Part II: Student Selected Response Questions (50% of Total ...



Name: _______________ Date: __________ Block: __________

MCA Study Guide Q4

Part 1: Short Answer

1. Under the concept of imperialism, what did strong nations try to do?

2. What are the factors in the growth of imperialism?

3. How did Anti-imperialists view imperialism? Why?

4. The Progressive movement was a response to rapid, unplanned changes caused by what?

5. What belief was held by most Progressives?

6. What did municipal reformers favor in the early 1900s?

7. In the late 1800s, journalists Henry George and Edward Bellamy both believed in what?

8. Most Progressives agreed that the government should do what to in regards to workers?

9. What problem did Progressives have with the Sherman Anti-Trust Act of 1890?

10. Municipal reformers aimed to do what?

11. Journalists known as muckrakers did what?

12. A civil service based on merit would require anyone that held a government job would have to do what prior to receiving the job?

13. Some Americans resisted progressive reforms because they disliked what about the reforms?

14. Name the Central Powers of WWI.

15. What event triggered a chain of events leading to the declaration of war in Europe?

16. Who made up the Allied Powers in WWI?

17. Much of the warfare in WWI consisted of a type of fighting on the battle field known as what?

18. What is the joining together of nations for mutual protection is known as?

19. In the Zimmerman Note, Germany proposed an alliance with what country?

20. Much of Europe was drawn into WWI because of what cause of the war?

21. What did the Sussex Pledge state?

22. Americans thought German submarine warfare was what?

23. How did Americans feel, in regards to WWI, after the Russian Revolution in March 1917?

24. In March 1917 Wilson urged Congress to declare war on Germany when the Germans did what?

25. The overall goal of President Wilson’s Fourteen Points was to bring what to the world?

26. In the Senate, the main criticism of the League of nations was that it would do what to America?

27. Under the terms of the peace treaty, Germany had to do what?

28. Why did Americans fear Communists?

29. What did Republican Presidents in the 1920s generally favor?

30. In the 1920s, many Americans consumers began to adopt the practice of what?

31. Henry Ford’s dream was to sell cars that who could afford?

32. The new morals and manners of the 1920s were reflected in what part of the culture?

33. The growth of radio and other mass media in the 1920s produced what?

34. What could someone listen to at the clubs in the Harlem district of New York City?

35. Who are the Lost Generation? What did they do?

36. What was one of the unforeseen results of Prohibition?

37. What legal right was at issues in the Scopes trial?

38. What group lost some momentum as a result of the Scopes trial?

Part 2: Constructed Response

39. What were at the MAIN causes of WWI? Make sure to explain them.

40. Why did the United States join WWI? List and explain at least 3 reasons.

Part 3: Documents

41. Document: Woodrow Wilson Declaration of Neutrality

On August 19, 1914 as World War I engulfed Europe, President Woodrow Wilson delivered this address to the U.S. Congress, maintaining American neutrality in the conflict. The United States successfully stayed out of the war until April 1917.

The effect of the war upon the United States will depend upon what American citizens say and do. Every man who really loves America will act and speak in the true spirit of neutrality, which is the spirit of impartiality and fairness and friendliness to all concerned. The spirit of the nation in this critical matter will be determined largely by what individuals and society and those gathered in public meetings do and say, upon what newspapers and magazines contain, upon what ministers utter in their pulpits, and men proclaim as their opinions upon the street.

The people of the United States are drawn from many nations, and chiefly from the nations now at war. It is natural and inevitable that there should be the utmost variety of sympathy and desire among them with regard to the issues and circumstances of the conflict. Some will wish one nation, others another, to succeed in the momentous struggle. It will be easy to excite passion and difficult to allay it. Those responsible for exciting it will assume a heavy responsibility, responsibility for no less a thing than that the people of the United States, whose love of their country and whose loyalty to its government should unite them as Americans all, bound in honor and affection to think first of her and her interests, may be divided in camps of hostile opinion, hot against each other, involved in the war itself in impulse and opinion if not in action.

Such divisions amongst us would be fatal to our peace of mind and might seriously stand in the way of the proper performance of our duty as the one great nation at peace, the one people holding itself ready to play a part of impartial mediation and speak the counsels of peace and accommodation, not as a partisan, but as a friend.

I venture, therefore, my fellow countrymen, to speak a solemn word of warning to you against that deepest, most subtle, most essential breach of neutrality which may spring out of partisanship, out of passionately taking sides. The United States must be neutral in fact, as well as in name, during these days that are to try men's souls. We must be impartial in thought, as well as action, must put a curb upon our sentiments, as well as upon every transaction that might be construed as a preference of one party to the struggle before another.

 

MLA Citation

"Woodrow Wilson: Declaration of Neutrality (1914)." American History. ABC-CLIO, 2011. Web. 4 May 2011.

1. What was the United States position at the start of WWI? Why was this their position? How do you know?

42. Document: Boy Scouts of America: Boy Scouts Support the War Effort pamphlet (1917)

In 1917, the newly created Boy Scouts of America issued this pamphlet to encourage boys to engage in such homefront activities as planting vegetable gardens and recycling a variety of products to support the U.S. effort in World War I. Although the Boy Scouts were originally formed to promote good citizenship, many Americans believed the organization could serve as an important training ground for the U.S. military, a role particularly emphasized during wartime. An excerpt of the pamphlet appears below.

To the Members of the Boy Scouts of America!

