THE SOUTHE COU ER - Southern Courier

[Pages:6]THE

VOL. n. NO. 22

SOUTHE COU

WEEKEND EDITION: MAY 2 8-29, 1966

Tuesday is Run-Off Day

Here

ER

TEN CENTS

..

AtllUlta Braves Say:

They'll Be Good Neighbors

Tina Sings

See P age Three

Remember Jimmy Colller, the Rev. James orange, the Rev. James Bevel, and Bennie Luchlon, who have worked in civil rights In Alabama? They are In Chicago now with the movement there. For a report on what they are doing,

A TLANTA, Ga. -- The Atlanta Braves baseball team has started a "Good Neighbor Program" to Im prove playgrounds and recreational facil!Ues for boys and girls who live near the Braves' stadium.

"We are going to play a .;arne ev ery ,'ear with the \1!nnesota Twins," said Braves public relations direct or Jerry Sachs. "The Braves' share of the proceeds will go to the Good Neighbor Program,"

He said the Braves wanted to give their home- town children a good place to play because "everybody Is our nelghbOT."

This year's game with the TwIns was played on a cold, rainy night last May 2. Only 2,000 people came to the game, so the Good Neighbor Pro gram didn't get much money. Sachs said the Braves haven't decided yet how to spend the proceeds.

Sachs said Braves stars like Hank A aron might give Instructions to the kids who use the playgrounds. "Aaron might teach them to be good Citizens, as well as good outfielders and hitters," he said,

HANK AARON In Vine City, a Negro neighborhood not too far from Atlanta Stadium, where the Braves play, children re cently mO'Jed their games Into the street because they had no play ground.

SNCC Answers Invitation

No Thanks, Mr. President

See Page Six

At election time In MobLle, dollar bills fly around as much as words. For a story on lIow Negro groups In Mobile decide on their endorsements,

See Pag e Four

ATLANTA, Ga.--The Student Non violent Coordinating Committee has turned down a Presldentlal lnvltatlon to attend a White House civil rights con ference entltled "To Fulfill These Rights."

The conference's purpose, In the

Everybody Wants to Ta lk

words of President Johnson, Is "to help the American Negro fulflll the rights which after the long tlme of injustice, he is finally about to secure."

SCC had had a hand in the planning and direction of the conference. John Lewis, S!'lCC chairman until three weeks ago, was a member of me member council that planned the con ference.

About S chool Guide line s

Everyone seems to want to talk about centage of Negro students take advan

the new federal school desegregatlon tage of them. If the government does

guidellnes--the ones cracking down on not approve a school district's deseg

school districts that had only token de regation efforts, the district can lose

segregatlon this year.

Its federal aid,

A federal court in New Orleans heard arguments about school desegregation in the Jefferson County, Bessemer, and

Judge John Minor Wisdom said he was tired of hearing desegregation cases. "I don't expect to live long enough to see

Fairfield school systms, while three the end of these cases," he said,

big meetlngs were being called in Ala

Meanwhile, Governor George C. Wal

bama and Washington to discuss the lace called a meetlng of Alabama school

guideilnes.

board members and superintendents to

In the 5th Circuit Court of Appeals in talk about "the lllegal guidelines on ed

New Orleans, the U, S. Justice Depart ucatlon." Wallace didn't say what he

ment asked the j udges to use the new was going to tell the educators In the

guidelines as a model for court-ordered June 6 meetlng.

desegregation plans in the three Birm

?U. S: Hepresentative James D. Martin

ingham-area systems,

of Gadsden, who has also opposed the

Justlce Department lawyers argued guidelines, said there would be a meet

that the old freedom-of-choice plans ing of Southern congressmen next Tues

were not good enough. "Negro children day in Washington to plan a flght against

should be given a good education wheth the new desegregation requirements.

er or not they want It," said one. "We

A state-wide meetlng wlll be held next

don't let the children choose thelr books month In Birmingham to explain the

or their teachers. Why should we let them choose their schools?"

The new federal guidelines say free

guidelines to Alabama school of!Lclals. The meetlng, to be held June 11 in the DinkIer-Tutwiler Hotel, is sponsored

dom-of-cholce plans will no1..be ap by .the Al.abam.a. Advisory Com!filttee to

lJ. . proved any more, unless a large per- the U. S. Civil Rights Commission.

So

's Family Finds CemRtery Is

Under the leadership of new SNCC C hairman Stokely Carmichael, how ever, the organlz... tion listed several reasons why It would no longer be rep resented at the meeting next Wednes day and Thursday.

SNCC said tha'! because of Its opposi tion to the Viet Nam war "we cannot in good conscience meet with the chief po llcy-maker of the Viet Nam War to dis cuss human rights."

SNCC s aid further that the President called the conference "at a time when United States prestige Internationally Is at a low ebb ? ? ? ? We cannot be a party to attempts by the White House to re coup a loss of prestige internationally."

"Regardless of the proposals which stem from this confHence," SCC commented on national affairs, "we know that the executive department and the President are not serious about In suring constitutional rights to black A merica."

The planning council for the confer ence, Including Lewis, this week pre sented the conference representatives wHh a mass! ve plan for government and private action to aid Negroes in hous Ing, edllClltion, economic and job sec urlty, and Justice.

Viet Nam Not Segregated

BY \\ICHAEL S, LOTTMA.'l

Alabama voters go back to the polls Tuesday to clear up some unfini shed bu s i ness left over from the May 3 Democratic primary.

The excitement of the governor's race is missing this time, but to dozens of

candidates the Tuesday run-off is every bit as important a s the first primary.

Still, only about 550,000 Alabamians are expected to vote in the run-off--a big drop from the 888,000 who cast ballots l\Iay 3.

The candidates in the run-off are the first- and second- place fini shers from all May 3 primaries in which no one got a majority of the votes. Tuesday's win

ners will go on the ballot in Kovember as the Democratic candidates .

Twenty-three Negro candidates are i n run-off race s--one for the state Senate,

seven for the state House of Representatives, four for sheriff. and 11 for other county offices. They all face an uphill battle, because the people who voted for third- and fourth-place white candidates on May 3 are likely to support the re maining white candidates on Tuesday.

Baces are still on for De:nocratic nominations for three state-wide offi ces and three seats in the U, S. HOllse of Hepresentatlves.

Baker

Named Winner,

In Alabama, the state treasurer and and state auditor are almost always women, and on Tuesdayfour women will be fighting for the two jobs, Mrs. A(;nes

But

Clark

Can Fight

Baggett, now secretary of state, and Mrs, Bettye Frink, now state a:Jditor, are running for the :reasurer's nomln3. tion. Mrs. !elba Till Allen and !.Irs. Juanita :'>!CDaniel, both from r.!ontgom ery, are the auditor candidates.

This mE'ans the Democrats are sure to have five women running for state wide office In November--the nominees for treasurer and auditor, along with Mrs. MalleI Amos for secretary of state, Miss Sybll Pool for the publiC Service Commission, and \Irs. Lurleen \\'allace for governor.

There may be another woman on the Democratic tlcket in the Second Con gressional District, if r.Uss Mary Grice of Bay Minette can hold her first-round lead over Bob Whaley of Montgomery. Miss Grice and Whaley have fought a rough campaign for the U, S, House nomInaHon. Whaley has called his op ponent a "tool" of the federal govern ment because she worked In the\Yar 011 Poverty, and she has claimed that he can't hold any kind of job.

The only Negro candidate for the state Senate, Lonnie Brown of Alberta, has to find 4,000 new votes In the 19th District ( WUcox, Monroe, Clarke, and Conecuh counties). He was that far behind pre sent State Senator Holand Cooper of Camden in the first primary.

Negro candidates for the state lIouse, and their opponents, are Fred D,Gray,

SEUI ..\--The 23-man committee that conducted the I'ote count in Dallas Coun ty's Iay 3 primary has been ordered by a federal judge to count all the vutes in all the COUnty's 80 ballot boxes.

