PowerShell New Feature in PowerShell
LBCC CS140M
Fall 2014
PowerShell
By Al Lake Fall 2014 LBCC CS140M
Overview
PowerShell Introduction Variable & Object PowerShell Operator Loop and Flow Control Function and Debug PowerShell in Action
Fall 2014 CS140M
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PowerShell
Windows PowerShell is a command-line shell and scripting environment that brings the power of the .NET Framework to command-line users and script writers.
Extends the Windows Command Prompt and Windows batch scripts.
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New Feature in PowerShell
Discoverability Consistency Interactive and Scripting Environments Object Oriented Easy Transition to Scripting
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PowerShell fundamental
Interactive shell and scripting language
Based on .NET New set of built-in tools (~130) New language to take advantage of .NET
An "object-based" pipeline view
Can continue to use current tools Can continue to use current instrumentation
(COM, ADSI, WMI, ADO, XML, Text, ...)
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FAQ
Do I need to learn .NET before I can use PowerShell?
No - you can continue to use existing tools
Do I need to rewrite all my existing tools?
No - existing tools will run just fine
Do I need to learn the new language?
No - You can easily run existing commands without modification
Many Unix and DOS commands work...
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Lake
LBCC CS140M
Fall 2014
To begin working...
Commands are built with logic
Verb-noun
Pipeline " | "
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To Begin...
Some starting commands:
Get-Help Get-Command | more Get-Command | sort-object noun | format-
table -group noun Get-Alias | more Get-Help stop-service -detailed | more
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PowerShell Releases
PowerShell
Get v1.0 from the Download Center for:
Windows XP SP2 Windows Server 2003 SP2 Windows Vista Windows 7 Windows Server 2008
(no need to download, available as a feature)
Downloading and Installing Windows PowerShell Version 3.0
Version 2.0 is CTP
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Installation Requirements
Before you install Windows PowerShell, be sure that your system has the software programs that Windows PowerShell requires. Windows PowerShell requires the following programs:
? Windows XP Service Pack 2, Windows 2003 Service Pack 1, or later versions of Windows
? Microsoft .NET Framework 2.0
If any version of Windows PowerShell is already installed on the computer, use Add or Remove Programs in Control Panel to uninstall it before installing a new version.
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Variable & Object
Variable Name Variable Type and Type Adaptation All Variables are Object Array Environmental Variables
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Lake
LBCC CS140M
Fall 2014
Variable Name
You can use virtually any variable name you choose, names are not case sensitive.
But, there are illegal characters such as; ! @ # % & , . and spaces.
PowerShell will throw an error if you use an illegal character.
$Microsoft $MicroSoft $microsoft are The Same!
${My Last Name is #lake@} is OK!
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Variable Type
PowerShell variable type is base on .NET Framework.
Common variable is as below:
[adsi], [array], [bool], [byte], [char] [datetime], [decimal], [double] [int] or [int32], [long] [single], [scriptblock], [string] [WMI], [WMIclass], [xml]
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Declaring Variables and Type Adaptation
$a=333 $b="66" $c=SS
$a.GetType()
$b.GetType().Name
$a+$b ; $b+$a ?? $b+$c ; $c+$b ?? $a+$c ; $c+$a ??
