Post Reconstruction America - Weebly



8-5.5 Textile Industry and Mill Life

Post-Civil War

• _________________ throughout the US expanded rapidly

• Discoveries of iron ore and coal in the _____________ and the need for steel for the railroad as well as the role of _______________ and new technologies led to a growth in the steel and oil industries.

• Meat packing and grain processing plants were built to make the bounty of the ranches and farms of the west and Midwest available to _______________ throughout the country.

• _______________ wanting to make a fortune, provided the labor for expanding factories

• SC remained unaffected by the economic growth in the rest of the country immediately following the war and did not attract _______________ looking for work

• The planter _________ looked down on _______________

• More interested in ____________ the “Old South” than a new south

• Due to the __________________ boom that did hit SC, major ___________ grew as a result of their location (near RR routes)

• _______________ became a regional hub served by over 100 routes a day

• These transcontinental trains promoted the establishment of ___________________

▪ In part due to the railroad boom, the _______________ that had begun prior to the Civil War became very important to SC

o Planter elite looked down on this industry as less than ____________

▪ The growth of textiles in the ___________________ of SC was fostered by a ready supply of ________ materials and a changing ______________ about the development of industry

▪ New _________________ leadership became boosters of the idea of the _________________ “New South”

▪ Local and Northern investors provided ______________ to build the mills. Many were located close to the _____________ fields and/or along streams or rivers which supplied _____________.

▪ Although SC did not attract a large number of foreign immigrants – there was a ready supply of workers for mills

▪ Poor ___________ who could no longer make a living from the land were attracted to ___________________ that provided homes, schools, churches, and stores.

▪ ________________________ were purposely not considered for traditional textile mill labor (like weaving and dying fabric) – however some were employed doing ______________________ such as tearing open cotton bales

▪ First mills were started in the Upstate within 15 years there were mills in the Midlands and ____________________

▪ By 1910 – SC was the 2nd largest textile producing ______________ in the nation

▪ Conditions in the mill villages depended upon the:

o Generosity of mill ____________________

o ________________ conditions of the times

▪ Early 1900s in the textile mills:

o Low ______________

o Long _________

o Looked __________ upon and called _____________________

▪ Unhealthy Conditions – mill workers frequently suffered from lung ______________

▪ Workers were unable to organize to improve their conditions

▪ Union organizers were immediately _____________ and the organized ___________________ was consistently crushed by the mill owners

▪ The United States government backed the interests of the mill owners rather than the workers as did the _______________ leadership of South Carolina

▪ Cottonseed oil, lumber, and phosphates for fertilizers increased after Reconstruction

▪ Phosphate rock that was found near Charleston and Beaufort was a major part of commercial ___________________ that was produced in the state for about twenty years after the Civil War.

▪ In the Beaufort area, phosphate mining never recovered after the 1893 hurricane.

▪ When rich phosphate deposits were found in Florida, _______________________ companies went out of business.

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