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PO Box 1435, Kingscliff NSW 2487

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Dear Client,

THE PLACE ODDS

AND TRIFECTA REPORT

Thanks for your interest in my "Place Odds and Trifecta Report".

This report looks at the method for determining true place odds and discusses their application to place and trifecta betting.

The report is in three parts.

Part One covers the computer calculatiosn as used in Bet Selector and is all you need read if you want to start taking advantage of the method as quickly as possible.

Part Two looks at the theory behind the calculations and how they works.

Finally, Part Three provides examples and conclusions relating to the methods use in both place and trifecta betting. In particular it presents both place and trifecta betting strategies that tell you exactly how to bet to achieve both high profits and high strike rates.

Regards

Neale Yardley

neale@.au

Part One: Bet Selector

Bet Selector uses pre-race TAB approximates or rated win prices and then calculates what the place odds should be. It also displays separate probabilities for the three placings first, second and third and then gives you the option displaying trifecta probabilities and bet sizes for selected combinations. Armed with this information you will be able to (a) identify place value in virtually every gallops, trots and dog race and (b) be able to bet trifecta combinations more accurately than anyone else.

Once the necessary calculations are carried out, the program displays the all important columns of place probabilities and odds. As an example, the following output is for the 1995 Blue Diamond.

| |HORSE |WIN |TRUE |P1 % |P2 % |P3 % |PLACE |TRUE |PLACE |

| | |PRICE |WIN | | | |% |PLACE |DIV |

|

|1 |PADRE |15.70 |21.52 |4.6 |5.2 |6.0 |15.9 |6.29 |3.90 |

|

|2 |EL QAHIRA'S SON |9.70 |12.08 |8.3 |9.0 |9.8 |27.1 |3.69 |2.80 |

|

|3 |TUSCANY FLYER |6.80 |7.89 |12.7 |13.1 |13.4 |39.2 |2.55 |2.80 |

|

|4 |FLYING SPUR |4.40 |4.68 |21.4 |19.4 |16.9 |57.6 |1.74 |1.90 |

|

|5 |SHADED |8.00 |9.58 |10.4 |11.1 |11.7 |33.2 |3.01 |2.50 |

|

|6 |ZEDRICH |4.20 |4.42 |22.6 |20.0 |17.1 |59.7 |1.68 |1.90 |

|

|7 |PRINCIPALITY |12.20 |15.90 |6.3 |7.0 |7.8 |21.1 |4.74 |3.10 |

|

|8 |DONAR |10.00 |12.53 |8.0 |8.7 |9.6 |26.2 |3.81 |2.70 |

|

|9 |FROSTY THE SNOWMAN |78.60 |148.70 |0.7 |0.8 |0.9 |2.4 |41.66 |11.60 |

|

|10 |TENNESSEE MAGIC |21.80 |31.91 |3.1 |3.6 |4.2 |10.9 |9.17 |4.70 |

|

|11 |HOMESTEAD |33.30 |53.06 |1.9 |2.2 |2.6 |6.6 |15.05 |6.60 |

|

|1 |2 |3 |4 |5 |6 |7 |8 |9 |10 |

|

For ease of explanation we have included column numbers along the bottom of the above table. They will be used in the following paragraphs to help explain the output.

Column number one (1) simply indicates the TAB number. Column number two (2) shows the horse names. They are included here for convenience only. To save time the program does not require you to key in horse names. Column number three (3) lists the win prices as entered into the program. In the above example they are Super TAB win dividends.

Column numbers four (4) through nine (9) are calculated by the program. Column number four (4) shows the theoretical or true win dividends (WTRU) for each runner as calculated by the program. By 'theoretical or true' we mean the market is framed to 100%. By 'dividends' we mean these prices are in $1 TAB dividend format not bookmaker format. Column numbers five (5) through to seven (7) show the calculated 'true' place probabilities for each runner coming first, second and third respectively. Each column adds up to 100% and the total of the three combined to 300%. In particular, column number five (5) shows the probabilities for each runner coming first. They are simply the win probabilities as associated with the 'true' win dividend in the previous column. Column number six (6) shows the probabilities for each runner coming second and column number seven (7) shows the probabilities for each runner coming third. The method used to calculate these probabilities is outlined in Part Two of this report. Column number eight (8) shows the probabilities for each runner finishing in one of the placings first, second or third. These are simply the sum of the respective first, second and third probabilities in the preceding three columns. The total of all probabilities in this column equals 300%. (If there are only 4 to 7 runners then no probabilities for third are calculated and the total place probabilities add to 200%; if there are three runners or less then no place probabilities are determined). Column number nine (9) shows the 'true' place dividend (PTRU) as determined from the place probability displayed in the previous column. (The place dividend is simply 100 divided by the place probability). A second column of TAB numbers will precede this column on your computer screen to allow quick correlation of true place dividends and TAB numbers.

