2017 Psychology Written examination 2

Victorian Certificate of Education 2017

STUDENT NUMBER

SUPERVISOR TO ATTACH PROCESSING LABEL HERE

Letter

PSYCHOLOGY

Written examination

Thursday 2 November 2017

Reading time: 9.00 am to 9.15 am (15 minutes) Writing time: 9.15 am to 11.45 am (2 hours 30 minutes)

QUESTION AND ANSWER BOOK

Section

A B

Structure of book

Number of questions

Number of questions to be answered

50

50

8

8

Number of marks

50 70 Total 120

? Students are permitted to bring into the examination room: pens, pencils, highlighters, erasers, sharpeners and rulers.

? Students are NOT permitted to bring into the examination room: blank sheets of paper and/or correction fluid/tape.

? No calculator is allowed in this examination.

Materials supplied ? Question and answer book of 36 pages ? Answer sheet for multiple-choice questions ? Additional space is available at the end of the book if you need extra paper to complete an answer.

Instructions ? Write your student number in the space provided above on this page. ? Check that your name and student number as printed on your answer sheet for multiple-choice

questions are correct, and sign your name in the space provided to verify this. ? All written responses must be in English.

At the end of the examination ? Place the answer sheet for multiple-choice questions inside the front cover of this book.

Students are NOT permitted to bring mobile phones and/or any other unauthorised electronic devices into the examination room.

? VICTORIAN CURRICULUM AND ASSESSMENT AUTHORITY 2017

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2017 PSYCHOLOGY EXAM

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SECTION A ? Multiple-choice questions

Instructions for Section A

Answer all questions in pencil on the answer sheet provided for multiple-choice questions. Choose the response that is correct or that best answers the question. A correct answer scores 1; an incorrect answer scores 0. Marks will not be deducted for incorrect answers. No marks will be given if more than one answer is completed for any question.

Question 1

1

2

3

4

Which of the following corresponds to the structures labelled 1 to 4, in sequence, on the diagram above? A. dendrite, axon, myelin, axon terminal B. dendrite, myelin, axon, axon terminal C. axon terminal, myelin, axon, dendrite D. axon terminal, axon, myelin, dendrite

SECTION A ? continued

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2017 PSYCHOLOGY EXAM

Question 2 Daniel ran quickly across a busy road to catch an approaching bus. When he got to the other side, he noticed that his breathing rate had increased and his hands were shaking.

Which divisions of the nervous system most likely coordinated Daniel's running, increased breathing and shaking hands?

Running A. somatic B. autonomic C. somatic D. sympathetic

Increased breathing parasympathetic parasympathetic sympathetic sympathetic

Shaking hands sympathetic parasympathetic sympathetic sympathetic

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Question 3 Diseases such as multiple sclerosis result from damage to the myelin of neurons. Therefore, in terms of neural transmission, people who suffer from multiple sclerosis would most likely experience A. increased protection of the affected neurons. B. increased transmission of neurotransmitters across the synapse. C. slowing of the speed of electrical transmissions within a neuron. D. difficulty receiving chemical messages from surrounding neurons.

Question 4 Glutamate plays a key role in synaptic plasticity by A. releasing neurohormones into the bloodstream. B. increasing the speed of neurotransmitter transmissions along the axon. C. acting as an excitatory neurohormone released across the synaptic gap. D. acting as an excitatory neurotransmitter released across the synaptic gap.

Question 5 The areas of the brain that are associated with memory and are most likely to be affected by Alzheimer's disease are the A. hippocampus followed by the cerebral cortex. B. cerebral cortex followed by the hippocampus. C. cerebellum followed by the hippocampus. D. cerebellum followed by the amygdala.

Question 6 Which of the following conditions may cause a circadian phase disorder? A. shift work, jet lag, sleepwalking B. sleep-onset insomnia, jet lag, sleepwalking C. sleep-onset insomnia, sleepwalking, shift work D. jet lag, sleep-wake shifts in adolescence, shift work

SECTION A ? continued TURN OVER

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Question 7 On the first day of term, Mr Watkins gave his Australian Politics students a test to assess their prior knowledge. Students had to circle all of the previous Australian prime ministers from a group of faces provided. On the last day of term, Mr Watkins gave his students another test, where they had to write down all of the names of the Australian prime ministers they could remember, without any cues.