The Dallas County Democratlc Exc utive Committee evidenUy failed to "show cause" to the judge why It had a right to toss out six boxes In mostly Negro areas that contained more than

1,600 ballots. The ballots, when counted, gave IVll

son nal.er, formPt" Selma Police Chief, an additional 1,12 votes--3nd the Dem ocratic nomilWtion fol' sheriff without a run-off.

1I0we\'er, the b3.ttle is not over. Wlthollt the votes, na.ker would have to face incumbent Sheriff Jim Clark. II was Clark who asked the county com mittee to throw OUt the boxes. He told the comtnitlee that they hadbeenleft un watched. The committee agreed lhat the boxes were "infected with irreg ularities" and tossed them out.

The U,S, J'Jslice Department went to court, saying Ule commJtiee had :aken

away the right to vote from people who had cast their ballots in those boxes.

The Justice Department trieri to show that the irregularities itt the hJndling of the elenion was the fault of the Demo cratlc committee itself,

One witness for the Justice Depart ment sld in court that he did not kno"N

posed to be a polllng oCflclal, He said that he had never been an offlclal before--and had never voted before.

U.S. District Judge Daniel H. Thomas said in his ruling this week that mis takes made by the offlcials were not large ones "conSidering the ground for human error Involved, partlcularly a mong election officials who were in adequately instructed in their duties through no fault of their own."

The county committee had given In structions to some of the new polling Officials at Selma's National Guard .rmory a week before the election.

A sub-committee of the county exec utive committee met last Wednesday after Jud(le Thomas' ruling and count ed the disputed votes Into its offiCial election results and declared Baker the winner. This cleared the way for Clark to ask for a hearing to challenge the vutes.

A formal hearing Is necessary under Alabama law before any county com mittee may rule on the legality of any ballots. The Da.las County committee

had not held such a hearing before ft threw out the six boxes.

Judge Thomas kept control of the case and ruled:

"There shall be no rejection of any ballots in this tabulation on any grounds other than that the ballot does not

(CONTINUED ON PAGE TWO, Col. 3) .until election morning that he was sup- reflect the intention of the voter."

Tuskegee City Council Suggests

Athletic Center for Both Races

Reacts to 'Burning At Public School

BY MARY ELLEN GALE

TUSKEGEE--"None of the schools has adequate athletic faCilities," said city councUman J, Al!en Parker. "We need something to serve not just one school but the whole community.

"I know we don't have any money. But this Is an area we can't alford to neglect. "

The area Parker was talking about wasn't really recreation. It was race relatlons. And his proposal for a city athletic center was an answer to the people who two weeks ago burned down Tuskegee Public School's grandstand, which Is desegregated,

BY HOBERT E. SMITH

WETUMPKA--A wak e was held Wed nesday night tor a dead soldier of the Viet Nam war, and the talk at the fun eral home was that no cemetery In the boy's home town had room for his burial.

"He was a veteran. He dted for us all," said one family trlend. "Surely he w1l1 be burled in one of the cemeter Ies."

The youth, Jlmmv L. Wlll1ams, 19,

was kilLed May 17 by an enemy grenade while serving with the Army'S Spec ial Forces (Green Berets) In Viet Nam.

His mother, Mrs. Annie Mae Wil iams of Wetumpka, said she thought burial would be In a national cemetery. "We wanted Jimmy burled here, be cause the children wanted to put flowers on his grave."

She said that the Army officer in

charge of funeral arrangements tried to get the soldier burled In Pine View Memorial Gardens CemeterY,.a pri vate lot, but was told that founders of the cemetery had been guaranteed It would be kept for whites only.

The oUlcer, Army Lieutenant Robert L . Kraselsky, was then told by the city clerk and Mayor Demp Thrash of We tumpka that the public Wetumpka Ceme tery was fWe.d, Mrs. W1lliams and an

PFC JIMMY WILLIAMS

Army spokesman said. The lleutenant reported he was told,

"The Negro sectlon Is sold ou!." Mrs. W1lliams said the city would not allow her son to be burled In any other part of the cemetery.

W.T. Goodman, the tuneral dlr"ector, s aid the city's reply was "new to me."

The Justice Department said It would investigate.

Mrs. W1lliams said, "The city has shown no condolence at al!. They didn't call or anything. Jimmy died for something. At least we think he did. The folks In this town show more con cern when one of their good dogs dies."

The military funeral for PFC Jimmy L. Willlams was originally scheduled tor Thursday,But Mrs. Willlams was not sure where her son's body was to be burled, and so the funeral was set tor Sunday at I p,m.

One thing Is clear 10 the grieving

mother, who has three of her six other children attending previously all-white schools In Wetumpka; "He didn't die a segregated death. And he won't be burled in a segregated cemetery."

Parker made his suggestion Tuesday at the first Tuskegee City Council meetlng Since the tire. The rest of the councUmen agreeded to consider the Idea. In effect, they told the burners that destroying the desegregated fac ilities will not make desegregatlon go away.

Instead, the councilmen Indicated that the fire persuaded them they must do not less but more to promote racial Integration.

"We cannot let lawlessness prevaU," said the Rev. K.L. B uford, one of two Negroes on the five-member councll.

"I think most people In this comm unity pretty weI! recognize the fire was arson even though we haven't appre hended the culprits," parker said.

"But I'm not really as concerned about

what's happened as I am about our

needs for the future."

"

He pointed out that neither Tusk-

egee Public nor Tuskegee Institute

High, the city's Negro high school, has

room enough for..crowds at athletlc

events.

THE HEV. K,L. BUFORD (AT LEFT) DISCUSSES ATHLETIC CENTEH WITH J. ALLEN PARKEH AS COUNCILMAN L. M. GHEGG (CENTEH) LISTENS.

"Tuskegee Institute High has the big gest problem because It has the largest enrollment," Parker added. "They play football at the college field now, but that's not a satisfactory sltuatlon. We need adequate facUities for all the

crimes they commit. Unfortunately, the tax will tall on the just as well as the unjust."

Buford sald that the burning of the grandstand was only one of many acts ot vandallsm.

schools to use for all types of ath letics."

"People are shooting out llghts and tearing up street Signs," he saId,

Parker also made It clear that he doesn't think the new center should nec essarily be placed in the white part of town. "We ought to look at different areas," he said.

He suggested that the city raise taxes or fees If necessary to pay for the center.

"Some people may be pul!lng thecal's

" Things are not getting better. They are getting worse. I've gotten so I sleep with my gun by the head ot my bed every night."

Buford said the city's 20-man police force Isnow worklnga six-day week. He warned that law enforcement wlll re quire more money in next year's budget.

"If this Is an indication of what w e

taU to watch him react," he said, face I n the future," h e said, " w e might

"They will be helping pay tor the as well prepare for It."

PAGE TWO

THE SOUTHERN C OURIER

.. MAY 28-29, 1 9 6 6

THE SOUTHERN COURIER ROOM 622, FRANK LEU BUILDING MONTGOMERY, ALA BAMA 3 61 04 PHONE: (2 0 5 ) 2 62- 3 5 72

THE SOUTHERN COURIER I s publ1shed weekly b y a non-profit, non-share edu caUon corporation, for the study and dlssemlnationof accurate Information about events and affairs In the field of human relations, Price: l per copy, $5 per year In the South, $10 per year elsewhere In the U,S., patron subscription $25 per year used to detray the costs of prlntlng and publica tion. Second-class postage paid at Montgomery, Alabama.

HI. n, NO. 22

Editor: Robert E. Smith Executive Editor: Mary Ellen Gale ASSOCiate Editor: Michael S. Lottman Photography Editor: James H. Peppler Layout Editor: Am} R, Peppler

May 28-29, 1966

Editoral Opinion

Funny Thing

Funny thing about all that anti-poverty money: It never gets to where the poverty is.

The greatest need for money to aid poor people is in counties like Greene, Hale, M arengo, Sumter, Choctaw, Clarke, Wilcox, Lowndes, Dallas, Butler, Autauga, El more, Bullock, Pike, and Crenshaw. That is where Alabama's poverty is.

Check the map. The counties that are shaded are those that have had f ederal anti-poverty funds granted or approved. None of the counties where the money is most needed are shaded. Those are also the counties with great numbers of the state's Negro residents.

