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Safe Patient Handling MethodsStudent’s Name:Institution Affiliation:Research QuestionDoes a single dose of preoperative antibiotic prophylaxis reduce the risks of surgical site infection among patients with abdominal surgeries?MethodsResearch Study DesignA systematic research study was conducted on patients undergoing abdominal surgeries. The Academic Medical Center committee approved the study on ethics. The scoping review involved initiates for the site infections preventions that influence the nature and extent of intervention abdominal surgeries. The systematic approach is a method of choice to review the practice comprehensively. The findings in this literature search are used to determining whether there are gaps in the preoperative dose administration of antibiotic prophylaxis (Balch et al., 2017). A quality assessed study is narrowed to the specific research question after an exhaustive search process. The scoping review is examined through a broad consideration of individual studies. This means that systematic review can be completed within the shortest time possible in the rapid improvement quality cycle. Data CollectionThe searches were conducted by the study team through informatics training. The information was searched from the MEDLINE, ranging from 2007 to 2019. Some key search terms on medical subject headings involve (abdominal surgical wounds, site infections, prevention and control, quality care, preoperative antibiotic prophylaxis, physicians practice patterns, process assessment and outcomes, quality assurance and evaluation, guideline adherence, intervention, and innovation studies). Most of the peered research articles were about ten years, according to the specific guidelines of SSI-preventions. The study team searched for information on site infections from a database in Cochrane Library (de Jonge et al., 2019). The key search term was surgical infections to reveal information on different nursing practice. Also, the data was collected from the research agency and international government websites for nonindexed grey research. The key terms were abdominal wound infections and surgical site infections. The website incorporated research information from the health department in the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Canada, and Health Research and Quality Agency. The scoping review was developing a contexture for the full review. The Eligible search studies requirement was English-language journals and articles that are quantitative. These quantitative articles involve beliefs and practices, attitudes, the survey to examine knowledge, cohort study and compliance factors, and interventions. Qualitative research articles on document analysis and interviews were also considered (Mulder et al., 2019). The peer-reviewed articles provided information on preoperative antibiotic prophylaxis in general abdominal surgical procedures or interventions. In the context of a relevant factor in the health system, Canadian studies focused on preoperative antibiotic prophylaxis rather than a general survey. The exclusion criteria involve editorials, commentaries, letters, abstracts, non-peer-reviewed literature, and therapeutic interventions for surgical site infections prevention. Quality Appraisal Tool of StudyThe search criteria involve investigations of journals based on (A.R.G.D.F) to minimize selection bias. The eligibility criteria included possible articles that meet selections criteria and addresses discussion in the discussion. Once all selected items were available, the study considered all articles independently for review of the full-text articles (Lopez et al., 2019). The consensus of inclusion criteria was supposed to meet search requirements. After identifying articles that meet the inclusion criteria, the data extraction process is initiated through the following steps:Independent review of articles that addresses the research question on preoperative antibiotic prophylaxis. Appropriate quality methods that address the research question and eliminate systematic bias in the study design. The precision of preoperative antibiotic prophylaxis research to reduce the likelihood of random errors External validity is applied to the application of the patient population based on critical appraisal checklists. AppendixSearch Strategy Flow Diagram130492581279Recorded identified through database searching = 39000Recorded identified through database searching = 390-145098279717Identification 00Identification 2313940120015004476750372110Records excluded after title, abstract, and screening = 2550Records excluded after title, abstract, and screening = 2553362326329564001390650177165Recorded after duplicates removed = 26500Recorded after duplicates removed = 265-60007351155Screening 00Screening 3457575301624004619625254000Full texted articles excluded = 7900Full texted articles excluded = 791581150158750Full texted article assessed for eligibility = 18900Full texted article assessed for eligibility = 189-32386307343Eligibility 00Eligibility 262128115430500right109219Additional articles identified from other sources = 234 00Additional articles identified from other sources = 234 1895475340360Studies included = 44200Studies included = 442-86678314645Included 00Included 35337741206500ReferencesBalch, A., Wendelboe, A. M., Vesely, S. K., & Bratzler, D. W. (2017). Antibiotic prophylaxis for surgical site infections as a risk factor for infection with Clostridium difficile.?PLoS One,?12(6), e0179117.de Jonge, S. W., Boldingh, Q. J., Koch, A. H., Daniels, L., de Vries, E. N., Spijkerman, I. J., ... & Boermeester, M. A. (2019). Timing of preoperative antibiotic prophylaxis and surgical site infection: TAPAS, an observational cohort study.?Annals of Surgery.Lopez, W. Y., Rider, S. M., Nwosu, K., Kazarian, E. R., Blucher, J. A., Schoenfeld, E. M., ... & Schoenfeld, A. J. (2019). The Impact of Vancomycin and Cefazolin as Standard Preoperative Antibiotic Prophylaxis on Surgical Site Infections Following Instrumented Spinal Fusion.?Spine,?44(6), E366-E371.Mulder, T., Crolla, R. M., Kluytmans-van den Bergh, M. F., van Mourik, M. S., Romme, J., van der Schelling, G. P., & Kluytmans, J. A. (2019). Preoperative oral antibiotic prophylaxis reduces surgical site infections after elective colorectal surgery: results from a before–after study.?Clinical Infectious Diseases,?69(1), 93-99. ................
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