A Level Psychology AfL



Health Psychology - Assessment for LearningSyllabus AreasQuestionWhen/whereDate when doneCONTENT8.1.1 Issues around drug taking, Including addiction, tolerance, physical and psychological dependency, withdrawal. Describe two issues around drug taking (4)SAMS2Explanations of drug addiction 8.1.2 One biological explanation for alcoholDrug misuse is considered by some psychologists to have a biological basis. However, other psychologists also argue that the environment in which the person lives provides an explanation for drug misuse.Evaluate the nature and nurture explanations of drug misuse with reference to the two types of belief above. You must make reference to the context in your answer. (16)SAMS1One biological explanation for heroin Ben is addicted to heroin. His parents want to find out about the causes of heroin addiction. Describe one biological explanation for heroin addiction. (4)Explain one weakness of one biological explanation for heroin addiction. (2)One biological explanation for nicotine addictionOne learning explanation for alcohol addictionOne learning explanation for heroin addiction One learning explanation for nicotine addictionTwo treatments for alcohol addiction, including aversion therapy. Describe aversion therapy as a treatment for alcohol misuse. (4)SAMS1Two treatments for heroin, including aversion therapy.There are several treatments for heroin addiction. Evaluate one treatment for heroin addiction. (8)June 2017Two treatments for nicotine addiction, including aversion therapy.Sarah is addicted to nicotine and has decided that she wants to stop smoking. She is considering aversion therapy but other treatments exist. Discuss the use of other treatments for Sarah for her nicotine addiction. You must make reference to the context in your answer (8)SAMS1Evaluate the use of two treatments for nicotine addiction. (16)SAMS2One anti-drug campaign and the psychological strategies behind it.Individual differences Biological and social factors in drug misuse can include effects dependent on differences in the individual, such as personality.Developmental psychologySocial interactions during development can lead to drug misuse, including learning. Syllabus AreasQuestionWhen/ Where Date achievedMETHODSThe use of animal laboratory experiments to study drugsEthics of using animals to study drugs.Describe the ethics that need to be considered when carrying out experiments on animals. (2) SAMS1Two research methods using humans to study drugs..Ethics of using human participants to study drugsThe use of cross-cultural research, including nature/nurture issues related to drug misuse.Data analysis Analysis of quantitative data using measures of central tendency, frequency tables, measures of dispersion (range and standard deviation)Analysis of, use of, and drawing conclusions from quantitative data, including using inferential statistical testing (use of chi squared, Spearman, Mann-Whitney U, Wilcoxon) and issues of statistical significance; levels of measurement; critical and observed values. Temi works at a research laboratory. She is testing a new drug to see how effective it is in reducing withdrawal symptoms for nicotine addicts. Temi’s research is in the first stages of development, so she has to use rats at this stage. Temi used 10 nicotine-addicted rats. Five were given the new drug and five were in the control group. Temi has suggested that the rats given the new drug will show fewer withdrawal symptoms than the control group. Temi decided to perform a Mann Whitney U test to find out whether the drug had a significant effect on withdrawal symptoms. Table 6 shows the ranked results. Complete Table 6 and calculate Mann Whitney U for the data in Table 6Using the critical values for Mann Whitney U, explain how effective the drug is in reducing withdrawal symptoms. (2)SAMS1Sofia has carried out an experiment investigating the effects of alcohol on mice. She had two groups of mice. Group A had access to alcohol before completing a maze, and group B had no access to alcohol before completing a maze. Sofia recorded how long it took the mice to compete the maze in seconds. Identify the level of measurement Sofia used in her experiment. (1)Calculate the median number of seconds it took to complete the maze for the mice who had no access to alcohol. (1)Explain why Sofia used the median rather than the mean as a measure of central tendency. (2)Sofia carried out a Mann-Whitney U test on her data to see if there was a significant difference between the two groups. Table 7 shows the ranked results. (d) Complete Table 7 and calculate the Mann-Whitney U for the data in Table 7 (4)SAMS2Benito carried out some research into the effects of an advertising campaign about healthy living. He recorded the number of times people exercised each week. The people who had viewed the campaign had a mean score of 7.9 exercise sessions. The people who had not viewed the campaign had a mean score of 3.4 exercise sessions. (i) State which statistical test Benito would use to analyse his data. (1)(ii) State three reasons why Benito would use the statistical test you identified in (3)Benito used a random sample. Describe how he would have selected his sample. (2)June 2017Analysis of qualitative data using thematic analysis and grounded theory. Syllabus AreasQuestionWhen/where Date achievedSTUDIESOlds and Milner (1954) Positive reinforcement produced by electrical stimulation of septal area and other regions of rat brain.Evaluate the classic study by Olds and Milner (1954) in terms of validity and reliability. (8)SAMS2Mundt et al. (2012) Dixit et al. (2012) Pengpid et al. (2012) KEY QUESTIONOne issue of relevance to today’s society and to explain the issue apply concepts, theories and/or research (as appropriate) drawn from health psychology as given in this specification. Concepts, theories and/or research (as appropriate to the chosen key question) drawn from health psychology as given in this specification. Suitable examples ● How to encourage the cessation of smoking? ● Government intervention in health behaviours versus freedom of choice: to what extent is government intervention appropriate?You will have learnt about a key question from health psychology that is relevant to today’s society. Assess the key question from health psychology. (16)June 2017PRACTICALOne practical research exercise to gather data relevant to topics covered in health psychology. This practical research exercise must adhere to ethical principles in both content and intention. In conducting the practical research exercise, students must: ● conduct a questionnaire, interview or a content analysis ● gather qualitative and/or quantitative data but must involve quantitative data for analysis (can turn qualitative data into quantitative date for analysis purposes) ● include inferential statistical testing as appropriate such as chi squared, Mann-Whitney U, Wilcoxon or Spearman’s rho ● include research question/hypothesis; research method; sampling; ethical considerations; data-collection tools; data analysis; results; discussion ● consider strenghts and weaknesses of the practical research exercise and possible improvements. Suitable examples ● Content analysis of pop music/television programmes e.g. references to drugs. ● Content analysis of newspaper articles/news comparing references to alcohol and nicotine. AdditionalDescribe two areas of interest you have studied in criminological psychology (4)Syllabus AreasQuestionWhen/whereDate achievedISSUES AND DEBATESEthics Practical issues in the design and implementation of research Reductionism Comparisons between ways of explaining behaviour using different themes Psychology as a science Culture and gender Nature-nurture An understanding of how psychological understanding has developed over time Issues of social control The use of psychological knowledge within society Issues related to socially sensitive research ................
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