LEBANESE REPUBLIC- Social Protection and Promotion Project



4914900-666750E4123 v1E4123 v1Republic of LebanonMinistry of Social AffairsENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL ASSESSMENT FRAMEWORK (ESAF)Social Promotion and Protection Project January 2013LIST OF ACRONYMS AND ABRIVIATIONSSPPPSocial Promotion & Protection ProjectMOSAMinistry of Social AffairsCDDCommunity Driven DevelopmentCSDCommunity Social DevelopmentCSOCivil Society OrganizationsESMPEnvironmental and Social Management PlanESAFEnvironmental & Social Assessment FrameworkIGAIncome Generation ActivitiesOMOperation ManualPCTProject Coordinating TeamSDCSocial Development CentersEIAEnvironmental Impact AssessmentIAImplementing AgencyLCPLocal Community PlatformMOEMinistry of EnvironmentESEnvironmental SpecialistTABLE OF CONTENTSList of Acronyms and abbreviationsEXECUTIVE SUMMARY 5INTRODUCTIONBackground 7Implementation11Institutional & Implementation Arrangements11Purpose of the Environmental Social Assessment Framework (ESAF) 12POLICY, LEGAL, ADMINISTRATIVE & ENVIRONMENTAL FRAMEWORKRegulatory Framework for Environmental Impact Assessment14Existing Environmental Legislations14 2..2.1. International Conventions142.2.2. Existing Lebanese Legislations15Permit procedures16POTENTIAL SIGNIFICANT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS &MITIGATION PROCEDURESPositive Environmental Impact16Consultation & Public Disclosure16Future Capacity Building Initiatives17Negative Environmental Impact & Mitigation Measures17IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTSEnvironmental Guidelines18Environmental Assessment18ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN (ESMP)Objectives & Structure of the ESMP19Implementation of Mitigation Measures19Training Program & Capacity Building20Environmental Monitoring23Sub-project Cycle24Screening of Sub-projects24Environmental & Social Screening Process25Sub-project Screening Procedures25Environmental Sub-project Screening Checklist25Assign Environmental Categories28Carrying Out Environmental Work28Review and Approval28Monitoring and Follow Up29Monitoring Indicators29Staffing & Capacities of MOSA in Environmental Safeguards29ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEW PROCEDURES & GUIDELINESStatus of the SPPP Environmental Review32Institutional Arrangement32Program Cycle33Promotion of sub-projects34Formulation of Sub-projects34Appraisal & Approval of Proposed Programs35Implementation & Monitoring35ANNEXESANNEX I. PRIMARY OBJECTIVES OF MITIGATION MEASURES 36ANNEX II ENVIRONMENTAL FRAMEWORK IN LEBANON37ANNEXIII TERMS OF REFERENCE FOR THE PREPARATION OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN (ESMP)43Table 1 ESMP TEMPLATES (MITIGATION MEASURES)47Table 2 ESMP TEMPLATES (TRAINING & CAPACITY BUILDING)48Table 3 ESMP TEMPLATES (MONITORING)49ANNEX IV PUBLIC CONSULTATION 50EXECUTIVE SUMMARYThis Report has been prepared to present the environmental requirements and guidelines for the Social Promotion and Protection Project (SPPP) that the Government of Lebanon is planning to initiate through the Ministry of Social Affairs (MOSA). Project DescriptionThe project consists of three components: (i) developing the role and capacity of Social Development Centers (SDCs); (ii) establishing and supporting an effective national program in MOSA to finance community developed and driven projects; and, (iii) continued roll-out and institutionalization of the National Poverty Targeting Program (NPTP). This Environmental Social Assessment Framework (ESAF) is designed to ensure protection of the health and livelihood of beneficiaries and the environment.? The framework is intended to protect against both local impacts of individual subprojects, and the cumulative impact of many similar subprojects in the same area.Many subprojects have little or no adverse impact.? However, it is important to acknowledge possible unfavorable effects.?Experience shows that CDD projects need to establish simple social and environmental assessment procedures to avoid causing adverse harm to human health and the environment.The main elements of the Environmental Social Assessment Framework are : (1) Tools: These tools usually include guidance written in the local language and presented in a form easily understood by community facilitators (2)Implementation Arrangements: A description of roles and responsibilities to ensure that the identification, avoidance and mitigation of environmental and social risks should be built into sub-project preparation, appraisal and supervision?(3) Capacity Building: Training must be provided to ensure that every person with a role in the safeguard implementation arrangements is able to fulfill their responsibilities?(4) Supervision and Monitoring: Arrangements should be in place to supervise both the adequacy and application of the safeguard management tools (5) Audit: During preparation of the program, it is useful to agree that an independent audit of the Safeguards Management Framework will be undertaken at mid-term, to draw lessons and recommend improvements.The implementation of the SPPP falls under the responsibility of MOSA who would be in charge of coordinating the various activities through its Social Development Centers (SDC) with concerned local governments, and NGOs. A Project Coordination Team (PCT) will be established and would comprise experts with relevant experience in implementing similar projects, and with proven capacity to handle all functions required in such a project. Among its mandates, the PCT will ensure that any sponsored subproject is environmentally sound and sustainable.The World Bank Operational Policy (OP 4.01) on Environmental Assessment (January 1999) defines the Bank’s environmental assessment requirements to ensure that funded projects are environmentally sound and sustainable. A screening process is undertaken for all funded projects to assess the magnitude and adversity of predicted environmental impacts and to determine the appropriate extent and type of EA. Depending on the type, location, sensitivity and scale of the project as well as the nature and magnitude of environmental impacts, projects are classified into one of three categories:(a)- Category A:Projects that are likely to cause significant and possibly irremediable environmental impacts.(b)- Category B:Projects that might cause lesser adverse impacts than those of Category A and the impacts are often remediable or mitigable.(c)- Category C:Projects which could have minimal or no adverse environmental impacts.Subprojects funded by the SPPP are classified as Category B or Category C. Sub-projects found to be category A as per World Bank environmental safeguards classification will not be funded by the project.Following this division, sub-projects falling only under categories B will need Environmental and Social Management Plans (ESMPs) to be prepared and reviewed for clearance prior to providing final approval for the sub-project. This document describes the needed step and tools that need to be looked at in the design of the sub-project as well as the mitigation measures needed for implementation that takes into account all environmental and social considerations and thus mitigates for any negative impacts in this regard.1.Introduction1.1BackgroundThis document constitutes an integral part of the Project Appraisal Document intended for a World Bank loan to the Government of Lebanon at a total value of USD 30 Million for the implementation of the Social Promotion and Protection Project (SPPP). It has been prepared to present the environmental requirements and guidelines for the SPPP that the Government of Lebanon is planning to initiate through the Ministry of Social Affairs (MOSA). PROJECT DEVELOPMENT OBJECTIVES Project Development ObjectiveThe development objective of SPPP is to increase access to social development services at the community level, improve the coverage and targeting of the National Poverty Targeting Program (NPTP), and build the capacity of the Ministry of Social Affairs (MOSA) at the central and the Social Development Center (SDC) levels.Project BeneficiariesThe SPPP beneficiaries consist of the following three categories: Poor and Vulnerable Households and Community Members. The ultimate beneficiaries of the project include: (a) vulnerable individuals and households (e.g., children, elderly, youth at risk, school dropouts, disabled, drug addicts and their families, victims of domestic violence) who will have improved access to social services provided by SDCs; (b) poor and vulnerable individuals who will receive assistance through income generating activities (IGAs), as well as others in the community who will find new employment or experience increased earnings stimulated by growth of IGAs; and (c) the poor households who will be eligible to receive NPTP benefits. MOSA. The project will help strengthen MOSA’s capacity to carry out its official mandate, both at the central level and through the SDCs at the local levels. In particular, MOSA will be supported in managing the implementation of small projects using a community-based, demand-driven and participatory approach, so as to position itself as the main government actor for community development activities in the social sphere. At the same time, the continued implementation of the NPTP will help MOSA develop the skills needed for administering well-targeted and efficient social safety nets. Civil Society Organizations (CSOs). CSOs will also benefit from the project, as they will have an opportunity to improve their capacity to propose, prepare, and implement income-generating projects and social services at the community level.Project ComponentsThe SPPP will have the following four components: (1) Social Development Centers (SDCs); (2) Community Social Development Program (CSD); (3) National Poverty Targeting Program (NPTP); and (4) Project Coordination Team (PCT). Component 1, which focuses on building the capacity of the SDCs, is cross-cutting between Components 2 and 3, as the SDCs are the local implementing arms of MOSA’s mandate. Specifically, both the CSD and NPTP programs rely on the SDCs for ponent 1: Social Development Centers (SDCs) (US$9.52 million total cost, of which US$9.08 million to be financed from the loan)The objective of this component is to enhance the administrative and operational capacity of the SDCs to enable them to offer social services of improved quality and relevance. This component will also include key cross-component functions such as monitoring and evaluation, social accountability measures, and communication outreach. To achieve the above, this component will consist of the following sub-components: Equipping, automating, and electronically linking the SDCs to the central unit at MOSA. The project will finance: (i) necessary equipment and software to computerize systems and processes at the SDCs (e.g., creating databases) and to ensure proper processing of NPTP transactions; (ii) the establishment of a computerized, modular MIS, with dedicated modules for the CSD and NPTP programs as well as for other core functions (e.g., procurement, financial management) and accessible to both SDCs and the central MOSA unit; (iii) internet connectivity between the SDCs and MOSA; and (iv) small works and equipment to refurbish and rehabilitate the SDCs, as needed. Building and empowering the human resources of the SDCs. The project will finance training of SDC staff, including in: (i) the use of new equipment and systems; (ii) specific topics to support the implementation of the CSD and NPTP programs such as handling grievances, writing proposals, and applying case management and participatory munity participation. The project will finance capacity building and technical assistance for SDCs to: (i) establish mechanisms at the SDC level to facilitate community consultation in the SDC catchment area in the form of “Local Consultative Platforms” (LCP), and (ii) create inventories of local social service providers, carry out social needs assessments and prioritization, and establish referral systems to ensure that social services match community needs.Monitoring and Evaluation, Social Audits and Communication Outreach (see Section IV. B for further details). The project will finance the development of a comprehensive M&E system relying primarily on the computerized MIS, as well as training of MOSA staff and the project team to use it. This will include assessing the performance of the present NPTP M&E system, improving it as needed, and carrying out short surveys on a regular basis (e.g., opinion polls). As part of the monitoring effort as well as to promote good governance, this component will finance social audits. Communication outreach campaigns for the NPTP and the CSD programs will also be ponent 2: Community Social Development Program (CSD) (US$17.29 million total cost, of which US$12.32 million to be financed from the loan)This component aims to establish a transparent, accountable and efficient national CSD program that will finance community-based sub-projects through grants. The CSD program is designed building on the experience of the World Bank-supported Community Development Project (2001-2008), MOSA experiences, as well as lessons learnt from other CDD programs in Lebanon and around the world. Grant sizes are limited to US$50,000 equivalent, implementation time for each sub-grant is one year, and beneficiaries will be required to make