Review of Year-Round Schools
JOINT LEGISLATIVE AUDIT
AND REVIEW COMMISSION
Repor t To the
Governor and The Gener al Assembly of Virginia
Review of Year-Round Schools
house document no. 3 (2013)
Commonwealth of Virginia
Richmond
oc tober 2012
Members of the Joint Legislative Audit and
Review Commission
Chair
Delegate John M. O¡¯Bannon III
Vice-Chair
Senator John C. Watkins
Delegate David B. Albo
Delegate M. Kirkland Cox
Senator Janet D. Howell
Delegate Johnny S. Joannou
Delegate S. Chris Jones
Delegate James P. Massie III
Senator Thomas K. Norment, Jr.
Delegate Robert D. Orrock, Sr.
Delegate Lacey E. Putney
Delegate Lionell Spruill, Sr.
Senator Walter A. Stosch
Walter J. Kucharski, Auditor of Public Accounts
Director
Glen S. Tittermary
JLARC Staff for This Report
Justin Brown, Division Chief
Kimberly Sarte, Project Leader
Katie Francis
Greg Rest
David Reynolds
Photo of year-round elementary school in Lynchburg,
Virginia (upper right). Copyright by Kipp Teague. Used with
permission.
Report No. 430
This report is available on the JLARC website at
November 28, 2012
The Honorable John M. O'Bannon III
Chair
Joint Legislative Audit and Review Commission
General Assembly Building
Richmond, Virginia 23219
Dear Delegate O¡¯Bannon:
House Joint Resolution 646 of the 2011 Session directed the Joint Legislative
Audit and Review Commission (JLARC) to study the efficacy of year-round schools.
Specifically, staff were directed to determine which Virginia school divisions have
implemented year-round schools and conduct a comprehensive analysis of each yearround school, examine year-round schools utilized in other states and countries, and
review the Board of Education¡¯s procedure for approving year-round schools.
The final report was briefed to the Commission and authorized for printing
on October 9, 2012. On behalf of the Commission staff, I would like to thank staff at
the Department of Education for their assistance during this review. I would also
like to thank the division- and school-level staff in Virginia who are currently
operating year-round schools or have utilized them recently for the assistance and
information they provided during this review.
Sincerely,
Glen S. Tittermary
Director
GST/mle
Table of Contents
JLARC Report Summary
1
2
i
Year-Round School Calendar Redistributes
Traditional Summer Break Throughout Year
1
Nearly All Virginia Schools Operate on
Traditional Calendar Rooted in Agrarian History
2
Other States Also Use Year-Round Calendars,
While Other Countries Use Differing Calendars but
Tend to Have Shorter Summer Breaks
4
Year-Round Calendars Have Shorter, More
Frequent Breaks Compared to Traditional
School Calendars and Are Often Used to Increase
Student Achievement
5
Year-Round Schools Teach Same Curriculum but
Use Intersessions for Extra Educational
Opportunities
9
Local, State, and Federal Funding Sources Are
Used for Year-Round Schools in Virginia
13
Test Scores of Certain Students at Year-Round
Schools Were Better Than at Traditional
Schools
15
Research Finds Limited Academic Impact of YearRound Schools, but That Certain Student
Subgroups May Benefit
15
Some Student Subgroups at Year-Round Schools
Appear to Do Better on SOL Tests
17
Intersession Instruction and Shorter Summer
Breaks May Be Reasons for Higher SOL Test
Scores of Certain Student Groups
23
Educational Best Practices Influence Student
Achievement Regardless of the School Calendar
26
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