B ecause whites and Negroes have not been able to get together in representative groups to agree on a fair program for all poor people, there has been no feder al anti-poverty money sent. Where racial squabbles have not hindered local anti-poverty programs--as in Madison County, Walker County, Winston County, and othe rs--the money keeps coming from Washington.

Not a funny thing really. Not funny to poor folks.

u.s. JUdge Johnson Gives Approval

Macon Enlarge s Jury Li sts

BY MARY ELLEN GALE.

TUSKEGEE -- Justice -- the blind folded lady with the scales--Is back on the Job In Macon County after a flve month vacation to have her bllndtold re adjusted.

The vacation was ordered by a federal court which last January threw out Ma con County's jury list, The court told the county to end racial dlscrlmInation In the selection of Juries and to deseg regate Its jury rolls,

Last week, U, S, District Judge Frank M, Johnson Jr. said he was sat isfied that justice can't see through her blindfold any more, He approved Ihe new comprehensive Jury list and the new jury box compiled by the new Macon County Jury Commission,

Hunter Slaton, the commission clerk, said he flIled the jury box as soon as he received the go-ahead from JudgeJohn son. Slaton said the judge acted on a re port from theJustice Department, John D(lar, U,S, assistant attorney general for Civil rights, reviewed Ihe new jury list and bOl!, He approved them In a let ter May 9 to Johnson,

According to Doar's report, the new

Run-off

(CONTiNUED r[W:\1 PAGE TWO)

running against Blll Neville Jr. In the

31st DIstrict (Macon,Bullock, and Bar bour counties); Arthur 0, Snores, L, S, Gaillard Jr" Dr, James T, Montgom ery, and David H, Hood ,Jr" running

against Robert L, El11s Jr" Tommy

Watkins, Lawrence A. Lee,andThomas

H. Jackson In the Uth Dlstrlct(Jeffer

son County); C, H,Montgomery, running

against William Gra:tson In the 37th

District (Mobile County); and Albert

Turner, running agalns Ira D, Pruitt

In the 27th District (Sumter, Marengo,

aod Perry counties).

.

The Negro candidates are trying to

change the coml,lexton of Alabama's all-white legislature,

T'lree Negro ca:ldidates are running

for sheriff against the mf'n who now hold

the Job; another is running against a former state trooper,

Lucius D, Amerson is facing Sheriff

Harvey Sadler in ;\Ia,'on County, H, 0, Williams is running against Sheriff

C, M. Bile In Bt;llock C oun'y, and Patt J, Davis Is opposing Sheriff W, U, Loftis In Perry CO'jnty, The Rev, HE'nr)" :\\. Casklll's opponent in Hale Collnty is former trooper C. B. (Ben) Kizziah,

Negro candidates for other :':o'lIlty oUices Include Irs,Ann H, Braxton, tax

assessor, Marengo County; Rufus Huff

man, tax assessor, Bl;tock COllnty; the

Rev. L. I, Spears, county commission

er, Choctaw COUJlty; Mrs, Alberta

Branch, tax collector, and the RI!'I,

Peter Klrkse}, shooJ boord, GreenE'

County; Dr, W, L, Hussell, shOQI board, Mobile County; i-, A, Locklair, tax collector, and Haro'd Webb, board

of revenue, Ma,!on County; and the Rl!v, Ollie Scott Jr" tax collector, and Willie

Lester Martin and Isom Atkins, county commissioner, Perry County.

comprehensive list has 5,277 names. (The old one had 1,138,) The new list Includes 2,499 NE!(roes, 1,975 whites and 853 persons whose race was not known, (The old list Included 732 whites and 406 Negroes.)

Slaton listed all male names In the November 1965 Tuskegee telephone di rectory, 1965 tax assesor's list, and 1964 list of reglslered voters, Dcar certified that these were "most cur rent lists available,"

To 1111 the jury bOX, the commission considered the qualifications of every fourth and eleventh name on the com prehensive list, Of these 1 ,710, a total

1,033 (622 Negroes, 396 whites, and 15 unldentltled by race) were accepted. The county now wUl call as jury candi dates people whose names are In the box.

A total of 193 (58 Negroes and 135 whites) were rejected because they were non-reSidents, females, deceased persons, habitual drunkards, or physi cally untlt persons.

Another 484 (181 Negroes, 159 whites, and 14 4 unidenillied by race) were rejected because Ihey were un known to the jury commission,

Slaton said he sent the complete list

Recent Armed Forces

and box to Judge Johnson on March 25. He said Johnson explained the seven week delay In approving them as time for the Justice Department to investi gate the jury commission's action.

In the Interval, Circuit Judge Dan Boyd called oft the spring term of cir cuit court In Macon County. Pointing out that there was no jury list, he post poned until OCtober the entire slate of cases.

Among them was a charge of murder against Marvin Segrest of Shorter for the kJlllng last January 3 of Samuel L. Younge Jr" a Tuskegee Institute student and civil rights worker.

Veterans

Qualify for Free Education Aid

And You Get A Free Flag

The new "G,I, B\11" provides veter ans since 1955 with the same beneUts that veterans of World War II and Korea have had,

The Veterans Administration w1l1 guarantee a home loan for you. ThIs means the VA w1ll stand up for you when you ask a bank or loan agency for money to buy a home, repalr It, buy farm sup plies, get farm 'Norklng capital, or to r efinance a home or farm property.

With the government's guaranty, the private lender w1l1 not require a dOIYn payment, or he w1l1 reduce It,

If you can produce three written re f usals from lenders, the VA will make a direct loan to ou--that Is, if you live In a rural area, It you live within the city limits of Dothan, Opelika, Selma, Blrmln3"ham, Tuscaloosa, or 1 town 01 Similar size, ou will not be elIgible for a jirect loan,

Loans made or guaranteed by the vet e rans Adminlslration are at five and one-halt per cent.

.. Under the new "G, I, Bill," the fed eral government will pay from $100 to $150 a month for school or co\1ege bl\ls for men and women 'nho have been ln the armed forces,

Last March, President Johnson signed a law that extends veteransbene-

VA. Pamphl.t 21.66.1,M."h 1966

EDUCATIONAL ASSISTANCE

for VETERANS and INSERVICE PERSONNEL

The nf'W law also pro'tldes hospitali z ation [or recent veterans on the same basis as that for older veterans. A yet eran rna} be admitted to VA hospitals if hospitalization Is found to be necessary, if the veteran Is unable to pay for the hospital bills, and If bed.i' are avallable.

Recent veterans, like those before 1955, get special preference In applying for Civil Service jobs.

01" yes, If you are a veteran who served since 1955, you now get a free U, S, flag 011 your casket when you die. And 'our next-of-kLn gets to keep It,

VETERANS ADMINISTRATION WASHINGTON. D.C. 20420

fits to men and women who have served In uniform since Jan. 31, 1955.

The government figures that when a young man serves his country he may have to Interrupt his studies or he may not be able to artord college b1l1s once he returns to civilian life, The so called Veterans' ReadjustmentBenefits Act of 1966 tries to make up for this.

The payment program starts June 1, and :tou have to get an application for It by mall or In person from the Veterans Admln1stration regional office at 474 South Court Street In Montgomery or from }'our nearest local VA office.

You are eligible If you have served at least 181 days on active duty and If you apply before eight years have pass ed since your discharge,

For full-time college, vocational, business, high school, or correspond ence school courses, the government will send you a check for $100 a month. If you have one dependent,You get$125, and with two or more dependents you get $150.

The government w1l1 pay less for part-time education.

For young men who are currently serving In uniform (and have been In service mt.