contributions upfront. Targeting will be done according to two criteria: (a) geographic targeting to prioritize areas of greater poverty and deprivation (e.g., Akkar district), based on information from updated poverty estimates and studies carried out by various donors (e.g., the European Union), and (b) categorical targeting to prioritize vulnerable groups (e.g., the handicapped), based on MOSA’s mandate. The component will consist of the following two sub-components:Establishment of a National Community Social Development Program in MOSA: the project will finance technical assistance in the form of key experts (e.g., CSD program manager, engineer, social specialist, income-generating specialist) who will manage a transparent process of calls for proposals, screening and prioritization of proposals, and monitoring and supervision of sub-grant implementation.Funding community-driven sub-projects. The project will provide grants to eligible applicants (primarily SDCs and CSO) whose projects have been selected through the national funding mechanism and will consist of two windows, as follows:Social services: The SDCs as well as NGOs and local authorities, will be invited to apply for grants in support of social services that address a proven social need within the community, and which are in line with the mandates of the SDC (e.g., targeting children, elderly, youth at risk, school dropouts, disabled, drug addicts and their families, victims of domestic violence). To ensure a level-playing field and avoid conflicts of interest, separate calls for proposals will be issued to SDCs or to other entities. Eligibility and selection criteria will be specified in the Operations Manual. Income generating activities: Grants will be made available to associations, cooperatives and NGOs to support income generating activities benefitting vulnerable members in the community (e.g., female heads of households, members of NPTP households, the disabled, youth, and the long-term unemployed). Eligibility and selection criteria will be specified in the Operations Manual and will include technical feasibility, sustainability, environmental impact, potential for employment creation, and benefits to the community as a whole. Component 3: National Poverty Targeting Program (NPTP) (US$172.86 million total cost, of which US$6.65 million to be financed from the loan)This component aims to expand the coverage from approximately 100,300 (expected in 2013, baseline of SPPP) to 238,700 (in 2018) individual beneficiaries, as well as to improve the efficiency of the NPTP. To achieve this objective, the project will provide technical support for the continued roll-out and institutionalization of the NPTP, which was launched in 2011 under the Bank-financed Second Emergency Social Protection Implementation Support Project (ESPISP II). Presently, NPTP benefits consist of waived school and hospitalization fees, coverage of chronic disease medications, free schoolbooks, and discounts on electricity bills. The cost of these benefits, as well as that of the SDC social workers involved in administering the program, are being borne and will continue to be borne by the Government. To achieve its objective, this component will consist of the following three sub-components: Continued roll-out and institutionalization. The project will finance technical assistance for: (i) supporting the program management team; (ii) refining the program application forms and Proxy-Mean Testing (PMT) questionnaire; (iii) upgrading the MIS module for the NPTP and establishing an archiving system; (iv) adopting measures to prevent and discourage fraud and corruption; (v) refining the grievance and redress mechanism for improved efficiency and transparency. Access to social safety nets. The project will finance technical assistance for: (i) assessing the performance of the reimbursement mechanism of the NPTP benefits and designing any improvements; and (ii) designing and piloting a case management approach with NPTP beneficiary households.Enabling evidence-based policy making for poverty reduction. The project will finance: (i) technical assistance to support the Inter-ministerial Committee for Social Policy (Social-IMC) and its Secretariat; (ii) technical assistance to establish a Poverty Analysis Team, whose role will be to assess the poverty and inequality situation in Lebanon using Household Budget Survey (HBS) data; and (iii) the design and implementation of the next HBS (in 2017), which will be a large-sample survey representative at the governorate (mohafazat) ponent 4: Project Coordination Team (PCT) (US$2.14 million, out of which US$1.95 from the loan)The project will finance a team who will be responsible for: (i) overall project coordination, working closely with the teams responsible for the implementation of the other project components (see Section III and Annex IV of the Project Appraisal Document), reporting to the Minister on overall project progress; (ii) implementation of the fiduciary functions of the project including procurement, financial management and internal audit, as well as that ensuring external audits undertaken in compliance with requirements; and (iii) supporting the management of Component 1. The PCT is foreseen as a temporary structure set up only for the duration of the project. For this reason, it is expected that during project implementation, the PCT will actively contribute to build the capacity of the various actors involved in the implementation of the other three components, particularly concerning core functions such as M&E, procurement and financial management. IMPLEMENTATIONInstitutional and Implementation ArrangementsMOSA is the project implementing agency and it will oversee the implementation of all SPPP activities. A Project Coordinator will head the PCT, and also be responsible for the implementation of Component 1 assisted by a Project Officer, while Components 2 and 3 will each be headed by a Program Manager. These positions will be financed by project funds. A combination of contracted and MOSA staff will be responsible for the implementation of component activities. Each component will be overseen by a MOSA committee that will report to the Minister. In the case of Components 2 and 3, the committee will be an “Emanating Project Committee”, which will check the legal aspect of all activities financed and implemented by the component (which is considered an “emanating project”), and oversee the way the funds are being spent. In the case of Component 1, the committee will be a SDC Committee consisting of the SDC Director and other MOSA staff.The heads of the components and the MOSA Minister (as well as the Director General, if the position is filled) will form the SPPP Steering Committee, which will meet periodically to review implementation progress and ensure coherence with ministry policies. At the national policy level, the Social Inter-Ministerial Committee (Social-IMC), with MOSA acting as its Technical Secretariat, will ensure coordination of the SPPP with other social policies. Further details are provided in Annex 3 of the Loan Agreement.With respect to the institutional setup of the NPTP, the program has been operating under a “dual management” by MOSA and the Presidency of the Council of Ministers (PCM). This was deemed the best option at the time of appraisal of the ESPISP II project, which supported the creation of the NPTP. The present institutional setup will be retained during the implementation of the SPPP, though the GOL has started discussing the possibility of consolidating the NPTP under MOSA and institutionalizing it as an independent program with its own budgetary allocations. This document is intended to look at designing the Environmental and Social Assessment Framework (ESAF) for the sub-projects to be financed under Component 2 of the SPPP.Purpose of the Environmental and Social Assessment Framework (ESAF) The ESAF is designed to ensure protection of the health and livelihood of beneficiaries and the environment.? The framework is intended to protect against both local impacts of individual sub-projects, and the cumulative impact of many similar subprojects in the same area. Although many sub-projects have little or no adverse impact, it is important, nonetheless, to acknowledge the possible unfavorable effects.?Experience shows that CDD projects need to establish simple social and environmental assessment procedures to avoid causing adverse harm to human health and the environment. The main elements of the Environmental and Social Assessment Framework (ESAF)are described below:Tools: These tools usually include guidance written in the local language and presented in a form easily understood by community facilitators, as well as:?(i) rules-based social and environmental criteria, establishing basic do’s and don’ts, and indicating the permissions and clearances required for common activities; and(ii) mitigation guidelines, providing practical guidance for the avoidance or mitigation of potential environmental impacts, and identifying issues for which more specific expert guidance should be sought.Implementation Arrangements: A description of roles and responsibilities to ensure that the identification, avoidance and mitigation of environmental and social risks should be built into sub-project preparation, appraisal and supervision.? This normally includes roles at the levels of community facilitators, local management, and program-wide management.? These should also be reflected in any Operational Manual that is prepared. This description should abide by the rules and regulations issued by the Ministry of Environment.Capacity Building: Training must be provided to ensure that every person with a role in the safeguard implementation arrangements is able to fulfill their responsibilities.? It is important that training in environmental and social safeguards management is incorporated from the very start of the program, before the preparation of sub-projects begins.Supervision and Monitoring: Arrangements should be in place to supervise both the adequacy and application of the safeguard management tools.? In addition, it is useful to keep track of environmental concerns in program areas, so that more specific mitigation measures can be designed, and opportunities for enhancements can be promoted.? Secondary information gathering is usually sufficient for this purpose.Audit: During preparation of the program, it is useful to agree that an independent audit of the ESAF will be undertaken at mid-term, to draw lessons and recommend improvements. Experience has shown the value of involving environmental organizations, particularly those with advocacy expertise, in the design of the Environmental and Social Assessment Frameworks, and subsequently in the associated capacity building, supervision and monitoring. This, in fact, was done through the consultation process as it will be documented in later sections of this document.? Access to environmental expertise can be facilitated during program implementation through the identification of local professionals with an environmental background, who can form a resource pool to be mobilized locally as subprojects require. Social funds and CDD programs also provide important opportunities to promote pro-poor reforms in environmental policies, particularly those associated with access to natural resources and their management.? The involvement of national and local environmental specialists can play a valuable role in advancing these agendas. A development project mitigation measures (Annex I) encompass all actions taken to eliminate, offset, or reduce potentially adverse environmental impacts to acceptable levels. Such measures are typically associated with the latter stages of project planning, although in practice they may occur at any stage throughout the project cycle. Normally, potential impacts are identified early during the initiation and scoping stages of EA for a project, and measures to avoid or minimize impacts are incorporated into the alternatives being considered. In this respect, some of the most important measures to protect the environment or local communities become integral to the project design, and are never reflected within a formal environmental and social management plan (ESMP). For example, the environmental and social bases for choosing a preferred location for a project will not necessarily be evident within the ESMP. Environmental and Social Management Plans (ESMPs) outline the mitigation, monitoring, and institutional measures to be taken during sub-project implementation and operation to avoid or control adverse environmental impacts, and the actions needed to implement these measures. They provide a crucial link between alternative mitigation measures evaluated and described within the EA report and ensuring that such measures are implemented. EA reports are essentially planning documents with no legal basis. In many cases, mitigation measures outlined in EAs are described in illustrative terms, or have neither been committed to by the borrower nor reflected in the project design. In this regard, the ESMP is a basis for negotiation and reaching agreement with borrowers on a sub-project’s key social and environmental performance standards. This report aims at providing guidance in identifying environmental assessment needs for the various sub-projects that are funded under Component 2 of the SPPP and might have the potential of inflicting environmental impacts that need to be addressed.Funded sub-projects fall under two categories:(i)Social Development: (a) improving access to specialized social services to satisfy the needs of vulnerable groups at risk including the disabled, children, youth, women and the elderly; (b) enhancing environmental protection initiatives such as reforestation and soil erosion control, wells and spring protection and preservation of natural sites.