Column number ten (10) lists the actual place dividends displayed by the TAB at the time the win dividends were recorded.

APPLICATION TO PLACE BETTING

By comparing the 'true' place dividends as calculated by the program with the actual place dividends, place value bets can be identified. In the Blue Diamond example TAB number 3, Tuscany Flyer, was showing $2.80 a place when the program required $2.55. TAB number 4, Flying Spur, was showing $1.90 when the program required $1.74. And TAB number 6, Zedrich, was showing $1.90 when the program required $1.68.

Using the 'betting to prices' concept, place overlays can be bet in proportion to their place probability exactly as with win betting. This means, for example, 39.2 units on TAB number 3, 57.6 units on TAB number 4 and 59.7 units on TAB number 6 for a total outlay of 156.50 units. Numbers 3 and 4 were placed and the returns were 109.76 and 109.44 units respectively - a total of 219.20 units and a profit of 62.70 units or 40%.

While this may seem a good result for just one race, the best results (and indeed more common results) are achieved in races where just one standout place overlay exists. This is often the case with short priced favourites and forms the basis of our Ultimate Place Betting Strategy outlined in Part Three.

THE SIGNIFICANCE OF PLACE PROBABILITIES

The significance of the three separate place probabilities becomes particularly apparent in races with very short priced favourites. The following example of the Kewney Stakes at Flemington on Saturday 11 March 1995 is a classic example with favourite Northwood Plume showing $1.70 and second favourite Nawadder a long way off at $7.40.

| | |HORSE |P1 % |P2 % |P3 % |

|

| |1 |NORTHWOOD PLUME |60.1 |25.5 |9.8 |

|

| |2 |DREAM OF THE DANCE |5.8 |10.7 |13.1 |

|

| |3 |MELLOW CHATEAU |0.3 |0.6 |0.8 |

|

| |4 |NEW SMYRNA |5.2 |9.8 |12.2 |

|

| |5 |EGYPTIAN IBIS |1.0 |1.9 |2.6 |

|

| |6 |FREE SUCCESS |6.4 |11.9 |14.3 |

|

| |7 |MISS POPCORN |1.8 |3.5 |4.7 |

|

| |8 |NAWADDER |10.3 |18.6 |19.1 |

|

| |9 |PARODY |3.1 |5.9 |7.7 |

|

| |10 |GARDEN WALK |1.0 |1.9 |2.7 |

|

| |11 |CHERONTESSA |2.6 |5.0 |6.6 |

|

| |12 |RIVERTAINE |1.0 |1.9 |2.7 |

|

| |13 |PURE WHISKY |1.1 |2.2 |3.0 |

|

| |14 |AMARUA |0.2 |0.5 |0.6 |

|

You will note in this extreme example how no less than five horses have a greater chance of coming third than the favourite. It is in such races that the traditional trifecta calculations really fall down. More on this in Part Three.

APPLICATION TO TRIFECTA BETTING

In the Tote pro part of Bet Selector prices and percentages for individual trifecta combinations are calculated using our new trifecta formula (or optionally the traditional trifecta formula).

Before the calculations are done, you can apply minimum and maximum limits to trifecta dividends and set individual limits on the percentage chances for each placing (based on 1st, 2nd and 3rd place probabilities). Limits should be set so that on the one hand your outlay per race is not too high and on the other hand your percentage of trifecta chances covered is not too low.

The upper dividend bound is important for knocking out longer priced trifectas where the percentage against you is greatest. It is normally set between $200 (for smaller fields with short priced favourites) and $2,000 (for more open races with larger fields). Similarly, the first, second and third percentage limits are set to knock out unlikely runners from individual placings. Different figures can be used for each placing for example 40% for first, 60% for second and 80% for third.

Both the upper and lower dividend limits and the three percentage place limits are applied together so one set can over-rule the other and vice versa. Trifecta bets can be viewed on the screen, printed out and even output to a file that can be sent directly to Tabcopr or Tattsbet.

