Genes, Chromosomes, Protein Synthesis
Genes, Chromosomes, &
Protein Synthesis
By Dr. Carmen Rexach
Physiology Mount San Antonio College
DNA trivia
? Each diploid human cell contains approximately 2000mm of DNA
? The single largest human chromosome (remember...we have 23 pairs!) is 85mm in length and gets condensed into a structure 0.5m in diameter and 10m long when the cell divides
Eukaryotic Chromosomes
Highly condensed = about 100mg/ml
Chromatin and chromosomes
? Chromatin
? Organized units of DNA and protein present in cell during all phases except cell division
? Euchromatin
? Relatively decondensed chromatin accessible for use
? Heterochromatin
? Highly condensed chromatin that is transcriptionally inactive
? Chromosomes
? Highly condensed chromatin present when the cell is dividing
Chromatin vs Chromosomes
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