(ii)Income Enhancement: Capacity building activities to support (a) micro and small entrepreneurs and non-governmental organizations providing credit to target beneficiary groups; and (b) women, youth and disabled people in order to provide them with demand driven specialized skills to improve their income and enhance their business opportunities.2.Policy, Legal & INSTITUTIONAL Framework FOR THE ENVIRONMENT 2.1Regulatory Framework for Environmental Impact Assessment Presently, the environmental framework of Lebanon is managed and supervised by the Ministry of Environment (MOE) that was created by law 216 of April 2nd, 1993 to be the government institution responsible for the development of a national strategy for sustainable development. This was strengthened through the Law 444/2002 Framework Law for the Protection of the Environment and the CEA (Country Environmental Analysis). The MOE is undergoing several review procedures to up-date the country’s environmental policies and regulations including the preparation of an Environmental Code, issuance of an Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) decree, as well as norms and standards for environmental protection. The Environmental codes as well as the EIA decree were prepared with the assistance of the World Bank under the Mediterranean Environmental Technical Assistance Program (METAP). Also the World Bank has financed through METAP an assessment of the EIA System in Lebanon (Annex II). METAP has also supported the establishment of an Environmental Management System Unit (EMSU) dealing with EIA at the MOE. The concept of EA as part of project planning in Lebanon is still new and has only recently gained some attention. The Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) decree that was prepared by the MOE will require that an EIA be prepared during the planning process of both public and private development projects in Lebanon. 2.2Existing Environmental Legislation2.2.1International Conventions The Lebanese Government has ratified a large number of international conventions for Environmental Protection. Among the most important ones are:The Barcelona Convention for the protection of the Mediterranean SEA International Convention on World Heritage ProtectionInternational Convention on Bio-diversity ProtectionUnited Nations Convention on DesertificationMontreal Protocol for the protection of the Ozone layer2.2.2Existing Lebanese Legislations A list of the most significant existing environmental legislation is given in Annex II. The primary safeguards as they are likely to affect SPPP subprojects are summarized in the following sections:Natural LandscapeProtection of the natural landscape of Lebanon was first addressed under the Law of January 1949. Recently, cutting of trees was severely restricted under Decree No.1/42 of March 1993, and further protection was provided under Law No. 550 dated July 1996. There are also a number of Laws and Decisions that were issued to protect sites of particularly valuable landscape by declaring them Natural Reserves.Soil, Water and Air PollutionProtection against pollution was first addressed by Decree No. 8735 of October 1974 that prohibited the digging of wells for the disposal of raw sewage, banned infiltration from cesspools, and the use of sewage for the irrigation of vegetables and some fruits. Decision No. 52/1 of July 1996 introduced measures to deal with the pollution of the air, water and soil, including national standards for drinking water, bathing waters and wastewater quality. Recently, Decision No. 8/1 dated March 2001completed and reviewed the previously issued standards. Water ResourcesGround and surface water resources have been protected since the introduction of Order No. 144 dated June 1925, which covered the major springs that supply the country’s potable and irrigation needs. Zoning of water sources and recharging of catchment areas was introduced by Decree 10276 of October 1962 to cope with increasing demand for water. In 1970, Decree 14438 established a limit on the depth and exploitation of unlicensed wells and boreholes; 150 m and 100 m3/d respectively.Archaeological and Historical SitesThe protection of archaeological and historic sites was first addressed in Law No. 1666 of November 1933. Later legislation has been introduced to afford special protection to the Cultural Heritage, World Heritage and Cultural Landscape Sites declared by UNESCO.Public StreetsLaw No. 60 of September 1983 covers Work in public streets, law No. 98 of September 1989, and by Circular 6/95 issued by the Prime Minister’s Office on March 1995. Decree 8633/2012 on EIA describes clearly the various measures that need to be considered in the preliminary Environmental Evaluation of any project. Projects found to require further investigation will have to be subjected to an EIA whereby complete set of information is required to allow for the Ministry to suggest needed mitigation measures and issue accordingly needed permits. The stipulations of the decree go in hand with most of the WB guidelines. The decree describes the various categories of sub-projects that do require EIA and what are the projects that might cause risks and hazards. A copy of the decree will be attached as an Annex to this document.2.3Permit Procedures Depending on the type and size of the sub-project to be executed and according to the Lebanese legislation, a number of approvals and permits might be required from various governmental agencies. In view of their nature and scale, the majority of the sub-projects that would be funded by the SPPP will only require the approval of the municipality and or the Ministry of Municipalities and Rural Affairs. 3. POTENTIAL SIGNIFICANT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS and Good Practice mitigation procedures3.1Positive Environnemental Impact Most sub-projects financed by the SPPP that are well designed and properly implemented can have a positive impact on the environment. The benefits of this type of sub-projects are often long term rather than short term and are not limited to the specific local community. Examples of environmentally beneficial sub-projects that will be financed by the SPPP are subject to case by case assessment, soil erosion protection; protection of natural and cultural heritage sites. Consultation and Public Disclosure A simple approach is proposed for public consultation in the early stages of sub-project preparation and planning:The stakeholders should be made aware of the different elements and features of each sub-project and their main objectives and target groups. Once an ESIA has been made, the results of this study should be disclosed to all concerned primary stakeholders.The stakeholders should then be encouraged to share their concerns, worries, and any comments they have on the sub-project or its likely impacts. This should include discussions on alternative and proposed mitigation measures that are to be accounted for in the sub-project design, implementation, and operation phases.The final step is to incorporate the stakeholder inputs into the sub-project plans in order to improve the sub-project design. The process of stakeholder involvement and consultation will continue during sub-project implementation as well in order to integrate any additional comments and worries that may arise from the construction and implementation phase. Consultation with the stakeholders may take different forms, depending on the need and subject matter that is being communicated. An informative method would be through the use of one-way communication techniques such as audio (radio), visual (television), printed (leaflets, brochures, pictures, diagrams, posters), or electronic media (internet and electronic mail). In this case, the stakeholders will be merely informed with certain information and there shall be no opportunity for questions or comments. In order to have interactive consultation with the stakeholders, two-way participatory techniques are required. This may include one-to-one briefings, small group and village meetings, and the organization of workshops and forums. The technique used for the disclosure and dissemination of information and data should take into consideration stakeholder preferences and characteristics. The disclosed information should be in a language that all stakeholders are familiar with, and for those who are illiterate certain measures may need to be taken to ensure that they are fully aware of the contents of the disclosed documents. Another important consideration is that ample time should be given to the stakeholders to review the disclosed information prior to the consultation process to allow them to thoroughly address the sub-projects various issues. The SPPP will also generate environmental benefits through a variety of other mechanisms among which are:(a)- Generation of environmental assessment guidelines that can be used by other organizations or ministries, or could be adopted by the Ministry of Environment for more general use;(b)- Training of environmental specialists, thus increasing the number of environmental professionals in the country;(c)- Improved environmental awareness in the local communities.Future capacity building initiatives These could be done through a structured training along two parallel lines: (i) at the level of the implementing agencies when these are guided one by one through the process by the environmental specialist to help them look at the needed assessment and the mitigation measures, if any; (ii) at the level of the community by organizing awareness campaigns targeted to LCP and other prominent figures and other interested CSOs on environmental issues of relevance and how that affects the sub-projects implemented in their areas. That creates a social accountability system that could be used to ensure that the sub-projects are implemented according to appropriate procedures.3.2Negative Environmental Impacts3.2.1Overview of Negative Environmental Impacts The SPPP will finance a considerable number of different types of subprojects. An important percentage of the funding will be allocated for social development. Though intended to improve environmental and social conditions, these subprojects can have a variety of negative environmental impacts that might be encountered during the operation of the subprojects. Environmental impacts arising from the operation of the different subprojects can be minimized by appropriate site selection, good engineering design and appropriate construction techniques.4. IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS4.1. Environmental Guidelines The implementation of the SPPP falls under the responsibility of MOSA who would be in charge of coordinating the various activities through its Social Development Centers (SDCs) with concerned local governments, and NGOs. A Project Coordination Team (PCT) will be established and would comprise experts with relevant experience in implementing similar projects, and with proven capacity to handle all functions required in such a project. Among its mandates, the PCT will ensure that any sponsored subproject is environmentally sound and sustainable. The PCT shall ensure the following:Environmental considerations will be included as criteria for selecting activities to be supported by the project; environmental assessment would become an integral part of the project cycle of any subproject;Environmental guidelines are followed and used throughout the project cycle;Environmental issues are introduced to beneficiaries through education and promotion of environmentally beneficial subprojects.The execution of the CSD will be undertaken by Civil Society Organizations (CSO) who would consist of qualified local authorities or national NGOs with strong community ties and proven execution capacity. The SDC would assist local NGOs, LCF and communities in identifying local needs, preparing subprojects, coordinating with concerned ministries, and implementing the subprojects. 4.2. Environmental Assessment (EA) The World Bank Operational Policy (OP 4.01) on Environmental Assessment (January 1999) defines the Bank’s environmental assessment requirements to ensure that funded sub-projects are environmentally sound and sustainable. A screening process is undertaken for all funded sub-projects to assess the magnitude and adversity of predicted environmental impacts and to determine the appropriate extent and type of EA. Depending on the type, location, sensitivity and scale of the project as well as the nature and magnitude of environmental impacts, sub-projects are classified into one of three categories:(a)- Category A:Sub-Projects that are likely to cause significant and possibly irremediable environmental impacts.(b)- Category B:Sub-Projects that might cause lesser adverse impacts than those of Category A and the impacts are often remediable or could be mitigated for.