Sermon of the Week

Tell Them

W here Do We Go Now? Lowndes Seniors Aske d

A lot of people from outside the South are going to be HAYNEVILLE--Where do we go from wanting to know about this man Wallace. First, they here?

will ask, isn't it true George Wallace doesn't have any

That Is the question tltat h'Jnrlreds of

thing against Negroes?

high school and college graduates are

Tell them Wallace went out of his way to say he would not vote for Fred Gray, a qualified man who may be nominated by Wallace's party to run for the state

asking this munth, The Rev, H, H, John son asked the question to 90 graduates of Lowndes County Training School,

Pastor of the Hutchinson Street Bap

legislature from Wallace's district. Gray is a Negro, tist Church In Montgomery,Johnson ad

Tell them that George Wallace, the great defender of dressed the baccalureate service on the the state constitution, publicly said he would violate athletic field of the school this month,

a pledge on the Democratic ballot by not supporting the party's nominee.

P eople who have been reading about Wallace around the country will ask, "Isn't he a great believer in local government?' ,

"All of the things we look forward to," he preached, "are to be used as vehicles to get us where we are gOing, whatever our life's work is."

"Every man and every woman end up In one of two places--Heaven or Hell,"

Tell them that depends on what kind of local govern ment. Tell them George Wallace is doing everything he can to take away from local school districts their

he told the students, He took his text from st, John XV:

"Greater love hath no man than this, that a man lay down his life for his fri

right and responsibility to comply with federal deseg ends,"

Johnson later said of the students In Lowndes County, "The)" were tense. Their ears were set, But I found them \'er' hopeful; they are conscious there Is a better life ahead,"

Back at his horn!' pulpit before an adult congregation, Johnson preached last Sunday about "the man who stood and fought,"

He selected for his text Ephesians VI: 13: "Wherefore take unto you the whole armour of God, that ye mav be able to withstand in the evil day, and having done all, to stand . , , ."

Paul was a great soldier, the Baptist J eader preached, a hard lighter with long endurance. At the end of his suc cessful warfare Paulwas an outstanding Christian hero,

"The samE' stand wlll make any indi vidual a hero of Christianity," Johnson said.

regation rules. Tell them G eorge Wallace doesn't think the state mental hospitals ought to be run by the pro fessional administrators in charge.

Letters to the Editor

But isn't Wallace the country's great defender against the powers of the federal government? Tell them no one in A labama can remember when George Wallace told the federal government to take its money and spend it elsewhere. Tell them George Wallace claims credit for Alabama's new highways and junior colleges--built with the help of lots of federal dollars.

Isn't George Wallace really the great patriot, the great defender against communism? Tell them where Wallace flies the American flag.

But doesn't he "stand up for Alabama," saying Ala bamians are as cultured and refined as anyone? Tell them about Wallace's attempt to cut off any "cultured and refined" debate on the Viet Nam war by trying to expel any Alabama college student who petitions against U. S, policy. And ask them how many cultural affairs Wallace has attended at Tuskegee Institute, an Alaba ma cultural institution with a world-wide l'eputation.

To the Editor: In a pledge to the dead of previous

wars the Birmingham Branch or the Women's International League for Peace and Freedom JOIns other branch. . es throughout the country In working for an end to the barbarism of war. "On this Memorial Day we pause to re member with sorrow Ihose who have died In previous wars and those who are dying In Vietnam," said Mrs, El1zabeth Polster, president of the League's Unit ed States Section, "Those who ha.ve given up Ihelr lives have handed down to us the task of saving future generations from the horror of bloocl.'ihed and de struction, We must accept this task so that they w1l1 have not died In vain.

"The shocking, violent and futile waste of human life, both mll1tary and

clvlllan; the burning of homes, the de-

foliation of plants and food through

napalm and other chemicals must be

ended? ? , ? "Civilization demands that peacefUl

solutions must be found Immediately.

Negotiations must be based on the Gene

va Agreement with all parties con

cerned, Including the National Libera

tion Front. We must terminate the bit

ter and tragic hostllIties In Vietnam,

before al1 mankind Is engulfed In

slaughter,

"We, of the Women's International

hLaevaeguecofnocrerPneead'ceouarnsdelFverseedwoimth

who the

calise of peace and freedom for over

50 years, shall continue with every

means at our disposal to urge the ces

saUon of the war In Vietnam,"

Mrs, J, F. Volker Jr, Birmingham, Ala.

BY M ARY MOULTRIE

With school just about over and the summJ'r vacation break just around the corner, most young people have already made up their minds as to how they will spend the summPf.

Te- school books w1l1 probably be tucked away In some forgotten corner to collect dust, while students, free from study and assignmpnts, go aU out to have nothing but fun, There's an ex ception to this--the stUdent who takes his textbookS seriously and continues to stud,. even though he Isn't forced to do so. To this particular specimen Ln the younger set, ETV (Educational Televi sion) Is to be recommended,

For a brush-up outside the class room, ETV Is beneficial as well as en tertaining, During the summer you can see everything from the arts and sciences to ham operator procedures.

For those who are Interested In this kind of vlewLng, here's a brief rundown on some of the programs that wlll be presented this week:

MONDAY, MAY 30

HAM nADlO OPERATOnS--A dis cussion on Simple radio theory, such as power supplies and microphones. AAo points on how to obtain an ama teur radio license, plus Instructions on how to send codes, 4p,m. and 9p,m. Channel 2 In Dozier, Channel 71n Chea ha State park, Channel 10 In Blrmlng ham, Channel 25 In Huntsv11lE', Chanen l 26 In Montgomery, and Channel 42 In Mobile,

WHAT'S NEW--Today's episode In the Adventures of Tom Sawyer features Tom's testimony at the Mutf Potter murder trial. He tells the court he saw Injun Joe com mit the graveyard murder and Muff Is cleared, 5 p,m,

SPECTRUM -- "On the Frontiers of Research" explores experlments, phe nomena, and tleld studies that are now under investigation by leading world scientists, 6 p,m,

TUESDAY, MAY 31 PUBLIC AfIo'AIRS--"The Grj!at So

Ciety" program of President Johnson Is studied, 8:30 p,m. THURSDAY, JUNE 2

GLENN GOULD -- Pianist Glenn Gould Is shown at recording seSSion for Columbia Records, He tapes a perform ance of Bach's "Italian Concerto In F," 7:30 p,m, FRIDAY, JUNE 3

INVITATION TO ART III--Cameras go directly to the galleries of the inter nationally famous Museum of Fine Arts In Boston, 8 p,m.

ALABAMA BV NElWORK COVEIlAGE All educational television programs are seen on Chanen l 2 1n Dozier(number 2 on the map above), Channel 7 In Cheaha state Park, Channel 10 In Birmingham, Channel 25 In HuntsvUle, Channel 26 In Montgomery, and Channel 42 In Mobile.

MAY 28-29, 1966

THE SOUTHERN COURIER

IKE and TINA REVUE

Test by Norman Lumpkin

MONTGOMERY--The ttt1llatlDg Ike aDd Tina TUrner show came to town to theEllts Club this month and belore the I1ghts went out T1Da had rocked the Joint, backed by a ten-Piece band and her husband, lite. Tina struttecl, wlg ,led, screamed, and danced unUl the onlookers ,ot dizzy.

With Ike, who plays the tunklest guitar around and vines

I1ke .. mUl1ona1re, and a thoroughly protesslonal band playtna Ilke.Jnad, T1Da sane songs James Brown made famous--1II her own knock-down-?tell-the-truth-chUet

way--Uke "Please. Please." Alone with the typical

blues, "I Saw My Love Marry Another." In the m1dcIle of the scogs she asks. "How many here

now are with another women's man?.... How many ,olng

with a married persOll wonder does he Idss her Uke he

Idsses me?" And she scores every Ume. The lItettes add to the show with dancln, and vocal

back-up to Tina. The show has a pretty ,ood vocal duo but one person is pretty much 1IISUi--a Youn, white

musician wbo plays a guitar llke 8, B. Ktna could never

do. And many Ne,roestrom the "Nobody-can-play-blues -but-Negroes" school have to take noUce.

