Chapter 1: An Overview of Crime and Criminology
Test BankChapter 1: An Overview of Crime and CriminologyMultiple Choice1. ______ is an interdisciplinary science that gathers and analyzes data on crime and criminal behavior. a. criminology b. theory c. sociology d. law Ans: aLearning Objective: 1.1 Be able to describe the difficulties attached to defining crime and the difference between crime and criminalityCognitive Domain: Knowledge Answer Location: What Is Criminology? Difficulty Level: Easy 2. Criminologists use what is known as the ______ to try to answer the questions they ask rather than simply speculate about the questions. a. scientific procedure b. scientific method c. technique of natural science d. observational analysisAns: b Learning Objective: 1.1 Be able to describe the difficulties attached to defining crime and the difference between crime and criminality Cognitive Domain: KnowledgeAnswer Location: What Is Criminology?Difficulty Level: Easy 3. Universally condemned crimes are known as ______. a. mala in se b. mala prohibita c. actus reus d. mens rea Ans: aLearning Objective: 1.2 Explain the difference between mala in se and mala prohibita crimes Cognitive Domain: KnowledgeAnswer Location: Beyond Social Construction: The Stationary Core CrimesDifficulty Level: Easy 4. Crimes that are time and culture bound are described as ______. a. mala in se b. mala prohibita c. actus reus d. mens rea Ans: bLearning Objective: 1.2 Explain the difference between mala in se and mala prohibita crimes | 1.4 Realize how thinking about crime and criminality is time and culture bound Cognitive Domain: Knowledge Answer Location: Beyond Social Construction: The Stationary Core CrimesDifficulty Level: Easy 5. When criminologists study ______, they study individuals who commit harmful acts, regardless of the legal status of those acts. a. crime b. criminology c. criminality d. law Ans: cLearning Objective: 1.3 Understand the legal process required to “officially” become criminal | 1.4 Realize how thinking about crime and criminality is time and culture bound Cognitive Domain: KnowledgeAnswer Location: Criminality Difficulty Level: Easy6. A(n) ______ is a set of logically interconnected propositions explaining how phenomena are related. a. theory b. hypothesis c. ideology d. policyAns: aLearning Objective: 1.5 Understand what theory is, how it is formulated, and how theory functions in science Cognitive Domain: KnowledgeAnswer Location: What Is Criminology? Difficulty Level: Easy7. ______ are specific statements about the relationships that we expect to find between and among factors. a. theories b. hypotheses c. educated guesses d. formulations Ans: bLearning Objective: 1.7 Understand the relationship between theory and policy in criminologyCognitive Domain: KnowledgeAnswer Location: What Is Theory? Difficulty Level: Easy8. ______ is a way of looking at the world, a general emotional picture of how things should be. a. theory b. ideology c. vision d. analysis Ans: bLearning Objective: 1.6 Be aware of the role of ideology in criminologyCognitive Domain: KnowledgeAnswer Location: Ideology in Criminological TheoryDifficulty Level: Easy9. During the Progressive Era (from about 1890 to 1920), ______ became the primary disciplinary home of criminology. a. biology b. psychology c. sociology d. theology Ans: cLearning Objective: 1.1 Be able to describe the difficulties attached to defining crime and the difference between crime and criminalityCognitive Domain: KnowledgeAnswer Location: The Progressive Era Difficulty Level: Easy10. Driving 26 miles per hour in an area where the speed limit is 25 miles per hour would best be described as an acta. mala in seb. mala prohibitac. of overcriminalizationd. of felonious proportionsAns: bLearning Objective: 1.2 Explain the difference between mala in se and mala prohibita crimesCognitive Domain: KnowledgeAnswer Location: Beyond Social Construction: The Stationary Core CrimesDifficulty Level: Easy11. Socially harmful actsa. are deemed to be in need of regulation but not by the criminal law except under exceptional circumstances b. are socially harmful, but not sufficiently so to require the heavy hand of the criminal law c. are considered so socially harmful that they come under the purview of the criminal justice system d. include reneging on a contract Ans: aLearning Objective: 1.4 Realize how thinking about crime and criminality is time and culture boundCognitive Domain: KnowledgeAnswer Location: Crime as a Subcategory of Social HarmsDifficulty Level: Easy12. The ______ school of thought emphasizes human rationality and free will in its explanations of criminal behavior. a. biosocial b. classical c. positivist d. psychological Ans: bLearning Objective: 1.1 Be able to describe the difficulties attached to defining crime and the difference between crime and criminality Cognitive Domain: KnowledgeAnswer Location: The Enlightenment