AP Physics 1: Algebra-Based

2019

AP? Physics 1: Algebra-Based

Free-Response Questions

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AP? PHYSICS 1 TABLE OF INFORMATION

Proton mass, mp Neutron mass, mn Electron mass, me Speed of light, c

CONSTANTS AND CONVERSION FACTORS

1.67 1027 kg

Electron charge magnitude, e 1.60 1019 C

1.67 1027 kg 9.11 1031 kg 3.00 108 m s

Coulomb's law constant,

k

1 4pe0

9.0 109 N m2 C2

Universal gravitational constant,

G

6.67 1011 m3 kg s2

Acceleration due to gravity at Earth's surface,

g 9.8 m s2

meter, m kelvin, K

UNIT

kilogram, kg hertz, Hz

SYMBOLS second, s newton, N

ampere, A joule, J

watt, coulomb,

volt, ohm,

W degree Celsius, C C V

W

PREFIXES

Factor Prefix Symbol

1012

tera

T

109

giga

G

106

mega

M

103

kilo

k

102

centi

c

103

milli

m

106 micro

m

109

nano

n

1012

pico

p

VALUES OF TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS FOR COMMON ANGLES

q

0

30

37

45

53

60

90

sin q

0

12 35

2 2 45

32

1

cosq

1

3 2 45 2 2 35 12

0

tan q

0

33 34

1

43

3

The following conventions are used in this exam. I. The frame of reference of any problem is assumed to be inertial unless otherwise stated. II. Assume air resistance is negligible unless otherwise stated.

III. In all situations, positive work is defined as work done on a system. IV. The direction of current is conventional current: the direction in which

positive charge would drift. V. Assume all batteries and meters are ideal unless otherwise stated.

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AP? PHYSICS 1 EQUATIONS

MECHANICS

?x ?x0 axt

x

x0

?x0 t

1 2

axt2

?x2 ?x20 2ax x x0

a ? F Fnet

mm

Ff m Fn

ac

? 2 r

p mv

Dp F Dt

K 1 mv2 2

DE W F d

P

DE D t

Fd cosq

q

q0

w0t

1 2

at2

w w0 at

x Acos2p ft

a = acceleration A = amplitude d = distance E = energy f = frequency F = force I = rotational inertia K = kinetic energy k = spring constant L = angular momentum = length m = mass P = power p = momentum r = radius or separation T = period t = time U = potential energy V = volume v = speed W = work done on a system x = position y = height a = angular acceleration m = coefficient of friction

q = angle r = density t = torque w = angular speed

a ?t tnet

II t rAF rF sinq

DUg mg Dy

T

2p w

1 f

L Iw

DL t Dt

Ts

2p

m k

K 1 Iw2 2

Fs k x

Tp

2p g

Fg

G m1m2 r 2

Us

1 kx2 2

r m V

g Fg m

UG

Gm1m2 r

ELECTRICITY

FE

k

q1q2 r 2

I Dq D t r

R A

I DV R

P I DV

Rs ? Ri i

? 1

1

Rp

i Ri

A = area F = force I = current = length P = power q = charge R = resistance r = separation t = time V = electric potential r = resistivity

WAVES

l v f

f = frequency v = speed l = wavelength

GEOMETRY AND TRIGONOMETRY

Rectangle A bh

Triangle A 1 bh 2

Circle A pr2 C 2pr

A = area C = circumference V = volume S = surface area b = base h = height = length w = width r = radius

Rectangular solid V wh

Cylinder V pr2 S 2pr 2pr2

Sphere V 4 pr3 3 S 4pr2

Right triangle

c2 a2 b2

sin q

a c

cosq b c

tanq a b

c

a

q

90?

b

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2019 AP? PHYSICS 1 FREE-RESPONSE QUESTIONS PHYSICS 1

Section II Time--1 hour and 30 minutes

5 Questions Directions: Questions 1, 4, and 5 are short free-response questions that require about 13 minutes each to answer and are worth 7 points each. Questions 2 and 3 are long free-response questions that require about 25 minutes each to answer and are worth 12 points each. Show your work for each part in the space provided after that part.

1. (7 points, suggested time 13 minutes) Identical blocks 1 and 2 are placed on a horizontal surface at points A and E, respectively, as shown. The surface is frictionless except for the region between points C and D, where the surface is rough. Beginning at time t A , block 1 is pushed with a constant horizontal force from point A to point B by a mechanical plunger. Upon reaching point B, block 1 loses contact with the plunger and continues moving to the right along the horizontal surface toward block 2. Block 1 collides with and sticks to block 2 at point E, after which the two-block system continues moving across the surface, eventually passing point F. (a) On the axes below, sketch the speed of the center of mass of the two-block system as a function of time, from time t A until the blocks pass point F at time t F . The times at which block 1 reaches points A through F are indicated on the time axis.

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2019 AP? PHYSICS 1 FREE-RESPONSE QUESTIONS

(b) The plunger is returned to its original position, and both blocks are removed. A uniform solid sphere is placed at point A, as shown. The sphere is pushed by the plunger from point A to point B with a constant horizontal force that is directed toward the sphere's center of mass. The sphere loses contact with the plunger at point B and continues moving across the horizontal surface toward point E. In which interval(s), if any, does the sphere's angular momentum about its center of mass change? Check all that apply. ____ A to B ____ B to C ____ C to D ____ D to E _____ None Briefly explain your reasoning.

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