(c)- Category C:Sub-Projects which could have minimal or no adverse environmental impacts.The SPPP will only fund sub-projects that can be classified as either Category B or Category C only. For instance all income enhancement sub-projects will be classified as Category C, while most social sub-projects will be Category B. Sub-projects that are likely to cause substantial negative impacts and are expected to fall in Category A, will not be approved for funding.37. This document will provide guidance with respect to the preparation of environmental assessment for the various funded subprojects. These guidelines are based on the World Bank Operational Policies (OP 4.01), the Environmental Assessment Source book (1991) and its updates, in addition to the Decree 8633/2012 on EA issued by the GOL. 5.Environmental and social Management Plan (EsMP)5.1Objectives and Structure of the ESMP38. The objectives of the ESMP are to mitigate the adverse environmental impacts identified in the SPPP. The ESMP will consist of three kinds of activities:Implementation of mitigation measures; Strengthening the capacities of PCT, SDCs and local NGOs; Monitoring and evaluation of mitigation measures identified during subproject formulation or within the environmental assessment report.5.2Implementation of Mitigation Measures39. Mitigation measures identified (Table 1) are for typical sub-projects and MOSA/PCT will ensure that such measures are adhered to during the overall implementation of the SPPP. Table 1: Potential Environmental Impacts and Proposed Mitigation Measures for Different SubprojectsProject ComponentPotential ImpactsMitigation MeasuresResponsibilityRoads rehabilitationClogging of natural drainage channelsEncroachment on private propertyDumping of construction wastes and accidental spills of machine fuels, etc.Risk of damage to unknown archaeological sitesMaintain ditchesDetailed property boundary surveys and flagging in fieldProper disposal of construction wastesUse “chance find” procedures and coordinate with appropriate government agencyContractorContractor/IAContractorIAs/Archeology departmentRehabilitation of schools Rehabilitation of health clinicsIrrigation and drainageImproper disposal of wastesWater quality degradation in ponds and reservoirsClogging of canals from weeds/sedimentsInefficient water flow because of heavy sedimentationDegradation of water systems receiving irrigation waters by nutrients, agrochemical and saltsProper disposal of solid wastesPriority given to rehabilitation of toiletsInstallation of sanitation (cesspools)Containerize infectious wastesPublic health awarenessMonitoring of water qualityOperation & maintenance planProper design of canals and provision of access for weed and sediments removalControl of agrochemical useIAs/MunicipalityIAs/communityIAs/communityMinistry of HealthMinistry of Energy and WaterIAs/ communityContractor/IAsMinistry of Agriculture/community5.3Training Program and Capacity Building40. The MOSA lacks the capacities and the expertise to work in the field of environmental monitoring and protection. Moreover, it is expected that the IAs, mostly CSOs and SDCs do not have the needed resources to undertake the requirements needed in terms of EAs and designing mitigation measures. This would require a detailed capacity building program that targets all levels of the decision making process in the project. The central team at the MOSA and the PCT need to be oriented to the general approach to environmental safeguards, importance, use and how that could affect the selection, implementation and monitoring of Sub-projects. SDFCs and IAs should be trained on the technical aspects of detection and mitigation and how these could be imbedded within the process of project identification to formulation to implementation. These safeguards will have to be an integral part of any sub-project proposal and consequently any detailed action plan for any specific sub-project. Environmental expertise within the implementing and executing bodies will be strengthened. Training programs will designed and implemented with the assistance of a local or international expert and will target levels as stated in the Table 2 page 20.41. PCT and IAs: At the initiation of the CSD and prior to bidding and selection of IAs, a workshop will be provided and will include an environmental session to raise environmental awareness and to clarify the specific environmental requirements related to design and implementation of the SPPP. 42. Another training workshop will be provided to the PCT and selected IAs and will cover the following to IAs:EIA techniquesScreening sub-projects for environmental reviewUse of practical forms/checklistsBest environmental practices in design and implementation of projectsEffective implementation of mitigation measuresProject supervisionMonitoring and evaluation43. Local NGOs and Contractors: IAs will be required to provide workshops for local NGOs and contractors, focusing on public awareness, case studies of environmental issues experienced in similar projects, use of environmental guidelines and implementation of mitigation measures (Table 2 Annex III).Table 2: Training and Capacity Building Program for Implementing the ESAFTraining/Capacity Building Participating StakeholdersSkills acquiredScheduling CostSourceManagement Institutional1/yearSPPP managerMOSA central unitHead of concerned departments at MOSAPCTDecision making and delegationWork proceduresEnvironmental awarenessNational guidelines WB guidelinesClassification and mitigation Prior to sub-project preparationPlanning phaseRefresher every 3 months as we go along the projectUndertaken by the Environmental SpecialistMiscellaneous7500 USDWB/MOSAInstitutional at Intermediate levels 2 training sessions of 2 days /year (for SDC and IA X5 regions)PCTEmanating committeeSDC managersIAsEnvironmental and social policiesLaws and regulationsGOL and WB safeguardsEvaluation and selection During sub-project preparationPlanning phase Sub-project evaluation Undertaken by the Environmental SpecialistMiscellaneous30000 USDWB /MOSAImplementation1 day session X2 /year X 5 regionsIAs SDC staffBeneficiariesMunicipalitiesEnvironment and social toolsScreening & monitoring methodsSustainability of the processPractical mitigation and safeguardsDuring sub-project preparationMobilization ImplementationUndertaken by the Environmental SpecialistMiscellaneous50000 USDWB /MOSAMonitoring, Evaluation and Reporting1 dayX2 /year X5 regionsIAs SDC staffBeneficiariesMunicipalitiesEnvironmental and social monitoring and complianceProgress report preparation Monitoring and EvaluationDuring sub-project preparationMobilization ImplementationEnvironmental Specialist + consultant 50000 USDWB /MOSATotal 137500 USD (includes in kind contribution from MOSA)5.4Environmental Monitoring44. Environmental Monitoring will be the responsibility of the ES, PCT and MOSA Central Unit, with the supervision of the LCP, and will include compliance monitoring during implementation and also, monitoring of significant impacts during the operation of the subproject.Table 3: Typical Examples of Monitoring Plan for the Operation of Different SubprojectsSub-projectMonitoring IndicatorsResponsibilityFrequencyRoads rehabilitationOperating drainage channelsNGOs in close coordination with local community Semi-annual assessmentImprovements to Water Supply and Sanitation FacilitiesIrrigation and drainageDistribution network without leaksNo leakage or overflows of manholes or drainsWater Quality MonitoringIrrigation network without leaksDrainage channels clean and properly maintainedWater quality parameters (pH, COD, BOD, SS)NGOs in close coordination with local communityMinistry of Health and Ministry of Energy and WaterNGOs in close coordination with local communityTesting by Ministry of Health and Ministry of Energy and Water Semi-annual assessmentSemi-annual assessmentSemi-annual assessmentSemi-annual assessmentRehabilitation of schoolsRehabilitation of health clinicsToilet facilities clean and functioning properlyDrinking water faucets clean and safe from contaminationNGOs in close coordination with local community and appropriate municipalityMinistry of Health in close coordination with local community Semi-annual assessmentSemi-annual assessment45. The Environmental Specialist (ES) of the PCT will also conduct periodic monitoring by visiting the sites of the various sub-projects at least twice during the implementation period of the sub-project. 46. Monitoring indicators shall be developed for both the mobilization and the operation phase of the subprojects. Monitoring of activities will have to ensure that mitigation measures of operations impacts are being implemented properly, while the monitoring of operation is to ensure that no unforeseen negative impacts are arising. 5.5 Sub-project Cycle47. Component 2 of the SPPP is the Community Social Development Program (CSD) which will be financing community-based sub-projects through grants. The Program will have two windows: one for social services whereas the other is for Income Generation Activities (IGA) support, with the review and approval mechanisms in large part being the same for both windows. While Component 3 focuses on Poverty Targeting thus the services provided will have no impact on the environment, component 1 will focus on the provision of technology and training to SDCs.48. Applicants will be invited to use standard forms (available on the MOSA website and upon request from SDCs) to submit proposals to the relevant SDC; in cases where the applicant is the SDC itself, the application will be submitted directly to the CSD program team in Beirut. 49. SDCs will immediately check all proposals for completeness and give a receipt to the applicant, with a proposal number; proposals found to be incomplete will be rejected with an explanation. All complete proposals will be presented for discussion to the relevant Local Community Platform (LCP) or equivalent consultative body to obtain feedback on, among other things: the actual need (in case of social services) or likely market value (in the case of IGA) of the proposed activity; the reputation of the applicant, the likely sustainability of the proposed activity, the preliminary classification of the project within environmental categories (the final classification will be pending on the decision of the environmental specialist within the PCT), any problematic aspect (conflict of interest, etc.) and the overall compliance of the proposal with the purposes of the program. This feedback is not binding but will be taken into consideration when deciding whether or not to fund the proposal. The CSD program team will carry out a detailed desk review of all complete proposals to assess their technical quality as well as the budget and time line suggested for the sub-project. The environmental specialist, member of the Project Coordinating Team (PCT), will review the proposal and prepare all needed documentation based on his classification of the sub-project.5.6. Screening of Sub-Projects50. Each sub-project to be implemented by an IA will be subjected to an environmental screening. Using the screening form (Form 1), environmental and social checklists for the proposed sub-projects will be screened by the environmental specialist to identify any potential adverse impacts.From an environmental standpoint, the screening form may identify impacts form sub-projects; the issue of solid waste disposal at the site of a sub-project may come out as a point to look at in terms of designing mitigation measures to avoid negative impacts. The selection of adequate storage, collection and proper disposal could be steps to consider carefully. 5.7. The Environmental and Social Screening Process51. The objectives of sub-project screening is to determine which activities are likely to have negative environmental and social impacts.5.7.1. Subproject Screening Procedures52. The sub-projects funded under this project are generally categorized as Category B or C, and screening mechanisms would ensure that any identified Category A sub-projects are not funded under the project. Due to the fact that most Category B sub-projects are small-scale which do not result in adverse negative environmental impacts, this will require an ESMP which has clear due diligence environmental and social procedures (including the setting out of institutional responsibilities, timing and budget) for sub-projects. The ESMP should take into consideration the applicable requirements under the Bank’s ten safeguard policies.5.7.2. Environmental Sub-Project Screening Checklists/forms. 53. The Operation Manual (OM) should contain, for each type of sub-project, a simple environmental screening checklist (Form 1)) which poses a series of questions designed to identify risks to the environment. The goal of the checklist (also called a screening or environmental data sheet) is to identify which sub-projects require more environmental information in the form of a site-specific ESMP or which can proceed without any special mitigation measures, that is, falling under category C.Form 1: Environmental Screening Check-list0867790900AEnvironmental and Social ImpactsYesNoLocation1Are there environmentally sensitive areas (forests, rivers or wetlands) or threatened species that could be adversely affected by the project?2Does the project area (or components of the project) occur within or adjacent to any protected areas designated by government (national park, national reserve, world heritage site, etc.)