Difficulty Level: Easy13. Lombroso’s theory of the born criminal was aligned with which school of thought? a. biosocial b. classical c. positivist d. psychological Ans: cLearning Objective: 1.5 Understand what theory is, how it is formulated, and how theory functions in science Cognitive Domain: KnowledgeAnswer Location: The Industrial Revolution and the Age of ScienceDifficulty Level: Easy14. Renaissancea. was a period between approximately 1450 and 1600 b. is associated with advances in art, literature, music, and philosophy c. means rebirth, and refers to the rediscovery of the thinking traditions of the ancient Greeks d. all of theseAns: dLearning Objective: 1.4 Realize how thinking about crime and criminality is time and culture boundCognitive Domain: KnowledgeAnswer Location: The Renaissance Difficulty Level: Easy15. When two factors are correlates, it means that a. One of the factors causes changes to the other. b. The two factors vary together. c. They compose a theory of crime. d. They have been socially constructed. Ans: bLearning Objective: 1.5 Understand what theory is, how it is formulated, and how theory functions in science Cognitive Domain: KnowledgeAnswer Location: The Role of Theory in Criminology Difficulty Level: Easy16. According to Thomas Sowell’s typology, those who have a/an ______ believe that human activities are restricted by an innate human nature that is self-centered and largely unalterable. a. classical vision b. constrained vision c. phrenological vision d. unconstrained vision Ans: bLearning Objective: 1.6 Be aware of the role of ideology in criminologyCognitive Domain: KnowledgeAnswer Location: Ideology in Criminological TheoryDifficulty Level: Easy17. According to Thomas Sowell’s typology, those who have a/an ______ vision deny an innate human nature, viewing human activities as formed anew in each different culture. a. classical vision b. constrained vision c. phrenological vision d. unconstrained vision Ans: dLearning Objective: 1.6 Be aware of the role of ideology in criminologyCognitive Domain: KnowledgeAnswer Location: Ideology in Criminological TheoryDifficulty Level: Easy18. According to John Hagan, which of the following criteria helps us differentiate between real crimes and those which are arbitrary and socially constructed? a. consensus b. harm c. severity d. all of theseAns: d Learning Objective: 1.1 Be able to describe the difficulties attached to defining crime and the difference between crime and criminality Cognitive Domain: KnowledgeAnswer Location: Beyond Social Construction: The Stationary Core CrimesDifficulty Level: Easy19. The belief that science can provide answers for everything is most characteristic of the ______ school of thought. a. ideological b. positivist c. progressive d. renaissance Ans: bLearning Objective: 1.4 Realize how thinking about crime and criminality is time and culture boundCognitive Domain: KnowledgeAnswer Location: The Industrial Revolution and the Age of ScienceDifficulty Level: Easy20. Which of the following is an example of an indirect cost of crime? a. maintenance costs of jails and prisons b. salaries of law enforcement personnel c. the purchase of police cars d. the expense of private surveillance and security devices Ans: dLearning Objective: 1.1 Be able to describe the difficulties attached to defining crime and the difference between crime and criminality Cognitive Domain: KnowledgeAnswer Location: Crime as a Subcategory of Social HarmsDifficulty Level: Easy21. _____ criminologists tend to believe that the only real cause of crime is capitalism. a. atavist b. Marxist c. positivist d. classical Ans: bLearning Objective: 1.1 Be able to describe the difficulties attached to defining crime and the difference between crime and criminality Cognitive Domain: KnowledgeAnswer Location: The Critical Period Difficulty Level: Easy22. Policya. is a set of logically interconnected propositions explaining how phenomena are related, and from which a number of hypotheses can be derived and tested b. is the segment of the phenomenon of interest that is measured and analyzed c. is a course of action designed to solve some problem that has been selected from among alternative courses of action d. is an interdisciplinary science that gathers and analyzes data on crime and criminal behaviorAns: cLearning Objective: 1.1 Be able to describe the difficulties attached to defining crime and the difference between crime and criminality | 1.5 Understand what theory is, how it is formulated, and how theory functions in science | 1.7 Understand the relationship between theory and policyin criminologyCognitive Domain: KnowledgeAnswer Location: Connecting Criminological Theory and Social PolicyDifficulty Level: Easy23. In the eyes of the law, a person reneging on a contract is handled as a ______. a. criminal violationb. private wrongc. social constructiond. socially harmful actAns: bLearning Objective: 