than 2% of the sample (39 components) was discarded from further analysis to reduce the burden on Study 2 participants (who had to rank the components by their perceived centrality to wellbeing). Similarly, pathway categories listed by less than 2% of the sample (47) were excluded from further analysis ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Hone</Author><Year>2015</Year><RecNum>70</RecNum><DisplayText>(Hone et al., 2015)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>70</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="d9staw09w25xauet9vjprfaursxvaet0rzd5" timestamp="1519542491">70</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Hone, L. C.</author><author>Schofield, G.</author><author>Jarden, A.</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Conceptualizations of Wellbeing: Insights from a Prototype Analysis on New Zealand Workers</title><secondary-title>New Zealand Journal of Human Resource Management</secondary-title></titles><pages>97-118</pages><volume>15</volume><number>2</number><dates><year>2015</year></dates><urls><related-urls><url>;(Hone et al., 2015).Results. REF _Ref511296871 \h Table 1 shows the 26 components of wellbeing sorted by Study 2 centrality ratings. The table displays the frequency of components (the number of times each component occurred in the text) and the participants’ listing percentage of the components. Note that how frequently each component occurred in the text was different than the percentage of participants that mentioned a component. More than 70% of the sample listed being happy as a component of wellbeing, followed by being kind/helpful (35%), and then good physical health (34%). Some components came to mind less than others. For example, being focused (2.4%), contentment/peace (3.2%), and being grateful (3.2%) were the least listed components. REF _Ref511296871 \h Table 1 also depicts the percentage of participants that listed each component in low and high school deciles. Both socioeconomic groups frequently listed being happy as a wellbeing component. While the low decile school participants listed being kind/helpful second (56%), the component moved into third place for the high decile school’s participants (22%). REF _Ref513801432 \h \* MERGEFORMAT Figure 1 shows a word cloud that illustrates the 37 pathway categories of wellbeing. The size of the text in the figure is based on the participants’ listing percentage. For the listing percentage of the pathway categories, see Table 2. More than half of the adolescents considered positive family relationships (60%) and positive friendships (55%) enhance their wellbeing. While about 34% of the participants listed physical activity/sport, 30% listed hobbies/doing things that interest you as important pathways to wellbeing. Other important pathways were nature (17%), entertainment (16%), socializing, and around positive people (13% each), pet ownership and attachment, and being kind/helpful (14% each). The mean score of the participants’ listing percentage was 10.8. With respect to the school environment, teacher support and involvement (7%) also appeared in the text together with learning (8%), school belongingness (9%), and achievement (10%). The components travel (7%), laughter/humor (7%), and relaxation (7%) had a similar listing percentage. The remaining components had a listing lower than 7%. Both school decile groups frequently listed positive family relationships, positive friendships, and physical activity/sport as important pathways to wellbeing. Discussion. Many responses were reduced to a limited number of components and pathways comparable to the results of other prototype studies PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5Ib25lPC9BdXRob3I+PFllYXI+MjAxNTwvWWVhcj48UmVj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ADDIN EN.CITE PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5Ib25lPC9BdXRob3I+PFllYXI+MjAxNTwvWWVhcj48UmVj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ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA (Hone et al., 2015; Kearns & Fincham, 2004; Weiser et al., 2014). The responses across participants were rather inconsistent and no component was listed by all 125 participants.Three components appeared most frequently in the text: being happy, being kind/helpful and good physical health. Some of these results are consistent with the Soutter and colleague’s ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite ExcludeAuth="1"><Author>Soutter</Author><Year>2012</Year><RecNum>90</RecNum><DisplayText>(2012)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>90</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="d9staw09w25xauet9vjprfaursxvaet0rzd5" timestamp="1519542491">90</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Soutter, A. K. </author><author>O’Steen, B. </author><author>Gilmore, A.</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Students’ and teachers’ perspectives on wellbeing in a senior secondary environment</title><secondary-title>Journal of Student Wellbeing</secondary-title></titles><pages>34-67</pages><volume>5</volume><number>2</number><dates><year>2012</year></dates><urls><related-urls><url>;(2012) study who demonstrated feeling well (equivalent to the components feeling good and being happy in the present study), relating well (good relationships in the present study), and having possessions (comfort/being wealthy in the present study) as components of wellbeing for 17 to 21-year-olds. Another important observation was adolescents listing of “feeling safe” in the present and previous research ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Anderson</Author><Year>2016</Year><RecNum>94</RecNum><DisplayText>(Anderson & Graham, 2016)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>94</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="d9staw09w25xauet9vjprfaursxvaet0rzd5" timestamp="1519542492">94</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Anderson, Donnah L.</author><author>Graham, Anne P.</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Improving student wellbeing: having a say at school</title><secondary-title>School Effectiveness and School Improvement</secondary-title></titles><pages>348-366</pages><volume>27</volume><number>3</number><dates><year>2016</year></dates><isbn>0924-3453
1744-5124</isbn><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1080/09243453.2015.1084336</electronic-resource-num></record></Cite></EndNote>(Anderson & Graham, 2016). Table 1Study 1 wellbeing components arranged by Study 2 centrality ratings Study 1Listing percentageStudy 2ComponentFrequency% low decile % high decile % total ParticipantsCentralityrating SD (s)Being happy13070.874.072.89.031.51Enjoyment/having fun1920.87.7912.88.801.53Feeling good2214.719.517.68.651.48Feeling safe2010.413.012.08.631.76Good mental health148.3311.710.48.471.73Being kind/helpful5456.422.135.28.361.89Belief in your abilities74.126.495.608.251.74Being respectful1927.05.1913.68.231.93Being respected/encouraged96.256.496.408.211.72Positive attitude/optimism112.0811.78.008.171.79Self-confidence72.087.795.608.121.94Good values52.083.903.208.072.04Being grateful42.083.903.208.022.06Good relationships2612.513.012.87.952.29Excitement1812.515.614.47.951.96Good physical health5022.940.333.67.802.37Good temperament/behavior2116.714.315.27.772.00Success/achievements74.126.495.607.752.27Feeling calm and relaxed96.256.496.407.741.90Contentment/peace405.193.207.701.92Sense of satisfaction92.089.096.407.152.08Energetic1510.413.012.07.122.46Being focused303.902.406.752.33Being expressive64.125.194.806.57 2.34Comfort/being wealthy82.087.795.606.112.99Absence of sadness809.095.605.582.98Figure 1Pathways to wellbeing (Colored, online only)Table 2 Pathways to WellbeingComponentOccurrence (n)% participantsPositive family relationships7560.0Positive friendships6955.2Physical activity/sport4233.6Hobbies/doing things that interest you3829.6Nature2116.8Entertainment2016.0Being kind/helpful2013.6Pet ownership and attachment1713.6Socializing1712.8Around positive people1812.8Eating healthily1512.0Achievement129.60School belongingness118.80Learning108.00Good physical health108.00Travel97.20Laughter/humor97.20Relaxation97.20Being happy97.20Perceived teacher support97.20Being encouraged86.40Having fun75.60Being at home64.80Being loved64.80Healthy environment54.00Technology74.00Feeling safe43.20Trying new things43.20Community53.20Work enjoyment43.20Presents/surprises53.20Religion43.20Group membership32.40Being respected/valued32.40Positive thinking32.40Appreciation32.40Perceived social support32.40Components of wellbeing not previously identified were also evident. For example, components being kind/helpful, good values, good temperament/behavior, being focused, and enjoyment/having fun are unique to the 11 to 13-year-old’s concept of wellbeing and not specified in the current academic models. The non-appearance of these components in academic models suggests that adolescents have a broad characterization of wellbeing.Both socioeconomic groups substantially listed being happy, good physical health, and being kind/helpful as components of wellbeing. However, the listing percentages of some components such as good physical health, enjoyment/having fun, and being respectful greatly varied. Specifically, low socioeconomic group recollected good physical health considerably less than the high socioeconomic group whereas high socioeconomic group did not list enjoyment/having fun as much as the low socioeconomic group. Hence, some influence of socioeconomic status in the recall of wellbeing components was evident, which was further tested in Study 2. Overall, the prototype of wellbeing includes beliefs, feelings, and actions. Participants listed cognitive states, mindsets, and beliefs such as contentment/peace, belief in your abilities, and positive attitude/optimism. Interestingly, many ‘behaviors’ were perceived as components of wellbeing such as being kind/helpful. Emotive states and feelings were also listed by the participants such as being happy and feeling good. Of importance is the holistic amalgamation of hedonic, eudaimonic, physical, social, and spiritual aspects in adolescents’ perception of wellbeing comparable to ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite AuthorYear="1"><Author>Durie</Author><Year>1985</Year><RecNum>84</RecNum><DisplayText>Durie (1985)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>84</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="d9staw09w25xauet9vjprfaursxvaet0rzd5" timestamp="1519542491">84</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Durie, M</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>A Maori Perspective of Health</title><secondary-title>Social Science & Medicine</secondary-title></titles><pages>483-486</pages><volume>20</volume><number>5</number><dates><year>1985</year></dates><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1016/0277-9536(85)90363-6</electronic-resource-num></record></Cite></EndNote>Durie (1985) Te Whare Tapa Whā model of health.The most listed pathway to wellbeing was positive family relationships followed by positive friendships and physical activity/sport. These findings resonate with wellbeing promotion models such as the Geelong Grammar School model ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Norrish</Author><Year>2013</Year><RecNum>85</RecNum><DisplayText>(Norrish et al., 2013)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>85</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="d9staw09w25xauet9vjprfaursxvaet0rzd5" timestamp="1519542491">85</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Norrish, J. M.</author><author>Williams, P.</author><author>O’Connor, M.