Ms. Montalbano's 7th grade Science - Home



7th grade Science Spring Exam Review Key 2013-PAP

1. Student 4

2. A. What is the IV? Supplement given B. What is the DV? _growth rate

C. What are the controls? Type of plant, amounts of sun and water

3. C. As the temperature of water surrounding algae cells increases, the rate of photosynthesis will

decrease.

4. D. a triple beam balance and a graduated cylinder

5. A. Student 1 conducts an experiment with one plant receiving light and 10 mL of water and a second

plant receiving 10 mL of water, but no light.

6. A. Repeat the test

7. Levels of Organization:

List and define each level of organization from simple to complex.

Cell-basic unit of structure and function

Tissue-group of similar cells that perform the same function

Organ-structure composed of different kinds of tissue

Organ system-group of organs that work together to perform a major function

Organism-a group of organ systems that work together to allow an individual to function

|Human Body System |Structures (organs) |Functions (job) |

|Skeletal |bones |Provide shape and support |

| | |Store minerals Produce blood cells |

| | |Protect organs Allow movement |

|Muscular |muscles |Allow movement |

|Integumentary |Skin, hair, nails |Protection, removes excess water, regulates body temperature, |

| | |produces vitamin D, first line of defense from |

| | |infection/injury, Gathers information about the environment |

|Digestive |Mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, liver, gall |Breaks down food, absorbs nutrients, eliminates solid wastes |

| |bladder, pancreas, small intestine, large | |

| |intestine, rectum, anus | |

|Excretory |Kidneys, ureters, urethra, bladder |Filters waste from the blood |

| | |Eliminates liquid wastes |

|Circulatory |Heart, arteries, veins, capillaries, blood |Transports needed materials (oxygen/other nutrients) and wastes|

| | |to and from the cells in your body |

|Respiratory |Nose, pharynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs, alveoli |Gas Exchange- Takes in oxygen and removes water and carbon |

| | |dioxide |

|Nervous |Brain, spinal cord, nerves |Communication & coordination - Receives information from inside|

| | |and outside your body and directs body’s response |

|Endocrine |Hypothalamus, Pituitary Gland, Thyroid Gland, |Produce and release hormones that regulate body functions |

| |Thymus, Parathyroid Glands, Adrenal Glands, | |

| |Pancreas, Ovaries (female), Testes (male) | |

|Reproductive |Top Picture : Female: vagina, ovaries, uterus, |Produce sex cells for reproduction |

| |fallopian tubes | |

| |Bottom Picture: Male: penis, testes, scrotum | |

1. Explain how the below systems work together:

8. Skeletal and Muscular: They work together to move the body. Muscles are attached to bones, which move when the muscles contract.

9. Circulatory and Endocrine: Circulatory system carries hormones produced by the endocrine system to other parts of the body. The circulatory system also responds to signals from the endocrine system to speed up the heart rate when needed as part of the fight or flight response.

10. Nervous and Circulatory: Nervous system sends signals to the heart to speed up when more oxygen is needed

11. Excretory and Integumentary: Sweat glands in the skin (part of the integumentary system) release excess water.

12. Endocrine & Reproductive: Endocrine produces and releases hormones that cause changes/development of reproductive organs.

13. Fill in the chart for the Muscular System.

|Type of Muscle |Voluntary or Involuntary |Where located |Striated or Non Striated |

|Skeletal |voluntary |Attached to bones |Striated |

|smooth |involuntary |internal organs |Nonstriated |

|cardiac |involuntary |heart |striated |

14. Complete the following table about joints. Put a star by the one with the greatest range of motion.

|Name of Joint |Describe the Motion |Where it is located |

|ball and socket |Rotation |Shoulder, hip |

|hinge |Back and forth |Knee, elbow, finger |

|pivot |Turning around something stable |Neck |

|gliding |Sliding |Wrist, ankles |

|immovable |No movement |cranium |

15. Write the name of the connective tissue next to its definition & label the picture.

Tendon A. Connects muscles to bones or muscles to muscles

Ligament B. Connects bone to bone

Cartilage C. Cushions bones

16. Identify the Parts of the two diagrams.

17. List the order of the digestive tract organs from beginning to end. Then list the digestive system accessory organs.

Digestive Tract: mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum anus

Accessory Organs: liver, pancreas, gallbladder, appendix

18. List the order of the excretory system organs starting with the kidneys.

Kidneys ( ureters ( urinary bladder ( urethra

19. Sequencing: Order the sentences 1-7 showing the correct flow of blood.

___1___ Oxygen-poor blood moves from the body through large veins called the Superior Vena Cava or Inferior Vena Cava to the right atrium then through a valve into the right ventricle.