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All Variables are Objects
[int]$Age=22 $Age.GetType() $Age GetType().Name $Age | Get-Member $Title="manager" $Title.length $pareTo()
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Array
$RainbowColor = "red", "orange", "yellow", "green", "blue", "indigo", "violet"
$a = 3, "apple", 3.1415926, "cat", 23 [int[]]$b = 51, 29, 88, 27,50 $b.SetValue(19, 3) $b[-1]=888 $PeopleTable = @{"Al Lake" = "1234-
5678"; "Sue Smith" = "9876-1213"...}
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Environmental Variables
Get-ChildItem Env:
Creating ? and Modifying -- Environment Variables
$env:testv = "This is a test environment variable." [Environment]::SetEnvironmentVariable("testv",
"VVVV", "User") [Environment]::GetEnvironmentVariable("testv","Us
er") Remove-Item Env:\testv [Environment]::SetEnvironmentVariable("testv" ,$nu
ll,"User")
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Lake
LBCC CS140M
Fall 2014
PSDrive
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PSDrive Operation
Get-PSDrive
mount -Name Seting -psProvider FileSystem -Root "C:\Documents and Settings"
mount -Name MS -PSProvider Registry Root HKLM\Software\Microsoft
rdr -Name MS
Set-Location
Get-Location
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PowerShell Operator
Arithmetic Binary Operators
+, -, *, \, %, ++, --
Assignment Operators
=, +=, -=, *=, /=, %=
Logical Operators
!, -not, -and, -or
String Operators
+, *, -f, -replace, -match, -like
Comparison Operators
-eq, -ne, -gt, ?ge, -lt, ?le
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Arithmetic Binary Operators
123+789 ; 222-876 34.5*44.2 ; 13/7 123%5 $var++ ; ++$var $var = $var + 1 $var-- ; --$var $var = $var ? 1
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Assignment Operators
$var=3 $var+=3 ; $var-=3 $var*=3 ;$var/=3 ; $var%=3 $var = 0x10 echo $var 16
Assignment Operators
$var = 7.56e3 echo $var 7560
$var=7MB echo $var 7340043 (bytes)
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Lake
LBCC CS140M
Fall 2014
Logical Operators
String Operators
(7 -eq 7) -and (2 -eq 5) (7 -eq 7) -or (2 -eq 5) (9 -eq 9) -xor (4 -eq 4) (9 -eq 9) -xor (4 -eq 7) (3 -eq 3) -and !(2 -eq 2) (3 -eq 3) -and -not (2 -eq 9)
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-like ; -clike ; -ilike
To be like as
-notlike ; -cnotlike ;-inotlike
To not be like as
-match ; -cmatch ;-imatch
Match
-notmatch ; -cnotmatch ; inotmatch
Not match
-contains ; -ccontains ; -icontains Include
-notcontains; -cnotcontains ; -inotcontains
Not include
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Comparison Operators
-le ; -cle ; -ile -eq; -ceq; -ieq -ne; -cne; -ine -gt; -cgt; -igt -ge; -cge; -ige -lt; -clt; -ilt -le; -cle; ile
>= < ) { < code 1> }
Elseif (< statement 2>) { < code 2> ... }
Else { }
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Switch...... default
Switch [-regex|-wildcard|-exact][-casesensitive] -file (< variable >) { < Pattern 1> { code 1 } < Pattern 2> { code 2 } < Pattern 3> { code 3 } ... Default { code n } }
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LBCC CS140M
Fall 2014
ForEachForeach-Object
ForEach ($ in $) { }
dir | ForEach -process { $_.length / 1024}
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For
For (; < statement >; < count>) {
}
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While, do while, do until
While (< statement >) { }
Do { < code > } While (< statement >)
Do { } Until ()
"Until" can wait something happen!!
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Break; Continue
For ($i = 1; $i -le 10; $i++) { Write-Host $i If ($i -eq 5) { Write-Host "BREAK!!" Break } }
ForEach ($i in 1..10) { If ($i % 2) { Continue } $i }
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Function and Debug
Script Block Function Function Arguments Function Return Values Variable Scope Debug
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Script Block
PS > $a = { $x = 2 , $y = 3 , $x * $y }
PS > &$a PS > 6
PS > $lsName = { ForEach($item in $input) { $item.Name } }
PS > dir | &$lsName
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LBCC CS140M
Fall 2014
Function
PS > Function MySimpleFun { Write-Host "This is a function" }
PS > MySimpleFun This is a function
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Function Arguments
PS > Function Show-Str { Write-Host $args[0] }
PS > Show-Str "Hello , First Arg!!" Hello, First Arg!!
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Function Return Values
Questions
PS > Function AandB([int]$x=10, [int]$y=90) { >> $x + $y >> $x - $y >> $x * $y >> } >>
PS > AandB 8 2 10 6 16
PS > $rst = AandB 8 2 PS > $rst.Length 3
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PS Assignment 1
Document 12 PowerShell commands
Explain what the command does Show the usage Give an example
PS Assignment 2
Write a PowerShell that
Returns the current day/time Returns the size of the C: drive
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