</author><author>Robinson</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>An applied framework for positive education</title><secondary-title>International Journal of Wellbeing</secondary-title></titles><pages>147-161</pages><volume>3</volume><number>2</number><dates><year>2013</year></dates><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.5502/ijw.v3i2.2 </electronic-resource-num></record></Cite></EndNote>(Norrish et al., 2013). The government frameworks that identify five evidence-based pathways to wellbeing ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Mental Health Foundation of New Zealand</Author><Year>2018</Year><RecNum>170</RecNum><DisplayText>(Aked et al., 2008; Mental Health Foundation of New Zealand, 2018)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>170</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="d9staw09w25xauet9vjprfaursxvaet0rzd5" timestamp="1519568131">170</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Web Page">12</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Mental Health Foundation of New Zealand,</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>.nz</auth-address><titles><title>Mental Health – Wellbeing</title></titles><volume>2018</volume><number>13 February </number><dates><year>2018</year></dates><urls><related-urls><url> app="EN" db-id="d9staw09w25xauet9vjprfaursxvaet0rzd5" timestamp="1523232529">781</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Government Document">46</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Aked, J.</author><author>Marks, N.</author><author>Cordon, C.</author><author>Thompson, S.</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Five ways to well-being </title></titles><dates><year>2008</year></dates><publisher>nef (new economics foundation)</publisher><urls><related-urls><url>;(Aked et al., 2008; Mental Health Foundation of New Zealand, 2018) are also reflected in the current study in the following ways: Connect (similar to positive friendships, positive family relationships, and socializing in the current study), Give (similar to being kind and helpful), Be active (similar to physical activity/sport), Take Notice (similar to nature), and Keep Learning (similar to hobbies/doing things that interest you, learning, trying new things). Surprisingly, adolescents did not list some of the recent pathways to wellbeing (e.g., mindfulness and gratitude) as discussed by wellbeing researchers. For example, ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite AuthorYear="1"><Author>Norrish</Author><Year>2015</Year><RecNum>114</RecNum><DisplayText>Norrish (2015)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>114</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="d9staw09w25xauet9vjprfaursxvaet0rzd5" timestamp="1519562763">114</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Book">6</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Norrish, Jacolyn</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Positive education: The Geelong Grammar School journey</title></titles><keywords><keyword>positive education, Geelong Grammar School, positive psychology, teaching approaches, educational practitioners</keyword><keyword>*Elementary Education</keyword><keyword>*Positive Psychology</keyword><keyword>*Teaching Methods</keyword><keyword>Educational Personnel</keyword><keyword>Well Being</keyword><keyword>Curriculum & Programs & Teaching Methods [3530]</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2015</year></dates><pub-location>New York, USA</pub-location><publisher>Oxford University Press</publisher><isbn>9780198702580</isbn><urls><related-urls><url> (2015) discusses the robust influence of mindfulness programs and gratitude exercises on adolescents. Perhaps, adolescents were uninformed about the power of these abstract concepts in transforming their life, and thus, they focused more on tangible pathways to wellbeing, which are clear-cut and straightforward to their understanding, rather than intangible pathways to wellbeing. Study 2: Centrality Ratings of Wellbeing ComponentsThe objective of Study 2 was to determine the centrality of Study 1 components. If a concept possesses a prototypical structure, the individuals should not only be able to list the components of a concept but also rate how central or peripheral each component is to their concept of wellbeing with substantial agreement on these ratings. A different group of participants, thus, judged how important or unimportant each component was to their concept of wellbeing and their judgments were examined for agreement. Impact of socioeconomic decile on wellbeing components’ centrality ratings was also examined. Participants.The sample was comprised of 122 intermediate school students (65 boys and 57 girls) from grade 7 (39%) and grade 8 (61%) of age 11 (32%), 12 (57%) and 13 (11%). Thirty four percent participated from low decile school (42) and 66% (80) from a high decile school. Approximately 56% were of European background, 13% were Māori and 12% were Pacific Islanders. Some participants indicated that they were Asian (7%) or African (2%). About 10% of participants reported that they were of mixed ethnic background (including reports of Māori European, Pacific Māori or Pacific European). Procedure. Participants filled in the registration details and accessed the online survey. Participants were given the following verbal and on-screen instructions within the school hours ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Hone</Author><Year>2015</Year><RecNum>70</RecNum><Prefix>adapted from </Prefix><DisplayText>(adapted from Hone et al., 2015)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>70</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="d9staw09w25xauet9vjprfaursxvaet0rzd5" timestamp="1519542491">70</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Hone, L. C.</author><author>Schofield, G.</author><author>Jarden, A.</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Conceptualizations of Wellbeing: Insights from a Prototype Analysis on New Zealand Workers</title><secondary-title>New Zealand Journal of Human Resource Management</secondary-title></titles><pages>97-118</pages><volume>15</volume><number>2</number><dates><year>2015</year></dates><urls><related-urls><url>;(adapted from Hone et al., 2015): In a previous study, we asked students of your school level to list the components of wellbeing that came to their mind when they thought of the word wellbeing. On the next page, you will read the responses of the students in our earlier study in alphabetical order. After reading each one, please rate how important or less important you think each component is to your understanding of wellbeing by clicking a number between 0 (an extremely poor component of wellbeing) to 10 (an extremely good component of wellbeing).Analysis.Two measures provided evidence for the reliability of the means of ratings of 26 components. First, the intra-class correlation coefficient was calculated, which is equivalent to the mean of all possible split-half correlations of the 122 judges with respect to 26 components (ICC = .910, p < .000, average measures), which showed excellent inter-rater reliability. Second, the data matrix was flipped (26 components were treated as cases and 122 participants as items) which also indicated an exceptionally high internal consistency of the ratings (α = 0.964). Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient was computed to examine the relationship between Study 1 listing percentage and Study 2 centrality ratings. A Mann-Whitney test was also conducted to examine whether school decile influences the mean centrality ratings of 26 components.Results. REF _Ref511296871 \h Table 1 shows the mean centrality ratings of the components in descending order. The correlation between centrality ratings in Study 2 and participants’ listing percentage in Study 1 was moderately positive (rs (rho)= 0.522, p < .01 one-tailed). Nearly half of the components were listed frequently and given high centrality ratings (e.g., being happy), whereas some components that were frequently mentioned in Study 1 received a relatively lower centrality rating in Study 2 (e.g., good physical health). REF _Ref513800640 \h \* MERGEFORMAT Figure 1 shows a scatterplot graph illustrating the relationship between Study 1 and Study 2 component rankings. For example, feeling good was ranked third in Study 2 but fourth in Study 1. Significant differences exist in mean centrality ratings of five components as a function of school decile. Specifically, individuals in low socioeconomic group considered the following components as more central for wellbeing than high socioeconomic group: being focused (8.00, 7.00, p = 0.00500, r = 0.260), comfort/wealthy (7.50, 6.00, p = 0.00400, r = 0.260), good physical health (10.00, 8.00, p = 0.00100, r = 0.300), good values (10.00, 8.00, p = 0.00500, r = 0.250), and success/achievements (9.00, 8.00, p = 0.00400, r = 0.260). As per the ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite AuthorYear="1"><Author>Cohen</Author><Year>1988</Year><RecNum>162</RecNum><DisplayText>Cohen (1988)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>162</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="d9staw09w25xauet9vjprfaursxvaet0rzd5" timestamp="1519565886">162</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Book">6</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Cohen, J.W.</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences</title></titles><edition>2nd</edition><dates><year>1988</year></dates><pub-location>Hillsdale, NJ</pub-location><publisher>Lawrence Erlbaum Associates</publisher><isbn>SPSS Manual Julie Pallant</isbn><urls></urls></record></Cite></EndNote>Cohen (1988) criteria ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Pallant</Author><Year>2013</Year><RecNum>89</RecNum><Prefix>as cited in </Prefix><DisplayText>(as cited in Pallant, 2013)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>89</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="d9staw09w25xauet9vjprfaursxvaet0rzd5" timestamp="1519542491">89</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Electronic Book Section">60</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Pallant, J</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Statistical techniques to compare groups</title><secondary-title>SPSS survival manual : a step by step guide to data analysis using IBM SPSS</secondary-title></titles><pages>227-230</pages><edition>5th </edition><dates><year>2013</year></dates><pub-location>England </pub-location><publisher>McGraw Hill</publisher><isbn>ISBN 9780335242405</isbn><urls></urls><custom1>5</custom1><remote-database-name>ProQuest Central</remote-database-name></record></Cite></EndNote>(as cited in Pallant, 2013), good physical health was associated with a ‘medium’ effect size. Discussion. Adolescents perceive some wellbeing components as more central than others, thereby fulfilling the first condition for ascertaining a concept’s prototypical structure. For example, enjoyment and being kind/helpful received higher ratings than the absence of sadness and comfort/being wealthy components, which were less prototypical of wellbeing. Some disparities were apparent in Study 1 and Study 2 data that could be attributable to the distinct cognitive processes associated with listing and rating components ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Fehr</Author><Year>1988</Year><RecNum>80</RecNum><DisplayText>(Fehr, 1988)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>80</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="d9staw09w25xauet9vjprfaursxvaet0rzd5" timestamp="1519542491">80</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Fehr, B</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Prototype analysis of the concepts of love and commitment</title><secondary-title>Journal of Personality and Social Psychology</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Journal of Personality and Social Psychology</full-title><abbr-1>JPSP</abbr-1></periodical><pages>557-579</pages><volume>55</volume><number>4</number><dates><year>1988</year></dates><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1037/0022-3514.55.4.557</electronic-resource-num></record></Cite></EndNote>(Fehr, 1988). The way we recall something requires different heuristics than rating a predetermined list, which is consistent with the prototype research ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Kearns</Author><Year>2004</Year><RecNum>50</RecNum><DisplayText>(Kearns & Fincham, 2004)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>50</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="d9staw09w25xauet9vjprfaursxvaet0rzd5" timestamp="1519541955">50</key><key app="ENWeb" db-id="">0</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Kearns, J. N.</author><author>Fincham, F. D.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Psychology Department, University at Buffalo, NY 14260, USA. jkearns@acsu.buffalo.edu</auth-address><titles><title>A prototype analysis of forgiveness</title><secondary-title>Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin</secondary-title></titles><pages>838-55</pages><volume>30</volume><number>7</number><keywords><keyword>Adult</keyword><keyword>Attitude</keyword><keyword>Concept Formation</keyword><keyword>Empathy</keyword><keyword>Female</keyword><keyword>Guilt</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Interpersonal Relations</keyword><keyword>*Judgment</keyword><keyword>Male</keyword><keyword>*Models, Psychological</keyword><keyword>Semantics</keyword><keyword>Terminology as Topic</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2004</year><pub-dates><date>Jul</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>0146-1672 (Print)
