Clinical signs - Maddie's Fund

Taking the Teeth Out of Canine Distemper Virus

July 21, 2016

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Taking the Teeth Out of Canine

Distemper Virus

Sandra Newbury, DVM

Director

University of Wisconsin-Madison Shelter Medicine Program

UW School of Veterinary Medicine



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Many thanks to Maddie��s

Fund and the ASPCA for

funding diagnostic testing that

has helped us work with

shelters to develop lifesaving

approaches to responding to

canine distemper!

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CDV

? Enveloped RNA virus

? Relatively easy to kill

? Dogs and ferrets are

susceptible

? Raccoons and other

wildlife species

? Not the same as feline

��distemper�� (aka

panleukopenia)

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pg. 1

Taking the Teeth Out of Canine Distemper Virus

July 21, 2016

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Clinical signs

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? Individual Animal

? ��Herd�� signs

?

?

?

?

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No signs

Sub-clinical or inapparent infections

Wide range of affected systems

Range of severity

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? Many (most) dogs will recover

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Neurologic and Ocular Signs

? Seizures

�C Grand mal

�C ��Chewing gum��

? Squinting / blinking

? Uveitis

? Ocular discharge

? Prognosis falls once

neuro signs develop

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Respiratory Disease

? Nasal / Ocular

discharge

? Sneezing

? Coughing

? Dyspnea (trouble

breathing)

? Pneumonia

? Secondary pneumonia

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pg. 2

Taking the Teeth Out of Canine Distemper Virus

July 21, 2016

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Gastrointestinal and Skin

Disease

? GI SIGNS

�C

�C

�C

�C

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Diarrhea

Vomiting

Anorexia

Wasting

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? SKIN

�C Pustular Dermatitis

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? Rash

�C Nasal and Digital

Hyperkeratosis

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��Herd�� signs

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? Unusual or high number

of dogs affected with

��Kennel Cough��

? Pneumonia

? Some dogs progress to

neurologic disease

? Post-adoption reports of

neurologic disease

? Puppies who progress to

neurologic disease

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How frequently do you see it?

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Constant level

Outbreaks

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Many isolated cases

Rare Isolated cases

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Almost never or never

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pg. 3

Taking the Teeth Out of Canine Distemper Virus

July 21, 2016

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1-6 week Incubation

Fever spike 3-6 days post

infection

Week

0

1

2

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Week

3

4

5

Week

6

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Exposure /

Infection

Most common

onset of illness

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Transmission

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? Highly contagious!

? Routes of infection

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�C Direct

�C Aerosol

�C Fomite

�C Environment (less likely)

�C No Zoonosis

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Direct, most common

? How do you define direct?

? Co-housing

? Improperly used housing,

guillotine doors down

? Tie outs for cleaning

? Yards during cleaning

? Admitting areas

? Play groups?

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pg. 4

Taking the Teeth Out of Canine Distemper Virus

July 21, 2016

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Aerosol Transmission

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? Up to 20 feet distance*

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*Max Appel, Cornell University, 2006

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Fomite over short distances

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? Staff and volunteer

handling

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Environment: Co-mingling

��Reservoir Dogs��

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