Philosophy of Social Science

Philosophy of Social Science

Philosophy of Social Science

A New Introduction

Edited by

Nancy Cartwright and Eleonora Montuschi

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Acknowledgements

Chapter 4: iPinCH (the Intellectual Property Issues in Cultural Heritage project), especially Sheila Greer for helpful advice and the Champagne and Aishihik First Nations for their generosity.

Chapters 7, 14, 16: The Order project, Templeton Foundation (London School of Economics and University of California, San Diego); AHRC-funded research project on `Choices of Evidence' (London School of Economics); in Chapter 7, material on suicide originally appeared in E. Montuschi, The Objects of Social Science (Continuum Press, 2003), chapter 2; and on AIDS/HIV spread in Africa in E. Montuschi, `Evidence, Objectivity, Social Policy', in E. Viola (ed.), Epistemologies and the Knowledge Society: New and Old Challenges for 21st-Century Europe (Nemesis Publisher, Roma-Acireale, 2010). A version of the case study on Dutch RCT on heroin users appeared in E. Montuschi, `Questions of Evidence in Evidence-Based Policy', Axiomathes, 19(14) (2009): 429?31.

Chapter 13: National Science Foundation-funded research on the controversy over screening mammography (Award number SES-1152050). Some of the material in this chapter appeared in an early version in Miriam Solomon, `"A Troubled Area": Understanding the Controversy Over Screening Mammography for Women Aged 40?49', in Christoph Jager and Winfried Loffler (eds), Epistemology: Contexts, Values, Disagreement. Proceedings of the 34th International Ludwig Wittgenstein Symposium (Heusenstamm, Germany: Ontos Verlag, 2012), 271?84.

Chapter 15: The British Academy and Wolfson Foundation-funded research project: `Re-Thinking Case Studies Across the Social Sciences'; parts of the chapter appeared in M. S. Morgan, `Case Studies: One Observation or Many? Justification or Discovery?', Philosophy of Science, 79(5), (2012), 667?677.

We are grateful to Alex Marcellesi, Rebecca Robinson, and Rosa Runhardt for editing and assisting with the completion of the volume.

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Contents

Notes on Contributors

ix

Introduction

1

Nancy Cartwright and Eleonora Montuschi

Part I. Current Debates

1. Well-Being

9

Anna Alexandrova

2. Climate Change

31

Wendy Parker

3. Evidence-Based Policy

48

Eileen Munro

4. Community-Based Collaborative Archaeology

68

Alison Wylie

Part II. Ontological Issues

5. Social Ontology

85

Deborah Tollefsen

6. Individuals or Populations?

102

Helen Longino

Part III. Questions about Objectivity

7. Scientific Objectivity

123

Eleonora Montuschi

8. Feminist Standpoint Theory

145

Sharon Crasnow

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