?3If the project is outside of, but close to, any protected area, is it likely to adversely affect the ecology within the protected area areas (e.g., interference with the migration routes of mammals or birds)?4Will the project reduce people’s access (due to roads, location etc) to the pasture, water, public services or other resources that they depend on?5Might the project alter any historical, archaeological or cultural heritage site or require excavation near such a site?Physical and biological environment6Will project require large volumes of construction materials (e.g., gravel, stones, water, timber, firewood)?7Might the project lead to soil degradation or erosion in the area?8Might the project affect soil salinity?9Will the project create solid or liquid waste that could adversely affect local soils, vegetation, rivers, streams or groundwater?10Might river or stream ecology be adversely affected due to the installation of structures such as weirs and by-passes for micro-hydro projects?Attention should be paid to water quality and quantity; the nature, productivity and use of aquatic habitats, and variations of these over time.11Will the project have adverse impacts on natural habitats that will not have acceptable mitigation measures?12Does the project have human health and safety risks, during construction or later?13Will the project lead to changes in the distribution of people or of livestock?14Might the project lead to migration into the area?Alternatives15Is it possible to achieve the objectives above in a different way, with fewer environmental and social impacts?Circle one of the following screening conclusions:All answers to the checklist questions are “No”. There is no need for further action.For all issues indicated by “Yes” answers, adequate mitigation measures should be in the project design. No further planning action is required. Implementation of mitigation measures will require supervision by the applicant and the appropriate authority For the following issues indicated by “Yes” answers (specify questions numbers): the applicant has not provided adequate mitigation measuresThe applicant must revise the proposed project plan to provide adequate mitigation. Specialist advice may be required in the following areas:For the following issues indicated by “Yes” answers (specify questions numbers): the applicant has not provided adequate mitigation measures and revise beThe applicant must prepare an environmental assessment of the proposed project, the project plan according to the results of that assessment. Specialist advice will required in the following areas:212026548132900NAME OF SUB-PROJECT: 107188031876900 SIGNATURE DATE5.7.3. Assigning Environmental Categories54. The assignment of the appropriate environmental category to a sub-project will be done after screening and will be based on the information contained in the environmental and social screening form. The ES will be responsible for categorising a sub-project/ activity as B or C as elaborated below. That is, environmental screening will result in one of the following cases as per the World Bank OP 4.01 Environmental Assessment:Category A: Any sub-project found to be category A will not be funded by this project.Category B: An ESMP is prepared which includes the mitigation measures required as well as the means to monitor its implementation and any capacity building activities if necessary;Category C: a project may be categorised as Class C if it is determined that it will have no significant or adverse impact on the environment. Its activities do not necessitate any further environmental study, ESMP or the like.As already mentioned, all activities funded under the CSD are likely to be categorized as B or C for that matter. This means that their potential adverse environmental impacts on human populations or environmentally important areas are reversible or neutral and mitigating measures are readily available for inclusion in the sub-project design.5.7.4. Carrying out Environmental Work55. After analyzing the data contained in the environmental and social screening form, and having identified the right environmental category and thus the scope of the environmental work required, the ES will make a recommendation to the Project Coordinator establishing whether: i) No environmental work will be required; orii) An environmental and social management plan (ESMP) is prepared the TORs of which are provided in Annex III. 5.7.5. Review and Approvala) Review56. At the central level, the PCT with the assistance of the ES will review the environmental and social screening forms as well as the ESMP reports, and will make recommendations as to whether the results of the screening process or the ESMP reports are acceptable. That is to establish whether the following are appropriate:the results and recommendations presented in the environmental and social screening forms;the proposed mitigation measures presented in the environmental and social checklists and;all environmental and social impacts have been identified and effective mitigation measures have been proposed and incorporated into the project implementation plan with associated costs.b) Recommendation for Approval 57. Once an ESMP is prepared, the ES will review and ensure that it is carried out according to the TORs (a sample TORs is provided in Annex III). If found acceptable, then the ESMP will be approved as per the next section. c) Approval58. The World Bank will review and clear all ESMPs during the first two years of project implementation. Thereafter, the Bank will rely on the review of the PCT and Environmental Specialist (ES) while maintaining the right to conduct a spot check on random ESMPs during the remaining three years of project implementation. In any case, the ES will ensure that all the needed approvals on the ESMPs are obtained from the MOE as deemed relevant and necessary.5.7.6. Environmental Monitoring and Follow-up59. Environmental monitoring aims at checking the effectiveness and relevance of the implementation of the proposed mitigation measures. The ES and LFP will, depending on the scale or scope of the sub-projects, undertake the monitoring exercises in sequences and frequencies stipulated in the Environment Management Plan (including where appropriate, a Maintenance Schedule). 5.7.7. Monitoring indicators60. The monitoring indicators will be developed based on the mitigation measures and the Environmental Management and Social Plan (ESMP).5.8. Staffing and Capacities of MOSA in the management of Environmental safeguards61. The Ministry of Social Affairs does not dispose of any environmental specialists within its structure. MOSA had contracted, at needed instances, the services of environmental consultants on ad-hoc basis and on short term assignments upon the request of donor agencies to monitor the implementation of some social development projects. This had not instituted in any way the presence of expert in this domain. For this, and in order to ensure the proper adherence to the safeguards set by the project, the PCT will contract the services of an Environmental Specialist (ES) on part time basis. 62. The ES will consolidate all the needed documentation for the proper classification, selection, evaluation and monitoring of the project. He/ She will conduct session to sensitize decision makers at MOSA on the importance of looking at the safeguards as well as explain in details the requirements set by the MOE and the World Bank in that regard. The ES will design the training material needed at the different levels and in the different stages of the project. He/ She will have to interact with key players in the field in addition to CSOs interested in submitting sub-projects for financing. The ES will coordinate with concerned municipalities on sub-projects implemented within their area of operation.63. The ES will be able to use the services of expert on need basis based on clear Terms of reference set by the ES, approved by the PCT manager and MOSA and cleared by the WB. The EC will also liaise with Environmental NGOs to look into possible coordination with other eligible IAs at the level of implementation of Sub-projects. Flowchart on the approval mechanism for CSD sub-projects374967430251400030105343025140002743835301752000273621430175200035058353253740ESMP00ESMP28428953253740EIA00EIA246189523469590014179552164080Environmental Review ESAF00Environmental Review ESAF19964401699259001996439154686000246126012268190015773401165860Environmental Screening Form00Environmental Screening Form18821403413759002636519341376000263652037185590040233603413759004023359341376000390906037185600028346403543300Clearance by MOE or WB00Clearance by MOE or WB28270202964180Environmental classification by PCT00Environmental classification by PCT389382031318190024612603124199006.ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEW PROCEDURES AND GUIDELINES6.1Status of the SPPP Environmental Review64. Prior to approval, the environmental requirements will consist of an assessment of the institutional and legal framework pertaining to the project as well as the development of procedures and guidelines that the PCT will be required to follow, after it will receive on the job training during the first month of the project implementation.6.2Institutional Arrangement65. During project implementation, the PCT will be responsible for the project administration.For Category B programs and/or sub-projects, the PCT will contract the services of an Environmental Specialist who will be responsible for:Reviewing the environmental screening of the program submitted by the IAs;Reviewing and approving the ESMP if sub-project is deemed category B;Obtaining the approval of the Ministry of Environment (MOE) for the sub-projects requiring an ESMP after year 2; Conducting periodic monitoring of the programs;Preparing annual report of the environmental situation of the SPPP.63. MOSA through the ES will be in charge of the environmental operation of the program. Implementing bodies in the community will be selected in accordance with specific criteria, of which that they will have, or could contract or consult for the services of an environmental specialist familiar with community development projects to perform the following duties:Promote the environmental requirements and guidelines of the SPPP among NGOs and communities;Ensure that the environmental screening form is properly filled; Provide assistance to NGOs in preparing the environmental assessment;Conduct site specific environmental review in order to review the current environmental conditions of site and assess the potential environmental impact associated with the proposed subproject;Identify mitigation measures in operation;Supervise the implementation of environmental management plans;Prepare necessary reports.Validate the effectiveness of the ESMP prepared.64. IAs will be encouraged to use the capacities of specialized environmental NGOs to provide technical assistance and help. These NGOs could also be used by the project for the provision of training and capacity building when needed.6.3Program Cycle65. In the PAD and Operational Manual of the Project, it will be MOSA’s responsibility to conduct appropriate screening of the individual sub-projects in accordance with the environmental screening checklist.66. SPPP funded subprojects/programs will follow a well-defined project cycle that is detailed in the Project Operational Manual. The manual defines the steps required to implement the subprojects and includes the procedural forms, reviews and measures to ensure proper execution. 67. Environmental review procedures will be incorporated in the project cycle at the program and sub-project level. The time frame for the completion of the environmental procedures will be the same as those given in the Operational Manual for the completion of the administrative and technical procedures. Table 4 summarizes the environmental procedures within each stage of the SPPP Program/subproject cycle. Table4: Environmental Requirements within Each Stage of the CSD Program/Subproject CycleSub-project DevelopmentEnvironmental RequirementsSub-project identification:- Identification of demand driven subprojects- Preparation of subprojects concepts- Screening of subprojects by SDC, LCP- Preparation of Environmental Checklist by Implementing Agency- Approval of EDS by PCTSub-project Preparation:- Description and analysis of subprojects- Subproject approvals- Preparation by IA or consultants of: (i) EA report in case subprojects have significant impacts or(ii) ESMP on the basis of generic mitigation plans- Inclusion of mitigation measures in subproject design- Approval of the ESMP by the Environmental Specialist and no objection of WB for the first two (2) years and then the approval of the MoE and random spot checks from World Bank for the remaining three (3) years of the projectProgram financing:- Ensure that environmental requirements are included in subproject agreement with NGOs Program Monitoring and supervision:- At the subproject level:Implementation of subprojects- At the program level:Supervision of contracts/works.