0146-1672 (Linking)</isbn><accession-num>15200691</accession-num><urls><related-urls><url>;(Kearns & Fincham, 2004). Finally, school decile significantly impacted the ratings of five components, however, the differences in perceptions were not significant for 21 components. Thus, adolescents with different socioeconomic status mostly have parallel perceptions about wellbeing components with unique variations regarding certain aspects, such as comfort/being wealthy. Study 3: Impact of Component’s Centrality on Perception of Wellbeing The first two studies fulfilled the first condition of prototype analysis procedure and Study 3 tested the second and final condition: Whether components’ centrality has an impact on participants’ understanding of wellbeing? We hypothesized that (if wellbeing is prototypically organized) central components must be perceived as more representative of the concept of wellbeing than peripheral components. The interaction between school decile and component centrality on the perception of wellbeing was also tested. To address the aim, a different sample was presented with descriptions of two imaginary persons depicting the central and peripheral components of wellbeing identified in Study 2. Participants.Participants were 114 New Zealand adolescents (60 boys and 54 girls) from a low decile (37%,42) and high decile (63%, 72) Auckland intermediate school. Approximately 41% of the participants were from grade 7 and 59% from grade 8. Participants were of different ethnic backgrounds including Māori (12%), Pacific (17%) and New Zealand European (55%). Some reported themselves as Asian (11%) and others as African/Middle Eastern (2%). The remaining identified themselves as of mixed ethnicities (3%). Age of the participants was 12 (58%), 11 (28%) and 13 (14%) years. Figure SEQ Figure \* ARABIC 1. Components’ ranking correlation between Study 1 (listing phase) and Study 2 (centrality phase) Colored: online onlyProcedure. For using central and peripheral components of wellbeing in writing the scenarios, a procedure of median split was applied to divide the Study 2 centrality ratings into central and peripheral categories consistent with other prototype analysis studies. Centrality ratings higher than 7.98 (median of the 26 ratings) were considered central, and the ratings lower than this value were considered peripheral (See REF _Ref511296871 \h Table 1 for reference). Even though essential for the current study, the authors acknowledge that centrality is continuous and such demarcation is artificial ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Lambert</Author><Year>2009</Year><RecNum>107</RecNum><DisplayText>(Lambert et al., 2009)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>107</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="d9staw09w25xauet9vjprfaursxvaet0rzd5" timestamp="1519542492">107</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Lambert, N. M.</author><author>Graham, S. M.</author><author>Fincham, F. D.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA. nlambert@fsu.edu</auth-address><titles><title>A prototype analysis of gratitude: varieties of gratitude experiences</title><secondary-title>Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin</secondary-title></titles><pages>1193-207</pages><volume>35</volume><number>9</number><keywords><keyword>Adolescent</keyword><keyword>Adult</keyword><keyword>*Affect</keyword><keyword>Altruism</keyword><keyword>*Concept Formation</keyword><keyword>Empathy</keyword><keyword>Female</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Imagination</keyword><keyword>Interpersonal Relations</keyword><keyword>Judgment</keyword><keyword>Male</keyword><keyword>Mental Recall</keyword><keyword>Narration</keyword><keyword>*Social Behavior</keyword><keyword>Young Adult</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2009</year><pub-dates><date>Sep</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>0146-1672 (Print)
0146-1672 (Linking)</isbn><accession-num>19581434</accession-num><urls><related-urls><url>;(Lambert et al., 2009). Based on the median, the participants were presented with two imaginary scenarios describing central (Sam’s scenario) and peripheral (Laura’s scenario) components of wellbeing. Mean centrality scores of central and peripheral components were 8.38 and 7.22 respectively. Sam’s wellbeing: Sam is happy and feels good. He is known for his kindness and helpful nature. When he is at school, he believes in his abilities to accomplish his set goals. When he is not at school, he engages in fun activities that he likes for the sake of his enjoyment. In general, he feels emotionally and physically safe at his school and at his home. What’s more, his school counsellor recently informed him that he has good mental health.Laura’s wellbeing: Laura is energetic. She does not feel sad. Being expressive by nature, she likes interacting with her classmates during class discussions. She experiences a sense of satisfaction when she focuses on her school work. Although she is from a wealthy family and leads a comfortable life, she finds contentment and peace in life’s small blessings.Participants were instructed to rate how closely each scenario matched with their concept of wellbeing by clicking a number on an eleven-point scale (0 = extremely poor match to 10 = extremely good match). Analysis.The generalized linear mixed model was used to quantify the associations between centrality/decile and perceptions of wellbeing. Since scale variables were utilized with the dependent variable being numeric, the probability distribution was normal. Identity link function was used because the distribution was left-skewed. The analyses were conducted using IBM SPSS Statistics 24.0.Results. The central scenario (Sam’s mean = 8.00) was rated higher than the peripheral scenario (Laura’s mean = 7.26). The association between centrality and scenario selection was significant (p = 0.0370). The Decile × Centrality (central or peripheral) interaction was also significant (p = 0.0300). In other words, the central scenario was more closely associated with the representation of wellbeing than peripheral scenario. The association between the selection of the scenarios and component centrality was moderated by school decile. REF _Ref511297505 \h \* MERGEFORMAT Table 3 shows the descriptive statistics for the two scenarios. Table SEQ Table \* ARABIC 3Descriptive statistics for the imaginary wellbeing scenarios as per school decileSchool decileScenarioNMSDMdInterquartile rangeHigh decileSam (central)728.251.428.001Laura (peripheral)727.071.927.003Low decileSam (central)427.572.669.005Laura (peripheral)427.602.277.504Discussion. Our findings suggest that wellbeing is prototypically organized in adolescents. Comparisons of the medians in REF _Ref511297505 \h \* MERGEFORMAT Table 3 also show that both low and high socioeconomic decile participants rated the central scenario higher than the peripheral scenario. Because the school decile moderated the relationship between the selection of the scenario and centrality, it seems apparent that central components of wellbeing and decile-specific perceptions are not mutually exclusive. General Discussion and ImplicationsThis is one of the first studies that systematically determined 11-13-year-olds’ perspectives of components and pathways regarding wellbeing via prototype analysis and examined the influence of socioeconomic decile on these perceptions. The findings may be a guide for those engaged in the assessment and promotion of adolescents’ wellbeing. Is Wellbeing Prototypically Organized in Adolescents?Wellbeing is prototypically organized in adolescents. In other words, some components of wellbeing are considered more central than others. For example, enjoyment is more central to adolescents’ concept of wellbeing than a sense of satisfaction. Participants could freely list, and rate wellbeing components and components’ centrality significantly affected their perception of wellbeing. Hence, the research fulfilled the two conditions stated by ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite AuthorYear="1"><Author>Rosch</Author><Year>1975</Year><RecNum>88</RecNum><DisplayText>Rosch (1975)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>88</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="d9staw09w25xauet9vjprfaursxvaet0rzd5" timestamp="1519542491">88</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Rosch, E</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Cognitive representations of semantic categories</title><secondary-title>Journal of experimental psychology</secondary-title></titles><pages>192-233</pages><volume>104</volume><number>3</number><dates><year>1975</year></dates><accession-num>1976-00172-001</accession-num><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1037/0096-3445.104.3.192</electronic-resource-num></record></Cite></EndNote>Rosch (1975) in demonstrating a concept’s prototype structure. The finding extends to a body of work with New Zealand’s workers that is evidence of the prototypical structure of wellbeing ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Hone</Author><Year>2015</Year><RecNum>70</RecNum><DisplayText>(Hone et al., 2015)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>70</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="d9staw09w25xauet9vjprfaursxvaet0rzd5" timestamp="1519542491">70</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Hone, L. C.</author><author>Schofield, G.</author><author>Jarden, A.</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Conceptualizations of Wellbeing: Insights from a Prototype Analysis on New Zealand Workers</title><secondary-title>New Zealand Journal of Human Resource Management</secondary-title></titles><pages>97-118</pages><volume>15</volume><number>2</number><dates><year>2015</year></dates><urls><related-urls><url>;(Hone et al., 2015). Having a prototype structure of wellbeing entails that wellbeing assessment should take into regard a “fuzzy” ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Lambert</Author><Year>2009</Year><RecNum>107</RecNum><Suffix>`, p. 1195</Suffix><DisplayText>(Lambert et al., 2009, p. 1195)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>107</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="d9staw09w25xauet9vjprfaursxvaet0rzd5" timestamp="1519542492">107</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Lambert, N. M.</author><author>Graham, S. M.</author><author>Fincham, F. D.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA. nlambert@fsu.edu</auth-address><titles><title>A prototype analysis of gratitude: varieties of gratitude experiences</title><secondary-title>Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin</secondary-title></titles><pages>1193-207</pages><volume>35</volume><number>9</number><keywords><keyword>Adolescent</keyword><keyword>Adult</keyword><keyword>*Affect</keyword><keyword>Altruism</keyword><keyword>*Concept Formation</keyword><keyword>Empathy</keyword><keyword>Female</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>Imagination</keyword><keyword>Interpersonal Relations</keyword><keyword>Judgment</keyword><keyword>Male</keyword><keyword>Mental Recall</keyword><keyword>Narration</keyword><keyword>*Social Behavior</keyword><keyword>Young Adult</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2009</year><pub-dates><date>Sep</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>0146-1672 (Print)