1.1 Be able to describe the difficulties attached to defining crime and the difference between crime and criminality Cognitive Domain: KnowledgeAnswer Location: Crime as a Subcategory of Social HarmsDifficulty Level: Easy24. Which of the following is an intentional act in violation of the criminal law committed without defense or excuse and penalized by the state? a. criminality b. crime c. criminology d. devianceAns: bLearning Objective: 1.1 Be able to describe the difficulties attached to defining crime and the difference between crime and criminality Cognitive Domain: KnowledgeAnswer Location: What Is Crime?Difficulty Level: Easy25. Cesare Lombroso’s concept of the born criminal is also known as his theory of ______. a. atavism b. ideal types c. phrenology d. somatotypes Ans: aLearning Objective: 1.5 Understand what theory is, how it is formulated, and how theory functions in scienceCognitive Domain: KnowledgeAnswer Location: The Industrial Revolution and the Age of ScienceDifficulty Level: Easy26. In which case did the Supreme Court invalidate anti-flag burning statutes as unconstitutional? a. Texas v. Johnson b. Lawrence v. Texas c. Bowers v. Hardwick d. Mapp v. Ohio Ans: aLearning Objective: 1.1 Be able to describe the difficulties attached to defining crime and the difference between crime and criminality Cognitive Domain: Knowledge Answer Location: Crime As a Moving Target Difficulty Level: Easy27. Which of the following is an example of a direct cost of crime? a. protective devices b. insurance costs c. surveillance and security devices d. salaries and benefits of personnel Ans: dLearning Objective: 1.1 Be able to describe the difficulties attached to defining crime and the difference between crime and criminality Cognitive Domain: Evaluate Answer Location: Crime as a Subcategory of Social HarmsDifficulty Level: Easy 28. Harms outside the purview of the criminal justice system include: a. core offenses b. all social harms c. all crimes d. all of these Ans: bLearning Objective: 1.1 Be able to describe the difficulties attached to defining crime and the difference between crime and criminality Cognitive Domain: KnowledgeAnswer Location: Crime as a Subcategory of Social HarmsDifficulty Level: Easy 29. The first step in detecting causes of crime is a. deriving a theory b. testing a hypothesis c. discovering correlates d. determining the level of analysis Ans: cLearning Objective: 1.1 Be able to describe the difficulties attached to defining crime and the difference between crime and criminality | 1.5 Understand what theory is, how it is formulated, and how theory functions in scienceCognitive Domain: ApplyAnswer Location: The Role of Theory Difficulty Level: Easy 30. Predictive scope a. maintains that a theory has merit and is useful to the extent that it accurately predicts what is observed b. maintains that if two competing theories are essentially equal in terms of the first two criteria, then the less complicated one is considered more “elegant” c. asserts that a theory must have the quality of being falsifiable or disprovable d. refers to the scope or range of the theory and thus the scope or range of the hypotheses that can be derived from it Ans: dLearning Objective: 1.5 Understand what theory is, how it is formulated, and how theory functions in scienceCognitive Domain: KnowledgeAnswer Location: What Is a Good Theory?Difficulty Level: EasyTrue/False31. Criminology is an interdisciplinary field. Ans: TLearning Objective: 1.1 Be able to describe the difficulties attached to defining crime and the difference between crime and criminality Cognitive Domain: Knowledge Answer Location: What Is Criminology? Difficulty Level: Easy32. What constitutes a crime can be defined in and out of existence by courts and legislators. Ans: TLearning Objective: 1.1 Be able to describe the difficulties attached to defining crime and the difference between crime and criminality Cognitive Domain: KnowledgeAnswer Location: What Is Crime? Difficulty Level: Easy33. Criminality is an identifiable trait that some people possess, and others do not. Ans: FLearning Objective: 1.4 Realize how thinking about crime and criminality is time and culture boundCognitive Domain: KnowledgeAnswer Location: CriminalityDifficulty Level: Easy34. The Enlightenment is associated with advances in mathematics, science, and the dignity and worth of the individual as exemplified by a concern for human rights. Ans: TLearning Objective: 1.4 Realize how thinking about crime and criminality is time and culture boundCognitive Domain: KnowledgeAnswer Location: The Enlightenment Difficulty Level: Easy35. The unconstrained vision denies the existence of an innate human nature, instead holding that human nature is formed anew in each different culture. Ans: TLearning Objective: 1.6 Be aware of the role of ideology in criminologyCognitive Domain: KnowledgeAnswer Location: Ideology in Criminological