- At the subproject level:(i) PCT to ensure that mitigation measures and monitoring measures are implementedLCP could assist in monitoring(ii) PCT to prepare annual report on status of EMPs- At the program level :Preparation by the PCT of annual report summarizing:The number of subprojects that have significant environmental impactThe number of projects for which EMPs were preparedThe mitigation measures implemented for subprojects that have significant environmental impactsTraining and workshops presented6.4.Promotion of Subprojects 68. The first stage in the SPPP subprojects cycle is to initiate promotional activities and prepare demand driven subprojects. MOSA primary responsibility would be to initiate promotional programs that aim at disseminating information about the SPPP’s objectives, guidelines and procedures among targeted community groups. Promotional activities will include environmental considerations in the promotional programs in order to ensure that environment is integrated in the project cycle. SDCs would have to educate communities and to raise awareness on environmental issues and requirements of SPPP subprojects. This process of awareness will help communities to better appreciate environmental concerns and to select environmentally sound and beneficial subprojects.6.5.Formulation of Sub-projects69. Following the implementation of promotional programs, community needs and priorities will be identified, project proposals will be formulated and a program will be submitted to the PCT for appraisal. 70. With respect to environment, the first step would be to screen each sub-project and identify whether any further environmental considerations are required. The purpose of this is to identify early in the sub-project cycle the need to address potential environmental impacts during the project preparation and design. On the other hand, an effective screening will identify sub-projects that will generate negligible or no negative environmental impacts so that they can be excluded from unnecessary environmental review (that is, Category C). Once all the subprojects of a program have been screened, an environmental data sheet (EDS) for the program should be prepared. 71. Sub-projects that necessitate environmental consideration will either require the identification and implementation of mitigation measures or the preparation of an ESMP. For these sub-projects, the ES of the PCT will identify appropriate mitigation measures to be incorporated in the project design and in the bidding documents.6.6Approval of Program72. If the desk review and the preliminary environmental classification completed by the LCP and the SDC have an overall positive outcome for a sub-project falling within Categories B and C, a field assessment will be conducted. The Environmental Specialist within the PCT will make sure that sub-projects requiring ESMP’s “B” Category according to the World Bank guidelines and as per the generic TORs in Annex II will be completed. 73. The World Bank will review and clear all ESMPs during the first two years of project implementation. Thereafter, the Bank will rely on the review of the PCT and environmental specialist while maintaining the right to conduct a spot check on random ESMPs during the remaining three years of project implementation. In any case, the Environmental Specialist will ensure that all the needed approvals on the ESMPs are obtained from the MOE as deemed relevant and necessary.6.7Implementation and Monitoring74. Upon approval of the sub-project proposal, arrangements regarding implementation and monitoring will be contained in the legal contract signed between the IAs and MOSA. It would be necessary that the PCT ensures that the results of the environmental assessment (special mitigation measures, design specifications, supervision plans and monitoring arrangements) are incorporated into the legal document. Environmental monitoring of a project performance will start with the mobilization phase and will extend to the operation phase. 75. The execution of the subproject contract and construction supervision is the responsibility of the IAs. Where they do not have adequate in-house resources, the IAs will be responsible for the appointment of a supervision consultant. Part of the construction supervision duties is to ensure that mitigation measures are properly implemented, good practice environmental procedures are respected and that no unforeseen negative impacts are occurring as a result of subproject execution.ANNEX IPrimary objectives of mitigation measuresMitigation measures aimed at eliminating, offsetting, or reducing adverse environmental impacts can have a range of objectives. Some of these are briefly defined below in approximate order of priority. The first priorities are avoidance or prevention of impacts, whereas the priority of the other categories is less rigid.Avoidance. Avoiding projects or activities that could result in adverse impacts; avoiding certain types of resources or areas considered to be environmentally sensitive. This approach is most effective when applied in the earliest stages of project planning.Prevention. Measures aimed at impeding the occurrence of negative environmental impacts and/or preventing such an occurrence having harmful environmental and social impacts.Preservation. Preventing any future actions that might adversely affect an environmental resource or attribute. This is typically achieved by extending legal protection to selected resources beyond the immediate needs of the project.Minimization. Limiting or reducing the degree, extent, magnitude, or duration of adverse impacts. Mitigation can be achieved by scaling down, relocating, or redesigning elements of a project.Rehabilitation. Repairing or enhancing affected resources, such as natural habitats or water sources, particularly when previous development has resulted in significant resource degradation.Restoration. Restoring affected resources to an earlier (and possibly more stable and productive) state, typically “background/pristine” condition.ANNEX IIEnvironmental framework in LebanonLebanon Country Environmental Analysis reported by the World Bank on June 2011 revealed that the environmental neglect had an impact on the economy and resulted in a degradation amounting to US$ 565 million in 2000 or 3.4% of GDP for local environment and US$ 655 million or 3.9% when global environment is included. Environment has remained a secondary priority, characterized by an uncompleted legal and institutional framework as well as by ineffective policies to address the challenges and political constraints to deliver reforms. These challenges are:?Regional disparities in poverty levels are significant with most poor areas being rural and with poverty pockets found within and around cities. Poverty in these regions is related to the lack of public infrastructure and services, lack of employment opportunities, population density, school dropout, and child labor, particularly in the northern region of Lebanon (i.e. Hermel and Akkar).?There are still continued pressures on Lebanon’s natural resources, especially water, of which 64% is for agriculture and 26% is for domestic demand with 1-2 days a week limited access of potable water due to poor services.?Wastewater connections covered 66% of households in 2007, but wastewater treatment is lagging behind. The wastewater network is only in major urban areas, and there are only 11 wastewater treatment plants. Of the 348 million of m3 of raw waste water in 2010, only 13.4 percent is treated with 7.3 percent of the BOD5 removed, and the remaining wastewater is discharged into valleys, rivers, and the Mediterranean SEA.?Municipal solid waste collection seems to have been resolve, whereas disposal remains a persistent issue. Lebanon generates a total of 1.4 million tons/year of which53% (750,000 tons/year) is disposed in two sanitary landfills (Nahmeh and Zahle), and the remaining is disposed in a contained landfill (Tripoli) and 700 open dumps.?High urban pressure on the Lebanese coast line is witnessed in most of its 225 km. It is manifested by progressive and tacit privatization of public domains, change of structures (such as polders), private marinas, accelerated erosion, and loss of agricultural land. Incidentally, Lebanon’s per capita land availability is among one of the lowest in the world at 0.0024 km2/capita.?Lebanon’s natural heritage is being impacted by uncontrolled urban sprawl, quarries, and solid waste dumps, resulting in a progressive pressure on major outstanding natural sites such as the Karst heritage of Lebanon in the Caza of Kesrouan and the natural bridge of Fakra and Nabaa el Laban.?The Governance system is based on a special interest group approach. Governance in terms of access to environmental information, community/stakeholders participation in the design and implementation of environmental services; efficiency and transparency of public expenditures of environment-related expenditures is weak. The political economy predominates when it comes to the ownership or management of natural assets and resources (water, coastal areas, and land).Despite considerable progress in shaping its legal and institutional framework and providing substantial public funds for financing its infrastructure after the war, Lebanon is still at an early stage of its transition to environmental sustainability. Lebanon’s economic growth is not accompanied with an improvement in environmental sustainability which remains low.The GOL has started delivering on sectoral reform since 2009 in line with the GOL key objectives: The Ministry of Energy and Water (MOEW) has submitted a plan to reform the electricity sector (US$ 4.9 billion over 4 years) and has prepared the National Water Sector Strategy (US$ 5.1 billion over 5 years) that covers the water, wastewater, and irrigation sectors that approved by the Council of Ministers in March 2012. Parliament has adopted the Oil and Gas Bill, notably comprising the setting up of a sovereign fund to manage the proceeds of future revenues from offshore oil and gas production; the Ministry of Post and Telecommunications is engaged in a comprehensive reform of the sector; the Ministry of Environment (MOE), together with the Council for Development and Reconstruction (CDR), has prepared an updated solid waste management (SWM) Plan that was submitted to the Council of Ministers for approval; and the Ministry of Social Affairs has started the implementation of the National Poverty Targeting Program funded by the Government of Lebanon, World Bank, Canadian International Development Agency, Italian Government.Although acknowledged by the GOL, the environment has nevertheless remained a secondary priority, characterized by an incomplete legal and institutional framework as well as by ineffective policies to address the challenges and political constraints to deliver reforms. The pre-Civil War cumulative neglect and the post-Civil War economic recovery called for badly needed environmental safeguarding and management by the GOL. Hence, the Ministry of Environment (MOE) was established in 1993 to address environmental challenges.The Framework Law 444/2002 for the Protection of the Environment was promulgated to ensure the environmental sustainability. The Law was supplemented by the decree 8633/2012 on Environmental Impact Assessment (EA) and followed by a Taameem for the Presidency of Council of Ministers n 28/2012. Law 690/2005 reorganized the MOE, but 4 years were necessary to issue Decree 2275/2009 that regulated and defined the units, their functions, and responsibilities. Most protection measures, in line with international conventions ratified by the GOL, were enacted such as: preparing a Strategy on Biodiversity; producing the first and second communication to the UNFCCC (1999 and 2011); implementing a five-year plan for reforestation; setting up the Lebanese Environment and Development Observatory (LEDO) that was unfortunately dismantled at the end of the project; establishing national standards through LIBNOR; and issuance of a Decree 8213/2012 on Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA). Conversely, the badly needed ratification by Parliament of the Integrated Coastal Zone Management Protocol (2008) of the Barcelona Convention to help curb the rapid artificialization of the coast, due to the construction boom, is initiated.On the policy side, the MOE prepared its State of the Environment Report (SOER) and a Strategy Framework in 1996. This was followed by the preparation of the Second SOER in 2002 (and which is currently being updated; forthcoming in June, 2011) as well as the draft European Commission (EC) National Environmental Action Plan (NEAP) in 2006 that was updated into StREG, and in which the MOE articulated its environmental strategy with seven objectives. The GOL introduced an effective policy in 2002 to ban lead in gasoline and prohibit the use of diesel engines for taxis by providing an incentive system for converting light diesel engines into gasoline ones. Most recently, in January 2010, the MOE has prepared a very ambitious program of the themes to be implemented in cooperation and partnership with relevant stakeholders. A decree created the National Council for Environment (NCE) and worked closely on the development of the Rio+20 report of Lebanon. With all these strides at designing policies and formulating strategies, namely the MOE Plan of Work 2011-2013 and the Strategy, the environment domain has moved from the narrow interest of a limited number of professionals to become one of the national challenges for the Lebanese society.The World Bank has developed a partnership with the GOL through the preparation of a Country Environmental