University of Montana



Using Sources and Avoiding Plagiarism: Two sample in-class exercises and discussion startersExample OneWhy do we use information and ideas from outside sources in academic papers?What is the definition of plagiarism and how does it harm others?What are the consequences of plagiarism?What are three ways to use source material in your paper?1.2. 3.When is the appropriate time to use sources in each of these ways?1.2.3.When do you need to use citations?What is the purpose of citations?Example Two1Original passage:Despite the overwhelming poverty, black residents in inner-city neighborhoods verbally reinforce, rather than undermine, the basic American values pertaining to individual initiative. For example, the large survey of the UPFLS found that nearly all the black respondents felt that plain hard work is either very important or somewhat important for getting ahead… Nonetheless, given constraints and limited opportunities facing people in inner-city neighborhoods, it is altogether reasonable to assume that many of those who subscribe to these values will, in the final analysis, find it difficult to live up to them. (W.J. Wilson, When Work Disappears, 1996, p. 67)_____________________________________________________________________________________Your task: Identify whether the writer is summarizing, quoting, or paraphrasing and whether the use of information would be considered plagiarism1. The lack of opportunities to be found in the inner city often prevents residents of these areas from demonstrating their values of hard work.2. The lack of opportunities to be found in the inner city often prevents residents of these areas from demonstrating their values of hard work (Wilson, 1996).3. Black residents in inner-city neighborhoods verbally reinforce, rather than undermine, the basic American values pertaining to individual initiative.4. Wilson (1996) argues that “[b]lack residents in inner-city neighborhoods verbally reinforce, rather than undermine, the basic American values pertaining to individual initiative” (p. 67).5. African Americans living in the central city verbally reinforce, rather than reject, the basic American ideals pertaining to individual initiative.6. African Americans living in the central city verbally reinforce, rather than reject, the basic American ideals pertaining to individual initiative (Wilson, 1996, p. 67).7. According to Wilson (1996), the ideals and values regarding self-reliance and hard work held by black inner-city residents are similar to those held by other Americans (p. 67).1Exercise adapted from The Student’s Guide to Avoiding Plagiarism, Department of Sociology, Western Washington University. ................
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