Photograph. by Jim Peppler

PAGE THREE

PAGE F O U R

'Somebody Up There Can 't A.dd '

THE SOU T HE R N C O U H IE R

tvloA Y 2 & - 2 9 , 1 9 6 (i

Two Sets of Figures for Mobile County Voters

BY DAVID R . UNDE.R HILL

The Integration makes It very hard

ID APril, 1964, the county 's last of

MO B ILE - -At the pro to tell whether Mobile County Is doing ficial segregated vutlng list was pub

gra m

for Ema ncipatio n

as well as the J'Jstice Department lished. It showed a total 01 about 13,000 thinks. But there is some fairly strong qualUled Negro voters.

D ay here last January , A ttorney General N icho las Katzenbach surprised everybody

evidence that the people whoquestloned Katzenbach's figures last January were right, and that the Justice Department

N o t all of the registered Negro voters were on It, because people had to pay their poll tax before they were qualilled

? ?

when he said that 44 per cent of the adult has been w rong all along.

to v o te.

Negroes in MobUe County were regis

Part of this evidence comes trom the

Bttt a check of courthouse records

te r ed to vote. This unexpectedly good report drew

a big burst of applase from the audi ence.

Peuple were so astonished, In f:lct, that when Katzenbach held a news con ference later In the day, J. L. LeFlore of the Nun Partisan Voters League, and F rank Thomas, editor of the M e,blle B eacon, asked hlm Il he was sure about his figures. They said their figures on Nel!ro registration In the county were m uch lower than his.

primary election. U the Negro regis tration Is really 24,794, as the Justice Department says, then the Neg r o turn out election day was less than 50 per cent. Many people here do not believe that more than halt of the Neg r o volers stayed home.

Some m ore evidence against the Jus tice Df,partment's figures comes Irom another federal agency, the U. S. Civil R ights Commission. About a year and a half ago, It Issued registration figures which were 30 per cent lower than the

last September showed that the dltfer ence between the number of registered Negro voters and qualUled Negro voters In the city of M obile was very small. The check also showed that Negro reg Istration In the city, where most of the county's Negroes live had Increased very little since the 1964 llst was pub Itshed.

If thes e things were true throughout the county, then the total Negro reg Istration last Septemher was probably no m ure than 14,000.

Katzenbach pul led some papers 01Jt of J 'Jstlce Departmt'nt's figures at the

F rom last September until the publl

his briefcase and read from them that same time.

callon of the Integrated llst In April,

Negro registr:.tlon in :\1oblle County

The evidence available Ir o m local aho'.l t 4,000 new Negroes registered"

was 22,097 out Of 50,793 adults, or 44 records fits much better with t he Civil

That wl)uld make total Negro regis

per cent, as of Dec. 22,

R ights C ommission's report than with tra tion just before the primary about

He said he expected the figures would the Justice Department's.

18,000, or 6 ,000 less than the Justice

be even better by the primary election

Departme:lt says.

in May. Figures complied by the J'JS tlce Department justbefore the election showed 24,794 Negro voters, or almost 50 per cent. The Justice Depar tment listed a total of 131 ,949 voters, Negro and 'Nltlte, for Mobile C ounty.

T'le only trouble Is that the county's officlaivoting list publlshed just before the election by Probate JildJe John M oore had only 1 14, 103 names on it.

The dlfterence between the ofticial list and the JIlstlce OE:partment's pre election figure is 17,846 voters.

It many of the miSSing 17,84., voters are Negroes, then the actual Negro reg Istration in ::\loblle County is m'Jch lower than the figures given by Katzen bach and the Justice Department.

Belore this year, it lVould have been e asy tu find (lut how m2ny Negroes were r egistered, because the otriclai list was s egregated, This year, the lis t has been I ntegrated. JudJe Moore retuses to give any explanation for the Integration,

TYPICAL DAY AT REGISTRARS'

This Is about 36 per cent, It you work It ou t, as the Justice Department does, on the basis of 50,793 adult Negroes In the c Oilnty. But that figure Is taken from the 1 960 census, The adult Negro popu lation In Mobile C ounty now Is around 6 1 ,000,

rn other words, only about 30 per cent 01 the eligible Negroes here are actually registered, compared to the nearly 50 per cent which the Justice Department rep o r ts. This puts Mobile County close to the bottom In Negro voter registra tion In Alabama among counties with a large Negro population.

The Justice Department's er ror comes m ainly Irom Its In;:orrect total on the number of voters, white andNa gro, In the county, P r obate Judge Moor e says, "I think they've gotsom..body up there who can't add." But he also say s they m:ly have been adding right and using the wrong numbers. A

C OUNTING THE V OTES ? ? ? ? BUT HOW DO Y OU COUNT THE VCYI'ERS?

Justice Department oft1clal said last week that this was possible.

Apparently, the departmpnt started with white and egro totals that were too high ''hen It began checking on reg Istration a few years ago. It has sim ply been addlng newly registered voters to these early Incorrect totals,

Judge M oore says the department didn't get any figures, right or wrong, from him. He says he duesn't know where the department's figures came from.

The department says lts figures come from local officials, and In Alahama that generally means the p robate judge.

Unless someone clears up this con tuSion, it will be impossible to say

whether the department's error was a simple mlstalce or whether somebody wanted the pubUc to get Intlated reports on Negro registration here.

But regardless of the reason for the error , some consequences of !t are ob vious,

It has given people In Mobile and W ashington the Impression that Negro r e g1stration Is m oving along ver>' well, This has led Washington to believe that federal voting examiners are not needed In Mcohlle C ounty. Katzenbach's January speech Implied that the department as sumes local oftlclals are obeying the voting rights act incounties with a rela tively high percentage of Negroes reg Istered.

Evidence of violations could change

the department's mind, but a good reg Istration record " tends to deter" the s endlng 01 examiners, according to a department official.

LeFlore has twice appealed unsuc cessfully tor federal examiners. H is appeals Included evidence of violations of the voUng rights act.

One of , these appeals came a few m onths before Katzenbach's surprising remarks on the success of registration In MobUe County, The other came shortly after,

Since then, most Negro leaders and registration workers have accepted :he Justice Department's figures as accu rate, and no one hasbeen asking for fed e ral examiners or launching any reg Istration drives,

Takes

Cas h

to

Get

Endorsement

?

In

Mobile

B Y DAVID R . U:o'. OERHILL

Booth has not done a good job of prose

MO BILE --At least six diffe re nt sample b al l o ts

cuting organized crime and Illegal l IqlJOr rings, or of giving eual justice to Negroes.

were pas sed out for the

P aiughl's charges about unequal jus

May 3 pri mary elec t ion by

N egro orga ni zations a nd

individuals i n Mobile County, They caused a lot of contusion and controversy.

There was contusion because the bal lots did not all m ake the same endorse m e nts,

There was controversy because many people disagreed with certain endorse m ents.

Tills contusion and controversy

tlce centered on last summ!'r's Nathan Iel Taylor case,

Taylor, a mentally retarded :-Iegro man, was brought to trial by B ooth's of flce for the murder of a pl'om lnentwhite 'Nom an, The prosecution asked tor the death penalty, but the judge r u led that there wasn't enough evidenc e to try Taylor and ordered the jury to tree him,

The NPVL helped prepare Taylor's defense and raised mu,:h of the money to pay for it,

showed up at the polls; there were big

Palughl's cousin Dvlano Palughl was

splits In the Negro vote. And t.he con one of Taylor'S lawyers, VernonC r aw

troversy has c ontinued past the elec ford was the other. Crawford said there

tion.

was so little evidence aains t Taylor

MLCh oC the talk \Jas centered on the that he should never have been brought

district attorney's race where Peter to trial. J. L. LeFlore of the NPV L ex

P alughl lost to Carl Booth, who has held pressed Similar opinions at the time.

:he office for 23 years, Many sam)e

But after the NPVL endorsed Booth,

b allots endor sed palughl, but the Non LE'F lor e argued that Bwth '/las only do

Par tisan Voters League ballot endorsed Ing his j ob In bringing Taylo r to trial.