NOTE ON WIN MARKET REFRAMING

Win prices entered into the program are re-framed to 100% using a special non-linear reframing formula whereby the longer priced runners are lengthened more than the shorter priced runners. Such re-framing will only occur if the win prices entered are framed to more than 100%. In the previous example you will note that an entered win dividend of $4.20 is re-framed to a 'true' win dividend of $4.42 while an entered win dividend of $78.60 is re-framed to $148.70.

The algorithm used to re-frame win prices uses a repeated application of complex negative exponential functions the explanation of which are beyond the scope of this report. It is important to note however that the resultant re-framing of a runners price depends not just on its win price but also on the win price of every other runner in the race. So while the entered price of $4.20 is re-framed to $4.42 in the above example, such may not be the case in another race.

NOTE ON USING BOOKMAKER PRICE INPUTS

Fixed prices from Tabcorp or Tattsbet can also be used in Tote Pro as can AAP early market prices (if using Bestformj downloads) provided you use Tote Pro via Race TAB Live. If betting from home or from your local TAB outlet then the latest pre-race TAB win approximates or fixed prices will offer a better indicator of true chances than early market prices.

NOTE ON USING RATED PRICE INPUTS

Using rated win prices into the Tote Pro program has the potential to create a very different place and trifecta overlay picture. Using pre-post bookmaker or TAB prices, the entered win prices and available place prices are likely to be reasonably closely aligned with place overlays almost always at the short end of the market. When using rated win prices there is the potential for the rated prices to be very different from the win prices being bet. As a result, large win overlays can lead to large place overlays. Of course not all win overlays generate place overlays and the nature of the overlays will vary depending on the nature of the rated prices you use.

For those of you wishing to use Bet Selector’s rated prices rather than bettignprices for place odds calculations please ntoe this can be done outside Tote Pro using the Palce Odds Report in the Price Predictor part of the program.

Part Two: Place and Trifecta Probability Theory

Regular racegoers know that bookmakers usually pay one quarter the win odds for a place. While this practice keeps the calculations simple it does not necessarily lead to a fair place market - and it should certainly not be used as a means to determine whether certain TAB place dividends represent value or not. Even the bookmaker knows that this fixed relationship often makes it difficult for him to balance his place book.

Because of the significance of place probabilities to both place and trifecta betting, we will discuss the history of place odds calculations at some length before looking at the exact solution to the problem.

BACKGROUND

A typical example used by many authors is the hypothetical race with nine runners all at odds of 8/1. The reason why the odds are 8/1 for each runner is because each runner has one chance of winning out of nine (as there are nine runners). In terms of odds, each runner has one chance of winning against 8 chances of losing hence the odds of 8/1. This is a perfectly 'true' market by the way as can be confirmed by adding the nine associated percentages of 11.1 together to get exactly 100 percent.

Because, in this hypothetical race, all runners are equally matched, the chances for any runner coming second must be the same as the chances for coming first. When you think about it this is the only way the chances for second could all be the same and still add up to 100%. Similarly the chances for third must all be the same and also add to 100 percent. (The chances for the three placings first, second and third of course add to 300 percent).

So the probability of one of these runners coming second is therefore 11.1% - and the same for coming third. The probability for the horse placing equals the sum of the probabilities for first, second and third, in this case 33.3 percent. As most of you will be aware, 33.3 percent represents odds of 2/1.

So in our hypothetical nine horse race the place odds are 2/1 or exactly one quarter of the win odds. To assist comparison with our next example we will turn this around and say the win odds are exactly 4 times the place odds.

In a hypothetical race of 15 equally matched horses the win odds are 14/1. The win probabilities are 6.67 percent as are the probabilities for second and third. The combined place probabilities are therefore 20 percent (three times 6.67) resulting in place odds of 4/1. So in this example the win odds are exactly 3.5 times the place odds.

In a hypothetical race of 24 equally matched horses the win odds are 23/1. The win probabilities are 4.16 percent as are the probabilities for second and third. The combined place probabilities are therefore 12.5 percent (three times 4.16) resulting in place odds of 7/1. So in this example the win odds are exactly 3.3 times the place odds.

Note: These hypothetical examples can be confirmed using the Tote Pro program by simply entering the desired number of runners and skipping the entry of prices for all runners. The program will automatically frame an evenly matched 100 percent market for the three separate outcomes first, second and third.

As you can now see, as the field size of our hypothetical race increases from eight, the place odds become greater than one quarter of the win odds and approach one third of the win odds.