The tests on the first day and the last day of the term were, respectively

A. recall and recognition. B. recognition and recall. C. relearning and recognition. D. relearning and reconstruction.

Question 8 Dr Sabary conducted an experiment that involved hungry guinea pigs in a specially designed box. The box had an internal lever that, when pressed by the guinea pigs, would result in food being released into a dish inside the box. In this experiment, the antecedent was A. hunger. B. the dish. C. pressing the lever. D. receiving the food.

Question 9 Unlike classical conditioning, both operant conditioning and observational learning require a specific process to occur in order to produce a desired behaviour. What is this process? A. reinforcement B. spontaneous recovery C. involuntary behaviour D. stimulus generalisation

Question 10 Amal's sleep-wake cycle is regularly interrupted by her sleepwalking. Joshua has experienced a shift in his sleep-wake cycle where he has difficulty falling asleep before midnight. The type of sleep disturbances that Amal and Joshua are most likely experiencing are A. both dyssomnias. B. both parasomnias. C. dyssomnia and parasomnia respectively. D. parasomnia and dyssomnia respectively.

SECTION A ? continued

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2017 PSYCHOLOGY EXAM

Question 11 The multi-store model of memory can be used to explain how a person uses their knowledge of times tables to verbally answer a mathematics problem that is presented briefly on a computer screen.

Which of the following identifies the memory stores used to complete the aspects of solving the problem?

Visual registration of problem

Storage of times tables

Storage of problem

A. sensory memory

short-term memory

long-term memory

B. short-term memory C. short-term memory D. sensory memory

sensory memory episodic memory long-term memory

long-term memory sensory memory short-term memory

Question 12 Hamish wanted to learn yoga but could not afford to attend classes with his friends. Instead, he decided to watch videos on the internet to learn the technical poses. Hamish could describe all of the poses in detail. However, despite practising and the encouragement of his friends, Hamish could not successfully perform each pose.

Which aspects of observational learning did Hamish most likely achieve?

A. attention, retention, motivation, reproduction B. attention, retention, motivation, reinforcement C. motivation, attention, reproduction, reinforcement D. motivation, retention, reproduction, reinforcement

Question 13 Lucy and Xavier were at a bar for a friend's 21st birthday. Lucy was drinking alcohol; Xavier was not as he was the designated driver. Thomas was at home, asleep in bed.

Which of the following identifies the state of consciousness being experienced by Lucy, Xavier and Thomas?

Lucy

A. induced altered state of consciousness

B. normal waking consciousness

C. induced altered state of consciousness

D. naturally occurring altered state of consciousness

Xavier naturally occurring altered state of consciousness naturally occurring altered state of consciousness normal waking consciousness

normal waking consciousness

Thomas normal waking consciousness

induced altered state of consciousness

naturally occurring altered state of consciousness

naturally occurring altered state of consciousness

SECTION A ? continued TURN OVER

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Question 14 Every morning Teresa drinks coffee while answering her emails.

Which of the following identifies the most likely type of processing and level of awareness for each activity undertaken by Teresa?

Drinking coffee A. controlled process, high level of awareness B. automatic process, low level of awareness C. automatic process, low level of awareness D. controlled process, low level of awareness

Answering emails automatic process, low level of awareness controlled process, high level of awareness controlled process, low level of awareness automatic process, high level of awareness

Question 15 Sophia has developed a specific phobia of dogs and cries whenever she sees one. With reference to gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA), it is most likely that Sophia has A. an excess of this excitatory neurotransmitter. B. an excess of this inhibitory neurotransmitter. C. a deficiency of this excitatory neurotransmitter. D. a deficiency of this inhibitory neurotransmitter.

Question 16 Comparing a person's sleep-wake circadian rhythm to their ultradian rhythm of rapid eye movement (REM) and non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep, it can be said that A. both occur once in approximately a 24-hour period. B. both occur more than once in approximately a 24-hour period. C. ultradian rhythms occur approximately once in a 24-hour period but circadian rhythms occur more frequently. D. circadian rhythms occur approximately once in a 24-hour period but ultradian rhythms occur more frequently.

SECTION A ? continued

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