Booth. The 'Ioters league ballot is one

Raym ond Scott, president of the Non

of the oldest and by far the most Infiu Parl lsan V,)ters League, declined to

entlal In the county. Twenty -Uve thou comment on the Booth endorsement or

sa;ld copies were distributed this elec on any other part of the orga;lizatlon's

tion.

election activities. He said that Le

If Palughl md gotten the voters league F lore would be the spokesm an for the

\,ndorsement, he probably would have voters league,

won the election,

LeFlore says he has no evidence that

Palughl charged in his campaign that Booth has faUed to do his best or that

palughi would ?jo any better. palughl says It's hard for him to un

del' s tand why he did not get the voters league endorsement and b.uder to un ders tand why he was never asked to m'e with the voters league screening com mittee, which decided on all en d'lr sem'nts.

HE' says he and \Is cousin talked twice to LeFlore about meeting with the com m i t tee, LpFlore told them to ask Scott for an appointment, and they did, But they say n.) one ever called back ')r wro te t o tell them when to come.

Two other local candidates who ex peeted to get the voters league end,)rse m e nt did Jet It, but so did their oppo nents. They were Bill Orrell, a 23year-old running for the legislature, and Tom Sweeney , running for judue of general sessions. Boh are relatives and close friends of Mobile Mayor Jos eph . Laga.1, who has cooperated with the voters league for many years.

LpFlore said the screening commit tee thought Orrell "was a fine young man" but that neither he n.:>r his oppo nent had heen prumlnent In public I lle b efore. Therefore, the commi ttee had no records to compare.

LeF lore also r.eported that Orrell was "late" coming before the commit tee. They had already decided to en dor se his opponent and decided toput an "X" beside Orrell's name as a "cour tesy," Orrell said he met with the com-

REMEMBER NATHAN I E L

?Y A Y? L O R'

SOME OF THE VOTERS H E M E M HERED

m lttee three or four weeks belore the sample ballot went to the printer, He thinks there" was something besides time Involved In the double endorse ment.

Sweeney , like Orrell, cam..,algned publicly for Np.gro votes and expected :o get a clear voters league endorsemt'nt over h:s opponents. But the N p v L gave F r ank Alonzo an "X" also. Sweenej' has not been active In politics before, but A lonzo has,

. .Alonzo has a very bad record on race relations," said a m e mber of another organlzatlon, whichgave single endorseml1nts to Orrell and Sweeney, as almost a .\ l sample ballots did, except the voters league's.

Alonzo was delegate to the DemrJCra tic National Convention In 1 964. He went along with the Alaroma delegation's op position to Civil rights proposals and to oaths of loyalty to the national Demo cratic Party. But LeFlore says Alonzo admitted to the screening com mittee that this was a m l s talce, which he made only becaClse he was under great pres sure to keep In line with the Ala!>ama delegallon.

In the city elections last fall, Alonzo was one 01 the chlel ba.::kers of a man who tried to unseat Mayor Langan.

" That Alonzo endorsement was just plain bad pOlitics," says a white politi cian, " L angan ha!; done a lot for those people," This man said he thinks the voters league screening comm ittee knew It was bad politics but had some r eason for endorsing him anyway,

" I t Is generally believed among poli ticians downtown that the Negro vote is available for a price," said one of those politicians. But he added that there are occasional exceptions. No amount of money could have gotten m any Negro votes for Wallace or taken m any away from Flowers.

But, he said -.vhen the Issues are not so clear, and especially In local races where a few thousand votes can be cru Cial, the bidding gets pretty active.

A number of other politicians con firmed this. None of them wanted to be quoted by name. " I may need that vote sometime In the luture," one explained.

Few Negroes active In politics try to deny that money Is Involved. Most ad m i t It openly, and they generally add that the money Is used to pay campaign ex penses, Uke phoning committees and poll watchers.

But many Negro and '...,hlte politic ians also say that a lot ot cash Is paid lor other purposes to Influential Individuals and members of various sc reening committees, or donated to certain churches.

"It's all done tn ways which are vir tually Impossible to trace and prove," says a polltlclan, "Candidate A gives some cash to m lll(Ueman B, who gets It to Negro leaders C,0, and E."

Many people name C . H. King Sr. as one of the m31n middlemen. King, a white man, has ' owned and operated

SAM P LE BALLOTS OF ALL KINDS, EVERYWHERE

m ovie theate rs In Negro nelghborhoods for many years and has always had what LeFlore described as "quite a:l interest In politics."

Just before the polls closed on elec tion day , King and his son, C. H. King Jr., arrived at the polling place In Ward 10, the largest Negro ward. When the election oftlcials opened the machines and started reading off the results, the Kings followed right behind copying d.:>Wn results from each m a chine.

LeFlore says that 11 King has any big

Infiuence over the Negro vote, "I don't know anything about It."

LeFlore said that "over the years, we have found It necessary to eliminate several people from the organization" because of their Involvement In improp e r election deals,

Frank Thomas, acting head ofthe Mo bUe County Coordinating Committee, satd his organization has been "fortu Date enough" not to have such troubles.

The Rev;A . Robert Ray, director of the MOOUe Coty Movement, admitted that his groop received some money, but said It was all for campaign expen ses.

Jeery Davis, president of the group, said he has indications of "certain Ir regularities" within the. organization, but everything has been denied and noth Ing can be proven.

Some smaller groups and Indlv1duais also received election money.

LeFlore says that everything re ceived and spent by the voters league " Is strictly accounted for In our rec ords. This Isn't true for some other groups."

The voters league paid about $2,400 for printing, for a crew of 18 women who worked two days folding and stuffing the ballots In envelopes, and for dlstrlbu tlon of the 25,000 copies.

Receipts from candidates endursed on the ballot were a few hundred dol lars more than this.

LeFlore says, , ' It would be a wonde. ? lui thing Il y ou didn't have t o get an y m oney from the candidates. But the Ne -

THE KINGS CHECK WA R D 1 0 VOTES

gro people just don't support y ou," Office expenses for the voters league

are about $350 a month; so the excess from the election won't last very long, "When the account gets lean, then we (NPVL officers) have to pay the ex penses out of our own pockets," Le Flore repor ted.

But despite this finanCial pinch, "no body pays for an endorsement from this organization," LeFlore said, The screening committee decides whom It wlll endurse, he said, and then these en dorsed candidates are asked for a con t ribution toward the cost oC the ballot.

one candidate reports that a few days atter he had been screened he got a call from the voters league saying h e had been endorsed and telling him his share of the expenses. He says it was " quite clear" that the endorsement depended on his paying this share.

HI' didn' t pal', and when the ballot came out, one of his opponents had the endorsement.

LeFlore says things like this do hap-

(CONTINtJED ON PAGE F f\' E , C ol. 4)

MAY 28-29, 1966

T HE SO U T H E R N CO U R IE R

PAGE FIVE

B arbour

C ounty

L osers . POL ITIC IANS CALL ? A CO MM O D I1Y TO

NEGRO ? VO TE B E B O UG H T

We 're

Down

But

Not

O ut

(CONTINUED FROM PAGE FOUR) pen. When a man meets with the screen Ing committee, It Is understood that

Neither do the constant reports of much larger payments which never are en t ered on the books ot any organization.

Some retatn their respect tor a tew Negro leader s. One says at LeFlore, "He works too hard to be In this for the

BY MARY E LLEN GALE EUFAULA- -Wesley M CNear folded

his arms, leaned against the back of a clU\1l', and thoUght for a moment, Then be grinned.

"I! I could get to be sheriff of this county ," he sald," that's all I wan!,"

It seemed like a strange thingtor him to say. The primary election was long over. OIIt ot the 8 ,000 votes cast tor Barbour c ounty sheriff, M c Near re

ceived less than ten per cent-- just 7 1 5. That's the kind of vote that would

make an ordinary candidate think about retiring from pol1tlcs forever. But McNear wasn't an ordinary candidate.

didate In Barbour County who lost two races on May 3. He was defeated for the board of education and tor the Democra tic Executlve com mitlee. But hewasn't discouraged either.

" I feel great," he sald, settling Into a chair. "We did the important thlDg. We gave the impression we mean to get in public life." H e l eaned forward,

" N inety-five per cent of our people haven't given much thought to govern ment until now. TheY've just begun to get roused JP. Our goal will be focused towar d keeping them interes ted in taking an active part In government af fairs- - Iocal to national."