Analysis (CEA), which is aimed at providing the analytical underpinning for integrating environment into the development process. The Lebanon CEA has the following three main objectives:Provide a comprehensive overview of Lebanon’s performance with regard to environment sustainability during the last ten to fifteen years;Facilitate mainstreaming of specific environmental issues into relevant sector activities for strengthening the development process and poverty alleviation efforts; andGuide and assist in the capacity building and strengthening process as pertains to specific environmental priorities as well as in relation to mainstreaming of global environmental issues with those at the national level. Environmental sustainability performance with emphasis on Environment-Related Spending (ERS) as a proxy for the Public Expenditure Review for the Environment (PERE) to determine the effectiveness, efficiency, and equity of the supply of fiscal funds, and including a rapid update of the national COED;Solid Waste Management (SWM) including cost of mitigation options to determine the demand for funds;Waste Water Management (WWM) including cost of mitigation options to determine the demand for funds; andPolicy and institutional assessment including the EA.For the four above issues, Lebanon faces the following challenges:Pollution scale is high, and high also is the cost of addressing it. This would necessitate the prioritization of the two target sectors at the urban and possibly at the governorate levels and the provision of these sector services.The infrastructure system and investment portfolio were built according to an engineering approach in which politics and low accountability were prevailing. This led to poor service delivery for disposal and treatment, resulting in the unwillingness from the users to pay for these services, and therefore depriving the operators with additional resources to maintain the system.Utilities and operators at the sub-national entities such as municipalities and regional agencies are not creditworthy and cannot raise private capital. Given such constraints, municipalities and utilities prefer to finance the collection of wastewater and solid waste which would bear health benefits for the dwellers. However, they have little financial incentives to treat these wastes, as these are considered as a public good, hence requiring large state budget interventions.Municipal solid waste and drainage network (Arsifa wa Majarir) fee levels are very inadequate for effective cost recovery, and their effects on revenues for sustainable operations and maintenance (O&M) are negligible. Low fees and low cost recovery were not, however, financial barriers for private sector involvement as contractual agreements were reached but were subsidized by the GOL, municipalities or utilities. Nevertheless, policy reforms in terms of increasing low fees/tariffs, achieving cost recovery and clearing cross-subsidization (e.g. Electricité du Liban, etc.) have lagged behind for political and social reasons, adversely affecting the public debt in general and the sustainability of new investments in particular.The GOL is still using centrally-directed supply-driven approaches to provision of sanitation and municipal waste service infrastructure with limited communication and inputs form the immediate users/beneficiaries and stakeholders of these services at the local level.Treatment standards required for municipal wastewater treatment and municipal solid waste (MSW) disposal facilities are high, which would increase investments costs.Water pollution is expected to increase due to increased urbanization, expansion of industrial activities, and increased tourist infrastructure. Moreover, the climate change effects on water resources are projected to be significant over the next decades, which would increase the water scarcity and alter the water balance.The results of the four environmental indicators showed that Lebanon economic growth is not accompanied with an improvement in environmental sustainability which remains low. In order to protect the welfare and the quality of life of present and future generations, Lebanon needs to build its economy around and not against its natural resources. Lebanon development strategies should place environmental sustainability needs at similar levels of priority as its economic growth. There is still a strong emphasis on investments as are mediation for environmental problems, with less impressive progress on policy reforms. Such levels of financing can no longer be sustained with the increase of the GOL debt and the decline in GOL revenues, which cannot be used to finance additional basic environmental services such as water supply, sanitation, and waste management in rural areas or in social sectors. Under such circumstances, Lebanon has no alternative but to proceed with public expenditure efficiency based on output performance, impose gradually the recovery of services and resource utilization costs, and internalize the environmental degradation costs.In understanding and trying to improve the environmental policies and institutions in Lebanon it will be useful to take into consideration the following realities:a) Political economy. As in all sectors, environment is not immune to the political dynamics prevailing in Lebanon, though it was supposed to be less vulnerable and politically neutral. There is a general consensus among all parties and confessions that environmental protection and preservation in Lebanon is crucial to its economic growth. However, when it comes to the ownership or management of natural assets and resources (water, coastal areas and land), special interest groups prevail and preempt or delay the equitable use of these public goods.b) Decision-making process limited to the COM. There is no effective mechanism, other than the COM, for coordinating the policy formulation processes. In all cases, environmental policy decisions are made at the highest levels of the government. The COM is the only political body capable to reach consensual decisions. Trade-offs forms the crux of decision-making, and typically, environmental considerations carry less weight than social, economic, and political factors. When making decisions, those responsible rely upon the advice of their officials and advisors, whose views are likely to be shaped by their political mandates and responsibilities. The general receptivity of decision-making will also depend upon the perceived acceptance by other parties. In this regard, perseverance is needed to build up consensus on environment-related decisions over time, as this was witnessed in the case of the issuance of the Law establishing the MOE. The Parliamentary Committee for Environment, which was established in 2000, includes 12 parliamentarians as its permanent members. Although its role is advisory in nature, the Committee has held several debates on water, wastewater, and solid wastec) Private sector-led approach to environmental services. There can be little doubt that the Lebanese private sector has played a major role in providing environmental services during the last 15 years. Project design, management, and supervision of national projects financed by the State budget and Development Partners through the CDR are all outsourced to the private sector. The MOE, as stated above, is outsourcing its project management of grants to individual consultants, private universities, and consulting firms. There is clear evidence that the private sector does possess the characteristics for continuing to provide effective environmental services; however, the lack of transparency and sometimes competition constitute a barrier to providing these services at efficient or reasonable costs.Lebanon has achieved improvements in its environmental legal framework mainly through: the enactment of the Framework law for the Protection of Environment 444 (2002), the health care waste management decree, the enacted EA decree developed with the assistance of the World Bank/Mediterranean Environmental Technical Assistance Program(METAP) and several environmental standards developed under Strengthening The Permitting &Auditing System for Industries (SPASI).60 Based on a command and control approach, law 444has included, in its article 4, the principles of the Rio Declaration on Environment and Development (1992) on public participation (principle 10), enacting effective environmental standards (principle 11), compensation for pollution and environmental damage (principle 13), precautionary principle (principle 15), internalization of environmental costs (principle 16), and environmental impact assessment (principle 17). In addition, Law 690/2005, and the decree 2275/2009, enabled the reorganization of the MOE functions and the introduction of the provisions to create an environment police that would allow enforcing environmental law and penalizing contraveners. Law No. 444/2002 calls for 25 decrees to be implemented, including the Environment Impact Assessment decree. Lebanon has also signed more international agreements on environmental issues than in any other countries in the MNA countries and ranked second in signing regional conventions, reflecting Lebanon keen interest in joining the world community on environmental matters. Lebanon is also the first MNA country to have prepared a draft decree on strategic environmental assessment which is still under examination. Government, EA studies are being undertaken for most projects especially those that are being funded by International Organizations and Lending Agencies. The EMSU unit at MOE has started reviewing EA reports submitted by many operators. EA are being conducted based on the procedures, set in the Compliance decree, and developed in the EA decree which comply with the World Bank EA requirements. During the past few years, environmental units have been created as part of the project implementation arrangements of several projects. Other ministries have developed environmental guidelines to provide guidance in the preparation and implementation of environmentally sound projects. METAP has also financed a series of EA training workshops for line ministries as well as EA awareness workshops for municipalities.ANNEX IIITerms of Terms of Reference for the preparation of anEnvironmental Management & Social Plan (ESMP) for the sub-project “NAME” funded by the Lebanon Social Promotion and Protection Project (SPPP)Background:The government of Lebanon has obtained a US$ 30million loan from the World Bank for the purpose of implementing the Social Promotion and Protection Project (SPPP), which lays the ‘groundwork’ to increase access to social development services at the community level, improve the coverage and targeting of the National Poverty Targeting Program (NPTP), and build the capacity of the Ministry of Social Affairs (MOSA) at the central and the Social Development Center (SDC) levels.The duration of the SPPP project is 5 years and the project will be implemented throughout Lebanon. The SPPP consists of 3 components: Component 1: Social Development CentersComponent 2: Community Social Development Program Component 3: National Poverty Targeting ProgramAn important percentage of the funding will be allocated Funding community-driven sub-projects under component 2.Given the nature of these activities, and as per World Bank environmental and social policies, the borrower will need to prepare an Environmental Management and Social Plans (ESMPs).The implementing agency responsible for this project is the Ministry of Social Affairs (MOSA) which will also be responsible for the implementation of the SPPP ESAF as well the environmental management and social plans(ESMPs) for the sub-projects object of these Terms of Reference.Project Description.The SPPP, under component 2, will provide grants to eligible applicants (primarily SDCs and CSO) whose sub-projects have been selected through the national funding mechanism and will consist of two windows, as follows:Social services: The SDCs as well as NGOs and local authorities, will be invited to apply for grants in support of social services that address a proven social need within the community, and which are in line with the mandates of the SDC (e.g., targeting children, elderly, youth at risk, school dropouts, disabled, drug addicts and their families, victims of domestic violence). To ensure a level-playing field and avoid conflicts of interest, separate calls for proposals will be issued to SDCs or to other entities. Eligibility and selection criteria will be specified in the Operations Manual. Income generating activities: Grants will be made available to associations, cooperatives and NGOs to support income generating activities benefitting vulnerable members in the community (e.g., female heads of households, members of NPTP households, the disabled, youth, and the long-term unemployed). Eligibility and selection criteria will be specified in the Operations Manual and will include technical feasibility, sustainability, environmental impact, potential for employment creation, and benefits to the community as a whole. Institutional/Implementation ArrangementsMinistry of Social Affairs (MOSA)is responsible for the implementation and supervision of the ESMP object of these TORs. Within MOSA, the SPPP will finance a team (Project Coordinating Team PCT) who will be responsible for: (i) overall project coordination, working