Chapter 2: Properties of Matter - Mr. Baker's Physical ...

[Pages:17]Chapter 2: Properties of Matter

Section 2.1: Classifying Matter I. Pure Substances Group #_____

Main Idea:

II. Elements Group #_____ Main Idea:

A. Examples of Elements Group #_____ Main Idea:

B. Symbols of Elements Group #_____ Main Idea:

III. Compounds Group #______ Main Idea:

IV. Mixtures Group #______ Main Idea:

A. Heterogeneous Mixtures Group #_____ Main Idea:

B. Homogeneous Mixtures Group #_____ Main Idea:

V. Solutions, Suspensions and Colloids Group #______ Main Idea:

A. Solutions Group #_____ Main Idea:

B. Suspensions Group #_____ Main Idea:

C. Colloids Group #_____ Main Idea:

Section 2.2: Physical Properties I. Examples of Physical Properties

Group #_____

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Main Idea:

A. Viscosity Group #_____ Main Idea:

B. Conductivity Group #_____ Main Idea:

C. Malleability Group #_____ Main Idea:

D. Hardness Group #_____ Main Idea:

E. Melting and Boiling Points Group #_____ Main Idea:

F. Density Group #_____ Main Idea:

II. Using Physical Properties Group #_____ Main Idea:

A. Using Properties to Identify Materials Group #_____ Main Idea:

B. Using Properties to Choose Materials Group #_____ Main Idea:

III. Using Properties to Separate Mixtures Group #_____ Main Idea:

A. Filtration Group #_____ Main Idea:

B. Distillation Group #_____ Main Idea:

IV. Recognizing Physical Changes Group #______

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Main Idea:

Section 2.3: Classifying Matter I. Observing Chemical Properties

Main Idea:

Group #_____

A. Flammability Group #_____ Main Idea:

B. Reactivity Group #_____ Main Idea:

II. Recognizing Chemical Changes Group #_____ Main Idea:

A. A Change in Color Group #_____ Main Idea:

B. Production of a Gas Group #_____ Main Idea:

C. Formation of a Precipitate Group #_____ Main Idea:

III. Is a Change Chemical or Physical? Group #_____ Main Idea:

Chapter 3: States of Matter

Section 3.1: Solid, Liquids, and Gases I. Describing the States of Matter

Main Idea:

Group #_____

A. Solids Group #_____ Main Idea:

B. Liquids Group #_____ Main Idea:

C. Gases Group #_____ Main Idea:

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D. Other States of Matter Group #_____ Main Idea:

II. Kinetic Theory Group #_____ Main Idea:

III. Explaining the Behavior of Gases Group #______ Main Idea:

A. Motion in Gases Group #_____ Main Idea:

B. Kinetic Theory of Gases Group #_____ Main Idea:

IV. Explaining the Behavior of Liquids Group #______ Main Idea:

V. Explaining the Behavior of Solids Group #______ Main Idea:

Section 3.2: The Gas Laws I. Pressure Group #_____

Main Idea: II. Factors that Affect Gas Pressure Group #_____

Main Idea:

A. Temperature Group #_____ Main Idea:

B. Volume Group #_____ Main Idea:

C. Number of Particles Group #_____ Main Idea:

III. Charles' Law Group #_____ Main Idea:

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IV. Boyle's Law Group #_____ Main Idea:

V. The Combined Gas Law Group #_____ Main Idea:

Section 3.3: Phase Changes I. Characteristics of Phase Changes Group #_____

Main Idea:

A. Temperature and Phase Changes Group #_____ Main Idea:

B. Energy and Phase Changes Group #_____ Main Idea:

II. Melting and Freezing Group #_____ Main Idea:

A. Melting Group #_____ Main Idea:

B. Freezing Group #_____ Main Idea:

III. Vaporization and Condensation Group #_____ Main Idea:

A. Evaporation Main Idea:

Group #_____

B. Boiling Group #_____ Main Idea:

C. Condensation Group #_____ Main Idea:

IV. Sublimation and Deposition Group #_____ Main Idea:

Drawing_________________ Drawing_________________ Drawing_________________

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Name ___________________________ Class ___________________ Date _____________

Chapter 2 Properties of Matter

Section 2.1 Classifying Matter

(pages 38?44) This section explains how materials are classified as pure substances or mixtures. It discusses types of pure substances and mixtures.