0146-1672 (Linking)</isbn><accession-num>19581434</accession-num><urls><related-urls><url>;(Lambert et al., 2009, p. 1195) presence or absence of central components instead of requiring components with an all or none phenomena (for e.g., Keyes, 2005 model require diagnosis of wellbeing with a necessary and sufficient criteria). Do Adolescents’ Perceptions of Wellbeing Components Correspond with Academic Models and New Zealand Adults’ Conceptualizations?Since wellbeing is prototypically structured, adolescents’ wellbeing conceptualizations include central components such as being happy, enjoyment/having fun, and feeling good, and peripheral components, such as comfort/being wealthy and contentment/peace. These results suggest that adolescents’ perceptions of central components of wellbeing are quite distinct than New Zealand adults’ wellbeing perceptions (which are good physical health, work-life balance, feeling valued, and good relationships) ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Hone</Author><Year>2015</Year><RecNum>70</RecNum><Prefix>for a review read </Prefix><DisplayText>(for a review read Hone et al., 2015)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>70</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="d9staw09w25xauet9vjprfaursxvaet0rzd5" timestamp="1519542491">70</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Hone, L. C.</author><author>Schofield, G.</author><author>Jarden, A.</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Conceptualizations of Wellbeing: Insights from a Prototype Analysis on New Zealand Workers</title><secondary-title>New Zealand Journal of Human Resource Management</secondary-title></titles><pages>97-118</pages><volume>15</volume><number>2</number><dates><year>2015</year></dates><urls><related-urls><url>;(for a review read Hone et al., 2015). Based on social acceptability and contextual fit of interventions, therefore, wellbeing practitioners should be careful about the selection of elements of their interventions for adolescents ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Horner</Author><Year>2014</Year><RecNum>893</RecNum><DisplayText>(Horner et al., 2014; Marchant et al., 2012)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>893</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="d9staw09w25xauet9vjprfaursxvaet0rzd5" timestamp="1537698447">893</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Government Document">46</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Horner, R.</author><author>Blitz, C.</author><author>Ross, S.W.</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>The importance of contextual fit when implementing evidence-based interventions</title></titles><dates><year>2014</year></dates><pub-location>Washington, DC</pub-location><publisher>Office of the Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation Office of Human
Services Policy</publisher><urls></urls></record></Cite><Cite><Author>Marchant</Author><Year>2012</Year><RecNum>883</RecNum><record><rec-number>883</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="d9staw09w25xauet9vjprfaursxvaet0rzd5" timestamp="1537623314">883</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Marchant, Michelle</author><author>Heath, Melissa Allen</author><author>Miramontes, Nancy Y.</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Merging Empiricism and Humanism: Role of Social Validity in the School-Wide Positive Behavior Support Model</title><secondary-title>Journal of Positive Behavior Interventions</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Journal of Positive Behavior Interventions</full-title></periodical><pages>221-230</pages><volume>15</volume><number>4</number><dates><year>2012</year><pub-dates><date>2013/10/01</date></pub-dates></dates><publisher>SAGE Publications</publisher><isbn>1098-3007</isbn><urls><related-urls><url>;(Horner et al., 2014; Marchant et al., 2012). For example, researchers have cautioned wellbeing researchers against overgeneralizing the inferences drawn from research on adults to adolescents ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Blaskova</Author><Year>2017</Year><RecNum>159</RecNum><DisplayText>(Blaskova & McLellan, 2017)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>159</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="d9staw09w25xauet9vjprfaursxvaet0rzd5" timestamp="1519564197">159</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Blaskova, J. L.</author><author>McLellan, Ros</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Young people’s perceptions of wellbeing: The importance of peer relationships in Slovak schools</title><secondary-title>International Journal of School & Educational Psychology</secondary-title></titles><pages>1-13</pages><dates><year>2017</year></dates><publisher>Routledge</publisher><isbn>2168-3603</isbn><urls><related-urls><url>;(Blaskova & McLellan, 2017).Results were assessed to examine how the central components are aligned with the popular academic models, which demonstrated partial alignment. As adolescents’ prototype of wellbeing is wide-ranging (including emotions, behaviors, and cognitive states), we can say that adolescents consider wellbeing as a multidimensional concept. Even wellbeing experts have shown consensus over the multidimensional nature of wellbeing ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Huppert</Author><Year>2013</Year><RecNum>44</RecNum><DisplayText>(Huppert & So, 2013)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>44</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="d9staw09w25xauet9vjprfaursxvaet0rzd5" timestamp="1519541931">44</key><key app="ENWeb" db-id="">0</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Huppert, F. A.</author><author>So, T. T.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Well-Being Institute & Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Box 189, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, CB2 2QQ UK.</auth-address><titles><title>Flourishing Across Europe: Application of a New Conceptual Framework for Defining Well-Being</title><secondary-title>Social Indicators Research</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Social Indicators Research</full-title><abbr-1>Soc. Indic. Res.</abbr-1><abbr-2>Soc Indic Res</abbr-2></periodical><pages>837-861</pages><volume>110</volume><number>3</number><dates><year>2013</year><pub-dates><date>Feb</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>0303-8300 (Print)
0303-8300 (Linking)</isbn><accession-num>23329863</accession-num><urls><related-urls><url>;(Huppert & So, 2013). With regards to the components of wellbeing, however, some differences were observed. While some central components correspond to the researchers’ definitions of wellbeing, others are merely recognized as correlates of wellbeing rather than as components. For example, in terms of similarities, components such as being happy, feeling good, and good mental health have support from the hedonic and eudaimonic approaches to wellbeing ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Huppert</Author><Year>2013</Year><RecNum>44</RecNum><DisplayText>(Huppert & So, 2013)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>44</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="d9staw09w25xauet9vjprfaursxvaet0rzd5" timestamp="1519541931">44</key><key app="ENWeb" db-id="">0</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Huppert, F. A.</author><author>So, T. T.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Well-Being Institute & Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Box 189, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, CB2 2QQ UK.</auth-address><titles><title>Flourishing Across Europe: Application of a New Conceptual Framework for Defining Well-Being</title><secondary-title>Social Indicators Research</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Social Indicators Research</full-title><abbr-1>Soc. Indic. Res.</abbr-1><abbr-2>Soc Indic Res</abbr-2></periodical><pages>837-861</pages><volume>110</volume><number>3</number><dates><year>2013</year><pub-dates><date>Feb</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>0303-8300 (Print)
0303-8300 (Linking)</isbn><accession-num>23329863</accession-num><urls><related-urls><url>;(Huppert & So, 2013). Contrarily, some components such as being kind/helpful have not been recognized as exclusive components in academic models but have been shown to impact wellbeing positively ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Layous</Author><Year>2012</Year><RecNum>108</RecNum><Prefix>for e.g.`, </Prefix><Suffix> studied kindness and wellbeing</Suffix><DisplayText>(for e.g., Layous, Nelson, Oberle, Schonert-Reichl, & Lyubomirsky, 2012 studied kindness and wellbeing)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>108</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="d9staw09w25xauet9vjprfaursxvaet0rzd5" timestamp="1519542492">108</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Layous, K.</author><author>Nelson, S. K.</author><author>Oberle, E.</author><author>Schonert-Reichl, K. A.</author><author>Lyubomirsky, S.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Department of Psychology, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA. klayo001@ucr.edu</auth-address><titles><title>Kindness counts: prompting prosocial behavior in preadolescents boosts peer acceptance and well-being</title><secondary-title>PLoS One</secondary-title></titles><pages>e51380</pages><volume>7</volume><number>12</number><keywords><keyword>Child</keyword><keyword>Female</keyword><keyword>Humans</keyword><keyword>*Interpersonal Relations</keyword><keyword>Longitudinal Studies</keyword><keyword>Male</keyword><keyword>*Peer Group</keyword><keyword>*Personality Development</keyword><keyword>*Social Behavior</keyword><keyword>Sociometric Techniques</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2012</year></dates><isbn>1932-6203 (Electronic)
1932-6203 (Linking)</isbn><accession-num>23300546</accession-num><urls><related-urls><url>;(for e.g., Layous, Nelson, Oberle, Schonert-Reichl, & Lyubomirsky, 2012 studied kindness and wellbeing). While kindness has been discussed as a cornerstone of positive relationships in Seligman’s (2011) model, results indicate that adolescents regard kindness and positive relationships as separate components and perceive kindness as more important to their concept of wellbeing. Likewise, feeling safe and enjoyment/having fun components are absent from wellbeing models irrespective of their presence in government frameworks of wellbeing ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Canadian Institute for Health Information</Author><Year>2009</Year><RecNum>72</RecNum><DisplayText>(Canadian Institute for Health Information, 2009; Education Review Office, 2015)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>72</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="d9staw09w25xauet9vjprfaursxvaet0rzd5" timestamp="1519542491">72</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Government Document">46</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Canadian Institute for Health Information,</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Improving the Health of Canadians: Exploring Positive Mental Health</title></titles><pages>5-10</pages><dates><year>2009</year></dates><pub-location>Ottawa</pub-location><urls><related-urls><url> Institute for Health Information</custom1></record></Cite><Cite><Author>Education Review Office</Author><Year>2015</Year><RecNum>86</RecNum><record><rec-number>86</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="d9staw09w25xauet9vjprfaursxvaet0rzd5" timestamp="1519542491">86</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Government Document">46</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Education Review Office,</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Wellbeing for success: a resource for schools</title></titles><dates><year>2015</year></dates><pub-location>Wellington, New Zealand</pub-location><publisher>Education Review Office</publisher><urls><related-urls><url>;(Canadian Institute for Health Information, 2009; Education Review Office, 2015). Adolescents also mentioned being respected/encouraged and being respectful as crucial components of wellbeing equivalent to the results of ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite AuthorYear="1"><Author>Anderson</Author><Year>2016</Year><RecNum>94</RecNum><DisplayText>Anderson and Graham (2016)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>94</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="d9staw09w25xauet9vjprfaursxvaet0rzd5" timestamp="1519542492">94</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Anderson, Donnah L.</author><author>Graham, Anne P.</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Improving student wellbeing: having a say at school</title><secondary-title>School Effectiveness and School Improvement</secondary-title></titles><pages>348-366</pages><volume>27</volume><number>3</number><dates><year>2016</year></dates><isbn>0924-3453
