Guidelines Series A Manual on School Sanitation and Hygiene

Programme Division Towards Better Programming

Guidelines Series A Manual on School Sanitation and Hygiene

In Collaboration with

Water, Environment and Sanitation Technical Guidelines Series - No. 5

Water, Environment and Sanitation Technical Guidelines Series - No. 5

September 1998

A Manual on School Sanitation and Hygiene Copyright ? 1886 United Nations Children's Fund 3 United Nations Plaza, TA-26A New York, N.Y. 10017 e-mail: wesinfo@ Web site:

A publication of UNICEF/Programme Division Water, Environment and Sanitation ID No. UNICEF/PD/WES/98-5

This School Sanitation and Hygiene Manual is one of the Technical Guidelines Series prepared by the Water, Environment and Sanitation Section, Programme Division, UNICEF, in collaboration with the IRC International Water and Sanitation Centre, The Netherlands. Titles of other publications in this series are printed on the inside back cover of this Manual.

For further information contact: Water, Environment and Sanitation Section Programme Division, UNICEF 3 United Nations Plaza, TA-26A New York, N.Y. 10017 Tel (212) 824-6669; Fax: (212) 824-6480 e-mail: wesinfo@

IRC International Water and Sanitation Centre P.O. Box 93190 2509 AD The Hague, The Netherlands Tel: +31 (0)70 3068930, Fax: +31 (0)670 3589964, E-mail: general@irc.nl

Water, Environment and Sanitation Technical Guidelines Series - No. 5

Towards Better Programming

A manual on school sanitation and hygiene

United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) IRC International Water and Sanitation Centre

1998

Table of contents

Acknowledgements

vii

Preface

iix

1. Introduction

1

1.1 Importance of school sanitation and Hygiene

1

1.2 Purpose and set-up of the manual

3

1.3 Scope of the manual

3

1.4 For whom are this manual intended

4

1.5 UNICEF's role as catalyst

4

1.6 Who contributed to this manual

4

PART I SCHOOL SANITATION AND HYGIENE AT DISTRICT AND NATIONAL LEVEL

2. Creating a conducive environment for SSH at the national level

7

2.1 UNICEF-Government cooperation in SSH programme development

7

2.2 Ensuring interagency cooperation

9

2.3 Creating favourable conditions for SSH

10

3. Assessing current conditions in SSH at country level

13

3.1 Who is involved in needs assessments?

13

3.2 Some current findings

13

3.3 SSH in rural or urban areas

15

4. Planning of improvements

17

4.1 Implementing improvements in design for water supply and environmental

sanitation facilities

17

4.2 Financing

18

5. Implementing improvements in hygiene education

19

5.2 Curriculum change and development of teaching aids

19

5.2 Teacher training and support

21

5.3 Pilot activities

23

PART II SCHOOL SANITATION AND HYGIENE EDUCATION AT THE SCHOOL AND COMMUNITY LEVEL

6. Creating a conductive environment for SSH at school and community level

29

6.1 Budget allocation

29

6.2 Teamwork by teachers

29

6.3 Contacts with other organizations

30

7. Assessing the current conditions at school and community level

31

7.1 Participatory problem analysis and needs assessment

31

7.2 Presentation and analysis of findings

32

UNICEF/IRC

A Manual on School Sanitation and Hygiene

iii

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