#1 - Mr. Potter's Website

Potter

Name: _________________________________________ Date: ______________________________

Earth Science

Unit 2: Astronomy

Hour: ______________

#1

LT 2.1 Galaxy Formation: I am able to describe the formation of the Milky Way Galaxy and our solar system and model earth's position in each.

Yes I can 1. Can you roughly explain how the Milky way, and our solar system formed?

2. Can you explain the size difference between the solar system, the Milky Way and the Universe?

3. Can you explain where and how the Earth moves in the solar system and the Milky Way?

LT 2.2 Sun Activity: I can explain activities in and on the sun, including how our sun gets its energy, makes different elements, and produces solar flares and winds.

Yes I can 1. Can you explain events on the sun like sunspots, solar flares, and solar winds?

2. Can you relate events (auroras, power disturbances) on the Earth to sun events?

3. Can you explain the process of fusion and how it makes other elements and how newly made elements in the sun are spread across the universe?

LT 2.3 Star Formation: I can describe the evolution of a star and use a Hertzsprung-Russell diagram to infer different properties of evolving stars.

Yes I can 1. Can you explain the life cycle of a star? (Both large and small)

2. Can you explain how an H-R diagram is used to infer the temperature, age, life span, and mass of a star?

3. Can you explain how and why stars of different masses will have different lives?

LT 2.4 The Big Bang: I can interpret electromagnetic data and other data evidence and use it to explain the Big Bang Theory and the formation of the Universe.

Yes I can 1. Can you explain what the Big Bang Theory is and the evidence we use to support is.

2. Can you explain how cosmic background radiation, red shift, motion of distant galaxies, and the composition of matter of the universe support the The Big Bang?

Potter

Name: _________________________________________ Date: ______________________________

Earth Science

Vocabulary I should know:

1. Solar system ? Earth's local group of planets (7 others) revolving around the Sun

Hour: ______________

#2

2. Galaxy ? A collection of billions of systems (stars and their planets)

3. Universe ? Every galaxy and everything we can possibly observe

4. AU ? An Astronomical Unit. A measure unit defined by the distance between the Earth and the Sun (93 million miles). Example: Mars is 1.5AU's away from the sun, Pluto is about 40AU's away from the sun.

5. Light Year ? the distance light travels in one year (6.1 trillion miles or 6,100,000,000,000 miles)

6. Big Bang ? The well accepted supported theory that the origin of the universe started as an infinitely tinny and hot speck that "exploded" 14 billion years ago and is still expanding.

7. Doppler Red shift ? the observation that stars moving away from us are shift to the red end of the light spectrum. Supports the theory of an expanding universe because almost everything is moving away from us.

8. Cosmic Background radiation ? heat left over from the initial "bang" of the universe. It can be seen at the most distant edge of the universe (the farthest back in time that we can see)

9. Sun spot ? a cool dark spot on the sun. Usually associated with solar flares and prominences.

10. Prominence ? a large arch of plasma looping on the surface of the sun, usually found over sunspots.

11. Solar flare ? When a prominence twists until it breaks (like a rubber band) and releases energy out into space

12. Solar winds ? a stream of charged particles that come from the sun and fly through the solar system, often hitting Earth.

13. Auroras ? AKA the northern lights. When charged particles from the sun enter our atmosphere, the glow a reddish, greenish color, high in the sky.

14. Fusion ? nuclear reaction that combines two atoms in to one, releasing a tremendous amount of energy (happens in the sun)

15. Fission ? the process of splitting large atoms into smaller atoms, release a large amount of energy (not as much as fusion)

16. Emission spectrum ? light coming from a star (or any light source). It looks like a rainbow of light except if you look closely, bands of light are missing. These missing bands represent the elements in the star.

17. Coronal Mass ejection ? (CME's) a giant cloud of solar plasma blasted away from the sun during strong and longduration solar flares.

18. Geomagnetic storm ? a temporary disturbance of earth's magnetic field, caused by solar flares and CME's. Geomagnetic storm can interrupt or communications and electrical transmission. Large storms have the potential on knocking out our power grid.

Potter

Name: _________________________________________ Date: ______________________________ Hour: ______________

Earth Science

Welcome to the Solar System

#3

LT 2.1 Galaxy Formation: I am able to describe the formation of the Milky Way Galaxy and our solar system and model earth's position in each.

Define an A.U.:

We are going to pretend that the Sun is only 1 meter in diameter. How big would the other planets be?

Planet

Actual diameter (km)

Scaled diameter (mm)

Sun (a star)

1,391,980

Mercury

4,880

Venus

12,100

Earth

12,800

Mars

6,800

Jupiter

142,000

Saturn

120,000

Uranus

51,800

Neptune

49,500

Pluto

2,300

Distance from the Scaled distance

sun (km)

from the sun (m)

0

58,000,000

108,000,000

150,000,000

228,000,000

778,000,000

1,430,000,000

2,870,000,000

4,500,000,000

5,900,000,000

Distance from the sun (AU)

0 0.39 0.72 1.00 1.52 5.2 9.54 19.2 30.1 39.4

In the "space" (Get it?) below, draw and label each planet to scale:

Get this box signed by Mr. P after you make your model of the solar system

Potter

Name: _________________________________________ Date: ______________________________

Earth Science

You are here

Hour: ______________

#4

LT 2.1 Galaxy Formation: I am able to describe the formation of the Milky Way Galaxy and our solar system and model earth's position in each.

1. Put in order from smallest to biggest: Universe, Solar System, Planet, Galaxy, Sun, Moon

2. Name and draw the planets in the solar system. Draw them in order.

3. Draw where our solar system located in the Milky Way.

4. Put it all together: Universe

Galaxy

Solar System

3rd rock from the Sun Pictionary (this is just stuff that you should know to be a citizen of this planet): 5. Draw a picture showing a day. (sun and earth) 6. Draw a picture showing a year. (sun and earth)

7. Draw a picture showing a solar eclipse (sun, earth and moon) 8. Draw a picture showing a lunar eclipse (sun, earth, and moon). 9. Draw a picture showing a full moon (sun, earth, and moon).

Potter

Name: _________________________________________ Date: ______________________________ Hour: ______________

Earth Science

Determining the Diameter of the Sun

#4

LT 2.1 Galaxy Formation: I am able to describe the formation of, the Milky Way Galaxy and our solar system and

model earth's position in each.

Part 1: How big is the light bulb? Rules:

1. You can't measure the light bulb 2. You must use a pinhole camera 3. Must setup a proportion. 4. PHC = Pin hole camera

Diameter of bulb = Diameter of the Image

Distance to PHC

Distance to PHC

Show your calculations:

Answer:

Part 2: How big is the sun?

There are four jobs: 1. Pinhole camera operator 2. Projection screen holder 3. Measurer (you need to measure two things) 4. Recorder

Diameter of Sun = Diameter of the Image on the projection screen

93,000,000 miles

Distance from PHC and the projection screen

Show your calculations:

Answer:

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