1744-5124</isbn><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1080/09243453.2015.1084336</electronic-resource-num></record></Cite></EndNote>Anderson and Graham (2016) study. The domain of respect has a social connotation to it; thus, researchers could further investigate the influence of these social aspects on adolescents’ wellbeing perceptions. The component belief in your abilities was identified to be present in only one model of adolescent wellbeing ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Renshaw</Author><Year>2014</Year><RecNum>892</RecNum><DisplayText>(Renshaw et al., 2014)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>892</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="d9staw09w25xauet9vjprfaursxvaet0rzd5" timestamp="1537696929">892</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Book Section">5</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Renshaw, Tyler L.</author><author>Furlong, Michael J.</author><author>Dowdy, Erin</author><author>Rebelez, Jennica</author><author>Smith, Douglas C.</author><author>O'Malley, Meagan D.</author><author>Lee, Seung-Yeon</author><author>Str?m, Ida Frug?rd</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Covitality: A synergistic conception of adolescents' mental health</title><secondary-title>Handbook of positive psychology in schools, 2nd ed.</secondary-title><tertiary-title>Educational psychology handbook series.</tertiary-title></titles><pages>12-32</pages><keywords><keyword>*Adolescent Development</keyword><keyword>*Mental Health</keyword><keyword>*Personality Measures</keyword><keyword>*Personality Traits</keyword><keyword>Positivism</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2014</year></dates><pub-location>New York, NY, US</pub-location><publisher>Routledge/Taylor & Francis Group</publisher><urls></urls></record></Cite></EndNote>(Renshaw et al., 2014). In sum, current models do not fully address what adolescents perceive to be part of wellbeing.It is also interesting to note that the aspects normally observed in academic models such as meaning and purpose ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Huppert</Author><Year>2013</Year><RecNum>44</RecNum><DisplayText>(Huppert & So, 2013)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>44</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="d9staw09w25xauet9vjprfaursxvaet0rzd5" timestamp="1519541931">44</key><key app="ENWeb" db-id="">0</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Huppert, F. A.</author><author>So, T. T.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>Well-Being Institute & Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Box 189, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, CB2 2QQ UK.</auth-address><titles><title>Flourishing Across Europe: Application of a New Conceptual Framework for Defining Well-Being</title><secondary-title>Social Indicators Research</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Social Indicators Research</full-title><abbr-1>Soc. Indic. Res.</abbr-1><abbr-2>Soc Indic Res</abbr-2></periodical><pages>837-861</pages><volume>110</volume><number>3</number><dates><year>2013</year><pub-dates><date>Feb</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>0303-8300 (Print)
0303-8300 (Linking)</isbn><accession-num>23329863</accession-num><urls><related-urls><url>;(Huppert & So, 2013) were not listed by adolescents. Furthermore, while adolescents stated some ‘behaviors’ as the components of wellbeing, most measures of wellbeing are cognitive and emotional, and hardly any ask about ‘behaviors’ (such as being kind/helpful). Hence, formulating a broader definition of wellbeing customized to the adolescents’ perspectives as outlined in this research is recommended (comprising of components absent from academic models, such as enjoyment/having fun, feeling safe, being kind/helpful, being respectful, and being respected). However, by suggesting a broader definition we do not imply that experts disregard their own judgments. We are suggesting that adolescents’ perceptions of wellbeing should inform the researcher’s models which may also clarify the understanding of the concept of wellbeing for researchers. How Adolescents’ Perceptions of Pathways to Wellbeing Correspond with Current Research and Models?Most frequently listed pathways to wellbeing provide further evidence of the relevance of existing strategies in promoting adolescents’ wellbeing. For example, positive relationships, physical activity, engaging in leisure pursuits/hobbies, being kind/helpful are indispensable aspects of the current wellbeing promotion models ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Aked</Author><Year>2008</Year><RecNum>781</RecNum><DisplayText>(Aked et al., 2008; Norrish, 2015)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>781</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="d9staw09w25xauet9vjprfaursxvaet0rzd5" timestamp="1523232529">781</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Government Document">46</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Aked, J.</author><author>Marks, N.</author><author>Cordon, C.</author><author>Thompson, S.</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Five ways to well-being </title></titles><dates><year>2008</year></dates><publisher>nef (new economics foundation)</publisher><urls><related-urls><url> app="EN" db-id="d9staw09w25xauet9vjprfaursxvaet0rzd5" timestamp="1519562763">114</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Book">6</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Norrish, Jacolyn</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Positive education: The Geelong Grammar School journey</title></titles><keywords><keyword>positive education, Geelong Grammar School, positive psychology, teaching approaches, educational practitioners</keyword><keyword>*Elementary Education</keyword><keyword>*Positive Psychology</keyword><keyword>*Teaching Methods</keyword><keyword>Educational Personnel</keyword><keyword>Well Being</keyword><keyword>Curriculum & Programs & Teaching Methods [3530]</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2015</year></dates><pub-location>New York, USA</pub-location><publisher>Oxford University Press</publisher><isbn>9780198702580</isbn><urls><related-urls><url>;(Aked et al., 2008; Norrish, 2015) and we further reinforce their significance in promoting wellbeing. These results correspond to the New Zealand workers’ prototype research ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Hone</Author><Year>2015</Year><RecNum>70</RecNum><Prefix>for a review see </Prefix><DisplayText>(for a review see Hone et al., 2015)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>70</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="d9staw09w25xauet9vjprfaursxvaet0rzd5" timestamp="1519542491">70</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Hone, L. C.</author><author>Schofield, G.</author><author>Jarden, A.</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Conceptualizations of Wellbeing: Insights from a Prototype Analysis on New Zealand Workers</title><secondary-title>New Zealand Journal of Human Resource Management</secondary-title></titles><pages>97-118</pages><volume>15</volume><number>2</number><dates><year>2015</year></dates><urls><related-urls><url>;(for a review see Hone et al., 2015). Eating healthily and socializing activities are also significant aspects of the positive health and relationships domains of the Geelong Grammar School positive education model ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Norrish</Author><Year>2015</Year><RecNum>114</RecNum><DisplayText>(Norrish, 2015)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>114</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="d9staw09w25xauet9vjprfaursxvaet0rzd5" timestamp="1519562763">114</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Book">6</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Norrish, Jacolyn</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Positive education: The Geelong Grammar School journey</title></titles><keywords><keyword>positive education, Geelong Grammar School, positive psychology, teaching approaches, educational practitioners</keyword><keyword>*Elementary Education</keyword><keyword>*Positive Psychology</keyword><keyword>*Teaching Methods</keyword><keyword>Educational Personnel</keyword><keyword>Well Being</keyword><keyword>Curriculum & Programs & Teaching Methods [3530]</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2015</year></dates><pub-location>New York, USA</pub-location><publisher>Oxford University Press</publisher><isbn>9780198702580</isbn><urls><related-urls><url>;(Norrish, 2015). Interestingly, 11 to 13-year-olds frequently listed nature, pet ownership and attachment, being around positive people, and entertainment as ways to improve wellbeing. Government frameworks have given importance to some of these aspects such as nature, whereas popular academic models are less likely to reinforce these aspects in their promotional models. A plethora of research suggests that contact with nature, including bush-walks, being outside in natural environment, and enjoying a sunny day at the beach, therapeutically relaxes body and mind and enhances mental wellbeing ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Sarriera</Author><Year>2017</Year><RecNum>87</RecNum><DisplayText>(Sarriera & Bedin, 2017)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>87</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="d9staw09w25xauet9vjprfaursxvaet0rzd5" timestamp="1519542491">87</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Electronic Book">44</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Jorge Castellá Sarriera</author><author>Lívia Maria Bedin</author></authors><secondary-authors><author>ASHER BEN-ARIEH</author></secondary-authors></contributors><titles><title>Psychosocial Well-being of Children and Adolescents in Latin America: Evidence-based Interventions</title></titles><volume>16</volume><section>xv-xii</section><dates><year>2017</year></dates><pub-location>Switzerland</pub-location><publisher>Springer International Publishing AG</publisher><isbn>978-3-319-55601-7</isbn><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1007/978-3-319-55601-7</electronic-resource-num></record></Cite></EndNote>(Sarriera & Bedin, 2017). Similarly, pet ownership and attachment has shown association with adolescents’ mental, academic, and social benefits PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5QdXJld2FsPC9BdXRob3I+PFllYXI+MjAxNzwvWWVhcj48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ADDIN EN.CITE PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGU+PEF1dGhvcj5QdXJld2FsPC9BdXRob3I+PFllYXI+MjAxNzwvWWVhcj48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ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA (Purewal et al., 2017). Research on effects of entertainment such as watching movies and gaming on adolescents has been severely criticized previously, however, positive media psychology researchers have focused on the beneficial effects of digital entertainment on adolescents (e.g., exposing adolescents to programs depicting positive behaviors) ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>de Leeuw</Author><Year>2016</Year><RecNum>98</RecNum><DisplayText>(De Leeuw & Buijzen, 2016)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>98</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="d9staw09w25xauet9vjprfaursxvaet0rzd5" timestamp="1519542492">98</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>De Leeuw, R. H.</author><author>Buijzen, Moniek</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Introducing positive media psychology to the field of children, adolescents, and media</title><secondary-title>Journal of Children and Media</secondary-title></titles><pages>39-46</pages><volume>10</volume><number>1</number><dates><year>2016</year></dates><isbn>1748-2798