League has spent Its time and m oney the last three weeks trying to elect F red Gray to the state House of Repr esenta tives. Gray Is in the run-off tor place no. 2 in the 3 1 st district (Macon, Bul lock, and Barbour counties) against B11I Nev1l1e of Eufaula.

" After Tuesday we're going to start training people for c i ty positions," she sald. "BY the city eleCtion, they 'll know the full dUties and how to c ampalgn. We'll train more than one tor each job, so If somebody drops out, we'l1 still have a qualUied candidate."

The rest ot the potential candidates

(CONTINU E D ON PAGE SIX, Col. l )

he wlll pay, II be gets the endorsement. The screening committee feels, Le F lore explains, that a mall who would b reak this understanding could not be counted on to keep promises about bow he would act in oUice.

Some candidates are not expected to pa}' anything. LeFlore explained the double endorsements In Orrell's and Sweeney's races by saying, " It was felt that neither ot them had much m oney be hind their campaigns. So, the commit tee decided to carry them free, out of respect for their apparent sincerity and their connection with ).Ir. Langan."

I n other words, the voters league will endorse a man solely for his pol1t1cal

Politicians downtown talk ot the Ne gro vote as a com modity to be bought and sold at elec tion time and then stored away unUl th e next election.

money." But, he adds, some other Ne groes becom e Negro leaders " mainly at election time."

Inside the established Negro organi zations, a tew people are w'Jrking tor Changes in the system. So are some on the outside. They say that when a man gets an endorsement by paying for It, then "he doesn't owe us anything after he gets Into office."

Davis, of the Mobile County Move ment, said he wants to help organize a Single, county-wide screenlng commit tee that will "override this back-door politics and bring the candidates out into the open. T h is I s the only way to show the candidates that they can be beaten

"On May 4, I started running tor sheriff four years from now," he said.

Like MCNear, Kelly has personal p lans to help keep the people interested.

' HELP- HELP-HELP

views. But it will also endorse mE'n who don't have the Slme views but do have

in the Negro wards, no m atter how much they par."

He stopped, as if considering what a long time four years can be.

"I'm also thinking of the city elec tions," he sald. " T hey'll be coming up In just a couple of years. M aybe I'll run tor the city council."

Two years isn't tomorrow, and a lot could happen to change McNear's m ind. But he doesn't think it will. H e has al ready m ade some new plans.

" originally I was going to go back in the Air Force," he said. " Bul l think I'll stay here with my people now. I can do m ore tor them by staying than by go Ing back.,"

A couple of miles across town, John

He also wants to run in the city election.

" W e had a lot of agony May 3," he s aid, .. A lot of our people discouraged

others from supporting us. Some sold their vote. A 10lD! votes were stolen. 1 think we'll dJ better next tr}'."

Mrs. Mary Marshall, president of the Eufaula Voters League, was another

lOSing candidate for theboard of educa tion. " 1 didn't really lose," she said. " I gained knowledge and understanding.

"I ' m not going to give up that easy. I'll win one of these days. If not the next time, the time after that, I got ac

qUainted with some of my whitebrothers

and Sisters. Maybe after a while, they'll

REV. ROOSEVEtT F R A K t t: '

of Macon, G a. D IV INE

S P ffi ITUAL HEA L ER

Jesus Is truly giving Victory to ma:ty, many people's problems. SUCCESS C AN BE YOURS. See or write m e today. I have a special message tor every troubled soul. Last week many, many people were helped by my special selected Bible reading, to be read on Special Days. If you want to be deliver ed quickly, Send

$ 1 .00 and stamped, self-addressed

envelope to;

some mone)' to help pa, tor the ballot and other expenses of the organization.

II Almost all the screening commit tees work this wa} ," said an experi enced politician.

T ills doesn't exactly encourage poll ticians to respect the Negro vote.

covers

J OH N LeFLORE

Iany :-1egroes and white politicians dO'lbt this wlll work. They say there will be som e corruption as long as there are screening committees and sample ballots. " T he only answer ," on'3 man e xplains, "Is well- Informed voters who won't let anyone tell them how [0 vote. That's a long way off."

To Pro ve the C o n st itution of the U n ited State s Is True ? ? ?

Let 's Go to the Polls on .M1y 31 and

Kelly Jr. had just come hom e from a see I'm a hard worker and vote for me."

long day' s work. Kelly is the only can-

M r s. Marshall said the voters

R E V . ROOSEV E LT FRANKLIN

630 MORROW ST.

Macon, Ga.,

Phone SH. 5-6475

Next 7 cacheted covers commem o)uUng onl) the major U. S. space achievements tor $5.00 advance de

Ca st Your Ballot

REID C and

HABERDASHERY

You will get thee SPECIAL SELECTED BIBLE VERSES BY R E T URN M AIL

posit. SPACE CRA F T COVERS, P .O, Box 2296, Huntington, W. Va. 25724, U.S.A,

. ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?, ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?

A Vote /or

? ? ?

?

ALBERT TURNER ??

for

Henry McC a skill

fo r

Hale Co unty

Cleaning ? Pressing

Would Be a Vote for YolUself

Sheriff

Clothing for Men and Boys

S T . R E PR E SE N TA TIV E , 2 7 th D IST.

T H A T W E MIGHT E X ERCISE O U R CON STlT U TI O N A L R IG H TS

- Umbrellas

- Shower Shoe s

- Shi rts -Socks

- SIJort Coats - U nderwear

-Suits

- A c c ess o ri e s

- T ies

-Hats and Caps

- Slaeks

- J eans

- Top Coats

- Belt s

- Gloves

-Suspe nde r s

-Robes

-Handkerchiefs

-Athletic Supporters

- Wallets

- Freeman Shoes

. U . S. Keds

. Botany Suits a nd Slacks -

M on t g o m e ry R d .

Tu skegee I n s t i t ut e , A l a .

( Perry , Marengo , Sumter c o unti e s)

(Pd. Pol. Ad'i. by Henry Mccask1ll, Greensboro, A l a.)

?? THIS IS IT ? ? MAY 31

?

::e . . . . . . . .(.P.d.. .P.o.l..A. . .dv. .b.y.A. . .lbe .rt.T.u.rn.e.r., . . . . . . !llarion, A.l.a..). . . . . .. . ..

WOULD Y O U GIVE ME TH E O P PO R TU N I TY TO

CON TIN U E

S E R VI N G

IN

THIS O F FICE ?

PLEASE VOTE FOR

Vote

TOM SWEENEY

Judge of

General Ses sions

Harvey Sadler

Mobile County

HAVE YOU HEARD THIE

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F OR

Sheriff of Macon County

Subject t o Dem. P r imary M ay 3 1 , 1 9 6 6

Your Vote and Infl uenc e Wi l l Be Gre atly Appre ciated

(Pd. Pol. Adv. by Harve) Sadler, Tuskegee, Ala.)

Patt J. Davis

Promises

1 . To p ut dependab ility and honesty into la W en force ment , and take fear o ut .

2. T o uphold a l l the law s o f A labama and Perry C o unty.

3. To give eq ual j ust i c e to all the pe o ple of Pe rry Co unty , both N egro and white .

4 . To protect the life and p rope rty o f all c iti zens of Perry County .

Vote For Patt J . D avi s

for

Perry County Sh eri ff

Denwcratic Run-Off Tuesday, May 31

(Pd. Pol. Adv. by palt J. Davis, Marlon, Alabama)

A FA I R MA N W H O R E S PE CTS THE R IGH T S O F AL L . A r-; E X PE R I E N C E D M A N , 2 1 Y EA R S A TRIA L L A W Y E R IN MO BIL E.

A N H ON E ST MAN WH 0 MEA N S WHA T H E SA Y S.

( Pd. Pol. Actv. by Har ry W i t t e, and Tom Sweeney, M ob ile, Ala.)

Vote

Montgomery

Place 10 ,Alabama House

Mobile County

It elected t o the House of Representatives, Place '10, In the Democratic run -ott election, I shall wel come suggetions on how to imp:ove the welfare of the people in tJJe remote sections of our county as well as in Mobile proper.