This explains why bookmakers are more easily able to balance their place book on longer priced horses (because they should be offering place odds of almost one third the win odds but they are still offering just one quarter). Similarly, the bookmaker finds it harder to balance his place book on the shorter priced horses.

Even with this simplified approach taken so far we can make an important conclusion, namely that each-way odds greater than 4/1 generally do not represent value. This of course is contrary to what most punters think.

When thinking of this conclusion I am always reminded of the classic words of Alan Aitken in his book "The Racing Ready Reckoner" (published by Pan Books Australia in 1982). Referring to races with all runners greater than 4/1 Aitken said "Punters stampede to take those prices each way over 4/1, just as lemmings run headlong over cliffs into the sea, and both acts defy interpretation."

NO SIMPLE FORMULA FOR PLACE ODDS

Getting back to our hypothetical examples, you may have noticed that while the relationship between win odds and place odds was not fixed, that between the win percentage and place percentage was. The place probabilities were in all cases exactly three times the win probabilities.

This is not surprising when you remember that the win probabilities should add to 100 percent while the place probabilities should add to 300 percent (100 for each placing). Unfortunately this relationship is only valid in evenly matched races where all runners have equal chances of winning.

To convince you of this, consider the simple case of a race with a runner at even money. Multiplying its 50 percent win probability by three gives 150 percent which of course is a nonsense as there can be no such thing as an individual probability greater than 100 percent. (After all the probability of a runner finishing in any of the available finishing positions is just 100 percent).

So far we have concluded that place odds and probabilities cannot be arrived at by some fixed relationship that varies directly with win prices or probabilities. To find the correct solution we have to come to grips with the fact that the true place odds for a given runner are determined from the individual probabilities of a runner coming first, second and third.

To determine the probability of a given runner coming second we must consider all possible combinations in which the remaining runners can come first while the given runner comes second. And to determine the probability of a given runner coming third we must consider all possible combinations in which the remaining runners can be placed first and second while the given runner comes third. And these first, second and third probabilities vary not only from one horse to the next but even across the placings for the same horse. What's more, the probability for a 2-1 win chance coming second in one race will not be the same as in the next race. And similarly for third.

The next section provides more detail on this approach and can be skipped if you are not mathematically inclined.

THE EXACT PLACE ODDS SOLUTION

To our knowledge the only person to come close to publishing the correct method for determining place odds was Roger Dedman in his book "Commonsense Punting".

Dedman tabulated what he called fair place odds for second favourites when racing against short priced favourites. His fair place odds were a function of the win odds of the first and second favourites. He assumed the prices of the first and second favourites were fair and that the price of the remaining runners in the race did not materially affect the calculations.

We go much further and develop a method for determining fair place odds for any runner in a race. Like Dedman we assume that our win prices are fair (and if they are not, we re-frame them in such a way that they are). Unlike Dedman we consider the odds of all runners in a race (or at least those of the main chances) to be significant. Our approach, which is impractical to carry out without a computer, is outlined in the following paragraphs.

As previously mentioned, the probability of a horse finishing in a place equals the sum of the probabilities of the horse coming first, second and third. To determine these probabilities, let's suppose the horse we wish to determine the place odds for is horse X and the probability of this horse winning is P(X). Furthermore, we will assume the number of horses in the race equals N.

The probability of horse X coming first is simply the win probability, namely P(X). The probability of horse X coming second is more complicated. It equals the sum of the following probabilities:

P(Horse 1 wins AND Horse X comes second)

P(Horse 2 wins AND Horse X comes second)

P(Horse 3 wins AND Horse X comes second)

...

P(Horse N wins AND Horse X comes second)

As Dedman notes, the probability that Horse 1 wins and Horse X comes second is the same as the probability that Horse 1 wins times the probability that Horse X wins if Horse 1 is scratched. This is given by P(1)*P(X)/(1-P(1)) where P(1) is the probability that Horse 1 wins (and '*' is computer notation for multiply). Similarly for Horse 2 winning with Horse X coming second and so on.

A similar process is used to determine the probability of Horse X coming third but this time there are many more probabilities to add together as there are many more ways in which the remaining horses can fill the first two places. This will become apparent when you recognise that the probability of horse X coming third is equal to the sum of the following probabilities:

P(Horse 1 wins AND Horse 2 comes 2nd AND Horse X comes third)

P(Horse 1 wins AND Horse 3 comes 2nd AND Horse X comes third)

P(Horse 1 wins AND Horse 4 comes 2nd AND Horse X comes third)

...

