Chapter 17, Part 1 (pages 685 – 699)



Reading Guide for Myers Chapter 17, TherapiesChapter 17, Part 1 (pages 685 – 699)Describe how a therapist might take an “eclectic” approach to treatment.What is the goal of psychoanalysis?What are some of the methods used by psychoanalysts?How does interpersonal psychotherapy work?Explain Rogers’ client-centered therapyAccording to Rogers, what is the therapists’ most important contribution?Explain how therapists use exposure therapy:Does aversive conditioning really work?What are the two criticisms of behavior modification?What is the basic premise of cognitive therapy?How does cognitive-behavior therapy work?What are some benefits to group therapy?Part 1 VocabularyActive listeningBiomedical therapyCognitive therapy; cognitive-behavior therapyCounter-conditioningEclectic approachGroup and family therapy (advantages of)Rational Emotive Therapy (Albert Ellis)Resistance, interpretation and transferenceSystematic desensitization; virtual reality exposure therapyToken economy; aversive conditioningChapter 17, Part 2 (700-721)What does research show us regarding the effectiveness of therapy?What impact does education level and experience have on the effectiveness of a therapist?What does objective research lead us to believe about the effectivesness of EMDR?How was objective research obtained for the treatment of SAD?What three ingredients do most effective treatments have in common?Should therapists share the same values as their clients? Why or why not?What are some of the negative side effects to antipsycholtic drugs?What are some problems created by the prescription of antianxiety drugs?How do SSRIs work?Explain the correlation between the use of Prozac and suicide:What does lithium do?Make an argument for the use of ECT and rTMSWhat is the goal of preventative mental health?Part 2 vocabularyDeinstitutionalizationElectroconvulsive shock and repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)PsychopharmacologyPsychosurgery; lobotomyStrengths and limits of behavior therapyStrengths and limits of biomedical therapyStrengths and limits of client-centered therapy (Carl Rogers)Strengths and limits of cognitive therapyStregths and limits of psychoanalytic therapyStrengths and limits of sociocultural therapy 1.Alex feels so hopeless and depressed that he has recently thought about taking his own life. The drug most likely to prove beneficial to him is:A)Ativan.B)Prozac.C)Xanax.D)Thorazine.E)Risperdal.2.Psychopharmacology involves the study of how:A)diseases influence psychological well-being.B)exercise alleviates depression.C)drugs affect mind and behavior.D)physical relaxation reduces anxiety.E)psychosurgery and ECT influence emotions.3.Psychoanalysts would suggest that resistance during therapy supports and maintains the process of:A)meta-analysis.B)transference.C)free association.D)dream interpretation.E)repression.4.Light exposure therapy was developed to relieve symptoms of:A)insomnia.B)anxiety.C)bulimia.D)depression.E)alcoholism.5.Which approach emphasizes the importance of providing patients with feelings of unconditional acceptance?A)cognitive therapyB)psychoanalysisC)biomedical therapyD)client-centered therapyE)systematic desensitization6.The beneficial consequence of a person's expecting that a treatment will be therapeutic is known as:A)systematic desensitization.B)the placebo effect.C)therapeutic touch.D)transference.E)the therapeutic alliance.7.Natasha claimed that her failure to get “A's” in all her college courses meant she was incompetent. Her therapist calmly challenged this assertion, commenting, “By your strange calculations, well over 90 percent of all college students are incompetent!” The therapist's response was most typical of a(n) ________ therapist.A)cognitiveB)behaviorC)eclecticD)client-centeredE)psychoanalytic8.When Murli told his therapist, “I came to see what you could do for me,” the therapist responded, “It sounds like you're feeling you need some help. Am I right?” The therapist's response illustrates the technique of:A)meta-analysis.B)transference.C)free association.D)active listening.E)systematic desensitization.9.In programs to treat alcoholism, clients consume alcohol that contains a nausea-producing drug. The therapist is using a technique known as:A)operant conditioning.B)free association.C)systematic desensitization.D)aversive conditioning.E)transference.10.Dr. Byrne is a clinical psychologist who often uses operant conditioning techniques to treat her clients. She also encourages them to modify their thought patterns, and on occasion she interprets their transference behaviors. Dr. Byrne's therapeutic approach would best be described as:A)client-centered.B)meta-analytic.C)psychoanalytic.D)behavioral.E)eclectic.11.Abraham's doctor prescribes medication that increases the availability of norepinephrine or serotonin in his nervous system. Evidently, Abraham is being treated with an ________ drug.A)antipsychoticB)antianxietyC)antidepressantD)anticonvulsive12.Psychological research on the principles of learning has most directly influenced the development of:A)psychoanalysis.B)behavior therapy.C)humanistic therapy.D)psychodynamic therapy.E)cognitive therapy.13.In one treatment for bed-wetting, the child sleeps