closely with the teams responsible for the implementation of the other project components, reporting to the Minister on overall project progress; (ii) implementation of the fiduciary functions of the project including procurement, financial management and internal audit, as well as that ensuring external audits undertaken in compliance with requirements; and (iii) supporting the management of Component 1 (iv) observe the environmental safeguards during sub-projects implementation. The PCT is foreseen as a temporary structure set up only for the duration of the project. For this reason, it is expected that during project implementation, the PCT will actively contribute to build the capacity of the various actors involved in the implementation of the other three components, particularly concerning core functions such as M&E, procurement and financial management. In addition, the PCT will use the services of an Environmental Specialist (ES) to overlook the compliance with the respective ESAF of sub-projects. Safeguards ConsiderationsOn the basis of the activities financed by this sub-project and on the expected environmental and social impacts the following World Bank Policies are applicable:Operational Policy 4.01 on Environmental AssessmentFurthermore, the project should abide by the Lebanese Law 222 for 2002 pertaining to environmental protection. According to the law and also to the EIA application decree 8633/ 2012, any new project or any changes to an existing project should prepare an environmental impact assessment (EIA) report, and submit it for review and approval by the Ministry of Environment (MOE). Construction should not commence prior to the approval of the EIA by MOE.According to the World Bank’s OP4.01, this sub-project is classified as Category B, requiring partial assessment at the level of an environmental and social management plan (ESMP). According to the Lebanese EIA guidelines, projects classified as Category B, require the preparation of a “Form B”. The requirement of the Bank and MOE are, therefore, fairly similar.Scope of WorkThe consultant selected for this assignment will have to conduct the preparation of the Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) of the sub-project that will include the following aspects:MitigationThe ESMP identifies feasible and cost-effective measures that may reduce potentially significant adverse environmental impacts to acceptable levels. The plan includes compensatory measures if mitigation measures are not feasible, cost-effective, or sufficient. Specifically, the ESMP:(a) identifies and summarizes all anticipated significant adverse environmental impacts;(b) describes—with technical details—each mitigation measure, including the type of impact to which it relates and the conditions under which it is required (e.g., continuously or in the event of contingencies), together with designs, equipment descriptions, and operating procedures, as appropriate; and(c) estimates any potential environmental impacts of these measures..MonitoringEnvironmental monitoring during project implementation provides information about key environmental aspects of the project, particularly the environmental impacts of the project and the effectiveness of mitigation measures. Such information enables the MOE and the Bank to evaluate the success of mitigation as part of project supervision, and allows corrective action to be taken when needed. Therefore, the ESMP identifies monitoring objectives and specifies the type of monitoring, with linkages to the mitigation measures described in the ESMP. Specifically, the monitoring section of the ESMP provides:a specific description, and technical details, of monitoring measures, including the parameters to be measured, methods to be used, sampling locations, frequency of measurements, detection limits (where appropriate), and definition of thresholds that will signal the need for corrective actions; and monitoring and reporting procedures to (i) ensure early detection of conditions that necessitate particular mitigation measures, and (ii) furnish information on the progress and results of mitigation.Capacity Development and TrainingTo support timely and effective implementation of environmental project components and mitigation measures, the ESMP draws on the assessment of the existence, role, and capability of the SPPP PCT or MOSA. If necessary, the ESMP recommends the establishment or the expansion of such units, and the training of staff, to allow implementation of ESMP recommendations. Specifically, the ESMP provides a specific description of institutional arrangements—who is responsible for carrying out the mitigation and monitoring measures (e.g., for operation, supervision, enforcement, monitoring of implementation, remedial action, financing, reporting, and staff training). To strengthen environmental management capability in the agencies responsible for implementation, the ESMP should cover one or more of the following additional topics: (a) technical assistance programs, (b) procurement of equipment and supplies, and (c) organizational changes. Implementation Schedule and Cost EstimatesFor all three aspects (mitigation, monitoring, and capacity development), the ESMP provides (a) an implementation schedule for measures that must be carried out as part of the project, showing phasing and coordination with overall project implementation plans; and (b) the capital and recurrent cost estimates and sources of funds for implementing the ESMP. These figures are also integrated into the total project cost tables.Integration of ESMP with ProjectThe borrower's decision to proceed with a sub-project, and the Bank's decision to support it, are predicated in part on the expectation that the ESMP will be executed effectively. Consequently, the Bank expects the plan to be specific in its description of the individual mitigation and monitoring measures and its assignment of institutional responsibilities, and it must be integrated into the project's overall planning, design, budget, and implementation. Such integration is achieved by establishing the ESMP within the sub-project so that the plan will receive funding and supervision along with the other components.ReportsThe Consultant will prepare a single report for this assignment on the basis of the following indicative outline:introductiondescription of projectexpected impacts from the projectmitigation plan (see Table 1)monitoring plan (see Table 2)capacity strengthening plan (see Table 3)PlanningThis assignment will be carried out within a timeframe of 1 month and half from the time of the service order.Table 1767715677544900SUBPROJECT NAMEEnvironmental & Social Management Plan TemplatesA. Mitigation MeasuresSub-projectActivityPotentialEnvironmental & Social ImpactsProposed Mitigation Measure(s)(Incl. legislation &regulations)Institutional Responsibilities (Incl. enforcement &coordination)Cost EstimatesPre-Construction PhaseConstruction PhaseOperation and Maintenance PhaseTable 2767715677544900SUBPROJECT NAME767080677544900Environmental & Social Management Plan TemplateTraining & Capacity Building for ImplementationTraining/Capacity Building Participating StakeholdersSkills acquiredScheduling CostSourceTable 3767715677544900SUBPROJECT NAME767715677544900Environmental & Social Management Plan TemplateMonitoringProposed Mitigation MeasureParameters to beMonitoredLocationMeasurements (Incl. methods &equipment)Frequencyof MeasurementResponsibilities(Incl. review and reporting)Cost(equipment &individuals)Pre-Construction PhaseConstruction PhaseOperation and Maintenance PhaseTotal Cost for all PhasesANNEX IVPublic ConsultationWithin the preparation stage of this document, the consultation was done in 2 stages:Technical scoping session was held on Tuesday November 27, 2012 to discuss the technical scope of this ESAF. The participants in this consultation were: Name of ParticipantOrganization1Mr. Ghassan SayyahMinistry of Environment2Dr. Manal MousallemMinistry of Environment3Dr. Lamia MansourEnvironmental Fund for Lebanon 4Ms. Sawsan Abou FakhredineAssociation for Forest Development and Conservation5Mr. Ziad Abdul SamadArab NGO Network for Development6Mr. Karim El JisrLebanon Mountain TrailThe participants looked holistically at the document, and touched on some direct technical issues. The points that were considered looked at: The need to integrate carefully the economic, political and environmental dimensions in very analysis and evaluation of a sub-project. This would require a more systemic approach, rather than technical.CSOs should be looked as partners rather than implementing agenciesThe contribution of the private sector is very valuable and it needs to be brought in as a partner. However, before doing that, we need to establish a legal framework that pushes the private sector to do more for the environment through linking it to economic growth and better performance of the sector. In that respect, we need to ensure that the private sector abides by rules and regulations that link its expansion to national and local economically environmentally sustainable projects. There exists the need to build the capacities of CSO in this field. This capacity building could be embedded within new initiatives that could be linked to the quality of the sub-projects.All the above could be incorporated as part of a series of workshops that would help look comprehensively at the process. The decree 8633/2012 on EA could replace the WB guidelines since these are very similar.Need to generate a catalogue of projects and need to look at the Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) before finalizing any design. Some of the suggested areas of work include: Youth and education, Energy (small innovative technologies), Information technology and ecosystems services. Page 50Public Consultation workshop was held on January 25, 2013 (invitation letter is provided in Annex V). This consultation workshop was attended by: Name of Participant Organization1Mr. Rabih Abdel KhalekLebanese House for Environment Association2Mr. Kamal NakhleLebanese Forum for the Preservation of the Environment3Mr. George AzarRotary Clubs in Lebanon4Ms. Wafa KhouryLions club – Lebanon5Mr. Jean Khoury Lions club – North Lebanon6Dr. Ahmad DiraniLebanese Observatory for the rights of workers7Mr. Rami ChamaAssociation for the Development of the Individual and the Environment8Mr. Jawad Abou GhanemAssociation for Forest Development and Conservation9Mr. Fadi HalabiEDAN10Dr. Fahmia CharafeddineCivil Committee for Women Welfare11Mr. Samir SkaffGreen Globe12Mr. Samia DiabAssociation for Women Causes13Dr. Fifi KalabByblos EcologiaGreen Square14Ms. Patricia SfeirZero Waste CoalitionBeyond Association15Mr. Paul Abi RachedT.E.R.R.E. Liban16Ms. Lara HaidarMinistry of Environment17Mr. Tony SadehFriends of Ehden Reserve18Dr. Suhair Ghali Obeid Ministry of Social Affairs19Mrs. Fernande Abou HaidarMinistry of Social Affairs20Mrs. Abir Abdul SamadMinistry of Social Affairs21Mrs. Salam Shreim Ministry of Social Affairs22Mr. Ramzi Naaman Presidency of Council of Ministers/ MOSA23Mr. Alaa Sarhan*World Bank* attended the meeting as an observerThe project was described and the ESAF was put in the context of the project with a clear emphasis on the need to look at the Social and Environmental dimensions. The categories of projects that will be considered for financing were explained and how the environmental planning needs to be embedded within the project documents since the start.The participants stressed on the (i) participatory approach that needs to be strengthened throughout the process of sub-project preparation and the need to involve the local community in the sub-project design and the sub-project environmental and social screening (ii) need to coordinate between the different stakeholders concerned in the implementation of the sub-projects. They highlighted the importance of bringing together the different expertise of the NGO sector in the mode of assessment and implementation (iii) need to simplify the forms and the procedures to be undertaken to allow for a fair and equal participation among all interested (iv) capacity building remains a cross-cutting request to strengthen the technical know-how of NGOs in environmental planning and impact assessment. Names & Contact Information of Consultation Participants. ANNEX VThe Invitation to the consultation???? ????? ?????? ?????????? ???????? ?????? " ??????? ???????? ??????????" ???????? ?? ????? ??????. ????? ??????? ?? ?????? ??? ?????? ????: (1) ????? ?????? ??? ????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????????? (2) ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ?????????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ??????? (3) ?????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ???? ????? ?????? ????. ?? ????? " ???? ?????? ?????? ??????????" Environmental & Social Assessment Framework?????? ?????? ??????? ??????????? ???????? ???????? ??? ??????? ????? ?????? ? ?? ??? ????? ???? ????? ???????? ??????? ?? ??? ?????? ???????. ??????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ?????????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ??? ??????? ?????? ??? ???????? ?? ???????? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ?????????? ??? ?????? ??????? ?? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ??? 25 ????? ?????? 2013 ................
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