P(Horse 1 wins AND Horse N comes 2nd AND Horse X comes third)

Plus the sum of:

P(Horse 2 wins AND Horse 1 comes 2nd AND Horse X comes third)

P(Horse 2 wins AND Horse 3 comes 2nd AND Horse X comes third)

P(Horse 2 wins AND Horse 4 comes 2nd AND Horse X comes third)

...

P(Horse 2 wins AND Horse N comes 2nd AND Horse X comes third)

Plus the sum of:

P(Horse 3 wins AND Horse 1 comes 2nd AND Horse X comes third)

P(Horse 3 wins AND Horse 2 comes 2nd AND Horse X comes third)

P(Horse 3 wins AND Horse 4 comes 2nd AND Horse X comes third)

...

P(Horse 3 wins AND Horse N comes 2nd AND Horse X comes third)

And so on right through to and including the sum of:

P(Horse N wins AND Horse 1 comes 2nd AND Horse X comes third)

P(Horse N wins AND Horse 2 comes 2nd AND Horse X comes third)

P(Horse N wins AND Horse 3 comes 2nd AND Horse X comes third)

...

P(Horse N wins AND Horse N-1 comes 2nd AND Horse X comes third)

Now the probability that Horse 1 wins and Horse 2 comes second and Horse X comes third first involves working out the probability that Horse X wins if both Horses 1 and 2 are scratched. This is equal to P(X)/{(1-P(1))*(1-P(2))} where P(1) is the probability that Horse 1 wins and where P(2) is the probability that Horse 2 wins. This is then multiplied by the probability that Horse 1 wins and Horse 2 comes second (the latter being determined as outlined on the previous page).

The same approach is used for all the other third placing probabilities and these are then all added together and then added to the collection of second place probabilities. With the exception of very small fields, there are literally hundreds of complex calculations and additions to be carried out. Now you will understand why the computer is virtually essential for carrying out such calculations and why anyone without one and the appropriate program will not be able to accurately determine fair place odds.

TRIFECTA PROBABILITIES

It shouldn't take too much convincing to realise that the chance of a particular trifecta combination getting up should be related to the respective first, second and third place chances of each horse - after all a trifecta of three horses A, B and C simply requires horse A to come first, horse B to come second and horse C to come third.

As previously outlined, the chance of a horse placing second or third depends not just on its chance of winning but also on the winning chances of every other horse in the race. As a result, a 2-1 horse in one race may have different chance of placing compared to a 2-1 horse in another race. It follows therefore that the chance of a trifecta getting up involving a 2-1 horse with a 4-1 horse and a 6-1 horse may also differ from one race to the next even though the three win prices are the same. Needless to say this makes the trifecta formula popularised by Roger Dedman and the late Don Scott obsolete.

Not surprisingly, place probabilities form the basis of our trifecta probability calculations with trifecta probabilities being determined by multiplication of the three respective place probabilities (subject to second place probabilities being adjusted so as not to include the first horse and so on).

Part Three: Place and Trifecta Betting Strategies

When using pre-race TAB approximates in Tote Pro, place value tends to be identified most frequently on the more favoured runners with high strike rates (and often easing dividends thanks to the mug punters go searching for misplaced value on the longer priced runners). These observations led to the Ultimate Place Betting System with high strike rate place bets that are over the odds.

THE ULTIMATE PLACE BETTING SYSTEM

The Ultimate Place Betting System has just two rules. They are as follows:

1. After using pre-race TAB win approximates in the Tote Pro program, consider only those place bets with a true place dividend of $1.25 or less.

2. Consider only those place bets that are also at least 10 percent over the odds and back them in proportion to the runner's predicted percentage place probability.

The first rule forces us to consider only those runners with a predicted strike rate of 80 percent or better. This is because a true place dividend of $1.25 represents 80 percent (as can be determined from dividing 100 by 1.25).

The second rule forces us to consider only those runners that are sufficiently over the odds to ensure long term profits. By relating bet sizes to the predicted place probability we ensure returns of at least 110 units (110 in the event of a 10 percent overlay, 120 for a 20 percent overlay and so on). As with the more traditional win betting to prices, outlays can never be more than 100 units.

In summary the Ultimate Place Betting System identifies place overlays at least 10% over the odds with predicted strike rates of at least 80%. This requires a true place price of $1.25 or less. ($1.25 is the theoretical place price that corresponds to an 80% strike rate). As predicted, more than 8 out of every 10 of these selections have collected to date with prices ranging from 10% to 40% over the odds.