1748-2801</isbn><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1080/17482798.2015.1121892</electronic-resource-num></record></Cite></EndNote>(De Leeuw & Buijzen, 2016). Also, being surrounded by positive people enhance adolescents’ wellbeing. Thus, these pathways (entertainment, pet ownership and attachment, around positive people, and nature) represent useful targets for adolescents’ wellbeing promotion in the future. The Five Ways to Wellbeing model as a starting point for enhancing wellbeing in schools is recommended. Does Socioeconomic School Decile Influence Adolescents’ Wellbeing Perceptions?School decile influences adolescents’ perceptions of wellbeing. Whilst the impact of socioeconomic status on adolescents’ wellbeing is known, no study has previously demonstrated its influence on adolescents’ perceptions of wellbeing components. Both groups showed similar perceptions in the listing phase. Significant differences were observed in the perceptions in the rating phase, however. This finding indicates that the wellbeing perceptions of adolescents (belonging to different suburbs with different socioeconomic standing) are broadly similar but some differences exist in the value given to certain components. For example, no differences appeared in rating 21 components, thus indicating considerable similarities in the perceptions of adolescents in these school deciles. Nonetheless, low socioeconomic group considered five wellbeing components (such as, comfort/being wealthy and success/achievements) more important than high socioeconomic group. These differences in ratings may have surfaced due to adolescents’ different socioeconomic status, culture, or overall theme of the school. Additionally, socioeconomic status moderated the relationship between centrality and perception of wellbeing in the third study. Consequently, socioeconomic groups’ unique perceptions should be combined with adolescents’ general perceptions in understanding wellbeing (see Study 3 REF _Ref511295546 \h \* MERGEFORMAT Discussion section for reference). Other Insights and ImplicationsThe examination of adolescents’ freely listed responses has led to interesting insights regarding their understanding of wellbeing. Firstly, 98% of adolescents listed components relevant to the field of wellbeing and only two percent did not respond or listed aspects unrelated to the concept of wellbeing. This finding indicates adolescents’ awareness of the concept of wellbeing – specifically a considerable number of components (551) were listed. Moreover, multifarious pathways to wellbeing were listed. It is noteworthy, though, that adolescents mentioned relatively tangible pathways such as relationships with family and peers, sport, pets etc. than intangible constructs such as mindfulness (as discussed in Study 4 Discussion section on page PAGEREF _Ref513802604 \h 30). While ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite AuthorYear="1"><Author>Norrish</Author><Year>2015</Year><RecNum>114</RecNum><Suffix>`, p. 47</Suffix><DisplayText>Norrish (2015, p. 47)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>114</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="d9staw09w25xauet9vjprfaursxvaet0rzd5" timestamp="1519562763">114</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Book">6</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Norrish, Jacolyn</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Positive education: The Geelong Grammar School journey</title></titles><keywords><keyword>positive education, Geelong Grammar School, positive psychology, teaching approaches, educational practitioners</keyword><keyword>*Elementary Education</keyword><keyword>*Positive Psychology</keyword><keyword>*Teaching Methods</keyword><keyword>Educational Personnel</keyword><keyword>Well Being</keyword><keyword>Curriculum & Programs & Teaching Methods [3530]</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2015</year></dates><pub-location>New York, USA</pub-location><publisher>Oxford University Press</publisher><isbn>9780198702580</isbn><urls><related-urls><url> (2015, p. 47) explains this lack of consideration of internal dimensions as adolescents’ occasional “narrow thinking” and their focus on “material possessions”, the present study has contrary results and shows adolescents’ appreciation of deeper aspects such as nature and being kind/helpful. For example, it is likely that some adolescents are engaged in mindful activities but cannot necessarily give a name to the mental state due to lack of instruction. Therefore, adolescents should be educated about these precious concepts (such as mindfulness) early in life. Comparison of linguistic units generated for components (551) and pathways (565) implies a similar proposition. Adolescents listed 14 more pathways than components, and thus showed a greater awareness of the ways to foster wellbeing rather than the concept of wellbeing. Whether that awareness is due to adolescents’ interest and curiosity in enhancing wellbeing is largely unknown. Possibly the notion of a component is more abstract than practical ways to foster wellbeing. It is also noteworthy that participants were not imparted wellbeing education. Awareness reasons could vary, but some effortless awareness at an intuitive level of recognition is evident. Such “intuitive recognition” of the concept “may not be perfect, even though essential before testing or clarifying” adolescents’ meaning of the concept ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Cloninger</Author><Year>2004</Year><RecNum>168</RecNum><Suffix>`, p. 8</Suffix><DisplayText>(Cloninger, 2004, p. 8)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>168</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="d9staw09w25xauet9vjprfaursxvaet0rzd5" timestamp="1519567304">168</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Electronic Book">44</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Cloninger, C.</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Feeling good: The science of well-being</title></titles><keywords><keyword>well being, human needs, consciousness, creativity, mental health</keyword><keyword>*Creativity</keyword><keyword>*Mental Health</keyword><keyword>*Needs</keyword><keyword>*Self-Perception</keyword><keyword>*Well Being</keyword><keyword>Promotion & Maintenance of Health & Wellness [3365]</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2004</year></dates><pub-location>New York</pub-location><publisher>Oxford University Press</publisher><isbn>0-19-505137-8</isbn><accession-num>2004-14384-000</accession-num><urls></urls><remote-database-name>PsycINFO</remote-database-name><remote-database-provider>Ovid Technologies</remote-database-provider></record></Cite></EndNote>(Cloninger, 2004, p. 8). Further empirical research is required, however, to support the notion of intuitive understanding of wellbeing. Secondly, adolescents demonstrated some overlapping perceptions of the aspects that define and improve wellbeing. Some components of wellbeing were also listed as pathways to wellbeing such as good physical health. The pathway-component overlap suggests that adolescents are either confused about the ideas of attribute and promotion to detect differentiation between the two or they suppose a relation between aspects that define versus improve wellbeing. The second assumption has some empirical support ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Hone</Author><Year>2015</Year><RecNum>70</RecNum><DisplayText>(Hone et al., 2015)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>70</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="d9staw09w25xauet9vjprfaursxvaet0rzd5" timestamp="1519542491">70</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Hone, L. C.</author><author>Schofield, G.</author><author>Jarden, A.</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Conceptualizations of Wellbeing: Insights from a Prototype Analysis on New Zealand Workers</title><secondary-title>New Zealand Journal of Human Resource Management</secondary-title></titles><pages>97-118</pages><volume>15</volume><number>2</number><dates><year>2015</year></dates><urls><related-urls><url>;(Hone et al., 2015). The results stipulate that components mentioned dually varied in frequency. For example, good physical health was ‘listed’ frequently as a component but marginally as a pathway. The variation in frequency might theoretically point to the possibility that adolescents are rather perceptive in discerning the difference between two intricate concepts. They listed a variety of responses that are characteristic of pathways and components, however also showed some overlap. Thus, educators may consider promoting the central components of wellbeing in schools that are not mentioned as pathways. For example, ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite AuthorYear="1"><Author>Froh</Author><Year>2009</Year><RecNum>101</RecNum><DisplayText>Froh, Kashdan, Ozimkowski, and Miller (2009)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>101</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="d9staw09w25xauet9vjprfaursxvaet0rzd5" timestamp="1519542492">101</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Froh, Jeffrey J.</author><author>Kashdan, Todd B.</author><author>Ozimkowski, Kathleen M.</author><author>Miller, Norman</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Who benefits the most from a gratitude intervention in children and adolescents? Examining positive affect as a moderator</title><secondary-title>The Journal of Positive Psychology</secondary-title></titles><pages>408-422</pages><volume>4</volume><number>5</number><dates><year>2009</year></dates><isbn>1743-9760
1743-9779</isbn><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1080/17439760902992464</electronic-resource-num></record></Cite></EndNote>Froh, Kashdan, Ozimkowski, and Miller (2009) demonstrated that gratitude intervention enhanced the subjective wellbeing of early adolescents. Finally, adolescents’ perceptions of wellbeing vary markedly with one another. Though it is remarkable that some components and pathways were collectively stated by a high percentage of adolescents, no component or pathway of wellbeing was mentioned universally (See Study 1 REF _Ref511296044 \h \* MERGEFORMAT Discussion section and Study section). The variability in responses is indicative of the distinctive characteristics or experiences that may influence wellbeing perceptions. Hence, in the future, it will be valuable to consider adolescents’ unique worldview together with the commonly perceived aspects of wellbeing. Parallel to the PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGUgQXV0aG9yWWVhcj0iMSI+PEF1dGhvcj5VTkVTQ088L0F1dGhvcj48WWVh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ADDIN EN.CITE PEVuZE5vdGU+PENpdGUgQXV0aG9yWWVhcj0iMSI+PEF1dGhvcj5VTkVTQ088L0F1dGhvcj48WWVh
cj4yMDA0PC9ZZWFyPjxSZWNOdW0+OTE8L1JlY051bT48RGlzcGxheVRleHQ+VU5FU0NPICgyMDA0
KTwvRGlzcGxheVRleHQ+PHJlY29yZD48cmVjLW51bWJlcj45MTwvcmVjLW51bWJlcj48Zm9yZWln
bi1rZXlzPjxrZXkgYXBwPSJFTiIgZGItaWQ9ImQ5c3RhdzA5dzI1eGF1ZXQ5dmpwcmZhdXJzeHZh
ZXQwcnpkNSIgdGltZXN0YW1wPSIxNTE5NTQyNDkxIj45MTwva2V5PjwvZm9yZWlnbi1rZXlzPjxy
ZWYtdHlwZSBuYW1lPSJHb3Zlcm5tZW50IERvY3VtZW50Ij40NjwvcmVmLXR5cGU+PGNvbnRyaWJ1
dG9ycz48YXV0aG9ycz48YXV0aG9yPlVORVNDTyw8L2F1dGhvcj48L2F1dGhvcnM+PC9jb250cmli
dXRvcnM+PHRpdGxlcz48dGl0bGU+Q2hhbmdpbmcgVGVhY2hpbmcgUHJhY3RpY2VzOiBVc2luZyBj
dXJyaWN1bHVtIGRpZmZlcmVudGlhdGlvbiB0byByZXNwb25kIHRvIHN0dWRlbnRz4oCZIGRpdmVy
c2l0eTwvdGl0bGU+PC90aXRsZXM+PHBhZ2VzPjEzLTE3PC9wYWdlcz48ZGF0ZXM+PHllYXI+MjAw
NDwveWVhcj48L2RhdGVzPjxwdWItbG9jYXRpb24+UGFyaXM8L3B1Yi1sb2NhdGlvbj48cHVibGlz
aGVyPlVuaXRlZCBOYXRpb25zIEVkdWNhdGlvbmFsLCBTY2llbnRpZmljLCBhbmQgQ3VsdHVyYWwg
T3JnYW5pemF0aW9uPC9wdWJsaXNoZXI+PHVybHM+PHJlbGF0ZWQtdXJscz48dXJsPnVuZXNkb2Mu
dW5lc2NvLm9yZy9pbWFnZXMvMDAxMy8wMDEzNjUvMTM2NTgzZS5wZGYgPC91cmw+PC9yZWxhdGVk
LXVybHM+PC91cmxzPjwvcmVjb3JkPjwvQ2l0ZT48Q2l0ZSBBdXRob3JZZWFyPSIxIj48QXV0aG9y
PlVORVNDTzwvQXV0aG9yPjxZZWFyPjIwMDQ8L1llYXI+PFJlY051bT45MTwvUmVjTnVtPjxyZWNv
cmQ+PHJlYy1udW1iZXI+OTE8L3JlYy1udW1iZXI+PGZvcmVpZ24ta2V5cz48a2V5IGFwcD0iRU4i
IGRiLWlkPSJkOXN0YXcwOXcyNXhhdWV0OXZqcHJmYXVyc3h2YWV0MHJ6ZDUiIHRpbWVzdGFtcD0i
MTUxOTU0MjQ5MSI+OTE8L2tleT48L2ZvcmVpZ24ta2V5cz48cmVmLXR5cGUgbmFtZT0iR292ZXJu
bWVudCBEb2N1bWVudCI+NDY8L3JlZi10eXBlPjxjb250cmlidXRvcnM+PGF1dGhvcnM+PGF1dGhv
cj5VTkVTQ08sPC9hdXRob3I+PC9hdXRob3JzPjwvY29udHJpYnV0b3JzPjx0aXRsZXM+PHRpdGxl
PkNoYW5naW5nIFRlYWNoaW5nIFByYWN0aWNlczogVXNpbmcgY3VycmljdWx1bSBkaWZmZXJlbnRp