on a liquid-sensitive pad that when wet, triggers an alarm and awakens the child. This treatment is a form of:A)biomedical therapy.B)cognitive therapy.C)behavior therapy.D)humanistic therapy.E)psychodynamic therapy.14.A token economy represents an application of the principles of:A)operant conditioning.B)systematic desensitization.C)humanistic therapy.D)classical conditioning.E)observational learning.15.In order to encourage Mrs. Coleman, a withdrawn schizophrenia patient, to be more socially active, institutional staff members give her small plastic cards whenever she talks to someone. She is allowed to exchange these cards for candy and cigarettes. Staff members are making use of:A)active listening.B)systematic desensitization.C)a token economy.D)free association.E)classical conditioning.16.Free association involves the:A)expression toward a therapist of feelings linked with earlier relationships.B)therapeutic interpretation of a client's unconscious conflicts.C)repeated association of a relaxed state with anxiety-arousing stimuli.D)uncensored reporting of any thoughts that come to mind.E)replacement of a negative response to a harmless stimulus with a positive response.17.Which therapeutic approach emphasizes that people are often disturbed because of their negative interpretations of events?A)drug therapyB)client-centered therapyC)systematic desensitizationD)cognitive therapyE)light exposure therapy18.Which biomedical therapy is most likely to be practiced today?A)psychosurgeryB)electroconvulsive therapyC)drug therapyD)counterconditioning19.To help Claire quit smoking, a therapist delivers an electric shock to her arm each time she smokes a cigarette. The therapist is using:A)aversive conditioning.B)systematic desensitization.C)electroconvulsive therapy.D)cognitive therapy.E)EMDR.20.Client-centered therapists are most likely to:A)encourage clients to stop blaming themselves for their failures.B)help clients associate anxiety-arousing stimuli with a pleasant state of relaxation.C)encourage clients to carefully observe the consequences of their maladaptive behaviors.D)vigorously challenge clients' self-defeating thoughts.E)restate and seek further clarification of what clients say during the course of therapy.21.When Molly told her therapist about her frightening car accident, the therapist instructed her to close her eyes and verbalize any further thoughts stimulated by this experience, even if they were scary or embarrassing. The therapist was making use of a technique known as:A)active listening.B)transference.C)systematic desensitization.D)free association.E)aversive conditioning.22.Edith, a 45-year-old journalist, alternates between extreme sadness and lethargy and extreme euphoria and overactivity. The drug most likely to prove beneficial to her is:A)lithium.B)Xanax.C)Clozaril.D)Thorazine.E)Paxil.23.Which drug has provided the most help to schizophrenia patients experiencing auditory hallucinations and paranoia?A)lithiumB)XanaxC)ThorazineD)ProzacE)Ativan24.Mr. Phillips has recently begun to express feelings of hostility and resentment toward his therapist, who is consistently friendly, caring, and helpful. A psychoanalyst would most likely consider Mr. Phillips's hostility to be an example of:A)transference.B)fixation.C)the placebo effect.D)counterconditioning.E)regression toward the mean.25.Jenna is afraid of speaking to a large audience. Her therapist suggests that prior to a speaking engagement she should reassure herself with comments like, “Cheer up, Jenna. You know what you're talking about and your topic is really interesting!” This approach to reducing Jenna's fear most clearly illustrates:A)aversive conditioning.B)client-centered therapy.C)systematic desensitization.D)stress inoculation training.E)psychoanalysis.26.Which form of therapy is most likely to emphasize the importance of examining a person's role within a social system?A)systematic desensitizationB)cognitive therapyC)psychoanalysisD)family therapyE)client-centered therapy27.Systematic desensitization involves:A)depriving a client access to an addictive drug.B)associating unwanted behaviors with unpleasant experiences.C)replacing a positive response to a harmful stimulus with a negative response.D)associating a pleasant relaxed state with anxiety-arousing stimuli.E)vigorously challenging clients' illogical ways of thinking.28.Mr. Choi's therapist wants to help him become aware of his conflicting childhood feelings of love and hate for his parents. The therapist's goal best reflects a primary aim of:A)client-centered therapy.B)cognitive therapy.C)psychoanalysis.D)systematic desensitization.E)operant conditioning techniques.29.Surgically cutting the nerves connecting the frontal lobes to the emotion-controlling centers of the inner brain is called:A)psychopharmacology.B)neurogenesis.C)rTMS.D)a lobotomy.E)ECT.30.Adelle's feelings of unhappiness, low self-esteem, and hopelessness have become so extreme that she has attempted suicide. Which of the following treatments is likely to provide her with the quickest relief from her misery?A)electroconvulsive therapyB)drug therapyC)psychoanalysisD)systematic desensitizationE)cognitive therapy ................
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