Chapter 2 Study Guide: Linear Motion



Chapter 2 Study Guide: Linear Motion

Multiple Choice

Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. Write your response on the space provided.

____ 1. A train travels 6 meters in the first second of travel, another 6 meters in the second second of travel, and 6 meters again during the third second. Its acceleration is _____.

|a. |0 m/s2 |c. |12 m/s2 |

|b. |6 m/s2 |d. |18 m/s2 |

____ 2. A car starts from rest and after 7 seconds it is moving at 42 m/s. What is the car’s average acceleration?

|a. |0.17 m/s2 |c. |6 m/s2 |

|b. |1.67 m/s2 |d. |7 m/s2 |

____ 3. As an object falls freely in a vacuum, its _____.

|a. |velocity increases |c. |both (a) and (b) |

|b. |acceleration increases |d. |none of the above |

____ 4. In the absence of air resistance, objects fall at constant _____.

|a. |speed |c. |acceleration |

|b. |velocity |d. |distances each successive second |

____ 5. A ball is thrown upwards and caught at the same height as it comes back down. In the absence of air resistance, the speed of the ball just before it is caught would be _____.

|a. |less than the speed it had when thrown upwards |

|b. |more than the speed it had when thrown upwards |

|c. |the same speed it had when thrown upwards |

|d. |0 m/s |

____ 6. Suppose an object is in free fall. Each second, the object falls _____.

|a. |the same distance as in the second before |

|b. |a larger distance than in the second before |

|c. |with the same instantaneous speed |

|d. |with the same average speed |

____ 7. A ball tossed vertically upwards rises, reaches its highest point, and then falls back to its starting point. During this time the acceleration of the ball is always _____.

|a. |in the direction of the motion |c. |directed downward |

|b. |opposite its velocity |d. |directed upward |

____ 8. When a basketball player jumps, once the feet are off the floor, the jumper’s acceleration _____.

|a. |varies with body orientation |c. |is usually greater for taller players |

|b. |depends on launch speed |d. |is always equal to g |

____ 9. Suppose you take a trip that covers 180 km and takes 3 hours to make. Your average speed is _____.

|a. |30 km/h |c. |180 km/h |

|b. |60 km/h |d. |360 km/h |

____ 10. When an object falls to the ground, it accelerates. This acceleration is called the acceleration due to gravity and is symbolized by the letter g. What is the value of g on the Earth’s surface?

|a. |0 m/s2 |c. |about 10 m/s2 |

|b. |about 5 m/s2 |d. |about 98 m/s2 |

____ 11. A car accelerates at 2 m/s2. Assuming the car started from rest, how much time will it need to accelerate to a speed of 20 m/s?

|a. |2 seconds |c. |20 seconds |

|b. |10 seconds |d. |40 seconds |

____ 12. If a ball were equipped with a speedometer and allowed to fall freely on a planet where the acceleration due to gravity is 23 m/s2, the reading on the speedometer would increase by _____ each second.

|a. |about 10 m/s |c. |11.5 m/s |

|b. |9.8 m/s |d. |23 m/s |

____ 13. A freely falling object starts from rest. After falling for 6 seconds, it will have a speed of about _____.

|a. |6 m/s |c. |16 m/s |

|b. |60 m/s |d. |600 m/s |

____ 14. If a projectile is fired straight up at a speed of 30 m/s, the total time to return to its starting point is about _____.

|a. |3 seconds |c. |10 seconds |

|b. |6 seconds |d. |none of the above |

____ 15. Suppose a basketball player claims she has a hangtime of 2 seconds! This would mean she has a vertical leap of almost _____.

|a. |5 m |c. |3 m |

|b. |4 m |d. |2 m |

True/False

Indicate whether the statement is true or false. Write your response on the space provided.

____ 16. Average speed is defined as the time it takes for a trip divided by the distance traveled.

____ 17. Velocity and speed both describe how fast an object moves, but velocity also indicates the direction of movement.

____ 18. A unit of velocity is the meter (m).

____ 19. Even when a car is slowing down, it is still accelerating, according to definition.

____ 20. Everything can be said to be in motion relative to another object.

Numeric Response

Write down the appropriate equation for each problem. Replace the variables by substituting numeric values from the problem into your equation. Solve the problem for the unknown variable. Make sure your response includes a numerical answer followed by a unit.

A cyclist travels 15 km in 30 minutes. What is the average speed of the biker?

A skateboarder starting from rest accelerates down a ramp at 2 m/s2 for 2 s. Calculate the speed of the skater.

A student standing on a balcony drops a water balloon on his friend as practical joke. If the balloon takes 1.75 s to hit its target, how high is the balcony that the balloon was dropped from? (Ignore the both air resistance and the height of the victim.)

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