___4___ It again passes through a valve into the left ventricle, where it is pumped through the aorta to the rest of the body.

___6___ The capillaries leave oxygen and other nutrients behind and pick up carbon dioxide and other wastes.

___3___ The now oxygen-rich blood moves from the lungs into the left atrium.

___7___ After moving through capillaries, the now oxygen-poor blood moves into larger and larger veins (the Superior Vena Cava or Inferior Vena Cava), which carry the blood back to the right atrium of the heart to begin the cycle again.

___5___ The aorta branches off into more and more arteries, which eventually branch off into tiny capillaries to carry the blood to all of the organs.

___2___ It is pumped from the right ventricle into the lungs, where it picks up oxygen and leaves carbon dioxide.

20. Choose 3 glands/organs from the endocrine system to complete the chart.

|Thymus |Near heart - Antibody formation (T-cells) in the blood |

|Thyroid |Near trachea – regulates how quickly the body uses energy (glucose) & physical/mental growth |

|Parathyroid |Near trachea - Control use of calcium, bone growth, muscle tone & nervous activity |

|Pituitary |Near base of brain – regulates skeletal growth & development of reproductive organs |

|Adrenal |Top of kidneys – secretes cortisol to regulate water/salt balance, secretes adrenaline to increase the heart rate (usually in |

| |emergencies) |

|Pancreas |Near stomach/small intestine – secretes insulin to control level of sugars in the blood |

|Ovaries |Near urinary bladder (Found internally in women) – secrete female hormones of estrogen & progesterone;cause changes in teenage female |

| |bodies (lining of the uterus) |

|Testes |Inside of scrotum (Found externally in men) – secrete male hormones of testosterone; cause changes in teenage male bodies (hair |

| |growth, body size, and deepening of voice) |

21. Describe the process that occurs between the 3 types of neurons to allow your body to release urine.

■ Sensory Neuron - picks up stimulus from the inside the bladder and convert each stimulus into a nerve impulse (the message)

■ Interneuron - a neuron that transports nerve impulse from one neuron to another to the brain

■ Motor neuron – the brain sends the impulse to the smooth muscle that makes up the bladder and the muscle contracts as the response when we are in the bathroom.

22. Label the parts of the brain & fill in the blanks on the picture.

Stimulus and Response

23. What is the difference between a stimulus and response?

Stimulus-change in surroundings that cause a response

Response-change in behavior in reaction to a stimulus

24. Give an example of a stimulus and a stimulus sentence. Make sure to label each.

Someone jumps out from behind a door (stimulus) and you scream (response)

You eat expired food (stimulus) and you vomit (response)

25. What is the difference between learned behavior and an instinct?

Learned behaviors are taught by others; instincts are known from birth

26. What are the 4 types of tropisms? Define each one.

← Geotropism - Gravity causes a response in a plants growth.

← Hydrotropism - The way a plant grows or bends in response to water.

← Thigmotropism - Plants bend or grow because of touch. An example would be when vines wrap around an arbor frame.

← Phototropism - The way a plant grows or bends in response to light.

Change Over Time

27. Define the following terms:

a. biodiversity-number of different species in an area

b. natural selection-organisms that are best suited for the environment will survive and reproduce

c. sustainability-using a resource so that it is not depleted or permanently damaged

d. mutation-a change in a gene or chromosome

e. adaptation-trait that allows an organism to survive in an area

f. homeostasis – the process of maintaining an internal balance inside of a system

Force and Motion

28. What is work? How do you describe work?

Work is a force that moves an object over a distance. For work to be done, the force and the motion

must be in the same direction.

29. What is the formula for calculating work? Work = Force X Distance

30. Give three examples describing “work being done” and “no work being done”?

Work-pushing a baby carriage, lifting a weight, closing a door

No work-carrying groceries, mother carrying a baby, teacher delivering a lecture

31. What is an advantage of using a machine to do work? What are simple machines? Why are they important?

Machines are devices that make work easier by transferring a force from one place to another,

changing the direction of a force, increasing the magnitude of a force, or increasing the distance or

speed of a force.

32. Suppose you use a force of 75 N to lift a bowling ball off the floor. In doing so, you did 100 J of work. Over what distance did you move the bowling ball?

D = W/F = 100J / 75N = 1.3 m

33. You and a friend together apply a force if 1,000 N to a push a box 10m. How much work is being done?

W=FXD = 1000N X 10m = 10,000 J

34. If you push a box 3m with at a rate of 225J. How much force is being applied to the box?

F = W/D = 225J / 3m = 75 N

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