Attention, Scouts! We are again called upon to do active service for our country! Every one of the 285,661 Scouts and 76,957 Scout Officials has been summoned by President Woodrow Wilson, Commander-in-Chief of the Army and Navy, to serve as a dispatch bearer from the Government at Washington to the American people all over the country. The prompt, enthusiastic, and hearty response of every one of us has been pledged by our [Scout] President, Mr. Livingstone. Our splendid record of accomplishments in war activities promises full success in this new job.

This patriotic service will be rendered under the slogan: "EVERY SCOUT TO BOOST AMERICA" AS A GOVERNMENT DISPATCH BEARER. The World War is for liberty and democracy.

America has long been recognized as the leader among nations standing for liberty and democracy. American entered the war as a sacred duty to uphold the principles of liberty and democracy.

As a democracy, our country faces great danger—not so much from submarines, battleships and armies, because, thanks to our allies, our enemies have apparently little chance of reaching our shores.

Our danger is from within. Our enemies have representatives everywhere; they tell lies; they mispresent the truth; they deceive our own people; they are a real menace to our country.

Already we have seen how poor Russia has been made to suffer because her people do not know the truth. Representatives of the enemy have been very effective in their deceitful efforts to make trouble for the Government.

Fortunately here in America our people are better educated—they want the truth. Our President recognized the justice and wisdom of this demand when in the early stages of the war he created the Committee on Public Information. He knew that the Government would need the confidence, enthusiasm and willing service of every man and woman, every boy and girl in the nation. He knew that the only possible way to create a genuine feeling of partnership between the people and its representatives in Washington was to take the people into his confidence by full, frank statements concerning the reasons for our entering the war, the various steps taken during the war and the ultimate aims of the war.

Neither the President as Commander-in-Chief, nor our army and navy by land and sea, can alone win the war. At this moment the best defense that America has is an enlightened and loyal citizenship. Therefore, we as scouts are going to have the opportunity of rendering real patriotic service under our slogan.

"EVERY SCOUT TO BOOST AMERICA" AS A GOVERNMENT DISPATCH BEARER.

Here is where our service begins. We are to help spread the facts about America and America's part in the World War. We are to fight lies with truth.

We are to help create public opinion "just as effective in helping to bring victory as ships and guns," to stir patriotism, the great force behind the ships and guns. Isn't that a challenge for every loyal Scout?

"EVERY SCOUT TO BOOST AMERICA" AS A GOVERNMENT DISPATCH BEARER: HOW?

As Mr. George Creel, the Chairman of the Committee on Public Information, says in his letter, scouts are to serve as direct special representatives of the Committee on Public Information to keep the people informed about the War and its causes and progress. The Committee has already prepared a number of special pamphlets and other will be prepared. It places upon the members of the Boy Scouts of America the responsibility of putting the information in these pamphlets in homes of the American people. Every Scout will be furnished a credential card by his Scoutmaster. Under the direction of our leaders, the Boy Scouts of America are to serve as an intelligence division of the citizens' army, always prepared and alert to respond to any call which may come from the President of the United States and the Committee on Public Information at Washington.

order that all of the members of his troop may be completely informed. Each scout and scout official is expected to seize every opportunity to serve the Committee on Public Information by making available authoritative information. It is up to the Boy Scouts to see that as many people as possible have an intelligent understanding of any and all facts incident to our present national crisis and the World War. . . .

PAMPHLETS NOW READY FOR CIRCULATION

Note: A set will be sent to every Scoutmaster. You will need to know what is in these pamphlets so as to act as a serviceable bureau of information and be able to give each person the particular intelligence he seeks.

 

MLA Citation

"Boy Scouts of America: Boy Scouts Support the War Effort pamphlet (1917)." American History. ABC-

2. According to the document, why does the government have the right to use propaganda during war time? How do you know?

Part 4: Constructed Response

Excerpt #1: A Victorian Woman’s Values

Whether married or single all Victorian women were expected to be weak and helpless, a fragile delicate flower incapable of making decisions beyond selecting the menu and ensuring her many children were taught moral values.  A gentlewoman ensured that the home was a place of comfort for her husband and family from the stresses of Industrial Britain. A woman's prime use was to bear a large family and maintain a smooth family atmosphere where a man need not bother himself about domestic matters.  He assumed his house would run smoothly so he could get on with making money. A wealthy wife was supposed to spend her time reading, sewing, receiving guests, going visiting, letter writing, seeing to the servants and dressing for the part as her husband's social representative. 

The Victorian head of household dressed his women to show off family wealth.  As the 19th century progressed dress became more and more lavish until clothing dripped with lace and beading as the new century dawned. A wealthy woman's day was governed by etiquette rules that encumbered her with up to six wardrobe changes a day and the needs varied over three seasons a year.  A lady changed through a wide range of clothing as occasion dictated. 

Excerpt #2: Pictures of Victorian Women

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Excerpt #3: Description of the “New Woman” of the 1920s

“Hot stuff, isn’t it?” she asked lazily.

Hugh was startled. Her breath was redolent of whisky….

As the evening wore on he danced with a good many girls who had whisky breaths. One girl clung to him as they danced and whispered, “Hold me up, kid; I’m ginned.” He had to rush a third, a dainty blond child, to the porch railing. It wasn’t a pretty sight as she vomited into the garden; nor did Hugh find her gasped comment, “The seas are rough to-night,” amusing. Another girl went sound asleep in a chair and had to be carried up-stairs and put to bed….

Excerpt #4: Pictures of the Flappers of the 1920s

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Question: Compare the Victorian woman to the flapper. Provide one piece of evidence (for both the Victorian woman and the flapper) to support your analysis.

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