YXRpb24gdG8gcmVzcG9uZCB0byBzdHVkZW50c+KAmSBkaXZlcnNpdHk8L3RpdGxlPjwvdGl0bGVz
PjxwYWdlcz4xMy0xNzwvcGFnZXM+PGRhdGVzPjx5ZWFyPjIwMDQ8L3llYXI+PC9kYXRlcz48cHVi
LWxvY2F0aW9uPlBhcmlzPC9wdWItbG9jYXRpb24+PHB1Ymxpc2hlcj5Vbml0ZWQgTmF0aW9ucyBF
ZHVjYXRpb25hbCwgU2NpZW50aWZpYywgYW5kIEN1bHR1cmFsIE9yZ2FuaXphdGlvbjwvcHVibGlz
aGVyPjx1cmxzPjxyZWxhdGVkLXVybHM+PHVybD51bmVzZG9jLnVuZXNjby5vcmcvaW1hZ2VzLzAw
MTMvMDAxMzY1LzEzNjU4M2UucGRmIDwvdXJsPjwvcmVsYXRlZC11cmxzPjwvdXJscz48L3JlY29y
ZD48L0NpdGU+PENpdGUgQXV0aG9yWWVhcj0iMSI+PEF1dGhvcj5VTkVTQ088L0F1dGhvcj48WWVh
cj4yMDA0PC9ZZWFyPjxSZWNOdW0+OTE8L1JlY051bT48cmVjb3JkPjxyZWMtbnVtYmVyPjkxPC9y
ZWMtbnVtYmVyPjxmb3JlaWduLWtleXM+PGtleSBhcHA9IkVOIiBkYi1pZD0iZDlzdGF3MDl3MjV4
YXVldDl2anByZmF1cnN4dmFldDByemQ1IiB0aW1lc3RhbXA9IjE1MTk1NDI0OTEiPjkxPC9rZXk+
PC9mb3JlaWduLWtleXM+PHJlZi10eXBlIG5hbWU9IkdvdmVybm1lbnQgRG9jdW1lbnQiPjQ2PC9y
ZWYtdHlwZT48Y29udHJpYnV0b3JzPjxhdXRob3JzPjxhdXRob3I+VU5FU0NPLDwvYXV0aG9yPjwv
YXV0aG9ycz48L2NvbnRyaWJ1dG9ycz48dGl0bGVzPjx0aXRsZT5DaGFuZ2luZyBUZWFjaGluZyBQ
cmFjdGljZXM6IFVzaW5nIGN1cnJpY3VsdW0gZGlmZmVyZW50aWF0aW9uIHRvIHJlc3BvbmQgdG8g
c3R1ZGVudHPigJkgZGl2ZXJzaXR5PC90aXRsZT48L3RpdGxlcz48cGFnZXM+MTMtMTc8L3BhZ2Vz
PjxkYXRlcz48eWVhcj4yMDA0PC95ZWFyPjwvZGF0ZXM+PHB1Yi1sb2NhdGlvbj5QYXJpczwvcHVi
LWxvY2F0aW9uPjxwdWJsaXNoZXI+VW5pdGVkIE5hdGlvbnMgRWR1Y2F0aW9uYWwsIFNjaWVudGlm
aWMsIGFuZCBDdWx0dXJhbCBPcmdhbml6YXRpb248L3B1Ymxpc2hlcj48dXJscz48cmVsYXRlZC11
cmxzPjx1cmw+dW5lc2RvYy51bmVzY28ub3JnL2ltYWdlcy8wMDEzLzAwMTM2NS8xMzY1ODNlLnBk
ZiA8L3VybD48L3JlbGF0ZWQtdXJscz48L3VybHM+PC9yZWNvcmQ+PC9DaXRlPjxDaXRlIEF1dGhv
clllYXI9IjEiPjxBdXRob3I+VU5FU0NPPC9BdXRob3I+PFllYXI+MjAwNDwvWWVhcj48UmVjTnVt
PjkxPC9SZWNOdW0+PHJlY29yZD48cmVjLW51bWJlcj45MTwvcmVjLW51bWJlcj48Zm9yZWlnbi1r
ZXlzPjxrZXkgYXBwPSJFTiIgZGItaWQ9ImQ5c3RhdzA5dzI1eGF1ZXQ5dmpwcmZhdXJzeHZhZXQw
cnpkNSIgdGltZXN0YW1wPSIxNTE5NTQyNDkxIj45MTwva2V5PjwvZm9yZWlnbi1rZXlzPjxyZWYt
dHlwZSBuYW1lPSJHb3Zlcm5tZW50IERvY3VtZW50Ij40NjwvcmVmLXR5cGU+PGNvbnRyaWJ1dG9y
cz48YXV0aG9ycz48YXV0aG9yPlVORVNDTyw8L2F1dGhvcj48L2F1dGhvcnM+PC9jb250cmlidXRv
cnM+PHRpdGxlcz48dGl0bGU+Q2hhbmdpbmcgVGVhY2hpbmcgUHJhY3RpY2VzOiBVc2luZyBjdXJy
aWN1bHVtIGRpZmZlcmVudGlhdGlvbiB0byByZXNwb25kIHRvIHN0dWRlbnRz4oCZIGRpdmVyc2l0
eTwvdGl0bGU+PC90aXRsZXM+PHBhZ2VzPjEzLTE3PC9wYWdlcz48ZGF0ZXM+PHllYXI+MjAwNDwv
eWVhcj48L2RhdGVzPjxwdWItbG9jYXRpb24+UGFyaXM8L3B1Yi1sb2NhdGlvbj48cHVibGlzaGVy
PlVuaXRlZCBOYXRpb25zIEVkdWNhdGlvbmFsLCBTY2llbnRpZmljLCBhbmQgQ3VsdHVyYWwgT3Jn
YW5pemF0aW9uPC9wdWJsaXNoZXI+PHVybHM+PHJlbGF0ZWQtdXJscz48dXJsPnVuZXNkb2MudW5l
c2NvLm9yZy9pbWFnZXMvMDAxMy8wMDEzNjUvMTM2NTgzZS5wZGYgPC91cmw+PC9yZWxhdGVkLXVy
bHM+PC91cmxzPjwvcmVjb3JkPjwvQ2l0ZT48L0VuZE5vdGU+AG==
ADDIN EN.CITE.DATA UNESCO (2004) “curriculum differentiation” approach where a curriculum is “modified to match the learning needs” of an individual, positive education practices ought to be personalized to fit the wellbeing perceptions of adolescents, to pave the way for more precision in education and interventions ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Horner</Author><Year>2014</Year><RecNum>893</RecNum><DisplayText>(Cook et al., 2018; Horner et al., 2014)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>893</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="d9staw09w25xauet9vjprfaursxvaet0rzd5" timestamp="1537698447">893</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Government Document">46</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Horner, R.</author><author>Blitz, C.</author><author>Ross, S.W.</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>The importance of contextual fit when implementing evidence-based interventions</title></titles><dates><year>2014</year></dates><pub-location>Washington, DC</pub-location><publisher>Office of the Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation Office of Human
Services Policy</publisher><urls></urls></record></Cite><Cite><Author>Cook</Author><Year>2018</Year><RecNum>97</RecNum><record><rec-number>97</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="d9staw09w25xauet9vjprfaursxvaet0rzd5" timestamp="1519542492">97</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Cook, C. R.</author><author>Kilgus, S. P.</author><author>Burns, M. K.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>University of Minnesota, United States. Electronic address: crcook@umn.edu.
University of Missouri, United States.</auth-address><titles><title>Advancing the science and practice of precision education to enhance student outcomes</title><secondary-title>Journal of School Psychology</secondary-title></titles><pages>4-10</pages><volume>66</volume><dates><year>2018</year><pub-dates><date>Feb</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>1873-3506 (Electronic)
0022-4405 (Linking)</isbn><accession-num>29429494</accession-num><urls><related-urls><url>;(Cook et al., 2018; Horner et al., 2014). In addition to personalized ‘one-time external interventions’ with momentary wellbeing gains, schools may also focus on improving adolescents’ wellbeing literacy considering their authentic perceptions, which may be a huge leap forward in making them independent in enhancing their own wellbeing ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite><Author>Oades</Author><Year>2017</Year><RecNum>801</RecNum><DisplayText>(Oades & Johnston, 2017)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>801</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="d9staw09w25xauet9vjprfaursxvaet0rzd5" timestamp="1528968176">801</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Oades, Lindsay. G.</author><author>Johnston, A. L.</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Wellbeing Literacy: The Necessary Ingredient in Positive Education</title><secondary-title>Psychology and Behavioral Science</secondary-title></titles><volume>3</volume><number>5</number><dates><year>2017</year></dates><urls><related-urls><url>;(Oades & Johnston, 2017). Limitations and Future DirectionsThere were several limitations of the study that should be acknowledged. To collect qualitative data, open-ended surveys were utilized rather than other rigorous methods such as interviews or focus groups. It is possible that the writing ability of some students affected the length of their responses. This method was chosen over others as it was more convenient for collecting opinions of many students at the same time. Previous prototype studies have also used an equivalent way of collecting qualitative data. Secondly, the findings of the present study are limited by the subjective opinions of the participants and researchers. For example, the coding of responses and their allocation to component and pathway categories was subjective and pose a potential bias to research. For mitigating this bias, every attempt was made in depicting the true perceptions of adolescents. Responses were coded verbatim, initially two researchers assigned units to categories, and then category allocation was discussed with other researchers. For readers to examine researchers’ judgments, the raw data of the first study has been published online (due to the reasons of double blind review, we haven’t shared the data link in the manuscript). Similarly, participants’ responses are also subjective. For example, how one person perceives feeling good could vary from another person’s perception. Therefore, a useful avenue for future research is to explore adolescents’ perceptions of components of wellbeing (e.g., happiness). Thirdly, the effect of demographic factors such as gender or ethnicity on adolescents’ wellbeing perceptions could not be examined. As this study determined, demographic factors may have an influence on the perceptions of wellbeing. An important direction for future research, therefore, is to compare gender-based perceptions of wellbeing and investigate how adolescents’ awareness of wellbeing differ across education levels and culture. While both socioeconomic groups generated virtually comparable linguistic units, we recognize that the sample size of low decile group was relatively smaller than the high decile group in all three studies (Study 1 n = 48 low and 77 high; Study 2 n = 42 low and 80 high; Study 3 n = 42 low and 72 high). This difference may have potentially underrepresented low socioeconomic individuals’ views. Taking the sample size into account, future enquiries could assess low socioeconomic group perceptions on a larger sample. The research on adolescents’ perceptions of wellbeing is relatively inadequate and recent. The present study provides preliminary evidence about the variation in adolescents’ wellbeing prototype of pathways and components regarding wellbeing as a function of school decile. It is essential that further scholarship examine the stability of adolescents’ perspectives of wellbeing across countries and observe changes over time. As ADDIN EN.CITE <EndNote><Cite AuthorYear="1"><Author>Fehr</Author><Year>1988</Year><RecNum>80</RecNum><DisplayText>Fehr (1988)</DisplayText><record><rec-number>80</rec-number><foreign-keys><key app="EN" db-id="d9staw09w25xauet9vjprfaursxvaet0rzd5" timestamp="1519542491">80</key></foreign-keys><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Fehr, B</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Prototype analysis of the concepts of love and commitment</title><secondary-title>Journal of Personality and Social Psychology</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>Journal of Personality and Social Psychology</full-title><abbr-1>JPSP</abbr-1></periodical><pages>557-579</pages><volume>55</volume><number>4</number><dates><year>1988</year></dates><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1037/0022-3514.55.4.557</electronic-resource-num></record></Cite></EndNote>Fehr (1988) posited that it is likely that the prototype of wellbeing may vary with different populations but the prototypical structure of wellbeing remains. Another fruitful prospect is to study the extent to which adolescents’ prototype of wellbeing match with an individual’s representation of wellbeing to examine the extent to which interventions need to be modified to suit individual’s requirements.ConclusionThis study contributes to an under-investigated area of adolescents’ wellbeing. The evidence suggests that adolescents’ perceptions of wellbeing components are only partially aligned with popular academic models (some components are common such as feeling good, being happy, and good mental health, and some are omitted from academic models such as enjoyment/having fun, being kind/helpful, feeling safe, being respectful, and being respected). Adolescents’ component perceptions are also different than adults’ perceptions of wellbeing components. Therefore, a broader definition of wellbeing is warranted tailored to the adolescents’ prototypical wellbeing representation. While the three most listed pathways to wellbeing show consensus with academic models and adults’ conceptualizations, researchers can also pay more attention to the importance of nature, positive people, entertainment, and pets in their promotional models for adolescents. It is imperative that practitioners and researchers consider adolescents’ perceptions in designing and implementing wellbeing programs, especially accommodating perspectives exclusive to the socioeconomic groups. References ADDIN EN.REFLIST Aked, J., Marks, N., Cordon, C., & Thompson, S. (2008). Five ways to well-being nef (new economics foundation). Retrieved from: Anderson, D. L., & Graham, A. P. (2016). Improving student wellbeing: Having a say at school. School Effectiveness and School Improvement, 27(3), 348-366. , L., Green, S., & Falecki, D. (2017). Positive early childhood education: Expanding the reach of positive psychology into early childhood. European Journal of Applied Positive Psychology, 1, 1-12. Retrieved from: , J. L., & McLellan, R. (2017). Young people’s perceptions of wellbeing: The importance of peer relationships in slovak schools. International Journal of School & Educational Psychology, 1-13. , T. L., Harris, S. K., Thrall, J. S., & Woods, E. R. (2002). Association of adolescent risk behaviors with mental health symptoms in high school students. Journal of Adolescent Health, 31(3), 240-246. Busch, S. H., & Barry, C. L. (2007). Mental health disorders in childhood: Assessing the burden on families. Health Affairs (Millwood), 26(4), 1088-1095. Institute for Health Information. (2009). Improving the health of canadians: Exploring positive mental health. Ottawa Retrieved from: Casas, F. (2011). Subjective social indicators and child and adolescent well-being. Child Indicators Research, 4(4), 555-575. , C. (2004). Feeling good: The science of well-being (2004-14384-000). New York: Oxford University Press. Retrieved from PsycINFO database.Cohen, J. W. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences (2nd ed.). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. Cook, C. R., Kilgus, S. P., & Burns, M. K. (2018). Advancing the science and practice of precision education to enhance student outcomes. Journal of School Psychology, 66, 4-10. Jager, W., & Strauss, R. (1998). The selection of young adolescents for group therapy: Working towards cohesion Southern African Journal of Child and Adolescent Mental Health, 10(2), 133-139. Jong, P. J., Sportel, B. E., de Hullu, E., & Nauta, M. H. (2012). Co-occurrence of social anxiety and depression symptoms in adolescence: Differential links with implicit and explicit self-esteem? Psychol Med, 42(3), 475-484. Leeuw, R. H., & Buijzen, M. (2016). Introducing positive media psychology to the field of children, adolescents, and media. Journal of Children and Media, 10(1), 39-46. , E. (2009). Assessing well-being: The collected works of ed diener (Vol. 3). UK: Springer. , E., Scollon, C., & Lucas, R. (2003). The evolving concept of subjective well-being: The multifaceted nature of happiness. Advances in Cell Aging and Gerontology, 15, 187-219. (03)15007-9Diener, E., & Seligman, M. (2004). Beyond money:Toward an economy of well-being. Psychological Science in the Public Interest, 5(1), 1-31. , E., Wirtz, D., Tov, W., Kim-Prieto, C., Choi, D. W., Oishi, S., & Biswas-Diener, R. (2010). New well-being measures: Short scales to assess flourishing and positive and negative feelings. Social Indicators Research, 97(2), 143-156. , K. L., Slee, P. T., Lawson, M. J., & Keeves, J. P. (2012). Implementation quality of whole-school mental health promotion and students' academic performance. Child and Adolescent Mental Health, 17(1), 45-51. , M. (1985). A Maori perspective of health. Social Science & Medicine, 20(5), 483-486. (85)90363-6Eccles, J. S., Midgley, C., Wigfield, A., Buchanan, C. M., Reuman, D., Flanagan, C., & Iver, D. M. (1993). Development during adolescence. The impact of stage-environment fit on young adolescents' experiences in schools and in families. American Psychologist, 48(2), 90-101. Education New Zealand. (2018). School deciles. Retrieved 15 February, 2018, from Review Office. (2015). Wellbeing for success: A resource for schools. Wellington, New Zealand: Education Review Office. Retrieved from: Fehr, B. (1988). Prototype analysis of the concepts of love and commitment. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 55(4), 557-579. , B., & Russell, J. A. (1984). Concept of emotion viewed from a prototype perspective. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 113(3), 464-486. , J. J., Kashdan, T. B., Ozimkowski, K. M., & Miller, N. (2009). Who benefits the most from a gratitude intervention in children and adolescents? Examining positive affect as a moderator. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 4(5), 408-422. , S., Oades, L., & Robinson, P. (2011). Positive education: Creating flourishing students, staff and schools. InPsych, The Bulletin of the Australian Psychological Society, 33, 16-18. Retrieved from: , L. C., Jarden, A., Schofield, G., & Duncan, S. (2014). Measuring flourishing: The impact of operational definitions on the prevalence of high levels of wellbeing. International Journal of Wellbeing, 4(1), 62-90. , L. C., Schofield, G., & Jarden, A. (2015). Conceptualizations of wellbeing: Insights from a prototype analysis on New Zealand workers. New Zealand Journal of Human Resource Management, 15(2), 97-118. Retrieved from: , R., Blitz, C., & Ross, S. W. (2014). The importance of contextual fit when implementing evidence-based interventions. Washington, DC: Office of the Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation Office of Human Services Policy. Huppert, F. A., & So, T. T. (2013). Flourishing across europe: Application of a new conceptual framework for defining well-being. Social Indicators Research, 110(3), 837-861. Positive Education Network. (2017). The state of positive education: World Government Summit and the International Positive Education Network. Retrieved from: Kearns, J. N., & Fincham, F. D. (2004). A prototype analysis of forgiveness. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 30(7), 838-855. , K. J., McInerny, T. K., Gardner, W. P., Childs, G. E., & Wasserman, R. C. (2000). Increasing identification of psychosocial problems: 1979-1996. Pediatrics, 105(6), 1313-1321. Kessler, R. C., Berglund, P., Demler, O., Jin, R., Merikangas, K. R., & Walters, E. E. (2005). Lifetime prevalence and age-of-onset distributions of dsm-iv disorders in the national comorbidity survey replication. Archives of General Psychiatry, 62(6), 593-602. , C. L. (2002). The mental health continuum: From languishing to flourishing in life. J Health Soc Behav, 43(2), 207-222. Keyes, C. L. (2005). Mental illness and/or mental health? Investigating axioms of the complete state model of health. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 73(3), 539-548. , C. L. (2013). Mental well-being. New York, NY: Springer. Lambert, N. M., Graham, S. M., & Fincham, F. D. (2009). A prototype analysis of gratitude: Varieties of gratitude experiences. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 35(9), 1193-1207. , K., Nelson, S. K., Oberle, E., Schonert-Reichl, K. A., & Lyubomirsky, S. (2012). Kindness counts: Prompting prosocial behavior in preadolescents boosts peer acceptance and well-being. PLoS One, 7(12), e51380. , M. D., Huebner, E. S., & Hills, K. J. (2013). The dual-factor model of mental health: A short-term longitudinal study of school-related outcomes. Social Indicators Research, 114(2), 549-565. , M., Heath, M. A., & Miramontes, N. Y. (2012). Merging empiricism and humanism: Role of social validity in the school-wide positive behavior support model. Journal of Positive Behavior Interventions, 15(4), 221-230. Health Foundation of New Zealand. (2018). Mental health – wellbeing. Retrieved 13 February 2018, from , J. (2015). Positive education: The Geelong Grammar School journey. New York, USA: Oxford University Press. Norrish, J. M., Williams, P., O’Connor, M., & Robinson. (2013). An applied framework for positive education. International Journal of Wellbeing, 3(2), 147-161. O’Connor, M., Sanson, A. V., Toumbourou, J. W., Norrish, J., & Olsson, C. A. (2016). Does positive mental health in adolescence longitudinally predict healthy transitions in young adulthood? Journal of Happiness Studies, 18(1), 177-198. , L. G., & Johnston, A. L. (2017). Wellbeing literacy: The necessary ingredient in positive education. Psychology and Behavioral Science, 3(5), for Economic Co-operation and Development. (2009). Doing better for children, chapter 2. Comparative child wellbeing across the oecd.Pallant, J. (2013). Statistical techniques to compare groups. In SPSS survival manual : a step by step guide to data analysis using IBM SPSS (5th ed., pp. 227-230). Retrieved from ProQuest Central database.Purewal, R., Christley, R., Kordas, K., Joinson, C., Meints, K., Gee, N., & Westgarth, C. (2017). Companion animals and child/adolescent development: A systematic review of the evidence. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 14(3), , T. L., Furlong, M. J., Dowdy, E., Rebelez, J., Smith, D. C., O'Malley, M. D., . . . Str?m, I. F. (2014). Covitality: A synergistic conception of adolescents' mental health. In Handbook of positive psychology in schools, 2nd ed. (pp. 12-32). New York, NY, US: Routledge/Taylor & Francis Group. Resnick, M. (2000). Protective factors, resiliency and healthy youth development. Adolesc Med., 11(1), 157-165. Retrieved from: , E. (1975). Cognitive representations of semantic categories. Journal of experimental psychology, 104(3), 192-233. , R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2001). On happiness and human potentials: A review of research on hedonic and eudaimonic well-being. Annual Review of Psychology, 52, 141-166. , C. D. (1989). Happiness is everything, or is it? Explorations on the meaning of psychological well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 57(6), 1069-1081. , C. D., & Keyes, C. L. (1995). The structure of psychological well-being revisited. J Pers Soc Psychol, 69(4), 719-727. Sarriera, J. C., & Bedin, L. M. (2017). Psychosocial well-being of children and adolescents in latin america: Evidence-based interventions (Vol. 16). Switzerland: Springer International Publishing AG. , M., Ernst, R., Gillham, J., Reivich, K., & Linkins, M. (2009). Positive education: Positive psychology and classroom interventions. Oxford Review of Education, 35(3), 293-311. , M. E. (2011). Flourish: A visionary new understanding of happiness and well-being (2010-25554-000). New York, USA: Free Press. Shaheen, H., Jahan, M., & Shaheen, S. (2014). A study of loneliness in relation to well-being among adolescents. International Journal of Education and Psychological Research, 3(4), 46-48. Retrieved from: , J. H., Bartle, C. L., Svirydzenka, N., Suter-Giorgini, N. M., Cashmore, A. M., & Dogra, N. (2014). Young people’s perceptions of mental and physical health in the context of general wellbeing. Health Education Journal, 74(3), 257-269. , A. K., O’Steen, B., & Gilmore, A. (2012). Students’ and teachers’ perspectives on wellbeing in a senior secondary environment. Journal of Student Wellbeing, 5(2), 34-67. Retrieved from: , S., Thalji, A., & Ferron, J. (2011). Longitudinal academic outcomes predicted by early adolescents’ subjective well-being, psychopathology, and mental health status yielded from a dual factor model. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 6(1), 17-30. , S. M., Savage, J. A., & Mercer, S. H. (2014). Increasing middle school students’ life satisfaction: Efficacy of a positive psychology group intervention. Journal of Happiness Studies, 15(1), 19-42. , S. M., & Shaffer, E. J. (2008). Looking beyond psychopathology: The dual-factor model of mental health in youth. School Psychology Review, 37(1), 52-68. Swahn, M. H., & Bossarte, R. M. (2007). Gender, early alcohol use, and suicide ideation and attempts: Findings from the 2005 youth risk behavior survey. J Adolesc Health, 41(2), 175-181. . (2004). Changing teaching practices: Using curriculum differentiation to respond to students’ diversity. Paris: United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization. Retrieved from: unesdoc.images/0013/001365/136583e.pdf Waters, L. (2014). Balancing the curriculum: Teaching gratitude, hope and resilience. In A love of ideas (pp. 117-124): Sydney: Future Leaders. , D. A., Lalasz, C. B., Weigel, D. J., & Evans, W. P. (2014). A prototype analysis of infidelity. Personal Relationships, 21(4), 655-675. , G., & Keyes, C. (2010). Mental illness and mental health: The two continua model across the lifespan. Journal of Adult Development, 17(2), 110-119. Health Organization. 10 facts on mental health. Retrieved 1 September, 2018, from who.int/features/factfiles/mental_health/mental_health_facts/en.Zhong, L. F. (2009). Academic stress and subjective well-being: The moderating effects of perceived social support. presented at the meeting of the 2009 16th International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management, Beijing, China. , J. E., Bloodworth, M. R., Weissberg, R. P., & Walberg, H. J. (2007). The scientific base linking social and emotional learning to school success. Journal of Educational & Psychological Consultation, 17(2-3), 191-210. ................
................
In order to avoid copyright disputes, this page is only a partial summary.
To fulfill the demand for quickly locating and searching documents.
It is intelligent file search solution for home and business.
Related searches
- importance of literature review pdf
- benefits of literature review in research
- the purpose of literature review in research
- why is literature review important
- purpose of literature review pdf
- literature review pdf
- how to write literature review pdf
- definition of literature review pdf
- why is literature review important in research
- example of literature review apa style
- literature review format
- significance of literature review pdf