Oxford Poverty and Human Development Initiative



MULTIDIMENSIONAL POVERTY INDEX 20171 June 2017HIGHLIGHTS ~ LATIN AMERICA AND CARIBBEANAll results will be live on?.uk/multidimensional-poverty-index/?on 1 June 2017.At present, the Global MPI has national estimates for a total of 19 countries in Latin America and the Caribbean, 218 subnational regions in 16 of the 19 countries, and about 495 million people, which is 82% of the population of the region. Of these, over 33 million people are MPI poor. On average, 6.6% of the population in the LAC countries covered are MPI poor. The average intensity of MPI poverty for each poor person is 41%.In 2017, we update MPI estimations for Dominican Republic (MICS 2014), El Salvador (MICS 2014), Guatemala (DHS 2014-15), Guyana (MICS 2014) and México (MICS 2015)). Every updated country except Mexico has disaggregated data by rural-urban areas, and by subnational regions. Diversity within the Region (in terms of H or incidence): As a region, LAC is moderately diverse in terms of Multidimensional Poverty levels. In 14 countries, less than 10% of the populations are MPI poor; Haiti is the country with the highest percentage of multidimensionally poor population, with 49%. In Guatemala Nicaragua and Honduras, poverty rates are 24.8%, 20.5% and 16%, respectively and in Bolivia it is just over 20% We decompose 16 Latin American and Caribbean countries into 218 subnational regions.?The poorest nine regions in Latin America and Caribbean are in Haiti (Centre, Grande-Anse, Nord-Est, Artibonite, Nord-Ouest, Sud-Est, Nippes, Sud, Nord), followed by Alta Verapaz in Guatemala, Lempira within Honduras, and regions of Guatemala (Quiche and Chiquimula) Nicaragua (Jinotega) and Suriname (Sipaliwini).Our measure of destitution is now computed for 19 Latin American and Caribbean countries. This measure of destitution identifies a subset of poor people as destitute if they experience a number of extreme deprivations like severe malnutrition, losing two children, having all primary-aged school children out of school, and practicing open defecation. Our results for Latin America and the Caribbean indicate that destitution ranges from a low of?0% in St. Lucia to a troubling high of?18.1% in Haiti.? Of the new countries included in 2017, Guatemala was the country with the highest percentage of population that is destitute. In the other countries, less than 1.5% of people are destitute. Fully 8.45 million people are destitute in the region. Child Poverty rates: nearly twice as high: The data was disaggregated by age group, and a detailed analysis of the levels of multidimensional poverty of children aged 0 to 17 years. In Latin America, on average 9.1% of children aged 0-17 are MPI poor, as compared to 5.5% of people aged 18 and above. The analysis was conducted for 19 Latin American and Caribbean countries. The highest percentage of children living in multidimensionally poor households live in Haiti, with 55.4%. In Guatemala and Bolivia, the poverty rate of children aged 0 to 17 are 29.9% and 23.1%, respectively. Barbados was the country with the lowest rates of poverty for children 0 to 17 years, with 1.6%. On average 9% of children aged 0 to 17 live in multidimensional poor households, what corresponds to 14.6 million children. The global MPI shows how children are poor in order to inform policies and strategies to end child poverty. There is good news on the data that shape policy analyses: In 2010 when we launched MPI, we used data from 2000-2006. In 2017, we cover 19 countries, and for 17 countries we use data that are 2010?or later.?In some Latin American countries, as in some Arab States, and in Europe and Central Asia, the Global MPI rates are very low, so the Global MPI – which measures acute multidimensional poverty – should be complemented by a measure of moderate multidimensional poverty, whose indicators and cutoffs better reflect the aspirations and standards of poverty in this region. Furthermore, due in part to data limitations, the current Global MPI does not capture some pertinent deprivations such as un- and under-employment, insecurity, and social protection. We look forward to the time in which Latin America will also have a regional MPI whose parameters permit more relevant regional comparisons. ................
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