TheoryDifficulty Level: Easy36. Prostitution is an act that would be considered mala in se. Ans: FLearning Objective: 1.2 Explain the difference between mala in se and mala prohibita crimesCognitive Domain: KnowledgeAnswer Location: Beyond Social Construction: The Stationary Core CrimesDifficulty Level: Easy37. Questions of cause and effect should be answered at the same level of analysis at which they were posed. Ans: TLearning Objective: 1.5 Understand what theory is, how it is formulated, and how theory functions in scienceCognitive Domain: KnowledgeAnswer Location: How to Think About TheoriesDifficulty Level: Easy38. A hypothesis is best described as a set of interconnected propositions that explain how phenomena are related. Ans: FLearning Objective: 1.5 Understand what theory is, how it is formulated, and how theory functions in scienceCognitive Domain: KnowledgeAnswer Location: What Is Theory? Difficulty Level: Easy39. Criminality is a legal term. Ans: FLearning Objective: 1.3 Understand the legal process required to “officially” become criminal | 1.4 Realize how thinking about crime and criminality is time and culture boundCognitive Domain: KnowledgeAnswer Location: Criminality Difficulty Level: Easy40. Mala in se crimes tend to arouse the most intense emotional responses, because they trigger a sense of threat to our survival. Ans: TLearning Objective: 1.2 Explain the difference between mala in se and mala prohibita crimesCognitive Domain: KnowledgeAnswer Location: Beyond Social Construction: The Stationary Core CrimesDifficulty Level: Easy 41. Criminality is the scientific study of crime and criminals. Ans: FLearning Objective: 1.1 Be able to describe the difficulties attached to defining crime and the difference between crime and criminality | 1.4 Realize how thinking about crime and criminality is time and culture bound Cognitive Domain: KnowledgeAnswer Location: Criminality Difficulty Level: Easy 42. The 1990s and early 2000s witnessed a strong resurgence of biosocial theories, which view behavior as the result of biological factors interacting with the environments of the actors involved. Ans: TLearning Objective: 1.4 Realize how thinking about crime and criminality is time and culture bound Cognitive Domain: KnowledgeAnswer Location: The Modern Period Difficulty Level: Easy43. The emotional pain and suffering experienced by crime victims is easy to quantify. Ans: FLearning Objective: 1.1 Be able to describe the difficulties attached to defining crime and the difference between crime and criminality Cognitive Domain: KnowledgeAnswer Location: Crime as a Subcategory of Social HarmsDifficulty Level: Easy44. The criteria for judging the merits of a theory include predictive accuracy, predictive scope, simplicity, and falsifiability. Ans: TLearning Objective: 1.5 Understand what theory is, how it is formulated, and how theory functions in scienceCognitive Domain: KnowledgeAnswer Location: What Is Good Theory? Difficulty Level: Easy45. The role of human judgment in determining what is categorized as crime renders the category arbitrary. Ans: FLearning Objective: 1.1 Be able to describe the difficulties attached to defining crime and the difference between crime and criminalityCognitive Domain: KnowledgeAnswer Location: Crime as a Subcategory of Social HarmsDifficulty Level: Easy46. The basic idea behind phrenology was that cognitive functions are localized in the brain, and that the parts regulating the most dominant functions were bigger than parts regulating the less dominant ones. Ans: TLearning Objective: 1.4 Realize how thinking about crime and criminality is time and culture bound Cognitive Domain: KnowledgeAnswer Location: The Industrial Revolution and the Age of ScienceDifficulty Level: Easy47. A correlate is that segment of the phenomenon of interest that is measured and analyzed. Ans: FLearning Objective: 1.5 Understand what theory is, how it is formulated, and how theory functions in science Cognitive Domain: KnowledgeAnswer Location: The Role of Theory in Criminology Difficulty Level: Easy48. The constrained vision maintains that there is an innate human nature that is self-centered and largely unalterable. Ans: TLearning Objective: 1.6 Be aware of the role of ideology in criminologyCognitive Domain: KnowledgeAnswer Location: Ideology in Criminological TheoryDifficulty Level: Easy 49. The definition of crime is problematic because acts that are defined as criminal vary across time and culture. Ans: TLearning Objective: 1.1 Be able to describe the difficulties attached to defining crime and the difference between crime and criminality; 1.4 Realize how thinking about crime and criminality is time and culture bound Cognitive Domain: KnowledgeAnswer Location: Summary Difficulty Level: Easy50. The Industrial Revolution brought with it more secular thinking regarding crime and criminality. Ans: FLearning Objective: 1.1 Be able to describe the