Torque Required to Produce Bolt Stress
[Pages:1]Torque Required to Produce Bolt Stress
The torque or turning effort required to produce a certain stress in bolting is dependent upon a number of conditions, some of which are: 1. Diameter of Bolt; 2. Type and number of threads on bolt; 3. Material of bolt; 4. Condition of nut bearing surfaces; and, 5. Lubrication of bolt threads and net bearing surfaces. The table below reflect the results of many tests to determine the relation between torque and bolt stress. Values are based on steel bolting well lubricated with a heavy graphite and oil mixture with a friction value of 0.177. It was found that a non-lubricated bolt has an efficiecy of about 50% of a well lubricated bolt and also that different lubricants produce results varying between the limits of 50 and 100% of the tabulated stress figures.
Torque Chart
Nominal Diameter of Stud (Inches)
1/4 5/16 3/8 7/16 1/2 9/16 5/8 3/4 7/8 1 1 1/8 1 1/4 1 3/8 1 1/2 1 5/8 1 3/4 1 7/8 2 2 1/4 2 1/2 2 3/4 3
Diameter at Root of Threads (Inches)
0.185 0.24 0.294 0.345 0.4 0.454 0.507 0.62 0.731 0.838 0.963 1.088 1.213 1.338 1.463 1.588 1.713 1.838 2.088 2.338 2.588 2.838
Area at Root of Threads (Sq. Inches)
0.027 0.045 0.068 0.093 0.126 0.162 0.202 0.302 0.419 0.551 0.728 0.929 1.155 1.405 1.68 1.98 2.304 2.652 3.423 4.292 5.259 6.324
30,000 PSI
Torque Ft. Lbs.
Compression Lbs.
4
810
8
1350
12
2040
20
2790
30
3780
45
4860
60
6060
100
9060
160
12570
245
16530
355
21840
500
27870
680
34650
800
42150
1100 1500 2000
50400 59400 69120
2200 3180 4400 5920 7720
79560 102690 128760 157770 189720
Bolt Stress 45,000 PSI
Torque Ft. Lbs.
Compression Lbs.
6
1215
12
2025
18
3060
30
4185
45
5670
68
7290
90
9090
150
13590
240
18855
368
24795
533
32760
750 1020 1200
41805 51975 63225
1650 2250 3000
75600 89100 103680
3300 4770 6600 8880 11580
119340 154035 193140 236655 284580
60,000 PSI
Torque Ft. Lbs.
Compression Lbs.
8
1620
16
2700
24
4080
40
5580
60
7560
90
9720
120
12120
200
18120
320
25140
490
33060
710
43680
1000 1360 1600
55740 69300 84300
2200 3000 4000
100800 118800 138240
4400 6360 8800 11840 15440
159120 205380 257520 315540 379440
144
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