Energy systems – Advantagess and disadvantages



Energy systems – Advantages and disadvantages

Alactic system – ATP/PC system – Phosphagen system

|Advantages |Disadvantages |

|It provides ATP re-synthesis very quickly because the PC is |There is only a small amount of PC stored in the muscle cells |

|stored in the muscle cell and it is a simple reaction | |

|As no oxygen is needed there is no delay for oxygen to be |Only one molecule of ATP is re-synthesised from one molecule of|

|supplied from the lungs |PC |

|It can provide energy for very high intensity exercise such as |It will only provide energy for a maximum of ten seconds |

|high jump, kicking a ball or hitting a powerful tennis serve | |

|PC will re-synthesise quite quickly and so recovery times for | |

|this system are short. | |

|There are no harmful by-products | |

The Lactic Acid System –

|Advantages |Disadvantages |

| Produces 2ATP = more than ATP-PC system |Not as quick as ATP-PC system |

|There is a relatively large amount of glycogen stored in the |The by-product – lactic acid – lowers pH in the muscle cell |

|body and so this system can provide more ATP than the PC system|making it more acidic. This prevents enzymes from functioning |

| |properly and so causes muscle fatigue |

|There are still relatively few chemical reactions taking place |Only lasts for around 40 seconds at highest intensity – up to 3|

|during glycolysis and so ATP can be provided quickly for |mins at lower intensity |

|high-intensity activities that last from 15-180 seconds | |

|As no oxygen is needed there is no delay for oxygen to be |Net effect is pain and fatigue |

|supplied from the lungs | |

The Aerobic system

|Advantages |Disadvantages |

|A large amount of ATP can be re-synthesised. 36-38 moles of |Slow starting system. There is a delay whilst sufficient |

|ATP from one mole of glycogen – even more from fats |oxygen is delivered from the lungs to the working muscles so |

| |this system cannot provide large amounts of ATP immediately |

|Very efficient system – with good O2 supply |More complex series of reactions = slower |

|Energy can be supplied for long periods |The system cannot produce ATP while working at higher |

| |intensities, again due to the difficulties in delivering enough|

| |oxygen to the working muscles |

|There are no harmful by-products = no fatigue |Requires more O2 supply (15%+) for fat metabolism |

Energy systems – Advantages and disadvantages

Alactic system – ATP/PC system – Phosphagen system

|Advantages |Disadvantages |

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The Lactic Acid System –

|Advantages |Disadvantages |

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The Aerobic system

|Advantages |Disadvantages |

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