I will work hard t o encoura6e industry, such as Vanity Fair, and others to locate here.

With the phase-out of B rookley, we mustbe sure that enough Industry Is here to (!II the void.

With our natural resources and ,waterways, there Is no reason why Bayou La Batre and sur rounding areas, for instance, should not enjoy true prosperit}' ?

There Is nothing so seriously wrong with our econom:, that a little spreading to the forgotten areas wlll not cure.

Let us all work !n harmony and understanding for a greater Mobile County.

Don 't Forge t to Vote in

the

R oo - Off Ekction May 31 (P'!. Pol. Adv. by F rank Fields, chm., C larence M ontgom l'ry C a mpaign Commit tee, l\1olJlle, Ala.)

P A GE S I X

THE SOUTHE R N COURIE R

MAY 28-29, 1 9 6 6

Alabama

R ights

Figh te rs

No w

?

In

C h i c ago

BY MICHA E L S. LOTT"1AN

CHIC AGO--One day In the middle 01 May, it snowed in Chicago. And no one was colder than the SCLC workers who came from the South to start a Civil rights movement here.

" People don't feel too bad about go Ing to a mass meeting when It's 80 de grees," said Jimmy Come r , who work ed In Dallas, Greene, Hale, and Marengo counties last summer before going north to Chicago. "But when It's cold and snowy , they don't feel Uke going to no damn mass meeting."

The Rev. James Orange, a veteran of every Alabama civil rights campaign since the 1963 Birmingham marches, said the weather bothered him, too.

"The weather's my only hang-up with the North, man," said the big, bearded organizer. " Everything else Is okay."

Besides Collier and Orange, many other A labama rights workers a r e now In Chlcago--the Rev. James Bevel, the

Rev. Andrew Young, Bennie Luchion, J i m my Wllson, Jim Letherer , and, of course, the Rev. Martin Luther King Jr., leader 01 the C hicago m ovement.

Their lives a r e different s ince ther came to this ch!l1y city, which has more people than the whole state 01 Alabama. Dr. King lives In a third-floor slum apartment, Instead 01 his pleasant home In Atlanta. Andy Young has the flu off and on. Bevel sometimes wears a three piece suit Instead of his overalls.

For James Orange, at least one thing hasn't changed. He's stili getting beat en up.

Orange said he was knocked around In Birmingham, Gadsden, Selma, and several other places In Alabama. "AnybodY who worked In Alabama In 1963 and 1964 had to get It," he satd. "I couldn't tell you, really, how many times I was a r rested."

W hen he came to Chicago, the beat Ings started again. But this time the

BARBOUR C O UNTY L OSERS

(CONTINUE D F ROM PAGE F IVE)

pOinted out that Eufaula has about six whites to every four Negroes, and talked about the city council. But Mrs. Mar shall Is used to running thJngs. "It's Ume we had a Negro mayor," she said thoughttully.

Mrs. Mary Hunter Is one 01 six Negro women who ran for what used to be pre cinct seats on the county Democratic Executive Committee. When the pre sent committee members discovered that four of the six precincts had more Negro voters than white, they rewrote the rules to let the county's white ma jority vote for aU the offices. The six losers have asked the federal court to

throw out the rules chqe.

"I lost in the county," said M rs. Hunter, who Uves 10 Comer, "but I won in my beat. I beUeve tbi court is going

to support us and that I'm going to be able to take my seat. U not, I'll be up again In another four years."

The losing candidates admitted that many new voters were more upset by their defeat than they are. M rs. Rosie Jordan, who ran for the Democratic Ex ecutive Committee, sald some people don't think votllig Is worth the trouble.

" People say, ' They took our votes before. They' l l steal 'em again. Our votes Is no good,' II Mrs. Jordan said. "I tell them, ' Don't -teel that. Your votes were some good. We just need more votes.' "

IT PAY S TO

ADVE RTISE

IN T H E COURIE R

attackers weren't hostile white people or state tr oopers. They were members of Negro street gangs, " testing" orange's n on-violent philosophy. Chi cago has m any such gangs, with names l i ke the Vice Lords, the Roman Saints, and the Spanish Cobras. SC LC Is trying to get thei r help In the C hIcago move m ent,

" I was beaten up by gangs nine Um es," said orange, and there were ten other " I ncidents" when he was al m ost, but not qutte, beaten UP. But he convinced the gang members that he really was non-violent.

The goal of the Chicago movementls to get rid of the slums where most of the City's 1 ,000,000 Necroes l1ve. Col-

THE REV. JAMES ORANGE

A l a b a m a Christia n

f MOl'ement or Human R ig hts

Kick-off for the tenth annual cele bration w i l l be held Monday, May 30, a,t 6:30 p. m . at New pilgrim B aptist C h'lrch, 903 Sixth Avenue South, Birmingham, the Rev. N. H. Smith Jr., pastor.

lier said a movement Is much harder to organize In a big city like C hicago than it is In a small Southern town.

" In the South, you could get to know the people just In your head," he said. " Here, one block has 400 or 600 peo ple." And, he said, there are many things going on In a big city that take people's minds o1f the movement,

" Y ou have to fight to get their time and Interest. You can't do It just by saying you' re going to fight for free dom ."

A r e the people the same In the North and the South?

Collier said they were--but then he changed his m ind. "The people In the North are more beaten dO'NIl," he said. "Here in the North, people have lost hope. In the South, people at least thought there was hope in the North."

orange said the Negro organizations were more militant In the Nor th, but the people were about the same. "Ba slcally, the people here are the broth ers, Sisters, nteces, and nephews of the ones down South. II

Even though Chicago is big arid cold, Collier and Orange said that's where they had to be.

" This has to be done," said Colller, who has become the number one song leader for the Chicago movement. "Un til this Is done, the cltles In the South face the same kinds of problems as the cities In the North."

"I'd rather be back where I started," said Orange. " B ut at this moment, I

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don't think there's too much I could

orange asked to be remembered to

do In the South with my organlziog abill- all his friends In Alabama. And then he

ty. My presence Is more needed here said sadly, "I do want to get back

than down South."

South."

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They 're Reading Us In:

Lower Peach Tree, Alabama Flea Hop , Alabama Itta Bena, Mi S Si S Sippi Normal , Alabama W e s t Point, Georgia High Point , North Carolina Sandy Spring, Maryland Opp , Alabama Snow Hill, A labama C ha pel Hill, North Carolina F alls C hurch, Virginia ,C old Bay , A la ska Y ellow Springs, Ohio. B rown , Illinois

Golden , Colorado E ast Orange, Ne)V Jersey Walnut Grove, Mis sis sippi Hiwa s se , A rkan sas Rock Run, Alabama Pansey , A labama N ew Bern , North C arolina Rolling Fork , Mis sis sippi Sweet Water, Alabama H aven , Kansas Hope Hull , Alabama D erider , Louisiana Glen Rock, New Jer s ey Wood stock , Vermont

Womack Hill s, A labama L etohatchee , Alabama Rye , New York Chicka s a w , Alabama Coconut Grove, F lorida Beatrice, A labama Bel zoni, Mi s sis sippi King Salmon , Alaska

Curnavaca , Mexico

Olterterd , Netherlands Victoria , Australia Kuala Lumpur, Malay sia Kailua , Odhu , H aw aii Leroy , A labama

Time ? IS , Money

And lfhy ?

Becau se people want to know what's really happening in Alab a m a. Don't you

have.. a friend who wants to know what' s really happening ? Tell him that The

Sou ern Courier i s the only way to find out. Show a friend a copy of your paper.

. "

THE SOUTHERN COURIER

w e ' re a t your servic e

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C onsult u s on any matter pertaining to finan cial need. Our staff of expert s can guide you on inve stment s, on e state-planning ? ? ? on planning ahead for future neces sitie s.

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P.O. Box 7 3 8

T u skegee , Alabama

We Are an Equal Opuport nitv EmploJeJ r

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Montgomery , A labama 3 6 1 0 4

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