difficulties attached to defining crime and the difference between crime and criminality Cognitive Domain: Knowledge Answer Location: The Industrial Revolution and the Age of ScienceDifficulty Level: Easy Essay51. Explain the difference between mala in se and mala prohibita. Ans: Mala in se crimes are consideredinherently bad, while mala prohibita refers to crimes that are time and culture bound.Learning Objective: 1.2 Explain the difference between mala in se and mala prohibita crimes; 1.4 Realize how thinking about crime and criminality is time and culture bound Cognitive Domain: ComprehendAnswer Location: Beyond Social Construction: The Stationary Core CrimesDifficulty Level: Easy 52. Briefly explain how the concept of criminality differs from legal definitions of who is criminal. Ans: Criminality is a clinical or scientific term that can be defined independently of legal definitions; it is essentially a trait that varies on a continuum. By contrast, the population of criminals is legally defined. Learning Objective: 1.3 Understand the legal process required to “officially” become criminal; 1.4 Realize how thinking about crime and criminality is time and culture bound Cognitive Domain: Comprehend Answer Location: Criminality Difficulty Level: Hard 53. Briefly contrast the constrained vision of human nature with the unconstrained vision of human nature. Ans: Those with a constrained vision of human nature see human activities as constrained by an innate human nature that is self-centered and largely unalterable. Those with an unconstrained vision view human nature as being formed anew in each different culture, and perceive human nature to be perfectible. Learning Objective: 1.6 Be aware of the role of ideology in criminologyCognitive Domain: Evaluate Answer Location: Ideology in Criminological TheoryDifficulty Level: Hard 54. Provide two examples of acts that would be considered mala in se. Possible Answers: murder, rape, robbery. Learning Objective: 1.2 Explain the difference between mala in se and malaprohibita crimes Cognitive Domain: KnowledgeAnswer Location: Beyond Social Construction: The Stationary Core CrimesDifficulty Level: Easy 55. Provide two examples of acts that would be considered mala prohibita. Possible Answers: prostitution, drug dealingLearning Objective: 1.2 Explain the difference between mala in se and malaprohibita crimes Cognitive Domain: KnowledgeAnswer Location: Beyond Social Construction: The Stationary Core CrimesDifficulty Level: Easy 56. Briefly explain the concept of correlation. How do we know if two factors are correlates? Ans: Correlates are factors that co-vary? when one variable changes, the other does as well. Correlation does not necessarily indicate causation. Learning Objective: 1.5 Understand what theory is, how it is formulated, and how theory functions in science Cognitive Domain: ComprehendAnswer Location: The Role of Theory in CriminologyDifficulty Level: Hard 57. Define ideology. Ans: A way of looking at the world; a general emotional picture of how things should be. Learning Objective: 1.6 Be aware of the role of ideology in criminology Cognitive Domain: Knowledge Answer Location: Ideology in Criminological TheoryDifficulty Level: Easy 58. Define theory. Ans: A set of logically interconnected propositions explaining how phenomena are related and from which a number of hypotheses can be derived and tested. Theories help us make sense of seemingly unrelated facts and propositions. Learning Objective: 1.5 Understand what theory is, how it is formulated, and how theory functions in science Cognitive Domain: KnowledgeAnswer Location: What Is Criminology? Difficulty Level: Easy 59. Briefly explain the difference between the Renaissance and Enlightenment in regards to crime and criminality. Ans: Whereas the Renaissance is associated with advances in art, literature, music, and philosophy, the Enlightenment is associated with advances in mathematics, science, and the dignity and worth of the individual as exemplified by a concern for human rights. Learning Objective: 1.1 Be able to describe the difficulties attached to defining crime and the difference between crime and criminality Cognitive Domain: ComprehendAnswer Location: The Renaissance/The Enlightenment Difficulty Level: Hard 60. Briefly explain the difference between socially harmful acts and private wrongs. Ans: Socially harmful acts are acts deemed to be in need of regulation, but not by the criminal law except under exceptional circumstance. Private wrongs are socially harmful, but not sufficiently so to require the heavy hand of the criminal law. Learning Objective: 1.1 Be able to describe the difficulties attached to defining crime and the difference between crime and criminality Cognitive Domain: ComprehendAnswer Location: Crime as a Subcategory of Social HarmsDifficulty Level: Hard 61. Provide two examples of direct and indirect costs of crime. Ans: Direct costs include costs of running the criminal justice system (salaries and benefits of personnel, and the maintenance costs of buildings and equipment) and the costs associated with each crime. Indirect costs include all manner of surveillance and security devices, protective devices (guns, alarms, security guards) and insurance costs, medical services, and the productivity and taxes lost of incarcerated individuals. Learning Objective: 1.1 Be able to describe the difficulties attached to defining crime and the difference between crime and criminality Cognitive Domain: ApplyAnswer Location: Crime as a Subcategory of Social HarmsDifficulty Level: Hard 62. Briefly explain the views of the classical school of criminology in regard to explaining criminal behavior. Ans: The classical school emphasized human rationality and free will in its explanations for criminal behavior. Learning Objective: 1.4 Realize how thinking about crime and criminality is time and culture bound Cognitive Domain: ComprehendAnswer Location: The Enlightenment Difficulty Level: Hard 63. Define level of analysis. Ans: Segment of the phenomenon of interest that is measured and analyzed; that is, individuals, families, neighborhoods, states, etc. Learning Objective: 1.5 Understand what theory is, how it is formulated, and how theory functions in science Cognitive Domain: KnowledgeAnswer Location: How to Think About Theories Difficulty Level: Easy 64. Describe the role of ideology in criminology. How do constrained and unconstrained visionaries differ in their views of human nature and crime? Learning Objective: 1.6 Be aware of the role of ideology in criminologyCognitive Domain: Comprehend Answer Location: Ideology in Criminological TheoryDifficulty Level: Hard 65. Provide an overview of some of the major historical developments of criminological theory. Be sure to identify and describe at least three of the main eras or schools of thought from the history of criminology.Learning Objective: 1.4 Realize how thinking about crime and criminality is time and culture bound Cognitive Domain: Knowledge/Comprehend/Apply Answer Location: A Short History of Criminology Difficulty Level: Hard 66. In criminological/sociological study, what are some of the limitations to defining as only those actions in violation of criminal law? Do you feel that criminologists should limit their study in this way? Support your response. Learning Objective: 1.1 Be able to describe the difficulties attached to defining crime and the difference between crime and criminalityCognitive Domain: Knowledge Answer Location: What Is Crime? Difficulty Level: Hard 67. Discuss the significance of criminological theory in shaping criminal justice policies. Learning Objective: 1.5 Understand what theory is, how it is formulated, and how theory functions in science | 1.7 Understand the relationship between theory and policy in criminologyCognitive Domain: Comprehend Answer Location: Connecting Criminological Theory and Social PolicyDifficulty Level: Hard 68. Define criminology and discuss the common questions asked in pursuit of better understanding this interdisciplinary science. Learning Objective: 1.1 Be able to describe the difficulties attached to defining crime and the difference between crime and criminality Cognitive Domain: Knowledge/Comprehend Answer Location: What Is Criminology? Difficulty Level: Hard 69. Discuss the role of theory in criminology. What is a theory? What are the criteria for judging a theory? How do levels of analysis relate to how to think about theories? Learning Objective: 1.5 Understand what theory is, how it is formulated, and how theory functions in science Cognitive Domain: Comprehend Answer Location: What Is Criminology? Difficulty Level: Hard 70. Discuss crime as a moving target. Are laws stable across time and culture? Support your response. Learning Objective: 1.1 Be able to describe the difficulties attached to defining crime and the difference between crime and criminality | 1.4 Realize how thinking about crime and criminality is time and culture bound Cognitive Domain: Comprehend Answer Location: Crime as a Moving Target Difficulty Level: Hard 71. Explain the continuum of harmful acts. How do socially harmful acts compare to private wrongs? Learning Objective: 1.1 Be able to describe the difficulties attached to defining crime and the difference between crime and criminality Cognitive Domain: ComprehendAnswer Location: Crime as a Subcategory of Social HarmsDifficulty Level: Hard 72. Define mala in se and mala prohibita. Discuss the differences between these two types of acts and give examples of each. Learning Objective: 1.2 Explain the difference between mala in se and mala prohibita crimesCognitive Domain: Knowledge | ComprehendAnswer Location: Beyond Social Construction: The Stationary Core CrimesDifficulty Level: Easy ................
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