A summary bets for Sydney and Melbourne Saturday meetings for the first ten months during which the strategy was released is tabled below.

| |Number of Bets: 100 |Outlay: $10,000 |

| |Number of Wins: 84 |Return: $11,344 |

| |Strike Rate: 84% |Profit: $1,344 or 13.4% |

|

Assuming profits continue to run at around $1,300 every 8 months, a $500 bank will double to $1,000 in just 6 months. Using a conservative progression whereby bets aren't doubled until the bank has doubled, a $500 bank would double to $1,000 in 6 months, $2,000 in a year, $4,000 in 18 months and $8,000 2 years. In the first year this represents a profit of 300%.

Please note we suggest you ignore any race where there are two or more selections or where there is one selection but that selection is not the favourite.

BETTING BANK CONSIDERATIONS

With the Ultimate Place Betting System strike rate guaranteed to be greater than 80 percent, it is clear that a run of 5 loses in a row would be extremely unlikely and a run of 10 loses in a row virtually impossible. Accordingly, between 5 and 10 percent of ones bank could be used each bet. Since bets vary between 80 units and 100 units, a bank of 500 units would be reasonably adequate while a bank of 1000 units would be virtually unbreakable.

With a bank of $5,000, bets would be in the range $800 to $1,000. While you need not bet this big, we suggest you not exceed this level as dividends and profits could start falling.

The following table will assist you in determining whether a possible selection is 10% or more over the odds. It lists all dividends from $1.00 to $1.25 in the left hand column (TRUE DIV) and the required 10% increased dividend in the right hand column (TRUE DIV PLUS 10%).

| |TRUE DIV |TRUE DIV PLUS 10% |

|

| |1.00 |1.10 |

|

| |1.01 |1.11 |

|

| |1.02 |1.12 |

|

| |1.03 |1.13 |

|

| |1.04 |1.14 |

|

| |1.05 |1.16 |

|

| |1.06 |1.17 |

|

| |1.07 |1.18 |

|

| |1.08 |1.19 |

|

| |1.09 |1.20 |

|

| |1.10 |1.21 |

|

| |1.11 |1.22 |

|

| |1.12 |1.23 |

|

| |1.13 |1.24 |

|

| |1.14 |1.25 |

|

| |1.15 |1.27 |

|

| |1.16 |1.28 |

|

| |1.17 |1.29 |

|

| |1.18 |1.30 |

|

| |1.19 |1.31 |

|

| |1.20 |1.32 |

|

| |1.21 |1.33 |

|

| |1.22 |1.34 |

|

| |1.23 |1.35 |

|

| |1.24 |1.36 |

|

| |1.25 |1.38 |

|

TRIFECTA BETTING STRATEGIES

As we have seen, Bet Selector first determines the probability of each runner placing first, second and third before determining the place odds for each runner. These probabilities are ideal for trifecta bettors who without them would just have to use win probabilities and prices to help pick selections for each of the three trifecta placings.

You should not be surprised to learn that the best way to determine how many runners should be included for first second and third in trifectas is not by counting them in terms of numbers but by counting them in terms of percentages. So rather than say put the top three for first, the top four for second and the top five for third, it is better to say put the top 40% for first, top 60% for second and top 80% for third.

The benefit of the Bet Selector program is that it supplies the percentage probabilities for first, second and third which are required for this approach. In addition, the usual minimum and maximum trifecta dividend bounds can also be set and individual runners can be selected or de-selected for first, second and third.

CONCLUSIONS

Use of our new place probabilities as applied by Tote Pro indicates there are big profits to be made from both trifecta and place betting. And with more and more punters incorrectly betting large sums into trifecta and place pools courtesy of other methods on the market, we know the profits from our place and trifecta betting strategies can be shared with you without in any way damaging our collective ability to make big money in these pools.

While the simplicity of place betting leads to just one major place betting strategy, the number of extra parameters and possibilities for trifecta betting leads to a variety of trifecta betting strategies.

The Ultimate Place Betting Strategy will continue to perform thanks to the majority of punters who shy away from very short priced place dividends in favour of win dividends or other place bets. And thanks to the new trifecta mathematics available no where else on the market other than in Tote Pro, trifecta profits will also be assured for users of the program - and not just because of the value provided by the new mathematics but because of the endless variety of profitable trifecta strategies.

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