Reading Strategy (page 38) Summarizing As you read, complete the classification of matter in the diagram below. For more information on this Reading Strategy, see the Reading and Study Skills in the Skills and Reference Handbook at the end of your textbook.

Matter

Substance

Mixture

Element

Heterogeneous mixture

Pure Substances (page 39)

1. Is the following sentence true or false? Every sample of a pure substance has exactly the same composition and the same properties.

2. The two categories of pure substances are

and

compounds.

Elements (page 39) 3. What is an element?

4. Is the following sentence true or false? The smallest particle of an

element is an atom.

Match each element to its correct symbol.

Element

Symbol

5. aluminum

a. C

6. gold

b. Al

7. carbon

c. Au

? Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Prentice Hall. All rights reserved.

Physical Science Reading and Study Workbook Level B Chapter 2 15

Name ___________________________ Class ___________________ Date _____________

Chapter 2 Properties of Matter

Compounds (page 40) 8. Circle the letter of each sentence that is true about compounds.

a. A compound always contains at least two elements.

b. The substances that make up a compound are always joined in a fixed proportion.

c. A compound has the same properties as the elements from which it is formed.

Mixtures (pages 41?42)

9. The properties of a mixture vary because the composition is not . Circle the correct answer.

homogenous

heterogenous

fixed

10. Is the following sentence true or false? A homogeneous mixture is a mixture in which it is difficult to distinguish the substances from one another.

? Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Prentice Hall. All rights reserved.

Solutions, Suspensions, and Colloids (pages 42?44)

11. Circle the letter of the term that identifies the homogeneous mixture that forms when sugar is dissolved in a glass of hot water.

a. solution

b. suspension

c. colloid

12. Use the terms in the box to complete the table about solutions, suspensions, and colloids.

Homogenous Small

Suspension Colloid

Yes Heterogenous

Solutions, Suspensions, and Colloids

Type of Mixture Relative Size of Homogeneous

Do Particles

Largest Particles or Heterogeneous? Scatter Light?

Solution

No

Intermediate

Homogeneous

Large

Yes

13. Circle the letter before each example of a colloid.

a. windshield wiper fluid b. fog c. homogenized milk

16 Physical Science Reading and Study Workbook Level B Chapter 2

Name ___________________________ Class ___________________ Date _____________

Chapter 2 Properties of Matter

Section 2.2 Physical Properties

(pages 45?51)

This section discusses physical properties and physical changes. It also explains how physical properties can be used to identify materials, select materials, and separate mixtures.

Reading Strategy (page 45)

Building Vocabulary As you read, write a definition for each term in the table below. For more information on this Reading Strategy, see the Reading and Study Skills in the Skills and Reference Handbook at the end of your textbook.

Physical Property Viscosity Malleability Melting Point

Defining Physical Properties Definition The tendency of a liquid to resist flowing

Examples of Physical Properties (pages 45?47)

1. A physical property is any characteristic of a material that can be

observed or measured without changing the

of the

substances in the material. Circle the correct answer.

proportion

composition

definition

2. Is the following sentence true or false? A liquid with a high viscosity flows more slowly than a liquid with a low viscosity at the same temperature.

3. Is the following sentence true or false? Discovering which of two materials can scratch the other is a way to compare the hardness of the materials.

? Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Prentice Hall. All rights reserved.

Match each term to its definition.

Term

Definition

4. conductivity 5. malleability 6. melting point 7. boiling point 8. density

a. The ability of a solid to be hammered without shattering

b. The temperature at which a substance changes from a liquid to a gas

c. The ability to allow heat to flow

d. The ratio of the mass of a substance to its volume

e. The temperature at which a substance changes from a solid to a liquid

Physical Science Reading and Study Workbook Level B Chapter 2 17

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